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Mandell L. Berman Institute North American Jewish Data Bank, Center for Judaic Studies and Contemporary Jewish Life University of Connecticut, 405 Babbidge Rd, Unit 1205, Storrs, CT 06269-1205 info@jewishdatabank.org phone: 860-486-2271 fax: 860-812-2032
Recent Trends in Jewish Demographics and Their Impact on the Jewish Media
2011 American Jewish Press Association Annual Conference Dallas, TX June, 2011
Ira M. Sheskin, Ph.D. Director of the Jewish Demography Project of the Sue and Leonard Miller Center for Contemporary Judaic Studies and Professor, Department of Geography and Regional Studies University of Miami
) Part I: Recent Trends in American Jewish Demography ) Part II: Demographic Profile of Users of the Jewish Media ) Part III: Data Sources for Reporters
3 Outline of this Presentation ) Part I: Recent Trends in American Jewish Demography ) Trend 1: Number of American Jews ) Trend 2: Changes in the Size of the Jewish Population Trend 3: Changing Geographic Distribution ) Trend 4: Loss of Jews Due to Intermarriage and Assimilation ) Trend 5: Investments of the Organized Jewish Community to Counteract the Forces of Assimilation ) Trend 6: Presence of FSU Jews and Israelis ) Part II: Demographic Profile of Users of the Jewish Media ) Part III: Data Sources for Reporters
4 Trend 1 How Many American Jews Are There? Probably 6.0-6.4 Million, But We Do Not Know
Defining Jews Who Do We Count? ) Both a religious group and an ethnic group ) Jews by religion, Jews by ethnicity ) Orthodox and Conservative: matrilineal descent ) Reform and Reconstructionist: patrilineal and matrilineal descent ) Israeli Law of Return: one Jewish grandparent ) Social scientists studying American Jewry: Consider Self Jewish but no Messianics
Methods for Counting Jews ) Jews are not counted in the US Census ) (except for Kiryas Joel, Monsey, and New Square) ) Older methods ) Census variables: "mother tongue and % Russian and Polish ) Absences from school on Yom Kippur ) Death records ) Current methods ) Random Digit Dialing (RDD) Telephone Surveys ) Distinctive Jewish Name Ratios ) Key Informant/Internet estimates ) Brandeis University Meta-Analysis
7 Random Digit Dialing (RDD) Telephone Surveys ) Generate four numbers at random to go at the end of each area code/exchange
code in the study area, resulting in 10-digit numbers
) 212-589-XXXX ) If a household is reached, inquire if anyone in the household is Jewish ) Calculate the percentage of households reached that are Jewish ) Ask household size and whether each person in household is Jewish ) Produces a population estimate and a random sample of Jews to be interviewed ) NJPS 2000-01, AJIS 2000-01, HARI 2000-01, ARIS 2008 were all RDD
Telephone Surveys
Screener
Hello. We are calling for a population study for the Jewish community sponsored by the San Antonio Jewish Federation. We are NOT asking for donations or selling anything AND we do not know your name or address. We ARE randomly interviewing households with one or more Jewish persons. Was anyone in your household born or raised Jewish, or is anyone currently Jewish? Yes A mixed response (There is a Jewish born or raised person in the household, but no one is currently Jewish.) No Since no one in your household is Jewish, let me just thank you for your time. Have a great (day/evening). Great! My name is _______,
(FIRST NAME ONLY)
1. Messianic (Jews for Jesus, Hebrew So that we can properly understand your answer, would you please tell me what you mean when you say someone in your household was (born/raised) Jewish but is not currently Jewish?
Christian, Completed Jew)
and your participation is important in helping the San Antonio Jewish community identify needs and plan for the future.
Again, your answers will be anonymous. We do NOT know your name or address.
