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Prepaidsubscriptionwithroaming

The initial driving force behind CAMEL was to give mobile users with prepaid accounts the ability to bil ih id h bili roam to other networks Many operators implement their prepaid accounts on a service node with a specialized database for the prepaid accounts. When a prepaid subscriber places a call, the MSC , consults the service node for a credit check, and the service node will respond by granting a certain connection time based on the remaining credit.

If there is no credit, the service node will tell the MSC to refuse the call call. Such prepaid implementations b d on service h d l based nodes or local IN systems do not allow the subscriber to place calls i other networks, b ib l ll in h k because there is no standardized interface that lets the MSC i a visited network consult a l h SC in ii d k l service node in the home network

CAMEL provides a solution because it lets the CAMELprovidesasolution,becauseitletsthe MSCinthevisitednetworkconsulttheSCFin thehomenetwork. the home network

PrepaidroamingwithCAMEL.

Procedure
Whentheroamingsubscribertriestomakean outgoingcallinavisitednetwork,theVLRfirst checksforthepresenceofOCSI. checks for the presence of O CSI IfOCSIisfound,thecallrequiresCAMELtreatment If O CSI is found the call requires CAMEL treatment andtheSSFstartstheOBCSM. The OCSI contains a trigger for the prepaid service at the Collected Info detection point. Collected_
The BCSM encounters this detection point after the user has dialed the destination number, and triggers the prepaid service in the SCF. d h

Theservicelogicprogramfortheprepaid servicefirstchecksthecurrentcreditofthe service first checks the current credit of the subscribersprepaidaccountandinstructs theSSFtoallowthecalltoproceedfora the SSF to allow the call to proceed for a limitedamountoftime.
The amount of time that the SCF allows the SSF TheamountoftimethattheSCFallowstheSSF forthecallcandependonthevisitednetwork location,thedestinationofthecall,andtariff , , tablesforthevisitednetwork.

The OBCSM starts a timer and completes the call Upon call. expiration of the allowed time, the SSF sends another trigger to the SCF. gg As a result, the SCF updates the credit of the prepaid account and checks again whether the remaining credit is sufficient.
If there is sufficient credit to continue the procedure, steps 4 and 5 are repeated. d d

If there i i ffi i h is insufficient credit, as i the example i Fi di in h l in Figure, the SCF clears the call.

GPRSCoreNetwork
TheGeneralPacketRadioService (GPRS)system isusedbyGSM mobilephones,themost commonmobilephonesystemintheworld,for common mobile phone system in the world for transmittingIPpackets. TheGPRScorenetwork isthecentralizedpartof theGPRSsystem. ItalsoprovidessupportforWCDMAbased3G networks. networks The GPRS core network is an integrated part of TheGPRScorenetworkisanintegratedpartof theGSMnetworkswitchingsubsystem.

Generalsupportfunctions
TheGPRScorenetworkprovidesmobilitymanagement, sessionmanagementandtransportforInternetProtocol session management and transport for Internet Protocol packetservicesinGSMandWCDMAnetworks. Thecorenetworkalsoprovidessupportforotheradditional functionssuchasbillingandlawfulinterception. LikeGSMingeneral,GPRSmoduleisanopenstandards drivensystem.Thestandardizationbodyisthe3GPP. driven system The standardization body is the 3GPP

GPRScorestructure

GPRStunnelling protocol(GTP)
GPRStunnelling protocol isthedefiningIPprotocolof theGPRScorenetwork. Primarilyitistheprotocolwhichallowsendusersofa GSMtomovefromplacetoplacewhilecontinuingto GSM t f l t l hil ti i t connecttotheInternetasiffromonelocationatthe GatewayGPRSSupportNode(GGSN). Itdoesthisbycarryingthesubscriber'sdatafromthe subscriber'scurrentServingGPRSSupportNode (SGSN)totheGGSNwhichishandlingthesubscriber's session.

3formsofGTPareusedbytheGPRScorenetwork
GTPUfortransferofuserdatainseparatedtunnels foreachPacketDataProtocol(PDP)context GTPCforcontrolreasonsincluding: g
setupanddeletionofPDPcontexts verificationofGSNreachability updates;e.g.,assubscribersmovefromoneSGSNto another.

GTPfortransferofchargingdatafromGSNstothe chargingfunction. charging function

GGSNs and SGSNs (collectively known as GGSNsandSGSNs(collectivelyknownas GSNs)listenforGTPCmessagesonUDPport 2123andforGTP Umessagesonport2152. 2123 and for GTPU messages on port 2152 Thi Thiscommunicationhappenswithinasingle i i h i hi i l networkormay,inthecaseofinternational roaming,happeninternationally,typically i h i i ll i ll acrossaGPRSroamingexchange(GRX).

