UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO ESPRITO SANTO COMISSO COORDENADORA DO VESTIBULAR PROCESSO SELETIVO 2011

PROVAS DA 2. ETAPA DO PROCESSO SELETIVO DISCURSIVA 1

FSICA:

Quando necessrio, utilize o mdulo da acelerao da gravidade g = 10 m/s -1 -1 a constante universal dos gases R = 0,082 atm.L.mol .K .

QUMICA:
Se necessrio, utilize a TABELA PERIDICA DOS ELEMENTOS QUMICOS abaixo.

T A B E L A P E R I D IC A D O S E L E M E N T O S Q U M IC O S

1
I A 1 N m ero A t m ico

18
O 2

H
1 ,0 1

2
II A 4

S m b o lo
M a s s a A t m ic a

13
III A 5

14
IV A 6

15
V A 7

16
VI A 8

17
V II A 9

He
4 ,0 0

10

Li
6 ,9 4

Be
9 ,0 1

B
1 0 ,8 1

C
1 2 ,0 1

N
1 4 ,0 1

O
1 6 ,0 0

F
1 9 ,0 0

Ne
2 0 ,1 8

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

Na Mg
2 2 ,9 9 2 4 ,3 1

3
III B 21

4
IV B 22

5
V B 23

6
VI B 24

7
V II B 25

9
V III

10

11
I B

12
II B 30

Al
2 6 ,9 8

Si
2 8 ,0 9

P
3 0 ,9 7

S
3 2 ,0 6

Cl
3 5 ,4 5

Ar
3 9 ,9 5

19

20

26

27

28

29

31

32

33

34

35

36

K
3 9 ,1 0

Ca Sc
4 0 ,0 8 4 4 ,9 6

Ti
4 7 ,9 0

V
5 0 ,9 4

Cr M n Fe Co
5 1 ,9 9 5 4 ,9 3 5 5 ,8 4 5 8 ,9 3

Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se
5 8 ,7 1 6 3 ,5 4 6 5 ,3 7 6 9 ,7 2 7 2 ,5 9 7 4 ,9 2 7 8 ,9 6

Br
7 9 ,9 0

Kr
8 3 ,8 0

37

38

39

40

41

42

43

44

45

46

47

48

49

50

51

52

53

54

Rb
8 5 ,4 7

Sr
8 7 ,6 2

Y
8 8 ,9 0

Zr Nb M o Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd
9 1 ,2 2 9 2 ,9 0 9 5 ,9 4 (9 8 ) 1 0 1 ,0 7 1 0 2 ,9 0 1 0 6 ,4 0 1 0 7 ,8 7 1 1 2 ,4 0

In
1 1 4 ,8 2

Sn Sb Te
1 1 8 ,6 9 1 2 1 ,7 5 1 2 7 ,6 0

I
1 2 6 ,9 0

Xe
1 3 1 ,3 0

55

56

S rie

72

73

74

75

76

77

78

79

80

81

82

83

84

85

86

Cs Ba La
1 3 2 ,9 1 1 3 7 ,3 4

Hf
1 7 8 ,4 9

Ta
1 8 0 ,9 5

W
1 8 3 ,8 5

Re Os
1 8 6 ,2 0 1 9 0 ,2 0

Ir
1 9 2 ,2 0

Pt
1 9 5 ,0 9

Au Hg
1 9 6 ,9 7 2 0 0 ,5 9

Tl
2 0 4 ,3 7

Pb
2 0 7 ,1 9

Bi
2 0 8 ,9 8

Po
(2 1 0 )

At Rn
(2 1 0 ) (2 2 2 )

87

88

S rie

10 4

10 5

10 6

10 7

10 8

10 9

11 0

11 1

11 2

11 3

11 6

11 8

Fr Ra Ac
(2 2 3 ) (2 2 6 )

U f D b S g B h H s M t U un U uu U ub U uq
(2 7 2 )

