ASCOT Research International Journal, Volume 3, December 2010

GUIDE IN WRITING THE MANUSCRIPT FOR SUBMISSION TO ASCOT INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH JOURNAL ISSN 1656-7493 1. ASCOT Research International Journal is a peer-reviewed publication published annually by the Aurora State College of Technology 3200 Brgy. Zabali, Baler, Aurora Philippines in fields of forestry and environmental sciences, agriculture and aquatic sciences, engineering, information technology, education, tourism, social sciences and all other related fields. Original and primary results of research are the priority for publication and should state new ideas, innovations, discovery and important academic findings to resolve human and environmental problems. Review manuscript/paper can also be accepted depending on its impact and usefulness to the readers. The manuscript should not have been published nor submitted to any other journals for possible publication. 2. The submission should and always be in electronic form as an e-mail attachment. The text, tables and figures should be in a separate page and not included in the text. 3. The manuscript can be submitted to ascotbaler@hotmail.com and/or to tikz15@yahoo.com. A manuscript number will be e-mailed back to the corresponding author same day or within 96 hours. 4. The manuscript to be submitted must have cover letter indicating the corresponding authors full address and telephone/fax numbers and should be in an e-mail message sent to the Editor, with the file, whose name should begin with the first authors surname. Types of Manuscript to be submitted: 1. Regular Manuscript- Should described original and new research findings, the experimental procedures should be stated in sufficient and clear details so that the readers can verify the research findings. 2. Reviews- These refer to the topics which are of current interest and may contribute sufficient knowledge and applicable recommendations to support a certain research finding. Reviews should be concised and no longer than 5 pages. Submitted reviews should also be subjected to peer-review. 3. Short communications-This refers to the results of complete small
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ASCOT Research International Journal, Volume 3, December 2010

investigations or giving details of new models or hypothesis, innovative methods, techniques or apparatus. The style of the main sections need not to conform to that of full-length manuscripts ranging from 2-4 pages in length. Format of the Manuscript to be Submitted: The manuscript to be submitted should be written following the format as indicated below: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Title Abstract Introduction Materials and Methods Results Discussion Acknowledgements

Title. It should be brief phrase describing the contents of the manuscript. The authors full name should be included including the affiliations. The corresponding author should indicate his/her contact number, fax and e-mail information. Abstract. This portion should be informative, briefly present the topic, state the scope of the experiment, indicate the significant data and point out major findings and conclusions. The abstract should only have a maximum of 300 words in length. Complete sentences, active verbs, and the third person should be used. The abstract should be written in the past tense. Standard nomenclature should be used and abbreviations should be avoided. No references should be cited in the abstract. Three key words should be listed following the abstract for indexing purposes. Introduction. This part states the clear statement of the problem, the relevant literature on the subject and the proposed approach or solution. The reason and appropriate background why the study has been conducted is usually the final statement in this portion. Materials and Methods. This part contains the specific step by step procedures how the research has been conducted. Original procedures should be described in
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ASCOT Research International Journal, Volume 3, December 2010

detail including the instruments being used. Capitalize trade names and include the manufacturers name and address. Previously published procedures should be cited, and important modifications of published procedures should be mentioned briefly. Results. It should be presented with clarity and precision and in the past tense. Previously published findings should be written in the present tense. Results should be explained, but largely without referring to the literature. Discussion, speculation and detailed interpretation of data should not be included in the results but should be put into the discussion. Discussion should contain the interpretation of the findings in view of the results gathered. Conclusions and recommendations can also be stated at the end section. Acknowledgement. This section states the persons to be thanked, the funding agency who gave financial assistance to carry out the research and all other institutions and individuals who have contributions in the conducted research. Tables should be typed double-spaced throughout including headings and footnotes. Each table should be on a separate page, numbered consecutively in Arabic numerals and supplied with a heading and a legend. It should be self explanatory without reference to the text. The details of the methods used in the experiments should preferably be described in the legend instead of in the text. The same data should not be presented in both table and graph form or repeated in the text. Figure legends should be typed in numerical order on a separate sheet. Graphics should be prepared using applications capable of generating high resolutions such as JPEG or powerpoint before pasting in the Microsoft Word manuscript file. Tables should be prepared in Microsoft Word. Use Arabic numerals to designate figures and upper case letters for their parts. Begin each legend with the title and include sufficient description so that the figure is understandable without reading the text of the manuscript. Information given in the legends should not be repeated in the text. Line drawing should be of good quality and should not exceed 8 1/2 x 11 size of paper, with clearly legible inscriptions, even if reduced to 75% of their size.
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ASCOT Research International Journal, Volume 3, December 2010

Photographs/Illustrations. Should be original and not photocopies, trimmed at right angles and in the final size desired by the author. All plants and animals to be cited must be identified by the scientific binomen. Mathematical equations should be clearly presented so that they can be interpreted properly. Obscure primes, symbols and dots must be brought to the attention of the printer. Distinguish very clearly number 1 and letter l. Use fractional exponents instead of root signs and the solidus (/) for fractions whenever their use will save vertical space. All equations must be numbered sequentially in Arabic numerals in parentheses on the right-hand side of the equations. References. In the text of the manuscript, a reference identified by means of an authors name should be followed by the date of the reference in parenthesis. When there are more than two authors, only the first authors name should be mentioned, followed by et al. In the event that an author cited has had two or more article published during the same year, the reference, both in the text and in the reference list, should be identified by a lower case letter like a and b after the date to distinguish the works. Examples: Alulod (1998), Fontanos et al. (2003) (San Pedro, 2005), (Gorospe & Gonzales, 2009), (Picart, 2008;Bolivar,2007a,b;Angara, 2001,2002), (Cabatan et al., 2001). References should be listed at the end of the paper in alphabetical order and should be cited as follows: 1. Journal papers- Name/s and initial/s of the author/s, year of publication, full title, name of the journal, volume number and the first and last page numbers. Example: Rotaquio, Jr., E. L. (2009). Institutional Policies of ASCOT and its Implementation. Journal of International Law and Policy, Volume 5: 171-181.

