HOSE

GENERAL DESCRIPTION
TYPES OF HOSES
PTFE HOSES
HYDRAULIC HOSE
FLEXIBLE METAL HOSES
STRIPWOUND METAL HOSES
CORRUGATED HOSES

General description of hose includes following information:

1. Inner tube material

2. outer tube material
3. Reinforcment
4. Temperature range
5. Service factor ( Ratio:-min. bursting pressure : recommended working pressure)
6. Application
7. Dimensional specifications
• Internal dia. (mm/inch) (Also referred as Nominal size)
• External dia. (mm/inch)
• Working pressure (bar/psi)
• Min bursting pressure (bar/psi)
• Min bend radius (mm/inch)
• Weight (Kg.m)

Hose: a flexible conduit consisting of a tube, reinforcement, and usually an outer cover.
Hose assembly: a general term referring to any hose coupled with end fittings of any style
attached to one or both ends
Braid: the woven portion of a hose used as reinforcement to increase pressure rating and
add hoop strength. Various materials such as polyester, cotton or metal wire are used. A
hose may have one or more braids, outside or between layers of hose material.
Composite hose: non-vulcanised hose that consists of the following: An internal wire
helix; A multi-ply wall of thermoplastic films and reinforcing fabrics in proportions that give
the required physical properties and provide a complete seal. (Note: The film content may
be built of tubular films.) A cover consisting of fabric with an abrasion resistant polymeric
coating; An external helix wire.
Bend radius: the radius of a bent section of hose measured to the innermost surface of
the curved portion.
Bend radius, minimum: the smallest radius at which a hose can be used. For Metal
Hose: -the radius of a bend measured to the hose centrelines, as recommended by the
manufacturer.
Bend radius, dynamic: the radius at which constant or continuous flexing occurs.
Pressure, rated working (or) Pressure, maximum allowable working: the maximum
pressure at which a hose or hose assembly is designed to be used.
Pressure, working (or) Pressure, service: the maximum pressure to which a hose will
be subjected, including the momentary surges in pressure, which can occur during service.
Abbreviated as WP.
Working temperature: the temperature range of the application may include the
temperature of the fluid conveyed or the environmental conditions the assembly is
exposed to in use.

TYPES OF HOSES:

PTFE HOSES TOP

PTFE hoses have a very good chemical resistance to most fluids, resist to high
temperatures, have non-sticking and very low-friction characteristics, have almost no
aging, and can be constructed to achieve very good flexibility and pressure resistance.

Characteristics of PTFE hoses

• Chemically resistant - PTFE hoses are extremely resistant to most conveyed
fluids. The only reactants are extreme oxidizers and reducing agents (elementary
sodium, fluorine, chlorine trifluoride and related compounds), and alkali metals
(potassium and lithium).

• Temperature resistant - PTFE has a very extensive working temperature range.

PTFE hoses generally cover the range of -50°C to +200°C, which includes most
industrial applications.

• Non-sticking - PTFE offers no adherence to other substances. Even in alternate

use of fluids, contamination risk of the fluid is very limited.

• Low-friction - PTFE hoses also assure optimum flow rates of all conveyed fluids
and very limited pressure losses in the fluid lines.

• Non-toxic - PTFE is odor-, taste- and color-less and transmits none of these to the
conveyed fluids. PTFE is a FDA approved material for food contact and PTFE
hoses are excellent for the food industry.

• Un-inflammable - PTFE does not have any flame propagation

• Durable - Due to its chemically inert characteristic, PTFE hoses are virtually
ageless. PTFE hoses have limitless shelf life. Weather resistance is also virtually
limitless.
Applications

• Due to its overall excellent chemical resistance, PTFE hoses are used in a very
wide variety of industrial applications for conveyance of hot and cold gases, steam,
water, synthetic and petroleum-base hydraulic fluids, as well as corrosive
chemicals.

• Due to its non-contaminant and non-contaminable characteristics, PTFE hoses are

used in a wide variety of medical and laboratory apparatus, cosmetics, food
industry, automotive and aeronautics industries.