U uh

U uo

S rie

57

58

59

60

61

62

63

64

65

66

67

68

69

70

71

La
S rie

La Ce
1 3 8 ,9 1 1 4 0 ,1 2

Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho
1 4 0 ,9 1 1 4 4 ,2 4 (1 4 7 ) 1 5 0 ,3 6 1 5 1 ,9 6 1 5 7 ,2 6 1 5 8 ,9 2 1 6 2 ,5 0 1 6 4 ,9 3

Er Tm Yb Lu
1 6 7 ,2 6 1 6 8 ,9 3 1 7 3 ,0 4 1 7 4 ,9 7

89

90

91

92

93

94

95

96

97

98

99

10 0

10 1

10 2

10 3

Ac Ac Th Pa
(2 2 7 ) 2 3 2 ,0 4 (2 3 1 )

U
2 3 8 ,0 3

Np Pu Am Cm Bk
(2 3 7 ) (2 4 4 ) (2 4 3 ) (2 4 7 ) (2 4 7 )

Cf
(2 5 1 )

Es Fm M d No
(2 5 4 ) (2 5 7 ) (2 5 8 ) (2 5 5 )

Lr
(2 5 6 )

FSICA 1 QUESTO Uma partcula, em repouso, decai espontaneamente em duas outras partculas que se movem em direes opostas. A primeira dessas duas partculas tem massa de repouso m e velocidade de mdulo 0 ,8 c ( c a velocidade da luz no vcuo), enquanto a segunda tem velocidade de mdulo 0 , 6 c . Calcule, em funo de m , a massa de repouso da segunda partcula e a da partcula original, A) em uma abordagem no relativista; B) em uma abordagem relativista. HISTRIA 1 QUESTO Entre os sculos IV e VI d.C, ocorreu, no Ocidente, um amplo movimento de reacomodao de povos e etnias que levou formao, nos territrios outrora pertencentes ao Imprio Romano, de uma diversidade de reinos: Reino dos Ostrogodos, Reino Franco, Reino dos Suevos, Reino dos Visigodos, entre outros. Nesse sentido, A) caracterize o processo histrico que deu origem a esses reinos; B) cite e explique um fator interno que contribuiu para a desagregao do Imprio Romano do Ocidente. QUMICA 1 QUESTO Uma soluo foi preparada adicionando-se 0,30 mol de cido actico e 24,6 gramas de acetato de sdio em quantidade suficiente de gua para completar 1,0 litro de soluo. O sistema de CH 3COOH e CH3COONa constitui uma soluo tampo na qual esse sistema est em equilbrio. A) B) C) D) Escreva a equao inica que representa o equilbrio entre o cido actico e o acetato de sdio. Explique como a soluo tampo impede uma variao de pH, quando adicionada a ela pequena quantidade de base. Calcule o pH da soluo preparada. Calcule a razo entre as concentraes do cido e do sal em uma soluo tampo preparada com CH3COOH e CH3COONa, de tal forma que o pH resultante seja igual a 6,0. DADO: ka = 1,8 . 10-5, log 1,8 = 0,26 FSICA 2 QUESTO Uma mola ideal de constante elstica k se encontra no interior de um tubo vertical presa pela sua extremidade inferior. Sobre sua extremidade superior, encontra-se, em repouso, uma pequena esfera de massa m e carga eltrica positiva q . A esfera se ajusta perfeitamente ao interior do tubo e pode deslizar sobre a parede lateral do tubo sem atrito. A esfera, o tubo e a mola so formados de materiais dieltricos. O mdulo da acelerao da gravidade local g . A) Determine a deformao sofrida pela mola.

Um campo eltrico uniforme vertical de sentido para baixo aplicado ao interior do tubo com sua intensidade sendo aumentada muito lentamente at o valor E 0 .

B) Determine a nova deformao da mola.