ASCOT Research International Journal, Volume 3, December 2010

2. Books- Name/s of author/s, year of publication, full title of the article, last name of editor then the title of the book, edition, place of publication, publisher and page number/s. Example: Ducha, J. & Tecuico, S. (2007). Tannin Content in Coco Fiber. In Clarke, G.C.S & Duckett, J.G. (eds), Coconut: A Tree of Life, Baler, Aurora Philippines, Springer: 157 pp. 3. Journal article published online but not yet in print: Example: Gallego, R. J., Escueta, S. C. & Agbayani, E. A. (2009). Ecology of Pterocarpus indicus. Ecological Research. (in press). DOI:10.1016/j.ympev.2009.12.13. Footnotes in the text should be numbered consecutively. Footnotes to the title or authors of the articles are marked by asterisks and placed on the title page. For inquiries please call +639193693389/+639294444087. You may submit also your manuscript to:
EUTIQUIO L. ROTAQUIO, JR. Ph. D. Editor-In-Chief Research and Development Office, Aurora State College of Technology Brgy. Zabali, Baler 3200, Aurora Philippines

Published by: Aurora State College of Technology (ASCOT), Research and Development Office, Brgy. Zabali, Baler, Aurora 3200 Philippines. December 2010

ASCOT Research International Journal, Volume 3, December 2010

SUBMISSION FORM Title:_____________________________________________________________ Author/s: Corresponding Author:_________________________________________ Address:____________________________________________________ Tel./MobileNo:________________________ E-mail:_______________________ Kindly list down the names of at least three individuals who may be appropriate reviewers of your submitted manuscript. Suggested reviewers will be used at the Editorial Boards discretion. Name Affiliation Tel. No./Fax No./E-mail __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ For easy reference, kindly list down a maximum of five keywords that describe the content of your manuscript. __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Author Certification: I certify that this manuscript is original and not previously published and/or submitted to other journal for publication. I further certify that all the authors, if any, have agreed to the submission of this manuscript to the journal. _____________________________ Signature Over Printed Name ______________________________ Date

ASCOT Research International Journal, Volume 3, December 2010

EDITORIAL BOARD
EUTIQUIO L. ROTAQUIO, JR. Ph. D.
Editor-In-Chief

ASOCIATE EDITORS EVI Q. FONTANOS, Ph. D.

Agriculture/Horticulture

AMELIA A. PICART, Ph. D.

Education/Psychology

SHIRLEY N. SAN PEDRO, Ph. D.

Agriculture

EDUARDO F. MACOSE, Ph. D.

Organizational Development

For. RB J. GALLEGO
GIS/Forestry

For. AFED S. DAIWEY

Climate Change/Forestry

JOY KRISTINE DL. SAGABAIN

Editorial Assistant/Education

For. KRISTIAN JB D. TEOSO

Editorial Assistant/Forestry

BENSON M. RAMOS
Editorial Assistant/Forestry

EFREN A. AGBAYANI
Editorial Assistant/Forestry

PAUL D. WATTS Ph. D. OSCAR T. VALLEJO, Ph. D.

Consultant

GERARDO S. RILLON EUSEBIO V. ANGARA, Ph. D.

Consultant

ASCOT Research International Journal, Volume 3, December 2010

INTERNATIONAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE/REFEREES:

LUCHMAN HAKIM Ph. D. Department of Biology, FMIPA, Brawijaya University Malang 65145, East Java, Indonesia JHONAMIE A. MABUHAY, Ph. D. Biology Department, College of Natural Sciences and Mathematics Mindanao State University-Main Campus, Marawi City, Lanao del Sur, Philippines EUTIQUIO L. ROTAQUIO, JR. Ph. D. Department of Forestry & Environmental Sciences Aurora State College of Technology Baler, Aurora Philippines FANHUA KONG, Ph. D. Department of Urban and Resource Sciences Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093 Peoples Republic of China PAUL D. WATTS Ph. D. Aurora Marine Research and Development Institute ASCOT, Zabali, Baler 3200, Aurora Philippines For. RB J. GALLEGO Department of Forestry & Environmental Sciences Aurora State College of Technology Baler, Aurora Philippines For. AFED S. DAIWEY Department of Forestry & Environmental Sciences Aurora State College of Technology Baler, Aurora Philippines KIM JAE-EUN Ph. D. Mokpo National University, 61 Dorim-Ri, Cheonggy-Myeon, Muan-Gun Jeonnam 534-729 South Korea For. MICHELLE A. RESUEO Department of Forestry and Environmental Sciences Aurora State College of Technology Baler 3200 Aurora Philippines JOHANNA PAULA DIWA-ACALLAR United Nations for Training & Research, Hiroshima Office for Asia & the Pacific 5th Floor, Hiroshima Chamber of Commerce & Industry Bldg. 5-44 Hiroshima City, Japan EUSEBIO V. ANGARA, Ph. D. Aurora State College of Technology Baler 3200 Aurora Philippines SILVESTRE C. ESCUETA, Ph. D. Department of Forestry and Environmental Sciences Aurora State College of Technology Baler 3200 Aurora Philippines RAJANI PRADHAN, Ph. D. Himalayan College of Agricultural Sciences & Technology Gattanghar, Bhaktapun, Nepal