Model Question Paper Subject Code: BC5901 Subject Name: Artificial Intelligence Credits: 4 Marks: 140

Part A (One mark questions)

1. Artificial Intelligence (AI) is one of the newest disciplines, formally initiated in __________ when the name was coined. A) 1986 B) 1956 C) 1995 D) 1990 2. Which of the following principle of AI is the physical symbol system hypothesis? A) Second principle B) First principle C) Third principle D) None of the above 3. DARPA stands for A) Defense Advanced Research Project Agency B) Defense Advanced Research Project Association

C) Defense Advanced Real Project Agency D) Defense Advanced Regular Project Agency 4. In Tic-Tac-Toe, the board can be represented as an array _____ cell. A) Six B) nine C) ten D) four 5. The concept of______________ Search is widely used in Artificial Intelligence. A) Production system B) Inference rules C) State Space D) Actions 6. _______________ searches are performed by exploring all nodes at a given depth before proceeding to the next level. A) Depth-second B) Breadth-second C) Depth-first D) Breadth-first 7. ________________ performs structure elucidation in organic chemistry based on data from a mass spectrometer which bombards chemical samples with electrons, breaking atomic bonds. A) Dendral B) Generator

C) Plateau D) None of the above 8. _______________ is a variant of generate-and-test in which feedback from the test procedure is used to help the generator decide which direction to move in the search space. A) META-DENDRAL B) Hill climbing C) Annealing D) Open 9. ____________ is a kind of best-first search where the cost function f(n) = g(n) + h'(n). A) A* B) B* C) C* D) D* 10. ____________________ is the ability to manipulate the knowledge represented to produce new knowledge corresponding to that inferred from the original A) Inferential Efficiency B) Acquisition Efficiency C) Inferential Adequacy D) Acquired Efficiency 11. _______________ is the symbolic representation of aspects of some named universe of discourse. A) Knowledge

B) Objects C) Power D) Prolog 12. The collection of long-term knowledge is often called a ___________________. A) knowledge Value B) knowledge base C) knowledge Pillar D) None of the above 13. FOPL stands for A) First Order Past Logic B) Fast Order Pre Logic C) First Order Predicate Logic D) First Order Predicate Level 14. ____________________ is the process of removing existential quantifiers by elimination. A) Resolution B) Skolemization C) Function D) None of the above 15. ___________________is the earlier expert system. A) MYFAN B) MYCAN

C) MYCIN D) MYCAR 16. A _____________ is a collection of attributes or slots and associated values that describe some real world entity. A) frame B) net C) reification D) None of the above 17. _______________networks are an alternative to predicate logic as a form of knowledge representation. A) meta B) node C) Semantic D) None of the above 18. Which of the following is a correct disadvantage of frame? A) It is possible to quantify over slots B) It is not possible to quantify over properties C) It is not possible to quantify over slots D) Slot fillers must not be real data. 19. CD is a content theory of how to represent simple sentences. Since it was created by ______________. A) Roger Schank

B) Robert C) Daniel D) Miechal 20. A ______________is a structure that prescribes a set of circumstances which could be expected to follow on from one another. A) move B) primitive C) script D) None of the above 21. Many states, such as HEALTH, have VALUES that range from __________________. A) -1 to 10 B) -10 to 100 C) -10 to 10 D) 0 to 40 22. _______________ is an Expert system for recommending medical screening tests. A) FTD xard B) STD Wizbird C) STD Wizard D) None of the above 23. The acceptability of an expert system depends to a great extent on the quality of the ________________. A) user work load

B) user interface C) user ability D) user dress 24. The most important ingredient in any expert system is_______________. A) Knowledge B) Rules C) Interface D) Goal 25. The ____________________is the AI language and representation expert. A) civil engineer B) meta dendral C) Knowledge engineer D) None of the above 26. MYCIN operated using a fairly simple inference engine, and a knowledge base of about ___________ rules. A) 900 B) 600 C) 100 D) 200 27. The first essential component of knowledge engineering is a large _____________________. A) heuristic dendral

B) generator C) knowledge base D) Special Knowledge 28. _________________ is a key necessity for learning. A) Memorisation B) Representation C) Generalisation D) Activity 29. ____________________ is a system that uses production rules to represent its knowledge. A) SOAR B) REQUEST C) MACROP D) SURE 30. _______________learning involves the process of learning by example. A) Chunking B) Explanation C) Inductive D) Analogy 31. ______________ are the perceptual interface between robots and their environment. A) Printers B) Hard disks