DO THE SURVEY
Agnostic Atheist Doesnt identify as Jewish No religion Non-observant Non-practicing Non-religious Non-Western religion (Buddhist) Nothing Secular Not consider self Jewish, but has NOT converted out and is not a
2. Converso, Marrano, Crypto Jew 3. Converted to another religion 4. Not formally converted to another religion, but regularly attends church or other services 5. Grandparent was Jewish 6. Father Jewish, but raised in another religion 7. Mother Jewish, but raised in another religion 8. Mother and father Jewish, but raised in another religion 9. Father Jewish, but not raised in any religion 10. Mother Jewish, but not raised in any religion 11. Mother and father Jewish, but not raised in any religion 12. Believes has some Jewish blood 13. Black Hebrews
9 Distinctive Jewish Name Ratios ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) Berman Caplan Cohen Epstein Feldman Freedman Friedman Goldberg Goldman Goldstein Goodman Greenberg Gross Grossman Jacobs Jaffe Kahn Kaplan Katz Kohn Levin Levine Levinson Levy Lieberman Rosen Rosenberg Rosenthal Rubin Schwartz Shapiro Siegel Silverman Stern Weinstein Weiss
10 Key Informant and Internet Estimates ) Estimates of the Jewish population of over 1,000 American Jewish communities have been summarized annually in the American Jewish Year Book (AJYB), now Current Jewish Population Reports (CJPR) ) When the results of an RDD survey or DJN procedure are available for a particular community, this is used in place of a key informant or Internet estimate ) Of the total number of Jews reported by the AJYB (now CJPR), more than 80% of that number is supported by RDD estimates of local Jewish communities from past 15 years ) These 1,000 local estimates are totaled to get a national estimate
11
Virginia
12
) SSRI 2010 ) Uses 150 random digit dialing telephone surveys done for a whole variety of purposes that happened to ask a question about religious preference - leads to an estimate of Jewish adults by religion ) Has to extrapolate Jews by ethnicity based on NJPS ratio of Jews by religion to Jews by ethnicity ) Has to extrapolate Jews under age 20 based on NJPS ratio because many of the 150 surveys only interviewed Age 20+
13
7,000
6,000
RDD
6,000
5,000
RDD
5,340
5,200
RDD
RDD
4,000
3,000
2,000
1,000
0 CJPR 2010 SSRI 2010 HARI 2000-01 AJIS 2001 NJPS 2000-01
American Jewish Year Book Steinhardt Social Research Now: Current Jewish Population Reports Institute Sheskin and Dashefsky Leonard Saxe Heritage, Ancestry, and Religious American Jewish Identity Survey National Jewish Population Survey Identification Mayer, Kosmin, and Keysar Jewish Federations of North America Tobin and Groeneman
14
Why the Differences Between NJPS and CJPR? ) The CJPR estimate of 6.0-6.4 million is well above the NJPS estimate of 5.2M ) Why? ) The NJPS estimate is too low ) A disproportionate percentage of Jews refused to participate in NJPS 2000,
resulting in an undercount ) Each 0.1% error in percentage Jewish is 112,000 Jewish households containing 200,000 Jews
The CJPR estimate is too high ) Students ) Snowbirds ) Movers between Studies ) Informants overstate numbers: but an analysis shows a 3% under reporting!
15
6,200
United Kingdom Russia Argentina Germany Australia Brazil Ukraine South Africa Hungary Mexico Belgium Netherlands Italy Chile
If 5.2 million is correct: more Jews in Israel than in US If 6.0-6.4 million is correct: More Jews in US than in Israel
(thousands)
16 Trend 2 Is the Jewish Population Increasing, Decreasing or Remaining the Same? Probably Remaining the Same, But We Do Not Know
17
Arnold Toynbee, in his classic 12-volume study of history (1934-1961) was troubled by the one exception to his universal rules governing the eventual decline of every people. He declared that the Jews were a vestigial remnant of a people destined to perish soon
19
May 5, 1964
20
21
7,000 6,000 5,000
Number of American Jews from National Jewish RDD Surveys: (thousands) NJPS 1990 and NJPS 2000
5,500
5,200
Shows a decrease?
