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Bibliografia
Boal & Ranson (1997) JEL Borjas (1996, cap. 5) E & S (2000, p. 101 105)
Introduo
A origem do termo monopsnio devida a Joan Robinson (1969, p.215).
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Definio
O monopsnio pode ser definido como um mercado onde h apenas um nico comprador. Joan Robinson explorou a noo de monopsnio no mercado de trabalho e em particular seus efeitos sobre uma curva de oferta positivamente inclinada para uma firma individual.
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Definio
Um monopsnio uma firma que faz face a uma curva de oferta de trabalho positivamente inclinada. Ao contrrio da firma competitiva, que pode contratar tanto trabalho quanto desejar ao preo corrente, um monopsonista deve pagar salrios reais mais elevados para atrair mais trabalho.
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Definio
Quando uma nica firma ou organizao a compradora de mo-de-obra no mercado de trabalho, tal firma chamada de monosponista. Visto que a firma ou organizao a nica a demandar tal tipo de mo-de-obra, ela pode influenciar a determinao da taxa de salrio.
Definio
Ao invs de ser uma tomadora de preos e fazer face a uma curva de demanda horizontal, os monopsonistas enfrentam uma curva de oferta positivamente inelstica. A curva de oferta que eles enfrentam a curva de oferta do mercado de trabalho.
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Definio
O monopsonista um definidor de preos, ou seja, ele tem um controle significativo sobre os preos que paga por um insumo. Assim, o poder de monopsnio a capacidade do comprador de influenciar no preo de um insumo. Este poder lhe possibilita adquirir a mercadoria por um valor inferior ao preo que prevaleceria num mercado competitivo.
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Aplicao Atual
Atualmente o termo monopsnio est sendo aplicado de modo amplo a qualquer modelo de firma individual a qual enfrenta uma curva de oferta positivamente inclinada.
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O Monopsonista
O monopsonista um defininidor de preos, ou seja, um monopsonista tm um controle significativo sobre o preo que paga por um insumo.
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CMeF
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Mo-de-obra
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Salrio e Emprego sob Monopsnio: Propriedades do Equilbrio (i) um monoposonista no discriminador de salrios ir empregar menos trabalhadores do que se o mercado fosse competitivo. Como resultado, h um desemprego num monopsnio, quando comparado com um caso de concorrncia perfeita.
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ME
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30
60 trabalhadores
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ME = 40 wm = 30 20
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60 Trabalhadores
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Monopsnio Uma Anlise Formal [H & Q (1976, p. 233-237)] Aqui consideramos o caso de um monopsonista que usa um nico insumo trabalho para a elaborao de um produto que vende num mercado de livre concorrncia.
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David Card and Alan B. Krueger, Myth and Measurement: The New Economics of the Minimum Wage, (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1995, p. 393).
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w CMgF
oferta
w2 w1 ME 1 e1
e2
S.M Demanda
E
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Sites adicionais
http://www.swlearning.com/economics/policy_debates/increase_minimum.html http://eh.net/encyclopedia/article/boal.monopsony http://ideas.repec.org/p/wpa/wuwpla/9603001.html
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Referncias Adicionais
Adamache, Killard W., and Frank A. Sloan. "Unions and Hospitals: Some Unresolved Issues." Journal of Health Economics 1, no. 1 (1982): 81-108. van den Berg, Gerard J. and Geert Ridder. "An Empirical Equilibrium Search Model of the Labour Market." Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, Faculty of Economics and Econometrics Research Memorandum 1993-39, July 1993. Black, Dan A. and Mark A. Loewenstein. "Self-Enforcing Labor Contracts with Costly Mobility: The Subgame Perfect Solution to the Chairman's Problem." Research in Labor Economics 12 (1991): 63-83. Boal, William M. "The Effect of Minimum Salaries on Employment of Teachers." Unpublished paper, Drake University, 2001. Boal, William M., and Michael R. Ransom. "Missouri Teachers." Unpublished paper, Brigham Young University, 2000. Boal, William M., and Michael R. Ransom. "Monopsony in the Labor Market." Journal of Economic Literature 35, no. 1 (1997): 86-112.