A intensidade do campo eltrico, ento, subitamente levada zero. C) Considerando que a esfera no estava presa extremidade superior da mola, calcule a altura mxima atingida pela esfera a partir de sua posio no instante em que o campo eltrico anulado. D) Considerando que a esfera est presa extremidade superior da mola, determine a frequncia e a amplitude do movimento harmnico simples que passa a executar o sistema esfera-mola. HISTRIA 2 QUESTO Realizam-se eleies no Brasil desde a poca colonial. No entanto, a partir da Proclamao da Repblica, o exerccio da cidadania poltica, em termos eleitorais, passou a observar novos critrios. Desse modo, A) comente os requisitos exigidos para o exerccio da cidadania por meio do voto, introduzidos com a Proclamao da Repblica; B) analise o cenrio poltico em que foi atribudo o direito de voto mulher, no Brasil, para o processo eleitoral de 1933. QUMICA 2 QUESTO O fenmeno de osmose ocorre quando duas solues com concentraes diferentes esto separadas por uma membrana permevel somente ao solvente. A presso osmtica dada pela equao: = i c RT, onde i o fator de vant Hoff; c a concentrao em mol L-1; R a constante dos gases (0,082 L atm mol-1 K-1) e T a temperatura em Kelvin. A presso osmtica no sangue humano a 37C 7,6 atm. A) Calcule a concentrao, em % (m/v), de uma soluo de NaCl que exerce a mesma presso osmtica do sangue (soluo isotnica). B) Calcule a massa de NaCl que deve ser pesada para preparar 500 mL de soro fisiolgico (soluo isotnica) a serem injetados no sangue. FSICA 3 QUESTO
500 nm se propaga no ar com velocidade de 300.000 km/s. Esse raio atinge Um raio de luz monocromtico com com incidncia normal a superfcie (1) de um prisma de cristal, que flutua na superfcie de um lquido, penetrando em 2 e n ar 1 , seu interior, conforme mostra a figura. Os ndices de refrao do cristal e do ar so n cristal

respectivamente.

(1) (2)

Calcule A) a frequncia da onda de luz no ar; B) o comprimento de onda da luz dentro do prisma; C) o menor valor do ngulo para que a luz no se propague do cristal para o lquido atravs da superfcie (2),
1;

sabendo que o ndice de refrao do lquido n lquido sabendo que o ngulo

D) o menor ndice de refrao do lquido para que a luz se propague do cristal para o lquido atravs da superfcie (2),

45 .
0

HISTRIA 3 QUESTO Dentre as revolues ocorridas na Amrica Latina, no sculo XX, duas sobressaram: a Mexicana, de 1910, e a Cubana, de 1959. Com base nessa afirmao, A) explique o trao distintivo de cada uma dessas revolues; B) descreva o papel de Zapata e o de Fidel Castro nessas revolues.

QUMICA 3 QUESTO Na tentativa de prejudicar menos o meio ambiente, o lcool aparece como uma alternativa para utilizao em motores a combusto. Considerando uma gasolina composta somente de 2,2,4-trimetilpentano (C8H18), conhecido popularmente por isooctano, e um lcool combustvel composto somente de etanol (C2H6O), faa o que se pede: A) B) C) D) Escreva a frmula estrutural do 2,2,4-trimetilpentano e do etanol. Escreva a equao qumica balanceada da combusto completa do isooctano e do etanol. Calcule a energia liberada, em joules, durante a queima de 0,1 mol de cada combustvel. Calcule o volume de CO 2(g) liberado para a atmosfera na queima de 0,1 mol de cada um dos combustveis. Considere a presso igual a 1 atm e a temperatura igual a 25C. DADO: R = 0,082 L atm mol-1 K-1 Calor de combusto: H (isooctano) = -5.641 kJ mol-1 H (etanol) = -1.368 kJ mol-1 FSICA 4 QUESTO Em um calormetro ideal, encontram-se 400 g de gua temperatura de 20oC. Um pedao de metal de massa 200 g e calor especfico 0,10 cal/goC lanado no interior do calormetro a uma temperatura de 230 oC. Calcule a temperatura de equilbrio considerando que A) nenhum vapor se formou; B) 4 g de vapor dgua (a 100oC) se formaram. Dado: Calor latente de vaporizao da gua = 540 cal/g. HISTRIA 4 QUESTO Jones dos Santos Neves governou o Esprito Santo entre 1943 e 1945, como interventor federal. Seis anos depois, foi eleito e se manteve como governador entre janeiro de 1951 e outubro de 1952. Nesse ltimo mandato, teve como eixo central de sua administrao o Plano de Valorizao do Estado, cujo xito permite considerar seu governo como um dos mais eficientes da histria poltico-administrativa do Esprito Santo. A) Explique o contexto poltico brasileiro em cada um dos perodos de governo acima citados. B) Caracterize o Plano de Valorizao do Estado formulado por Jones dos Santos Neves.