HYDRAULIC HOSES TOP

Multipurpose Oil, Air and Water hose (Low pressure)

Description
• Inner tube: seamless, oil-resistant synthetic rubber
• Outer tube: black, oil, weather and abrasion-resistant synthetic rubber
• Service factor: 4:1 (min. burst pressure : recommended working pressure)
• Reinforcement: 1 synthetic textile braid
• Temperature range: -40°C to +100°C (max. temperature recommended for
water base hydraulic fluids: +70°C; max. temperature recommended for air:
+50°C)
• Application: petroleum base hydraulic fluids, water base hydraulic fluids, water
and air

Lubricator Hose (High Pressure)

Description

• Inner tube: seamless, oil resistant thermoplastic

• Outer tube: black, oil, weather and abrasion resistant thermoplastic
• Service factor: 4:1 (min. burst pressure : recommended working pressure)
• Reinforcement: high tensile synthetic textile braids
• Temperature range: - 40ºC to + 100ºC for water base hydraulic fluids: +70°C;
max. temperature recommended
 • Application: lubrication machines using all types of petroleum based lubricants
and greases

HYDRAULIC HOSE WITH SMOOTH PTFE LINING (HIGH PRESSURE) TOP

Description

• Inner tube: seamless smooth polytetrafluorethylene (PTFE)

• Reinforcement: 1 high resistance stainless steel wire braid
• Temperature range: -50°C to +200°C
• Application: water base, petroleum base or synthetic base hydraulic fluids,
corrosive and high temperature gases and liquids

HYDRAULIC HOSE WITH CORRUGATED PTFE LINING (HIGH PRESSURE) TOP

Description
• Inner tube: seamless corrugated polytetrafluorethylene (PTFE) tube
• Reinforcement: 1 high resistance stainless steel wire braid
• Temperature range: -50°C to +200°C
• Application: water base, petroleum base or synthetic base hydraulic fluids,
corrosive and high temperature gases and liquids

SINGLE SMOOTH ptfe TUBE

Description

• Inner tube: seamless smooth polytetrafluorethylene (PTFE)

• Temperature range: -50°C to +200°C
• Application: water base, petroleum base or synthetic base hydraulic fluids,
corrosive and high temperature gases and liquids at low pressure, electrical
isolation applications

FLEXIBLE METAL HOSES TOP

Metal hose is used when temperature extremes, corrosive media, or permeation preclude
the use of rubber, PTFE, or plastic hose. Typical applications are found in steel making,
chemical processing, paper manufacturing, petroleum refining, and in numerous other
industrial applications.
Where rigid connections are impractical, flexible metal hose provides non-rigid
connections for conveying liquids, gases and semi-solids.

Following are the benefits and advantages of flexible metal hoses

• High physical strength combined with light weight.

• Suitable for wide temperature range

• [-2700 C to + 7000C]

• Good corrosion resistance.

• Resistance to fire, moisture, abrasion and penetration.

• Absorbs vibration and noise from pumps, compressors, engines etc

• Compensates for thermal expansion or contraction of piping.

• Connects misaligned rigid piping.

• A flexible and quick option for right piping in difficult locations.

STRIPWOUND METAL HOSES TOP

STRIP WOUND HOSES are manufactured by helically winding a pre-formed strip around
a mandrel of the required size. A packing of copper wire, rubber or yarn may be provided
within the folds during the manufacturing process to obtain liquid tightness. Special
winding processes ensure a low leakage rate and high flexibility.

1. Square locked metal hoses

Square locked hose is a highly flexible low-pressure hose with many applications,
including protective casing, electrical wiring conduit, and electronic shielding.
These hoses can be packed or unpacked

Types of packing
1. cotton
2. stainless wires
3. apyrous
4. elastomeric

2. Interlocked metal hoses

Interlocked hose is made by folding the edges of the metal strips together. Interlocked
hose is stronger than square locked hose and is ideally suited for fume and dry material
handling.
Features
• High strength construction
• Temperature and corrosion resistant
• Flexibilty
• Can be formed and holds its shape

Applications
Non rigid connections for conveying gases and semi solid materials
Dust and fume collections
Engine exhaust and flexible tail pipe applications
Hot air blower and suction hose application
Liner for corrugatedhose and braid assemblies
Steam hose protection

They can also be of packed or unpacked type

Types of packing
 1. cotton
2. stainless wires
3. apyrous
4. elastomeric

• CORRUGATED HOSES TOP

The corrugated hose is manufactured from a cylindrical, thin walled tube formed from
rolled strip and joined at the seam by butt welding. Impressed into this tube is a corrugated
annular profile. Annular corrugated hose has several advantages over helical hose. It is
not subject to damaging torsional stress due to longitudinal expansion resulting from
pressure rises. When the corrugations are closely spaced, the hose is referred to as
"standard pitch" hose. When the corrugations are more widely spaced, the hose is referred
to as "open pitch" hose.
The thickness of the metal strip, the height of the corrugations and the number of
corrugations per foot all affect the performance characteristics of metal hose. Flexibility in
corrugated hose is the result of the bending of the metal corrugations. Service life varies
depending upon the severity of the flexing, the temperature, corrosive conditions, pressure
and vibration to which the hose is subjected. is the result of the bending of the metal
corrugations. Service life varies depending upon the severity of the flexing, the
temperature, corrosive conditions, pressure and vibration to which the hose is subjected.
Unless restrained, corrugated hose will elongate when subjected to increasing internal
pressure. This restraint is provided by a braided covering, consisting of a tubular sheath of
woven metal wires fitted tightly over the corrugated hose and secured at each end.
Flexibility of the corrugated hose is not appreciably affected by this wire braid covering. In
addition, the braid provides squirm support and dampens vibration. In higher pressure
applications, the use of additional braid covers will provide additional working pressure.
Unbraided hose is satisfactory for vacuum and low pressure applications.
Corrugated hose is recommended for applications involving permanent bends, and in
situations where flexing is predictable, that is, machine controlled. Also, whenever absolute
leak prevention is essential, corrugated hose should be selected.
Braiding materials can be : stainless steels, steels, bronze, inconel, monel etc.