C) Converters D) None of the above 32. ________________is the science and technology of robots, and their design, manufacture, and application. A) Roborology B) Robodynamics C) Robotics D) Robo 33. RIA stands for A) Robotics Institute of Australia B) Robotics International America C) Robotics Inventors Association D) Robotics Institute of America 34. _______________is a general purpose language associated with artificial intelligence and computational linguistics. A) Fortran B) Visual Basics C) Assembler D) Prolog 35. _______________is the fundamental data structure in Prolog. A) Track B) Predicate

C) Term D) Trick 36. The algorithm for prolog's matching process is based on the ____________ algorithm proposed for automated theorem proving. A) modification B) Running C) multification D) unification 37. Propositional logic deals with the determination of the ___________ of the sentence. A) Syntax B) Truth C) Semanties D) Logic 38. _____________ was really the first expert shell developed form MYCIN. A) B) C) D) EMYCIN Drools Dendral MQL 4

39. A formula is _____ if it is true under some interpretation. A) B) C) Valid Invalid Consistent

D)

Complete

40. The name Prolog is short for _____ A) B) C) D) PROduction LOGic PROpositional LOGic PROgramming in LOGic PROcedural LOGic

Part B (Two mark questions)

41. Which of the following statements are true? i) Artificial Intelligence is the area of Electrical focusing on creating machines that can engage on behaviors that humans consider intelligent. ii) AI is the part of computer science concerned with designing intelligent computer systems. iii) AI is the study and creation of conventional computer systems. iv)AI began to emerge as a separate field of study during 1940s and 1950s when the computer became a commercial reality. A) i and iii B) i, ii and iii C) ii and iv D) ii and iii 42. Which of the following statements are true? 1. Production systems may vary on the expressive power of conditions in production rules.

2. Rule interpreters generally execute a backward chaining. 3. The actions of productions are manipulations to working memory. 4. OPS8 may be viewed as a full-fledged programming language for production system programming. A) 1 and 3 B) 1,2 and 4 C) 2 and 4 D) 2 and 3 43. The ______________ANNEALING algorithm is based upon the physical process which occurs in metallurgy where metals are heated to_________temperatures and are then cooled. A) SIMULATED, low B) SIMULATED, high C) SIMULATED, moderate D) SIMULATED, very low 44. The simplest way of storing facts is to use a _____________ method where each fact about a set of ____________is set out systematically in columns. A) rational ,objects B) rational ,tables C) relational ,tables D) relational ,objects 45. _____________ is a syntactic inference procedure which, when applied to a set of ___________, determines if the set is unsatisfiable. A) Resolution, clauses

B) Logic, clauses C) Logic, clauses D) Interpretation, semantics 46. The _______________ associated with slots provide a good way to associate knowledge with a class of ____________. A) procedures, networks B) properties, objects C) procedures, objects D) principles, networks 47. ____________refers to the construction of a mental concept and it frequently uses ______________ as an instrumental action. A) SPEAK, ATTEND B) MBUILD , POSSES C) MBUILD , ATTEND D) SPEAK, WALK 48. Which of the following are correct as applied to the Architectural Principles for Expert Systems? i. Keep inference engine complex ii. Knowledge is power iii. Expert systems need to be transparent iv. Expert systems should not be flexible A) i and iii

B) i, ii and iii C) ii and iv D) ii and iii 49. Which of the following statements are true? i) Expert systems are expensive to develop. ii) he Meta Dendral is a performance system and Heuristic-Dendral is a learning system. iii) MYCIN selects drugs only on the basis of the identity of offending organisms. iv) The Dendral team recruited Carl Djerassi to refine Feigenbaums Lisp program. A) i and iv B) i and iii C) ii and iv D) ii and iii 50. Which are two methods of analogical problem methods studied in AI? A) Transformational Analogy and parallel analogy B) Direct analogy and parallel analogy C) Derivational Analogy and Direct analogy D) Transformational Analogy and Derivational Analogy 51. Which of the following statements are true? i) Telemanipulators are remotely controlled machines which usually consist of an arm and a gripper. ii) Many mobile robots make use of range finders, which measure distance to nearby objects. iii) The second important class of sensors are imaging sensors.