4 QUESTO

QUMICA

Os leos essenciais so misturas de compostos qumicos odorferos com uma variedade de uso, como em medicina e na fabricao de perfumes. Abaixo so apresentadas estruturas de componentes desses leos:
OH O OCH3

OH OH C H 2C H = C H 2 M e nto l Te rpine o l C a rv o na Eug e nol

Sobre os compostos apresentados acima, faa o que se pede: A) O mentol, ao sofrer oxidao, produz a mentona, cuja frmula C 10H18O. D o nome oficial (IUPAC) do mentol. Escreva a estrutura da mentona. B) Calcule o nmero de carbonos tercirios presentes na estrutura do terpineol. C) Escreva a estrutura do produto da reao de hidrogenao cataltica completa da carvona. D) Identifique as funes qumicas presentes no eugenol. FSICA 5 QUESTO No interior de um tubo em U, de rea de seco transversal A , fechado em ambas as extremidades, encontram-se n moles de um gs ideal monoatmico e um lquido de densidade . Separando o gs do lquido, existe uma membrana de massa desprezvel que pode deslizar sem atrito. A membrana e as paredes do tubo so feitas de materiais que no permitem a troca de calor (adiabticos). A superfcie do lquido no ramo direito est a uma altura h 0 acima da superfcie do lquido no ramo esquerdo, acima da qual se encontra o gs. A regio acima do lquido no ramo direito pode ser considerada vcuo. No interior do gs, existe um resistor R 1 ligado ao circuito representado na figura. As resistncias tm valores R1

r e R2

3 r . A chave S se encontra inicialmente aberta, e o gs se encontra temperatura T 0 .

Gs Vcuo

A) Determine a presso inicial do gs nessas condies. A chave S , ento, fechada por um intervalo de tempo lquido nos dois ramos passa a ser 3h 0 . Calcule B) a nova temperatura do gs; C) a corrente eltrica que passa pela resistncia R 2 ; D) o trabalho realizado pelo gs. HISTRIA 5 QUESTO As duas Grandes Guerras do sculo passado afetaram significativamente os EUA. Contudo, esse pas, entre 1914 e 1918, era muito diferente daquele entre 1939 e 1945. Levando em conta essas diferenas, esclarea o posicionamento dos EUA na A) Primeira Guerra Mundial; B) Segunda Guerra Mundial.

t . Aps a chave ser aberta novamente, o novo desnvel do

QUMICA 5 QUESTO
A presena de umidade (vapor de gua) no ar acelera o processo de corroso de metais. Isso um problema que muito preocupa vrios setores industriais. Uma das principais reaes relacionadas com o processo de corroso de metais a reduo de oxignio dissolvido na gua, o que pode ser representado pela seguinte equao:

O2(g) + H2O(l) + 2 e-

2 OH-(aq)

E = 0,40 V

A) Dadas as semirreaes de reduo dos metais abaixo, escreva a equao qumica balanceada para a oxidao do Fe(s) a Fe3+(aq) e do Cu(s) a Cu2+(aq), quando na presena de O2(g) dissolvido na gua. DADO: Cu2+(aq) + 2 eFe3+(aq) + 3 eCu(s) Fe(s) E = 0,43 V E = - 0,44 V

