ENHANCING MIMO TECNOLOGY PERFORMANCE Mr.

Mushtaq Ahmad & Shoib Gul Department of Graduate Studies and Applied Sciences , Bahria University, Islamabad, Pakistan. mushtaq_bit9@yahoo.com mushtaq.ahmad91@gmail.com

AbstractWiMAX (IEEE 802.16m) and Long Term Evolution (LTE) are the two main candidates for 4G. Majority of the worlds operators and venders are already committed to the LTE and WiMAX (IEEE 802.16m) deployment developments. Multiple input output (MIMO) Technologies introduced in WiMAX(IEEE 802.16m) and LTE Advanced such as precoding, transmit diversity , beamforming, and spatial multiplexing are key technologies for provide high throughput and link range at a better system efficiency. This paper also described a simulation study of the transmit diversity technology, which improve data transmission in multipath environments and also discus three effect through which MIMO capacity increase.

Introduction: MIMO technologies are used by both WiMAX and LTE combine for improving data rate and system performance. MIMO technologies offers allot of features, which includes, Fast delivering , Mobile broadband services reliably over extended coverage area, Increase data throughput, Increase link rang, Interference suppression, Diversity gain, Cell coverage. More complex antenna schemes is necessary to achieve high throughput and link range. To get all this divergent set of objectives, LTE and WiMAX adopted various MIMO technologies such as transmit diversity, dedicated beamforming, Coordinated multi-point (CoMP), single user (SU)-MIMO, multiuser (MU)-MIMO and closed-loop rank-1 precoding [1]. All MIMO Technologies are differing from each other by using different techniques including beamforming, precoding, diversity coding and spatial multiplexing. A promising way of achieving high data rate in wireless communications is to use multiple antennas at both the transmitter and the receiver, forming a multipleinput multiple output (MIMO) system [2]. In this Research we present a simulation study to investigate performance of Transmit diversity technology scheme in MIMO technologies to improve data transmission in multi-path environments. Forming The reminder of this Research organized as fellows. First we briefly describe the

transmit diversity technology scheme in MIMO technologies. Then the main characteristic of this technology in MIMO. Finally we offer simulation of the antenna placement to get better diversity in multipath propagation and provide our mean conclusions and results. Problems Identification:  Multiple received replicas of the transmitted signal sometimes combine destructively and signal overlay resulting in local deep dips called RayleighFading.  The 2nd problem faced by the world developing standard is providing high throughput at the cell edge without increasing average transmit power or frequency bandwidth.

Background Knowledge : In this research we work on the first problem so we evaluate the benefits of transmit diversity in MIMO system . Up to date WE find out three effects that enhance MIMO technology performance 1. Increase of the Signal-to-Interference-and-Noise Ratio, 2. Spatial multiplexing, 3. diversity gain Diversity performance is measured by diversity gain, which is the difference in signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) between the output of a diversity combiner and the signal on a single branch, measured at a given probability level. The transmit diversity technology can be applied to all the physical channel in downlink of LTE [1] and WiMAX, in uplink now four antenna used for the selection of good diversity. Diversity is achieved by creating several independent paths between the transmitter and receiver. In multipath signal fading is one of the most fundamental features of wireless channels. Because multiple received replicas of the transmitted signal sometimes combine destructively and signal overlay resulting in local deep dips called Rayleigh-Fading [3]. Multiple antennas diversity overcome this problem. The receiver of independent copy of same signal by each element in the receive array is the basis of receive diversity . The probability decrease that all signals are in deep fade simultaneously. Transmit diversity is base on multiple transmitter and receiver antennas. MIMO

technologies is based on both transmit and receive diversity. MIMO and transmit diversity increase the performance of present and future wireless communication systems, in MIMO transmit diversity is based on space-Frequency Block coding (SFBC), combine with Frequency Shift Transmit Diversity (FSTD) in case of four transmit antenna [4]. Transmit diversity is intended for common downlink channels to provide extended diversity for transmission for channel-dependent scheduling is not possible. Transmit diversity can also be applied Voice-over-IP (VoIP) where high data rate only justify the user. ANTENNA PLACEMENT STUDY In this antenna placement study spatial diversity and pattern diversity technique used to achieve high diversity gain. Spatial diversity uses multiple antennas with the same characteristics but separated in space for reception or transmission. Basestation spatial diversity requires wide antenna spacings for proper operation because the multipath arrival angle spread is narrow . Pattern or Angle diversity uses directional antennas discriminate over angle or space, consists of two or more co-located antennas with different radiation patterns. This type of diversity makes use of directive antennas that are usually physically separated by some (often short) distance [5]. Collectively they are capable of discriminating a large portion of angle space and can provide a higher gain versus a single omnidirectional radiator. simulations are necessary to test and optimize procedures. So we have performed simulation to identify the best antenna placement in MIMO technologies to get high diversity in multipath propagation. Ansoft designer we used as a simulator tool with S-parameter for best pattern and spatial diversity antennas placement.

simulation performed on three mutual coupling pair of pattern and spatial diversity antennas placement. The mutual coupling pair of antennas are set as follows: mutual coupling (2-1), mutual coupling (2-2) and mutual coupling (2-3). In figure 3 all three pair are illustrated.

The essential measuring stick to quantify the performance of MIMO antennas is

the coupling placement of antennas in different direction and spaces and then using S-parameters to measure their performance graph. S-parameters are one of the most useful method for presenting a system as a black box [6] and the external behavior of this black box can be predicted without any regard for the contents of black box. S-parameters are measure by sending frequency signals into the system or network (black box) and detecting what was exit from each port. S-parameters have magnitude and phase thats why the input Signal magnitude and phase both are changed by the network, but in myr point of view how much gain is more important than how much the signal has phase shifted.

REFERENCES: [1] Juho Lee, Jin-Kyu Han and Jianzhong (2009) MIMO Technologies in 3GPP LTE and LTE Advanced:, EURASIP Journal on Wirless Communication and Networking, Volume 2009,10 pages [2] Liang Dong, Hosung Choo,(2005) Simulation of MIMO Channel Capacity With Antenna Polarization Diversity IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS, VOL. 4, NO. 4, JULY 2005 [3] Angel Lozano and Nihar Jindal(2009) Transmit Diversity v. Spatial Multiplexing in ModernMIMO Systems [4] Stefan Parkvall and David Astely (2009) Journal of Communications,volume . 4. 3 ,pp. 146-154 [5] Carl B. Dietrich, Jr., Member, IEEE, Kai Dietze, J. Randall Nealy, and Warren L. Stutzman (2001) Spatial, Polarization, and Pattern Diversity for Wireless Handheld Terminals. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION, VOL. 49, NO. 9.pp 1271-1281. [6] Jean BurnikellNa.tional Instruments paper : http://zone.ni.com/devzone/nidzgloss.nsf/webmain/D2C4FA88321195FE8625686 B00542EDB?OpenDocument .Accessed 11 January 2011

Enhancing MIMO technologies Performance

Mushtaq Ahmad Shoib Gul

Date: 27/04/2011

Subject: Wireless Communication

BAHRIA UNIVERSITY ISLAMABAD CAMPUS