4,000 3,000 2,000 1,000 0 1990 2000 Not really, because the 5.2 million is within the margin of error of the 5.5 million Loss of 300,000 would have been loss of 500,000 with FSU Jews, or 50,000/year
22
7,000 6,000 5,000 4,000
Number of American Jews from American Jewish Year Book Estimates RDD/DJN/Key Informant (thousands)
Sheskin and Dashefsky do not believe this indicates an increase of 603,000, but rather that a better job has been done of counting
6,452
5,941
5,981
5,798
5,828
5,840
5,880
5,900
6,000
6,005
6,061
6,136
6,165
No Data
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Source: American Jewish Year Book (Schwartz and Scheckner until 2001, Sheskin and Dashefsky 2006-2010)
6,433
6,489
6,537
6,544
23
7,000 6,000 5,000 4,000 3,000 2,000 1,000 0
6,340 5,693
6,467
2000
2008
2010
24
Atlanta 10 Baltimore 11 Boston 10 Chicago 10 Cleveland 9 Columbus 11 Denver 10 Las Vegas 10 Miami 10 New York 11 Philadelphia 12 Sarasota 9 Seattle 10 South Palm Beach 10 West Palm Beach 6
25
Detroit 16
72 Now 67,000
Los Angeles 18
519
45
Phoenix 19
83
119
San Francisco 18
209
157
Washington 20
216
200
400
600
1,000
1,200
1,400
1,600
26 Increasing, Decreasing, or Remaining the Same? ) The data seem to show a Jewish population that has remained relatively constant over the past 20 years: ) But, only because of 335,000 FSU Jews by the year 2000 (now grown to at least 500,000 and maybe as much as 700,000 today) ) Likely to decrease in the future due to: ) a very low fertility rate of 1.9, of which 1.4 will be raised as Jews (2.15 is replacement rate) ) a high percentage of elderly ) a significant number of persons who opt out
27
90+ 85-89 80-84 75-79 70-74 65-69 60-64 55-59 50-54 45-49 40-44 35-39 30-34 25-29 20-24 15-19 10-14 5-9 0-4 8.0%
Males
6.0%
3.5% 4.0%
Females
6.0% 8.0%
28
90+ 85-89 80-84 75-79 70-74 65-69 60-64 55-59 50-54 45-49 40-44 35-39 30-34 25-29 20-24 15-19 10-14 5-9 0-4
Males
8.0% 6.0%
Females
6.0% 8.0%
29
Political Implications
) ) ) )
Jews are either 1.7% or 2.1% of the American population depending on whether NJPS or CJPR is correct Jewish political influence comes from the Electoral College and from Jews concentrating in certain states (see Trend 3) Political influence will be dependent on a core group of politically-active Jews who donate and campaign But eventually, decreasing numbers will impact the ability of the Jewish community to influence policy
30
Psychological Implications Some Jews, who have themselves chosen to become less involved in Jewish life, feel that the "correctness" or "inevitability" of their choice has been confirmed by the fact that many others have followed the same path Other Jews have reacted with alarm at the implications of these findings. Jewish continuity was made a priority in many American Jewish communities, leading to additional funding for both formal and informal Jewish education and for programs like birthright Israel (see Trend 5)
31
Economic Implications
) )
Cost of being Jewish is often a major reason for non-participation As the number of Jews decreases, particularly in small communities, the costs of running the community per remaining household increases Miami decreasing from 143,000 Jews to 113,000 Jews over a decade (20%) has less impact then decreases in small communities. If San Antonio lost 20% of its 9,200 Jews, Jewish institutions in San Antonio would be much more impacted than in a larger community like Miami
32 Like Mark Twain, who read his own obituary in the Newspaper, American Jews can respond that the report of their death is highly exaggerated ) The US now has: ) ) ) ) ) )
Hundreds of College Judaic Studies Programs with thousands of courses and thousands of students. Almost none of this existed 50 years ago Thousands of Jewish and Israel-oriented websites More than 60 Florence Melton Adult Mini-Schools have opened since 1986 Chabad and Aish HaTorah are flourishing and attracting many non-Orthodox Jews More than 50 Jewish museums Jewish Book Fairs, Jewish Film Festivals, and Israel Independence Day celebrations are attracting hundreds of thousands each year
33
) ) ) ) )
Foundation for Jewish Camp supports more than 150 Jewish camps throughout the US Taglit - Birthright Israel has taken over 150,000 American Jewish youth to Israel on free ten-day educational trips Hillel on the college campus has seen significant strengthening More than 100 Chabad Houses on US campuses Number of synagogues increased from 2,851 in 1936 to 3,727 in 2001
34
) Many young adults who are joining independent minyanim are drawn in part by
the commitment to traditional liturgical practices and observances.
) Reform may still be the largest Jewish denomination in America, but much of the
faith's vitality is devoted to recapturing those traditions that modernizers dismissed as relics.
