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Кушникова
ENGLISH
FREE CONVERSATION
Учебное пособие
Москва
Издательство «Ф »
2012
УДК 811.111(075.8)
ББК 81.2Англ-923
К96
Кушникова Г.К.
К96 English. Free Conversation [Электронный ресурс] : учеб. пособие.
— 2- изд., стер. — М. : Ф , 2012. — 40 с.
ISBN 978-5-9765-0651-0
УДК 811.111(075.8)
ББК 81.2Англ-923
Учебное издание
ENGLISH
FREE CONVERSATION
Учебное пособие
Ïðåäèñëîâèå ............................................................................................. 4
3
Ïðåäèñëîâèå
5
Unit 1
Friendship
6
I can rely on him. ß ìîãó ïîëîæèòüñÿ íà íåãî.
I can trust him. ß ìîãó äîâåðÿòü åìó.
I like his company. Ìíå íðàâèòñÿ åãî êîìïàíèÿ.
He thinks the same way as I do. Îí äóìàåò òàêæå êàê è ÿ.
I can be natural with him. ß ìîãó áûòü åñòåñòâåííûì ñ íèì.
I can be myself with him. ß ìîãó áûòü ñàìèì ñîáîé ñ íèì.
I was badly let down. Ìåíÿ î÷åíü ïîäâåëè.
Thanks for helping me. Ñïàñèáî çà ïîìîùü.
8
Unit 2
Happiness
11
Unit 3
Love
14
I feel in love with him at first sight. ß âëþáèëàñü â íåãî
ñ ïåðâîãî âçãëÿäà.
My heart melts when I see him. Ìîå ñåðäöå òàåò, êîãäà
ÿ âèæó åãî.
I am swimming in love. ß íà âåðøèíå áëàæåíñòâà
îò ëþáâè.
He was over head and ear in love. Îí áûë ïî óøè âëþáëåí.
He simply adores me. Îí ìåíÿ ïðîñòî îáîæàåò.
I loved him warmly and sincerely. ß ëþáèëà åãî ãîðÿ÷î è
ïðåäàííî.
I loved him tenderly. ß íåæíî ëþáèëà åãî.
She made eyes at him. Îíà ñòðîèëà åìó ãëàçêè.
It was love at first sight. Ýòî áûëà ëþáîâü
ñ ïåðâîãî âçãëÿäà.
It was her first love. Ýòî áûëà åå ïåðâàÿ
ëþáîâü.
It was mutual love. Ýòî áûëà âçàèìíàÿ
ëþáîâü.
I have done with her. ß ïîðâàë ñ íåé.
He never had any feeling for her. Ó íåãî íèêîãäà íå áûëî
ê íåé íèêàêîãî ÷óâñòâà.
I’ve fallen out of love. ß óæå ðàçëþáèë.
15
Unit 4
smoker êóðèëüùèê
tobacco òàáàê
cigarette ñèãàðåòà
cigarette lighter çàæèãàëêà
nicotine íèêîòèí
lung cancer ðàê ëåãêîãî
to calm one’s nerves óñïîêîèòü íåðâû
to give up smoking áðîñèòü êóðèòü
drinker ïüþùèé, ïüÿíèöà
to drink heavily (hard) ïèòü ñèëüíî
to drink moderately ïèòü óìåðåííî
to get drunk ñòàòü ïüÿíûì
drunkenness ïüÿíñòâî
in the state of drunkenness ñïüÿíó
alcohol àëêîãîëü, ñïèðò
alcoholic àëêîãîëèê
alcoholism àëêîãîëèçì
to prohibit alcohol (drugs) çàïðåòèòü àëêîãîëü (íàðêîòèêè)
prohibition çàïðåùåíèå
sale of alcohol ïðîäàæà àëêîãîëÿ
addict íàðêîìàí
addiction ñêëîííîñòü, ïàãóáíàÿ
ïðèâû÷êà
16
Speech Patterns
17
It calms your nerves.
You like to have something in your hand or mouth.
You like the smell of tobacco.
Smoking makes you more relaxed when you are with other people.
4. What do you think of smokers?
Do they think it is their own business?
Do smokers care about others?
Do they think smoking is dangerous for a person who lives in the
same flat with a smoker?
Do you think smoking in the office is polite?
5. Alcohol has been proved to have harmful effects on our mental
and physical health. Is this a good reason for prohibiting the sale
of alcohol?
6. Are there the laws on the selling and drinking alcohol in our
country? Are these laws satisfactory?