STAINLESS STEEL CORRUGATED HOSE

Stainless steel hoses facilitate relative movement of the parts to be connected, adapt to
thermal expansion, resist to high pressure and offer good corrosion resistance to a wide
range of fluids.
Braid provided on the inner tube plays an important role. When pressure is applied,
unbraided corrugated hose tends to elongate axially. To restrain this an external layer of
SS wire is provided on the hose. The braid is necessary to prevent elongation and to make
the assembly pressure resistant.
Some times two or even three layer of braiding are provided for high pressure applications.
The braiding is highly flexible and follows the movement of the hose.
The braiding is normally manufactured in SS 304 wire. SS 316 and SS 321

Annular Corrugated AISI 304 St Steel Hose

Description

• Inner tube: AISI 304 stainless steel annular corrugated wide pitch
• Reinforcement: one AISI 304 stainless steel braid
• Temperature range: - 200ºC to + 500ºC

Helical Corrugated AISI 304 St St Hose

Description

• Inner tube: AISI 304 stainless steel helicaly corrugated wide pitch
• Reinforcement: one AISI 304 stainless steel braid
• Temperature range: - 200ºC to + 500ºC

Polygonal stripwound stainless steel exhaust hose

Description

• Inner tube: AISI 304 stainless steel medium pitch, polygonal cross-section
• Temperature range: - 200ºC to + 500ºC

HOSES FOR WATER AND STEAM

Steel wire reinforced rubber water hose (low pressure)

Description

• Inner tube: seamless non-toxic synthetic rubber

• Service factor: 5:1 (min. burst pressure : recommended working pressure)
• Reinforcement: 1high tensile steel braid
• Temperature range: 0°C to +70°C
• Application: pumping systems for water and non-corrosive liquids

Multi-spiral steel wire reinforced waterblasting hose (very high pressure)

Description

• Inner tube: seamless synthetic rubber

• Outer tube: black, oil, weather and abrasion resistant synthetic rubber
• Service factor: 2.5:1 (min. burst pressure : recommended working pressure)
• Reinforcement: 4 or 6 plies of spirally wrapped high tensile steel wire separated
by layers of synthetic rubber
• Temperature range: 0°C to +120°C
• Application: very high pressure water jet machines

Suction, delivery and return hose for water

Description

• Inner tube: seamless water resistant synthetic rubber

• Outer tube: black, smooth, weather and abrasion resistant synthetic rubber
 • Service factor: 3:1 (min. burst pressure : recommended working pressure)
• Reinforcement: layers of high resistance synthetic textile and one high tensile
steel wire helix
• Temperature range: 0°C to +65°C
• Application: water suction & discharge general use

HOSES FOR AUTOMOBILES

Steel wire braid reinforced fuel line hose (low pressure)

Description

• Inner tube: seamless nitrile rubber, resistant to oil

• Service factor: 5:1 (min. burst pressure : recommended working pressure)
• Reinforcement: 1 external galvanized steel braid
• Temperature range: - 10ºC to + 70ºC
• Application: automobile fuel lines, oil, gasoil and oil emulsion cooling water

Textile reinforced hydraulic brake hose (high pressure)

Description

• Inner tube: seamless, brake fluid resistant synthetic rubber

• Outer tube: black, oil, weather and abrasion resistant synthetic rubber
• Service factor: 3:1 (min. burst pressure : recommended working pressure)
• Reinforcement: 2 high tensile synthetic textile braids
• Temperature range: - 40ºC to + 100ºC
• Application: non-petroleum base hydraulic brake lines for automobiles

HOSES FOR FUEL TRANSFER

Suction, delivery and return hose for oil, gasoline, diesel & other fuels

Description
• Inner tube: seamless synthetic rubber inner tube, resistant to oil, gasoline, diesel
and fuels with up to 40% aromatic content, with anti-static characteristics
• Outer tube: black, oil, weather and abrasion resistant synthetic rubber, with anti-
static characteristics
• Service factor: 3:1 (min. burst pressure : recommended working pressure)
• Reinforcement: layers of high resistance synthetic textile and one high tensile
steel wire helix
• Temperature range: - 30ºC to + 90ºC
• Application: suction & discharge of gasoline and fuels