36
Each dot represents 10,000 Jews Dots are randomly placed within each state
37
Each dot represents 10,000 Jews Dots are randomly placed within each state
38
6,620
655
7,830 -3,530
77,535 6,100
-6,855
3,130
-5,440
39
Percentage of Jews
63%
44%
25% 30% 20% 10% 0% Midwest South West Source: 1970: American Jewish Year Book 2010: Current Jewish Population Reports (Sheskin and Dashefsky) Northeast 12% 11% 12% 21% 13%
40
New York California Florida New Jersey Pennsylvania Illinois Massachusetts Maryland Ohio Texas Georgia Connecticut Arizona Virginia Michigan Colorado Nevada Missouri Minnesota Washington Oregon Wisconsin Washington, D.C. North Carolina Tennessee Rhode Island Kansas Indiana Louisiana Delaware Kentucky South Carolina New Mexico Maine New Hampshire Alabama Hawaii Nebraska Iowa Vermont Oklahoma Utah Alaska West Virginia Arkansas Mississippi Idaho Montana North Dakota Wyoming South Dakota
41
States with the Highest Percentage of Its Residents Who Area Jewish
3.3% 3.2% 2.9% 3.7% 4.3% 4.2% 5.1% 5.5% 8.4%
New York New Jersey Washington, D.C. Massachusetts Maryland Florida California Connecticut Nevada Pennsylvania Illinois Arizona Rhode Island Colorado Delaware Georgia Virginia Ohio Missouri Minnesota Vermont Oregon Michigan Maine New Hampshire Washington Kansas New Mexico Texas Hawaii Alaska Wisconsin Nebraska Louisiana Tennessee North Carolina Indiana Kentucky South Carolina Iowa Alabama Utah Oklahoma West Virginia Montana Wyoming Idaho North Dakota Arkansas Mississippi South Dakota
1.8% 1.7% 1.7% 1.6% 1.4% 1.3% 1.3% 1.0% 0.9% 0.9% 0.9% 0.9% 0.8% 0.8% 0.7% 0.7% 0.6% 0.6% 0.5% 0.5% 0.5% 0.4% 0.4% 0.3% 0.3% 0.3% 0.3% 0.3% 0.2% 0.2% 0.2% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.0% 0.0% 2.0%
2.3% 2.2%
States in red have Jewish members of Congress Jews are a higher percentage of voters than of the population because they are older and tend to register and vote in higher proportion
4.0%
6.0%
8.0%
10.0%
42
San Francisco Broward South Palm Beach West Palm Beach Atlanta Miami Baltimore East Bay Rockland County San Diego Bergen County Essex-Morris Phoenix Cleveland Monmouth County Las Vegas Detroit San Jose
43
Implications of Change in Geographic Distribution ) Political ) Top 4 states for Jewish population have 128 electoral votes ) Top 10 states have 246 electoral votes ) 269 electoral votes needed to win presidency ) Recall what a difference a few votes in Florida made in 2000 ) Economic ) Need to rebuild infrastructure: synagogues, JCCs, Jewish day schools ) This need to rebuild infrastructure has also been affected by movement
from urban to suburban areas
) Social ) Movement of Jews into areas with a low density of Jewish population
contributes to friendship networks that contain many non-Jews, thus increasing intermarriage
44
Electoral Votes by State - 2012
12 3 7 4 3 3 5 6 55 6 9 6 10 11 11 4 38 8 29 3 5 7 6 6 9 16 6 18 20 11 8 15 9 5 13 3 3 10 10 16 20 29 3 4 11 7 4 14 3 10 4
45
I D D D DD D D R D D D 7D D D D D D ID
D D
7D 2D
2D
Jews get elected from states in which Jews are a tiny percentage of the population
47
Atlanta 10 Atlantic County 19 Boston 10 Cleveland 9 Denver 10 Detroit 16 Las Vegas 10 Miami 10 New York 9 Philadelphia 13 Phoenix 19 San Francisco 18 Sarasota 9 Seattle 10 South Palm Beach 10 Washington 20 West Palm Beach 6
0% 6% 5%
48
49
Atlanta 10 Atlantic County 19 Baltimore 14 Boston 10 Cleveland 9 Denver 10 Detroit 16 Las Vegas 10 Los Angeles 18 Miami 10 New York 9 Philadelphia 13 Phoenix 19 San Francisco 18 Sarasota 9 Seattle 10 South Palm Beach 10 Washington 20 West Palm Beach 6
0%
50