What changes would you like to see in these laws?
What effect do the laws have on the way people drink?
7. Some parents teach their children that they must never have a
drink. They tell them that if a person once begins to drink he will
never be able to stop. Are they right?
What would you teach your own children about alcohol?
Are there any good ways of introducing young people to alcohol?
At what age should young people be allowed to drink wine?
8. Can alcohol help people to relax and enjoy life? How?
Has alcohol any good features? What are they?
Does it make us more relaxed when we communicate with other
people?
9. Express your attitude to the women who drink alcohol too much.
10. Is it possible to drink in a civilized way?
What is your idea of good drinking habits?
Would you criticize the drinking habits of people in your country?
11. Express your attitude to the using of drugs by some young people.
Is the using of drugs addiction?
Are addicts ill people?
18
Unit 5
Family Life
to affect âëèÿòü íà
to grow up ðàñòè, ñòàíîâèòüñÿ âçðîñëûì
to avoid èçáåãàòü
to bring up âîñïèòûâàòü
to pay attention to îáðàùàòü âíèìàíèå
too much attention ñëèøêîì ìíîãî âíèìàíèÿ
to spoil a child èñïîðòèòü ðåáåíêà
a spoilt child èñïîð÷åííûé ðåáåíîê
the only child åäèíñòâåííûé ðåáåíîê
to depend on çàâèñåòü îò
dependent on his parents çàâèñèìûé îò ñâîèõ ðîäèòåëåé
independent íåçàâèñèìûé
the relation between parents îòíîøåíèå ìåæäó ðîäèòåëÿìè
and children è äåòüìè
working mother ðàáîòàþùàÿ ìàòü
unmarried mothers ìàòåðè — îäèíî÷êè
housewife äîìîõîçÿéêà
teenage children (teenagers) ïîäðîñòêè
peace and calm ìèð è ñïîêîéñòâèå
nervous íåðâíûé
hysterical èñòåðè÷íûé
gentle ìÿãêèé
to be depressed íàõîäèòüñÿ â óãíåòåííîì
ñîñòîÿíèè (â äåïðåññèè)
Speech Patterns
19
I am single. ß íå æåíàò (íå çàìóæåì).
I am married. ß æåíàò (çàìóæåì).
She is a middle-aged person. Îíà — ñðåäíèõ ëåò.
He looks like his father. Îí ïîõîæ íà îòöà.
I love my parents dearly. ß î÷åíü ëþáëþ ñâîèõ
ðîäèòåëåé.
I have some household duties. Ó ìåíÿ åñòü îáÿçàííîñòè
ïî äîìó.
Once a week I help my mother Ðàç â íåäåëþ ÿ ïîìîãàþ
about the house. ìàìå ïî äîìó.
1. Do you agree with the statement that nothing affects achild’s char-
acter so much as the home in which he grows up?
In what different ways is a child affected when:
he grows up in a large family;
he is the only child;
his mother goes out to work;
his parents are separated;
his parents are always nervous and bad-tempered?
2. Does it make any difference to a person’s character whether he
grows up in a big family or in a small one (or as the only child)?
3. Do you agree with all these statements about big families?
A big family teaches a child to look after himself.
It teaches him to look after other people.
It makes him selfish.
No one can have peace and calm in a big family.
No one can be alone and everyone needs to be alone some-
times.
A big family gives the parents a full, happy life.
4. Can parents of only one or two children be closer to them, love
them more, help them more?
If this is true, is it always a good thing?
5. How many children would you want to have? Why?
20
6. What help is given in our country by the state or by the town to:
a) people who have very big family?
b) unmarried mothers?
Do these people get enough help?
7. What are the special problems of these parents:
a) young parents with their first child?
b) parents of teenage children?
c) widows?
8. What causes conflicts between parents and children in families that
you know?
Could these conflicts be avoided?
9. When are most parents closest to their children in our country?
When the children:
a) haven’t yet gone to school?
b) are in the elementary school?
c) are in high school?
d) have left school?
10. At present many mothers work and are away from home all day.
How does this affect her and her family?
Would it be better for the family to have less money but have the
mother at home?
11. Speak about your idea of an ideal family.
21
Unit 6
A House — a Home
Speech Patterns
25
Unit 7
Teenagers
27
Isn’t it possible for them to meet in their own homes or in teen-
age clubs or teenage bars?
4. Teenage girls are often shut inside their homes by their parents to
keep them away from their boy-friends. What do you think of it?