HOSES FOR INDUSTRIAL GASES

Textile reinforced acetylene and oxygen twin hose (medium pressure)

Description
• Inner tube: acetylene and oxygen resistant synthetic rubber
• Outer tube: black, oil, weather and abrasion resistant synthetic rubber
• Service factor: 3:1 (min. burst pressure : recommended working pressure)
• Reinforcement: 1 high tensile synthetic textile braid
• Temperature range: - 35ºC to + 100ºC
• Application: portable or production line acetylene welding equipment

Textile braid reinforced rubber air hose (medium duty)

Description

• Inner tube: natural and synthetic rubber compound

• Outer tube: black, weather and abrasion resistant, EPDM blended rubber
compound
• Service factor: 3:1 (min. burst pressure : recommended working pressure)
• Reinforcement: 1 high resistance synthetic textile braid
• Temperature range: - 25ºC to + 90ºC
• Application: compressed air lines in portable and production line equipment water
lines in portable and production line equipment

HOSES FOR ABRASIVE & CORROSIVE FLOW

Dry cement discharge hose (low pressure)

Description

• Inner tube: natural rubber compound

• Outer tube: black, weather, heat and abrasion resistant rubber compound
• Service factor: 3:1 (min. burst pressure : recommended working pressure)
• Reinforcement: high resistance synthetic textile braids
• Temperature range: up to + 60ºC
• Application: discharge of dry cement and other dry bulk materials

Corrosive chemicals discharge hose (low pressure)

Description
 • Inner tube: acid resistant synthetic rubber compound
• Outer tube: black, weather, heat, chemical and abrasion resistant rubber
compound
• Service factor: 3:1 (min. burst pressure : recommended working pressure)
• Reinforcement: high resistance synthetic textile braids
• Temperature range: up to + 60ºC
• Application: discharge of acid, base and corrosive chemicals

PLASTIC HOSES

Corrosion resistant PVC hose with textile reinforcement

Description

• Inner tube: seamless, chemically resistant, PVC compound

• Outer tube: seamless PVC, lengthwise fluted
• Reinforcement: high resistance synthetic textile braids
• Temperature range: 0°C to +60°C
• Application: agricultural insecticide and pesticide spraying

Food-quality PVC water hose

Description

• Inner tube: seamless, non-toxic, food-quality PVC

• Outer tube: seamless PVC
• Reinforcement: 1 polyester braid
• Temperature range: 0°C to +60°C
• Application: food industry
Hose Fittings
Barb: the portion of a fitting (coupling) that is inserted into the hose, usually comprised of
two or more radial serrations or ridges designed to form a redundant seal between the
hose and fitting.
Barbed and ferrule fitting: a two-piece hose fitting comprised of a barbed insert (nipple),
normally with peripheral ridges or backward-slanted barbs, for inserting into a hose and a
ferrule, usually crimped or swaged.

Serrations: bumps, barbs, corrugations, or other features that increase the holding power
of the device
Shank: that portion of a fitting, which is inserted into the bore of a hose.
Banjo Fitting- a through bolted designed featuring a hollow circle or "donut" attached to
one end of the fitting barb so that the inner diameter is along the hose axis.
Barbed inserts- for low or medium pressure air, water and fluids. Machined brass with
serrated shank; NPT or NPTF male and solid female, and NPSM swivel female; thread
seal to NPT or NPTF female, and ball end or washer seal to NPSM female. Attached with
bands or clamps.

Band Clamp - use with low or medium pressure and suction service. Pre-formed flat
stainless steel, high carbon steel. Attached with special locking band tool.
Double Bolt Clamp - use with low or medium pressure and suction service with large sizes
of combination nipples or couplings. Cast malleable iron, plated, and brass. Applied over
hose and bolted into position.

Single Bolt Clamp - use with low pressure and suction service on shank couplings,
combination nipples, and pipe nipples. Cast malleable iron, plated. Attached by bolting
tightly on hose.

Wire Hose Clamp - suitable for medium pressure air, water or general purpose hose; good
for hose with helical wire or corrugations; available in larger sizes for pin lug, serrated pipe
nipple or combination. Pre-formed round wire made of stainless steel, galvanized steel,
copper, bronze or aluminum. Wire ends pulled and crimped with special tool or machine.

Reference URL’s:
1. http://www.balflex.com/Catalogue.asp
2. http://www.bengalind.com/prod.htm
3. http://www.precisionhose.com/index.htm
4. http://www.tamparubber.com/hosecmet.htm