Atlanta 10 Atlantic County 19 Baltimore 14 Denver 10 Detroit 16 Las Vegas 10 Miami 10 New York 9 Phoenix 19 Rochester 13 Sarasota 9 South Palm Beach 10 Washington 20 West Palm Beach 6
51 Trend 5: Investments of the Organized Jewish Community to Counteract the Forces of Assimilation Jewish Day School Jewish Overnight Camp Jewish Youth Group Hillel/Chabad on Campus Trips to Israel (Birthright)
52
New Data Source: The Decade 2000 Data Set ) 21 local Jewish community studies shown on next slide ) While not a random sample of all American Jews, the 19,000 interviews represent 536,000 Jewish households with 1,218,000 persons (about 20% of US Jewish households represented in this sample, but not a random sample of all American Jewish households) ) Random Digit Dialing and Distinctive Jewish Name sampling ) Contains 19,000 15-25 minutes interviews with randomly-selected households in each community ) All studies done by Sheskin from 2000-2008 Decade 2000
53
Sample Sizes of Local Jewish Community Studies That Are Part of the Decade 2000 Data Set
Atlantic County Bergen Detroit Hartford Jacksonville Las Vegas Lehigh Valley Miami Middlesex Minneapolis Portland (ME) Rhode Island San Antonio Sarasota South Palm Beach St. Paul Tidewater Tucson Washington (DC) West Palm Beach Westport 0 624 1,003 1,274 763 601 1,197 537 1,808 1,076 746 421 829 675 616 1,511 494 628 805 1,201 1,534 624 500 1,000 1,500
Decade 2000
2,000 2,500
54
Bergen New York Miami Harrisburg Cincinnati Detroit Phoenix Los Angeles Middlesex New Haven Atlanta San Diego Jacksonville Monmouth San Antonio Pittsburgh Rhode Island Tucson Columbus Tidewater Essex-Morris Lehigh Valley South Palm Beach Washington Cleveland Philadelphia Minneapolis St. Paul Broward Richmond Milwaukee St. Louis Wilmington Las Vegas Atlantic County Sarasota Hartford West Palm Beach Westport Charlotte Howard County Rochester NJPS 2000
55
80%
60%
40%
Decade 2000
22% 23%
Passover Seder
Always + Usually 53%
78%
87%
In-married
46%
74%
57%
Synagogue Member
22%
43%
Decade 2000
26%
23%
57
Philadelphia Phoenix Pittsburgh San Diego Detroit Minneapolis Howard County Cincinnati St. Paul Washington Bergen Lehigh Valley Rhode Island Charlotte Columbus San Antonio New Haven Miami Rochester Jacksonville Westport Los Angeles Milwaukee Las Vegas Wilmington Hartford Middlesex South Palm Beach West Palm Beach Atlantic County Monmouth Broward NJPS 2000
58
100%
80%
60% 49% 46% 43% 40% 38% 32% 33% 25% 24% 20% 16% 14% 31% 31%
Decade 2000
59 Households in Which an Adult Attended or Worked at a Jewish Sleep Away Camp as a Child
Correlation with Adult Jewish Behaviors (Households with Born or Raised Jewish Adults)
86% Passover Seder
Always + Usually
70%
Decade 2000
61
80%
60% 52% 48% 44% 40% 40% 39% 41% 38% 30% 49%
Decade 2000
44% 38%
28%
20%
67%
Decade 2000
Youth Group Participant Not Youth Group Participant 60% 80% 100%
80%
60%
42% 40% 39% 29% 26% 20% 23% 24% 30% 27% 25% 22%
Decade 2000
27% 29%
65
Households in Which an Adult Participated in Hillel/Chabad While in College (Excluding High Holidays)
Correlation with Adult Jewish Behaviors (Households with Born or Raised Jewish Adults Who Attended College)
89% Passover Seder
Always + Usually
71%
Decade 2000
66
83% 92%
Decade 2000
60%
80%
100%
National Jewish Population Survey 2000-01 indicates 289,000 (arrived in US post-1980) My estimate from the same study is 333,000 American Jewish Committee Study in 2000 put the number at 350,000 in New York and 35,000 in Philadelphia Overall, the Hebrew Immigrant Aid Society (HIAS) assisted more than 400,000 Soviet Jews to immigrate to the US (Not all were Jewish) HIAS estimates the current Russian-speaking population of Brooklyn at about 330,000 (cited in The Forward, April 9, 2010, p.4) Larissa Remennick in Russian Jews on Three Continents suggests 600,000-750,000 US Department of State: 598,000 Russian Jewish refugees from 1961-2001, but Department of Justice says 394,000