TheChargingGatewayFunction(CGF)listens toGTPmessagessentfromtheGSNsonTCP to GTP messages sent from the GSNs on TCP orUDPport3386. Thecorenetworksendscharginginformation totheCGF,typicallyincludingPDPcontext activationtimesandthequantityofdata whichtheenduserhastransferred.

GPRSsupportnodes(GSN)
A GSN is a network node which supports the AGSNisanetworknodewhichsupportsthe useofGPRSintheGSMcorenetwork. AllGSNsshouldhaveaGn interfaceand supporttheGPRStunnelling protocol. h GPRS lli l TherearetwokeyvariantsoftheGSN,namely GatewayandServingGPRSSupportNode. y g pp

GatewayGPRSSupportNode(GGSN)
The Gateway GPRS Support Node (GGSN) is a TheGatewayGPRSSupportNode(GGSN)isa maincomponentoftheGPRSnetwork. TheGGSNisresponsiblefortheinterworking betweentheGPRSnetworkandexternal b h GPRS k d l packetswitchednetworks,liketheInternet andX.25 networks. d X 25 k

GatewayGPRSSupportNode(GGSN)
Fromanexternalnetwork'spointofview,theGGSNisa routertoasubnetwork,becausetheGGSNhidesthe GPRSinfrastructurefromtheexternalnetwork. Wh th GGSN WhentheGGSNreceivesdataaddressedtoaspecificuser, i d t dd dt ifi itchecksiftheuserisactive. Ifitis,theGGSNforwardsthedatatotheSGSNservingthe mobileuser,butifthemobileuserisinactive,thedatais discarded. On the other hand mobile originated packets are ro ted to Ontheotherhand,mobileoriginatedpacketsareroutedto therightnetworkbytheGGSN.

GatewayGPRSSupportNode(GGSN)
The GGSN is the anchor point that enables the TheGGSNistheanchorpointthatenablesthe mobilityoftheuserterminalintheGPRS/UMTS networks. Inessence,itcarriesouttheroleinGPRS equivalenttotheHomeAgentinMobileIP. It maintains routing necessary to tunnel the Itmaintainsroutingnecessarytotunnelthe ProtocolDataUnits(PDUs)totheSGSNthat serviceaparticularMS(MobileStation).

ServingGPRSSupportNode(SGSN)
A Serving GPRS Support Node (SGSN) is AServingGPRSSupportNode(SGSN)is responsibleforthedeliveryofdatapacketsfrom andtothemobilestationswithinitsgeographical g g p servicearea. Itstasksincludepacketroutingandtransfer, mobilitymanagement(attach/detachand mobility management (attach/detach and locationmanagement),logicallinkmanagement, andauthenticationandchargingfunctions. g g

ServingGPRSSupportNode(SGSN)
The location register of the SGSN stores ThelocationregisteroftheSGSNstores locationinformation(e.g.,currentcell,current VLR)anduserprofiles(e.g.,IMSI,address(es) VLR) and user profiles (e g IMSI address(es) usedinthepacketdatanetwork)ofallGPRS usersregisteredwiththisSGSN. users registered with this SGSN

CommonSGSNFunctions
Detunnel GTPpacketsfromtheGGSN(downlink) Tunnel IP packets toward the GGSN (uplink) TunnelIPpacketstowardtheGGSN(uplink) CarryoutmobilitymanagementasStandby modemobilemovesfromoneRoutingAreato anotherRoutingArea Billinguserdata

PDPContext
Thepacketdataprotocol(PDP;e.g.,IP,X.25, FrameRelay)contextisadatastructure presenton boththeServingGPRSSupportNode (SGSN)andthe both the Serving GPRS Support Node (SGSN) and the GatewayGPRSSupportNode (GGSN)whichcontains thesubscriber'ssessioninformationwhenthe subscriberhasanactivesession. b ib h ti i When a mobile wants to use GPRS it must first attach WhenamobilewantstouseGPRS,itmustfirstattach andthenactivateaPDPcontext. ThisallocatesaPDPcontextdatastructureintheSGSN thatthesubscriberiscurrentlyvisitingandtheGGSN servingthesubscriber'saccesspoint. i th b ib ' i t

PDPContextContains
Subscriber's IP address Subscriber sIPaddress Subscriber'sIMSI S b ib ' Subscriber's
TunnelEndpointID(TEID)attheGGSN TunnelEndpointID(TEID)attheSGSN