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Referncias Adicionais
Brown, Charles, and James Medoff. "The Employer-Size Wage Effect." Journal of Political Economy 97, no. 5 (1989): 1027-1059. Brown, Robert W. "An Estimate of the Rent Generated by a Premium College Football Player." Economic Inquiry 31, no. 4 (1993): 671-684. Burdett, Kenneth, and Dale T. Mortensen. "Equilibrium Wage Differentials and Firm Size." Northwestern Center for Mathematical Studies in Economics and Management Science Working Paper 860, 1989. Card, David E., and Alan B. Krueger. Myth and Measurement: The New Economics of the Minimum Wage. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1995. Card, David E., and Alan B. Krueger. "Minimum Wages and Employment: A Case Study of the Fast-Food Industry in New Jersey and Pensilvnia: Reply." American Economic Review 90, no. 5 (2000): 1397-1420. Fishback, Price V. "The Economics of Company Housing: Historical Perspectives from the Coal Fields." Journal of Law, Economics, and Organization 8, no. 2 (1992): 346- 365. Hicks, John R. The Theory of Wages. London: Macmillan, 1932. 41
Referncias Adicionais
Hirsch, Barry T., and Edward Schumacher. "Monopsony Power and Relative Wages in the Labor Market for Nurses." Journal of Health Economics 14, no. 4 (1995): 443-476. Kahn, Lawrence M. "The Sports Business as a Labor Market Laboratory." Journal of
Lebergott, Stanley. "Wage Trends, 1800-1900." Studies in Income and Wealth 24 (1960): 449-498. Link, Charles R., and John H. Landon. "Market Structure, Nonpecuniary Factors and Professional Salaries: Registered Nurses." Journal of Economics and Business 28, no. 2 (1976): 151-155. Luizer, James and Robert Thornton. "Concentration in the Labor Market for Public School Teachers." Industrial and Labor Relations Review 39, no. 4 (1986): 573-84.
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Referncias Adicionais
Neumark, David and William Wascher. "Minimum Wages and Employment: A Case Study of the Fast-Food Industry in New Jersey and Pensilvnia: Comment." American Economic Review 90, no. 5 (2000): 1362-1396. Pigou, Arthur Cecil. The Economics of Welfare, second edition. London: Macmillan, 1924. Ransom, Michael R. "Seniority and Monopsony in the Academic Labor Market." American Economic Review 83, no. 1 (1993): 221231. Robinson, Joan. The Economics of Imperfect Competition, second edition. London: Macmillan, 1969.
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Referncias Adicionais
Scully, Gerald W. "Pay and Performance in Major League Baseball." American Economic Review 64, no. 6 (1974): 915-930. Sullivan, Daniel. "Monopsony Power in the Market for Nurses." Journal of Law and Economics 32, no. 2 part 2 (1989): S135-S178. Vedder Richard K, Lowell E. Gallaway, and David Klingaman, "Discrimination and Exploitation in Antebellum American Cotton Textile Manufacturing." Research in Economic History 3 (1978): 217-262. Ware, Caroline. The Early New England Cotton Manufacturers: A Study of Industrial Beginnings. New York: Russell & Russell, 1966.
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Referncias Adicionais
(1991): 27-46. Wellington, Alison J., "The Effects of the Minimum Wage on the Employment Status of Youths: An Update," Journal of Human Resources 26, no. 1 Whaples, Robert. "Is There Consensus among American Labor Economists? Survey Results on Forty Propositions." Journal of Labor Research 17, no. 4 (1996): 725-34. Zevin, Robert B. The Growth of Manufacturing in Early Nineteenth Century New England. New York: Arno Press, 1975. Zimbalist, Andrew. "Salaries and Performance: Beyond the Scully Model." In Diamonds Are Forever: The Business of Baseball, edited by Paul M. Sommers, 109-133. Washington DC: Brookings Institution, 1992.
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Fim
Monopsnio e Mercado de Trabalho Notas de Aula
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