Based on the above, probably 400,000 - 500,000 FSU Jews nationwide today
)
Estimated $1.25 billion spent settling these people as of about 1999 by Jewish charitable agencies, synagogues, and governments
70
Religious Practices
(National Jewish Population Survey 2000-01) 67% FSU 1980+ Non-FSU
80%
57%
28%
71
Mezuzah on Front Door
Religious Practices
(Jewish Households in Decade 2000 Data Set) 60% 72% 65% 76% 70% 75% 27% 22% 15% 14% 9% 7% 5% 4% 25% 19% 0% 20% 40% 60%
Passover Seder
Always + Usually
Chanukah Candles
Always + Usually
Sabbath Candles
Always + Usually
Kosher Home
Decade 2000
FSU Non-FSU
Christmas Tree
Always + Usually + Sometimes
80%
100%
72
Jewish Identity
(Jewish Respondents in Decade 2000 Data Set)
5% Orthodox 5%
Decade 2000
FSU Non-FSU
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Note: Reconstructionist, Traditional, Jewish Humanist, and Jewish Renewal not shown
73
Synagogue Member
JCC Member
JCC Participation
Jewish Organization
Decade 2000
Couples Intermarriage Rate 0% 20% 23% 26% 40% 60% 80% FSU Non-FSU 100%
74
Decade 2000
FSU Non-FSU 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
0%
76
Place of Birth
Israeli Ancestry
Israel
North America North America Elsewhere Elsewhere Total Israeli Connected Speak Hebrew at Home Israeli Ancestry
22% Yes + 78% No Yes 54% Yes + 46% No Yes 68% Yes + 32% No Yes
77
136,476 persons
Each dot represents 140 Israeli-born persons (ACS PUMS 2006-2008) Dots are randomly placed within each state
78
Decade 2000
1 Israeli 1 American 64%
19% Orthodox 4% 28% Conservative 32% 31% 7% Reform 16% 32% 46% Just Jewish 32% 0% 20% 40% 60% 37% 14%
Decade 2000
80% 100%
Note: Reconstructionist, Traditional, Jewish Humanist, and Jewish Renewal not shown
Synagogue Member
JCC Member
Participated in a JCC Program in the Past Year 18% Jewish Organization Member 25%
31% Feel Very Much/Somewhat Part Local J Community (Respondents) 0% 20% 40% 56% 58% 54% 60%
Decade 2000
80% 100%
) )
Part I: Recent Trends in American Jewish Demography Part II: Demographic Profile of Users of the Jewish Media ) Print Media ) Internet Part III: Data Sources
83
Readership of
Sometimes 21%
Decade 2000
Never 43%
84
Charlotte - Charlotte Jewish News * Minneapolis - American Jewish World St. Paul - Twin Cities Jewish Life * Minneapolis - Twin Cities Jewish Life * St. Paul - American Jewish World Charlotte - Jewish Times Outlook Las Vegas - Jewish Reporter * Las Vegas - Israelite
85
Community
Atlantic County Bergen * Broward Buffalo Charlotte * Detroit Essex-Morris Harrisburg * Hartford Jacksonville *
Newspaper
Jewish Times of South Jersey Jewish Standard Broward Jewish Journal Buffalo Jewish Review Charlotte Jewish News and Jewish Times Outlook Detroit Jewish News MetroWest Jewish News Community Review Connecticut Jewish Ledger Jacksonville Jewish News Jewish Reporter and Las Vegas Israelite Hakol New Jersey Jewish News Milwaukee Jewish Chronicle American Jewish World and Twin Cities Jewish Life Jewish Voice Shalom New Haven
Community
Orlando Portland (ME) * Rhode Island * Richmond * San Antonio * Sarasota * Seattle * St. Petersburg * St. Louis St. Paul *
Newspaper
The Heritage The Voice Jewish Voice & Herald The Reflector Jewish Journal of San Antonio The Chronicle Seattle Jewish Transcript Jewish Press of Pinellas County St. Louis Jewish Light American Jewish World and Twin Cities Jewish Life Palm Beach Jewish Journal Southeastern Virginia Jewish News Arizona Jewish Post Washington Jewish Week Palm Beach Jewish Journal Shalom
