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DIRECTION SENSE

Important Ideas There are four directions North, South, East and West. The word NEWS came from North, East, West and South. There are four regions: North-East (I); South-East (IV); North-West (II); SouthWest (III). The directions OP, OS, OQ are North East direction; North-West direction; South-West and South-East direction.

You must distinguish between the regions and directions i.e. between North-East region and North-East direction. If you move with your face east-wards, your left hand is towards north and your right hand is towards south. Similarly the positions of the directions of the hands can be fixed when you move in any of the other three directions.

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Solving Questions Drawing the questions on a paper To solve the question, first draw the direction figure

on paper. Mark the starting point. After that move carefully according to the directions given in the question. The most important aspect here is to draw it carefully and take care of the movements. Putting arrows in the line diagram is useful. Movements are described in three ways 1. Left or Right You just need to be careful of where the last arrow is pointing. 2. Movement in a particular direction Again direction of the last arrow is of importance 3. Movement at a certain angle mostly these are defined in terms of 0, 90 and 45 Solving the question The questions are usually of following types: a. Find the final direction this is easy if you have the correct diagram made and you remember the directions correctly.

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b. Finding the distance from start point Once a correct diagram is made then you can use simple geometry to find out the correct answer. Pythagoras theorem is very useful here because many diagrams result into right angle triangles. c. Combination of distance from start point and final direction the above two strategies are useful in solving this. Miscellaneous Solved Examples Question: Four persons stationed at the four corners of a square piece as shown in the diagram. P starts crossing the field diagonally. After walking half the distance, he turns right, walks some distance and turns left. Which direction is P facing now?

(a) North-east (b) North-west (c) North (d) South-east (e) South-west Answer: (b) The route of P is shown in the diagram. Clearly the direction of P is North-west.

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Question: Deepa moved a distance of 75 metres towards the north. She then turned to the left moved 25m and then turned to the left moved 80m and finally turned right at an angle of 45. In which direction was she moving finally? (a) North-east (b) North-west (c) South (d) South-west Answer. (d) Deepa started from A, moved 75 m upto B turned left and walked 25 m upto C, one more left till D. She then turned to the right at an angle of 45, she was finally moving in the direction DE i.e., south west.

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Direction: (Questions 1 to 3). Read the information given below to answer these questions. a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h and i are nine houses. c is 2 km east of b. a is km north of b and h is 2 km south of a, g is 1 km west of h while d is 3 km east of g and f is 2 km north of g. i is situated just in the middle of b and c while e is just in middle of h and d. 1. Distance between e and g is: (a) 2 km (b) 1 km (c) 5 km (d) 1.5 km 2. Distance between a and f is: (a) 1.41 km (b) 3 km (c) 2 km (d) 1 km 3. Distance between e and i is: (a) 4 km (b) 2 km (c) 1 km (d) 3 km

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From the information given, positions of houses are as follows:

f a

1 2 b 1 g 1 h 1 e 1 i 1 d 1 c

Solution: 1. Clearly, the distance between e and g is 2km. 2. From the above diagram, the distance between a and f is 1 km. 3. Clearly, the distance between e and i is 1 km. Question: In the given figure, P is 300 km eastward of O and Q is 400 kms North of O, R is exactly in the middle of Q and P. The distance between Q and R
North

Q R

East O P

(a) 250 kms (b) 2502

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(c) 300 kms (d) 350 kms (d) None of these Solution: Since this is a right angled triangle, we will use Pythagoras Theorem here = = 300 + + 400 = 100 3 + 4

= 100 5 = 100 5 i.e. 500 km. R being in the midway of PQ so QR = 250 kms.