B) A energia livre de Gibbs padro ( G) de uma reao dada por G= - nF E, onde n o nmero de eltrons envolvidos na reao, F a constante de Faraday (96500 C mol-1) e E a diferena de potencial da reao. Calcule o G das reaes de oxidao dos metais apresentados no enunciado do item (A) e identifique o metal que vai oxidar espontaneamente. INGLS Our Magic Island by Stephi Clash
When Stephi and Wesley Clash tied the knot, there was only one place they wanted to call home the picturesque Greek island of Corfu, as Stephi tells Richard Webber

(1) Weve lived in Corfu since 1993 and dont see ourselves ever returning to Britain. This is where we want to spend the rest of our lives. In fact, we love it so much weve already bought our grave plot with sea views! (2) It was Wes who first discovered the island, back in 1981. He was soon smitten by its charm and returned regularly on holiday. When we decided to get married, he told me that wed have to live on Corfu; he was passionate about the place and it didnt take long for me to realise why. (3) After holidaying here myself, I knew I could settle here, too, so we sold our apartment in Folkestone, packed our belongings into a Land Rover and trailer and spent a week driving down through Europe, singing along to Rolf Harris greatest hits all the way. (4) Originally, we intended to buy land and build our own property, so we rented an apartment in the old part of Corfu Town while we took our time finding the right place. When we eventually stumbled across this property it felt like home immediately despite having no electricity, water, bathroom or windows and a sagging roof. (5) It needed a lot of work done, but we could see the potential, so bought it in 1995 for 14,000. Its taken a long time to fix up because Wes has done it all himself, but were very happy with it now. (6) Its a 200-year-old, three-storey house, and from our large balcony at the front we look down towards Corfu Town, the coast and then across the shimmering water to the Albanian and Greek coastlines. Weve pretty much got panoramic views. Our village, Ano Korakiana, towards the north of the island, is perched on the side of a mountain. Were early risers, so its a wonderful spot to enjoy breakfast while admiring the fabulous sunrises. (7) Seven years ago we decided to buy the land next door so we could make ourselves a garden. The owners wouldnt sell the land w ithout the little dilapidated house that was also on the site, so we bought that as well, turning it into a gallery. (8) Wes is a deep-sea diver, and still works in the oil fields. I was a language teacher, but since coming here have switched careers, dedicating my time to art, which has always been a passion of mine. (9) I exhibited my work on the island, including a showing in my village. I didnt expect to sell anything, but then discovered that bike and jeep tours pass through the area. One day, these Americans popped into the exhibition and practically bought me out! Realising there was passing trade, we opened the gallery, where I also run art classes for local children and adults. (10) Buying property on Corfu can be a tortuous and long-winded process, partly because there is much bureaucracy. You need a good English-speaking lawyer, because there can be multiple owners and all have to agree to sell before you can buy. (11) For anyone considering buying here, theyve got to love the place and want to live here because its Greece, not just because its hot. The way of life is different than the UK and its not the Costa del Sol, either. Corfu feels like its in a time warp and if you come over with a staunch British attitude that everything should be efficient, the place will drive you nuts. (12) Budget airlines Jet2.com and easyJet fly here during the summer its a three-hour flight, but its not like other holiday destinations, especially those in Spain. Corfu is a peaceful, orderly place. You dont see drunks on the streets: its shameful for Greeks to be under the influence of alcohol and acting like an idiot in the street. (13) Its a very colourful, safe and scenic island, boasting three million olive trees adorning the lush landscape. There are also over 90 beaches in fact, were spoilt for choice. The east coast tends to have most of the pebble beaches while the west is where you find the sand. Wess favourite is Mirtiotissa, which Lawrence Durrell described as the most beautiful, whereas Im keen on Barbati; its a pebble beach but the water is lovely and clean."
(CLASH, Stephi. Our Magic Island. Disponvel em: <http://www.livingabroadmagazine.co.uk/we-did-it/362-201004corfu>. Acesso em: 20 ago. 2010.)