Las Vegas * Lehigh Valley * Middlesex * Milwaukee * Minneapolis * Monmouth * New Haven *
86
Las Vegas - Las Vegas Israelite Las Vegas - Jewish Reporter * Charlotte - Jewish Times Outlook St. Paul - American Jewish World Minneapolis - American Jewish World St. Paul - Twin Cities Jewish Life * Minneapolis - Twin Cities Jewish Life * Charlotte - Charlotte Jewish News *
87
0-4 Years in Local Community 5-9 Years 10-19 Years 20+ Years
65+
47%
Decade 2000
80% 100%
88
Household with Children Household with Only Adult Children Non-Elderly Couple Non-Elderly Single Elderly Couple Elderly Single Income under $25,000 $25-$50,000 $50-$100,000 $100-$200,000 $200,000+ Orthodox Conservative Reform Just Jewish In-married Conversionary Intermarried
Decade 2000
89
Jewish Organization Member Non-Member To Jewish Day School To Supplemental School No Jewish Education To Overnight Camp Not to Overnight Camp Youth Group Participant Not Youth Group Participant Hillel/Chabad Participant Not Hillel/Chabad Participant
Decade 2000
90
Very Familiar with Federation Somewhat Familiar Not at All Familiar 17% 42%
66%
Jewish Trip to Israel General Trip to Israel Not to Israel 28% 40%
52%
Donated to Federation Asked, Did Not Donate Not Asked 18% 39%
58%
Decade 2000
80% 100%
91
Profile of Households in Which the Jewish Respondent Always/Usually Reads Local Jewish Newspaper
Length of Residence
10-19 22% 5-9 11% 0-4 Years 8% 50-64 26%
Age
35-49 18% Under 35 4%
Household Income
$25-$50 20% < $25,000 14% $200+ 12%
20+ 59%
65+ 52%
$50-$100 31%
$100-$200 23%
Decade 2000
92
Profile of Households in Which the Jewish Respondent Always/Usually Reads Local Jewish Newspaper
Jewish Identification
Conservative 43%
Kosher Home
Yes 11%
Synagogue Attendance
High Holidays Only 24% Never 15% Few Times/Yr 26% 1 Month+ 35%
Reform 33%
Decade 2000
93
Profile of Households in Which the Jewish Respondent Always/Usually Reads Local Jewish Newspaper Adult Jewish Education Used Internet in the Past Year for Jewish Info in Past Year
Yes 39% Yes 49%
Marriage Type
In-marriage 83%
No 61%
No 51%
Decade 2000
94
Profile of Households in Which the Jewish Respondent Always/Usually Reads Local Jewish Newspaper Membership Synagogue
Yes 61% Yes 21%
JCC
Jewish Organization
Yes 51%
Decade 2000
95
Profile of Households in Which the Jewish Respondent Always/Usually Reads Local Jewish Newspaper
Somewhat 30%
Decade 2000
96
Profile of Households in Which the Jewish Respondent Always/Usually Reads Local Jewish Newspaper Donated in Past Year Jewish Federation
Nothing 35% < $100 24%
Decade 2000
97
Poor 2%
Good 56%
Fair 16%
Decade 2000
98
40%
60%
80%
100%
99
Minneapolis - Twin Cities Jewish Life * Rhode Island * Orlando Atlantic County Middlesex * Harrisburg * San Antonio * St. Louis Lehigh Valley * Jacksonville * St. Petersburg *
101
San Antonio 2007 Washington 2003 Portland (ME) 2007 San Francisco 2004 Lehigh Valley 2007 Detroit 2005 St. Paul 2004 Middlesex 2008 New Haven 2010 Minneapolis 2004 Jacksonville 2002 Tucson 2002 Tidewater 2001 Las Vegas 2005 Rhode Island 2002 Bergen 2001 New York 2002 Miami 2004 West Palm Beach 2005 Westport 2000 Rochester 1999 Atlantic County 2004 Hartford 2000 South Palm Beach 2005 Sarasota 2001 NJPS 2000
102
100%
80%
60%
40%
29%
29%
20%
0%
1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2001 2002 2002 2002 2002 2003 2004 2004 2004 2004 2004 2005 2005 2005 2005 2007 2007 2007 2008 2010
103 Used the Internet for Local Jewish-Related Information in the Past Year