iv) Sensors are the means by which robots manipulate the environment, move and change the shape of their bodies. A) i and iii B) i, ii and iii C) ii and iv D) ii and iii 52. Two additional features of Prolog are __________and _____________. A) Arithmetic, lists B) Operation, lists C) Calculations, functions D) Calculations, facts 53. A knowledge representation system will include A) Ways to store knowledge B) Ways to add new knowledge C) Ways to query the knowledge D) All of these 54. State True (T) or False (F) a. b. Every expert system consists of two principal parts. The knowledge base of expert systems contains only factual but not heuristic knowledge

A) aT, bF B) aF, bT C) aF, bF D) aT, bT

55. A) B) C) D)

Which of the following significant programs are developed by DARPA? Development of an autonomous land vehicle Development of a pilots associate The strategic computing program All the above

56. What are the two types of discovery? A) B) C) D) Theory driven and Data driven Domain driven Generalisation Both B) and C)

57. State True (T) or False (F) a. b. For simple problem, exhaustive generate and test is often reasonable technique For problem which are much harder in nature, even heuristic generate-and-test is not a very effective technique A) B) C) D) aF, bT aT, bT aT, bF aF, bF

58. State True (T) or False (F)

a. b. A) B) C) D)

In prolog facts must end with coma. Prolog is the major example of first generation programming language.

aT, bT aF, bT aF, bF aT, bF

59. Properties of a good generator is/are a. b. c. A) B) C) D) Only a b and c a and b a, b, c Completeness non-redundant Informed

60. Which of the following significant programs are developed by DARPA? A) B) C) D) Development of an autonomous land vehicle Development of a pilots associate The strategic computing program All the above

Part C (Four mark questions)

61. Match the following a) Norbert Wiener b) John von Neumann c) Claude Shannon d) Marvin Minsky A) a-iii, b-i, c-iv, d-ii B) a-ii, b-i, c-iv, d-iii C) a-iii, b-i, c-ii ,d-iv D) a-i, b-iii, c-iv, d-ii 62. State whether the following statements are True (T) or False (F) a) Depth-first searches are performed by diving upward into a tree as quickly as possible. b) The space complexity of Depth-First search is O(d) since only the path from the starting node to the current node need to be stored. c) Heuristics is a rule of thumb or judgmental technique that leads to a solution some of the time but provides no guarantee of success d) Heuristics plays an important role in search strategies because of the exponential nature of most problems. A) a-T, b-F, c-T, d-F i. Game theory ii. Frames iii. Cybernetics iv. Information theory

B) a-F, b-F, c-T, d-T C) a-F, b-T, c-F, d-T D) a-T, b-T, c-F, d-F 63. Match the following a) Good generator b) DENDRAL c) Ridges d) Best First Search A) a-iii, b-i, c-iv, d-ii B) a-ii, b-i, c-iv, d-iii C) a-iii, b-i, c-ii ,d-iv D) a-i, b-iii, c-iv, d-ii 64. Match the following a) Events b) Reasoning c) Learning d) Factual Data A) a-iii, b-i, c-iv, d-ii B) a-ii, b-i, c-iv, d-iii C) a-iii, b-i, c-ii ,d-iv D) a-i, b-iii, c-iv, d-ii i. Infers facts from existing data. ii. Acquiring knowledge iii. Actions that occur in our world iv. Known facts about the world i. Determining unknown molecular structures ii. Combination of depth first and breadth first searches iii. Completeness iv. Can have steeply sloping sides

65. Match the following a) People b) Parent c) Prime d) One-more-than A) a-iii, b-i, c-iv, d-ii B) a-ii, b-i, c-iv, d-iii C) a-iii, b-i, c-ii ,d-iv D) a-i, b-iii, c-iv, d-ii 66. State whether the following statements are True (T) or False (F) a) A frame cannot represent an individual object or a class of similar objects b) Partitioned Semantic Networks is an extension to Semantic nets that overcome a few problems or extend their expression of knowledge. c) Frames are good for applications in which deep deductions are made from a few principles. d) Frames can also be regarded as an extension to Semantic nets. A) a-T, b-F, c-T, d-F B) a-F, b-F, c-T, d-T C) a-T, b-T, c-F, d-F D) a-F, b-T, c-F, d-T 67. Match the following a) ATRANS i. Refers to a transfer of possession i. Relations ii. Objects iii. Functions iv. Properties