USE YOUR OWN WORDS to answer the following questions according to the text in complete sentences. DO NOT COPY FROM THE TEXT! Answers which are literally transcribed from the text will NOT be considered. 1. Point out two pieces of evidence in the text that show Stephi and Wesley Clash have been living in Corfu for quite some time. 2. How did Wesley and Stephis home in Corfu end up being different from what they had planned? 3. What has led Stephi not to consider the possibility of going back to Britain? 4. In Stephis view, why would a typical British person have difficulty in adapting to life in Corfu? 5. Why does Stephi say they are spoilt for choice (paragraph 13), as far as beaches are concerned? 2 QUESTO Complete the following sentences by: A) Choosing a word from the box to fill in the first blank in each sentence. Each word can only be used once. B) Filling the second blank in each sentence with your own words. The first one has been filled in as an example. what when where which who whose why 1. Their families cant understand the reason _why_ the couple decided to live in Corfu_.

2. A deep-sea diver is a professional ________ ____________________________________. 3. A gallery is a place ________ ________________________________________________. 4. Budget airlines are companies ________ _______________________________________. 5. Early risers are people ________ _____________________________________________. 6. You switch careers ________ _______________________________________________. 3 QUESTO Agree with the statements below, following the directions given in parentheses. 1. Wes fell in love with the beautiful landscape. (Agree using so): _____________________. 2. Stephi and Wes will not build their own house. (Agree using neither): _____________________. 3. Stephi wasnt planning to settle abroad. (Agree using either): _____________________. 4. Stephi enjoys the art classes. (Agree using too): _____________________. 5. The couple hasnt been to Asia yet. (Agree using nor): _____________________.

4 QUESTO Use the words from the box to complete the second sentence in each pair so as to keep the meaning of the first sentence. call off clear up come across do without find out go through send for take over tell on turn to 1. Now that shes living in Corfu, Stephi believes she wont have to experience hard times any longer. Now that shes living in Corfu, Stephi believes she wont have to _____________ hard times any longer. 2. Wes and Stephi live in such an isolated area that it is simply impossible to call an ambulance. Wes and Stephi live in such an isolated area that it is simply impossible to _____________ an ambulance. 3. As she has no kids, Stephi doesnt know who will have the control of her gallery after she dies. As she has no kids, Stephi doesnt know who will _____________ gallery after she dies. 4. Because of the terrible weather, Stephi was forced to cancel the meeting she would have with other artists from Corfu. Because of the terrible weather, Stephi was forced to _____________ the meeting she would have with other artists from Corfu. 5. After moving to Corfu, Stephi realized she didnt really need the services of a maid. After moving to Corfu, Stephi realized she could _____________ the services of a maid 5 QUESTO Ask questions for which the underlined phrases in the text below are the answer.
Below is an article that ran in a local paper just before Stephi Clashs first exhibition in 2004:

IT'S NEVER TOO LATE.....!

Well, it's funny how life has a way of forcing you onto different paths. It all started when I was asked by some clients to do some interior design work(1). I'd met them through my work with painted furniture and now they wanted some help to liven up one of their hotels. I walked in and said "What this huge blank wall needs is a sea-scape". My clients were delighted and promptly told me to go ahead. I contacted my very dear friend Nathalie McAllister(2) to give me an art lesson and Nat duly let me splosh around in her paint set and the results were very dispiriting. Nat was going to Australia(3) in the next few days and she very kindly said nothing but encouragement. So there I was all alone with the date to start the wall project looming ever closer ...till suddenly something very like the picture I was copying from jumped out at me. And that was the beginning of my love affair with fine art. Since that time I have dedicated myself to painting(4) and it has become a passion, almost a need. I began to see everything in terms of how I could paint it; I felt as though I was an alien being newly arrived on this planet and experiencing water, foliage, sky for the first time. Now, there is my first exhibition and I know it would not have happened without the love and support of my beloved husband Wesley and my daughter Gissy. These two have always encouraged me and I can't thank them enough because of their continued support (5).

(Disponvel em: <http://bizzyfish.com/About_the_Artist.html>. Acesso em: 20 ago. 2010. Adaptado.)

1. ________________________________________________________________________? 2. ________________________________________________________________________? 3. ________________________________________________________________________? 4. ________________________________________________________________________? 5. ________________________________________________________________________?