(Jewish Respondents) San Antonio Washington Lehigh Valley Detroit St. Paul Portland (ME) Minneapolis Las Vegas New Haven Middlesex Jacksonville Miami West Palm Beach South Palm Beach Atlantic County 0% 30% 30% 29% 27% 26% 21% 17% 17% 16% 14% 11% 9% 9% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 37% 36%
104 Visited the Local Jewish Federation Website in the Past Year
(Jewish Respondents) Lehigh Valley Portland (ME) San Antonio St. Paul Detroit Minneapolis Las Vegas Tucson New Haven Middlesex Miami West Palm Beach South Palm Beach Atlantic County 0% 13% 13% 13% 13% 12% 11% 9% 9% 8% 8% 5% 4% 3% 1% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
105
60% 58%
65+
24%
Male Female
43% 41%
Household with Children Household with Only Adult Children Non-Elderly Couple Non-Elderly Single Elderly Couple Elderly Single 0% 14% 20% 40% 32% 54% 49% 47%
61%
Decade 2000
60% 80% 100%
106
Decade 2000
80% 100%
107
To Jewish Day School To Supplemental School No Jewish Education To Overnight Camp Not to Overnight Camp Youth Group Participant Not Youth Group Participant Hillel/Chabad Participant Not Hillel/Chabad Participant Jewish Trip to Israel General Trip to Israel Not to Israel Donated to Federation Asked, Did Not Donate Not Asked Federation Non-Donor Donated under $100 Donated $100-$500 Donated $500+
Decade 2000
80% 100%
108 Used the Internet for Local Jewish-Related Information in the Past Year
(Jewish Respondents)
All 21%
36% 35%
65+
9%
Male Female
21% 20%
Household with Children Household with Only Adult Children Non-Elderly Couple Non-Elderly Single Elderly Couple Elderly Single 0% 5% 20% 11% 27% 23% 27%
37%
Decade 2000
40% 60% 80% 100%
109 Used the Internet for Local Jewish-Related Information in the Past Year
(Jewish Respondents)
All Income under $25,000 $25-$50,000 $50-$100,000 $100-$200,000 $200,000+ Orthodox Conservative Reform Just Jewish In-married Conversionary Intermarried Synagogue Member Non-Member JCC Member Non-Member Jewish Organization Member Non-Member 0% 9% 16% 26% 31% 28% 30% 24% 22% 14% 24% 37% 19% 30% 15% 34% 19% 25% 19% 20% 40% 60% 21%
Decade 2000
80% 100%
110 Used the Internet for Local Jewish-Related Information in the Past Year
(Jewish Respondents)
All To Jewish Day School To Supplemental School No Jewish Education To Overnight Camp Not to Overnight Camp Youth Group Participant Not Youth Group Participant Hillel/Chabad Participant Not Hillel/Chabad Participant Jewish Trip to Israel General Trip to Israel Not to Israel Donated to Federation Asked, Did Not Donate Not Asked Federation Non-Donor Donated under $100 Donated $100-$500 Donated $500+ 0% 21% 30% 21% 11% 31% 14% 28% 14% 33% 18% 30% 20% 17% 27% 20% 16% 16% 21% 32% 37% 20% 40% 60%
Decade 2000
80% 100%
111
Decade 2000
112
Do Both 15%
Neither 41%
Decade 2000
113
Always/Usually Read Local Jewish Newspaper and Used the Internet for Local Jewish-Related Information and in the Past Year by Age
(Jewish Respondents)
100% Newspaper Internet
Decade 2000
80%
60% 60%
40%
36%
20%
14%
114
Always/Usually Read Local Jewish Newspaper and Used the Internet for Local Jewish-Related Information in the Past Year by Income
(Jewish Respondents)
Decade 2000
80%
60% 49%
56%
54%
21% 20%
115
Always/Usually Read Local Jewish Newspaper and Used the Internet for Local Jewish-Related Information and in the Past Year by Marriage Type
(Jewish Respondents)
Decade 2000
80%
40%
39%
20%
14%
) Part I: Recent Trends in American Jewish Demography ) Part II: Demographic Profile of Users of the Jewish Media ) Part III: Data Sources for Reporters
117
) www.census.gov (US Census Bureau) ) 2010 Census ) American Community Survey ) www.jewishdatabank.org (North American Jewish Data Bank) ) www.bjpa.org (Berman Jewish Policy Archive)
118