Should parents ever restrict their children in such way?
Should a parent know everything what his child does, or has a
child a right to a private life?
5. Do teenagers in our country have too much freedom?
If your parents had said to you when you were 16, “you are old
enough to know what is best for you. You can do whatever you
think best.” — What would you have done?
6. Why is it so often difficult for teenagers to talk to their parents
about their problems?
Can parents help teenagers with their problems?
How should parents try to get into contact with their teenage
children?
Should they try to share their children’s interests, popular mu-
sic, for instance?
Do many teenagers get upset, depressed when they can’t solve
their problems?
7. Would you agree that these are some of the important problems of
teenagers?
“Who am I?”
“I’m bored.”
“They don’t understand me”
“People are laughing at me.”
“I don’t know what to do.”
“I won’t do what they tell me.”
“I haven’t got any good friends.”
“Most boys of my age have girlfriends. But I can’t speak to the
girl I really like. I think she is the best and smartest one in our
group, but very independent and good-looking, too. So I’m
depressed about it.”
8. Some teenagers try to be different from other people. They wear
strange clothes or have strange habits. Why?
9. When you were a teenager, did you have your problems at home,
at school or with other teenagers?
Were you happy to be a teenager, or were you waiting to be 21?
28
What did you rebel against at home and at school?
What were you most afraid of?
10. Are there any organizations that really help teenagers?
Are they popular with teenagers?
Do the people of our town care about teenagers?
Does our town spend enough money on teenagers?
11. Have teenagers in our country got any chance to express them-
selves in magazines, teenage newspapers, etc.?
12. Read the proverbs given below, interpret and remember them.
— Actions speak louder than words.
Íå ïî ñëîâàì ñóäÿò, à ïî äåëàì.
— All is well that ends well.
Âñå õîðîøî, ÷òî õîðîøî çàêàí÷èâàåòñÿ.
— If you run after two hares, you will catch neither.
Çà äâóìÿ çàéöàìè ïîãîíèøüñÿ — íè îäíîãî íå ïîéìàåøü.
— Tastes differ.
Íà âêóñ è öâåò òîâàðèùåé íåò.
— There is no accounting for tastes.
Î âêóñàõ íå ñïîðÿò.
— Strike while the iron is hot.
Êóé æåëåçî, ïîêà ãîðÿ÷î.
29
Unit 8
Education
Speech Patterns
32
9. At present the system of secondary and higher education in Russia
is going through a transitional period, isn’t it?
All secondary schools, institutes and universities until recently
have been funded by the state. But now there is a number of pri-
vate fee-paying primary and secondary schools. Some institutes
have fee-paying departments. What do you think of it?
10. Read the proverbs. Try to give your interpretation to them.
— It is never late to learn.
Ó÷èòüñÿ íèêîãäà íå ïîçäíî.
— Four eyes see more than two.
Óì — õîðîøî, à äâà — ëó÷øå.
— A good beginning makes a good ending.
Ëèõà áåäà íà÷àëî.
— Live and learn.
Âåê æèâè — âåê ó÷èñü.
— First think, then speak.
Ñíà÷àëà ïîäóìàé — çàòåì ãîâîðè.
— An hour in the morning is worth two in the evening.
Óòðî âå÷åðà ìóäðåíåå.
— To know everything is to know nothing.
Çíàòü âñå — çíà÷èò, íå çíàòü íè÷åãî.
33
Unit 9
37
Unit 10
Crime
39
He hates work.
He is cruel.
4. What might be some reasons for a person committing a crime for
the first time?
5. Are these factors important causes of crime?
poverty
bad housing
drinking
taking drugs
unemployment
differences between the rich and the poor
6. What do you think of these:
Is a child likely to become a criminal if no one in his home shows
him love?
How can a child learn at home to care about other people?
Is a spoilt child likely to become a criminal?
Is a child whose parents are too severe also likely to become a
criminal?
7. Where and how does a child learn the difference between right and
wrong?
What effect will it have on a child if his parents are not honest, if
they don’t tell the truth, if they don’t care about other people?
8. What effect do American crime films have on our children, teen-
agers and our people?
9. Should criminals be sent to prison?
What else should society do to them?
Does a person stop committing a crime if he knows that he will
be punished for it?
In some countries the punishment for murder is death. What do
you think of it? What effect does it have?
10. If you believe that a law is wrong, what should you do?
11. What do you think of a young man who refuses to join the army?
40