b) PTRANS c) MTRANS d) PROPEL A) a-iii, b-i, c-iv, d-ii B) a-ii, b-i, c-iv, d-iii C) a-iii, b-i, c-ii ,d-iv D) a-i, b-iii, c-iv, d-ii 68. Match the following a) Dendral b) CADUCEUS c) Drools d) PyKe A) a-iii, b-i, c-iv, d-ii B) a-ii, b-i, c-iv, d-iii C) a-iii, b-i, c-ii ,d-iv D) a-i, b-iii, c-iv, d-ii 69. Match the following a) CULRULES b) ORGRULES c) PRCULRULES d) THERULES

ii. Refers to the application of force to an object iii. Refers to a transfer of physical location iv. Refers to the transmission of an IDEA

i. Blood-borne infectious bacteria ii. Analysis of mass spectra iii. A knowledge-based inference engine iv. An open source offering from JBOSS labs

i. Rules that may be applied to any culture ii. Rules that store information regarding drugs of choice iii. Rules that may be applied to any organism iv. Rules that may be applied only to prior cultures

A) a-iii, b-i, c-iv, d-ii B) a-ii, b-i, c-iv, d-iii C) a-iii, b-i, c-ii ,d-iv D) a-i, b-iii, c-iv, d-ii 70. State whether the following statements are True (T) or False (F) a. McCarthy showed that derivational analogy is a necessary component in the transfer of skills in complex domains. b. A domain theory a set of ideas that describe relationships between objects and actions in a domain. c. When SOAR detects are useful sequence of firings, it creates chunks. d. Discovery is a restricted form of learning in which one entity acquires knowledge without the help of a teacher. A) a-T, b-F, c-T, d-F B) a-F, b-F, c-T, d-T C) a-F, b-T, c-F, d-T D) a-T, b-T, c-F, d-F 71. Match the following a) Cog b) Wabot-I c) Unimate d) Range finders A) a-iii, b-i, c-iv, d-ii i. Japan ii. First digitally operated and programmable robot, iii. MIT-AI-Lab iv. Mobile robots

B) a-ii, b-i, c-iv, d-iii C) a-iii, b-i, c-ii ,d-iv D) a-i, b-iii, c-iv, d-ii 72. Match the following a) Facts b) Rules c) Backtracking d) Questions A) a-iii, b-i, c-iv, d-ii B) a-ii, b-i, c-iv, d-iii C) a-iii, b-i, c-ii ,d-iv D) a-i, b-iii, c-iv, d-ii 73. Production system consists of _____ a. b. c. d. e. A) B) C) A set of rules One or more knowledge/databases A control strategy A rule interpreter/ applier Questions i. Declare things that are true depending on some conditions ii. Declare things that are always true iii. Used to find out if something is true iv. Second chances to a query

a, b, c, d a, b, c, e c, e

D)

b, c, d, e

74. Which of the following are the properties of a Robot? a. b. c. d. e. f. A) B) C) D) It is artificially created It cannot sense its environment It is programmable It moves with one or more axes of rotation or translation It moves without human intervents It appears to have agency

a, b, c, d a, c, d, e, f b, c, e, f a, b, c, d, e, f

75. What are the different basic methods in which a system can learn from its own experiences? a. b. c. d. A) B) C) D) Learning by interpretation Learning by chunking Learning by macro operators Learning by parameter adjustment

a, b, c only a, c, d only b, c, d only a, b, d only

Answer Keys
Part - A Q. No. Ans. Key Q. No. Ans. Key Q. No. Part - B Ans. Key Q. No. Part - C Ans. Key

1 B 2 A 3 A 4 B 5 C 6 D 7 A 8 B 9 A 10 C 11 A 12 B 13 C 14 B 15 C 16 A 17 C 18 C 19 A 20 C

21 C 22 C 23 B 24 A 25 C 26 B 27 C 28 A 29 A 30 C 31 D 32 C 33 D 34 D 35 C 36 D 37 B 38 A 39 B 40 C

41 C 42 A 43 B 44 D 45 A 46 C 47 C 48 D 49 B 50 D 51 B 52 A 53 D 54 A 55 D 56 A 57 B 58 C 59 D 60 D

61 A 62 B 63 A 64 C 65 B 66 D 67 D 68 B 69 D 70 B 71 C 72 B 73 A 74 B 75 C