InterfacesintheGPRSnetwork
Gb Interface between the base station subsystem and the SGSN the InterfacebetweenthebasestationsubsystemandtheSGSNthe transmissionprotocolcouldbeFrameRelayorIP. Gn IPBasedinterfacebetweenSGSNandotherSGSNsand(internal) GGSNs.DNSalsosharesthisinterface.UsestheGTPProtocol. Gp IPbasedinterfacebetweeninternalSGSNandexternalGGSNs. BetweentheSGSNandtheexternalGGSN,thereistheborder gateway(whichisessentiallyafirewall).AlsousestheGTPProtocol. Ga TheinterfaceserverstheCDRs(accountingrecords)whichare writtenintheGSNandsenttothecharginggateway(CG).This p , pp interfaceusesaGTPbasedprotocol,withmodificationsthatsupports CDRs(CalledGTP' orGTPprime).

InterfacesintheGPRSnetwork
G I Gr InterfacebetweentheSGSNandtheHLR.Messagesgoing f b h SGSN d h HLR M i throughthisinterfaceusestheMAP3protocol. Gd InterfacebetweentheSGSNandtheSMSGateway.Canuse MAP1,MAP2orMAP3. Gs InterfacebetweentheSGSNandtheMSC(VLR).Usesthe BSSAP+protocol.Thisinterfaceallowspagingandstation BSSAP+ protocol This interface allows paging and station availabilitywhenitperformsdatatransfer.Whenthestationis attachedtotheGPRSnetwork,theSGSNkeepstrackofwhich routingarea(RA)thestationisattachedto.AnRAisapartofa largerlocationarea(LA).Whenastationispagedthisinformation p isusedtoconservenetworkresources.Whenthestationperforms aPDPcontext,theSGSNhastheexactBTSthestationisusing.

InterfacesintheGPRSnetwork
Gi IP based interface between the GGSN and a public IPbasedinterfacebetweentheGGSNandapublic datanetwork(PDN)eitherdirectlytotheInternetor throughaWAPgateway. Ge TheinterfacebetweentheSGSNandtheSCP; usestheCAPprotocol.

CAMELarchitecture
Home Network

HLR
MAP

gsmSCF
CAP

gprsSSF SGSN
MS

Interrogating Network

Visiting Network

Home/Interrogating/Visiting Network

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FunctionalArchitectureofGPRS/IN Interworking
The functional entities involved in a GPRS IN system are the following: HLR: The HLR stores for subscribers requiring CAMEL support the information relevant to the current subscribed GPRS CAMEL Subscription Information (GPRS CSI). SGSN: The SGSN monitors on request the GPRS events and informs the gprsSSF of these events during service gp g processing, enabling the gprsSSF to control the execution of the GPRS session or individual PDP contexts in the SGSN.
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FunctionalArchitectureofGPRS/IN Interworking
gsmSCF: Functional entity (FE) that contains the CAMEL service logic. It interfaces with the gprsSSF. SSF gprsSSF: FE th t i t f SSF that interfaces th SGSN t th the to the gsmSCF.

MAP/CAPprotocolstack
CAPhasthesameunderlyingprotocolstackasMAP. Ge interfaceisfirstdefinedin3G,didntappearin2.5G.

MAP TCAP SCCP MTP3 MTP2 L1 SGSN Gr

MAP TCAP SCCP MTP3 MTP2 L1 HLR

CAP TCAP SCCP MTP3 MTP2 L1 gprsSSF Ge

CAP TCAP SCCP MTP3 MTP2 L1 gsmSCF


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OverallCAMELArchitecture
gsmSCF CAP Interface
GPRS Dialogue Handler

Internal CAP Interface gprsSSF Internal Interface


MobileStation

SGSN

GTP

GGSN
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GPRSCSI
The GPRSCSI consists of the CAMEL subscriber data for a GPRS IN subscriber, such as gsmSCF Address, Service Key, Default GPRS handling Trigger Detection Point (TDP) list handling, list, CAMEL capability handling, and CSI state. When processing GPRS request for subscribers requiring IN support, the SGSN receives a GPRSCSI from the HLR, indicating th SGSN t request i t ti i di ti the to t instructions f from th the gprsSSF. According to the TDP list, the gprsSSF sets Detection Points (DPs) which will invoke GPRS IN service when ( ) detected.
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GPRSCAMELDPs&InformationFlows
GPRS events may be made visible to the gsmSCF. The DPs are the points in association at which these events are detected. Seven DPs are defined in the CAMEL3 specifications, four for GPRS session, others for Co te t. PDP Context.
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DetectionPoints(DPs)
GPRS events maybe made visible to gsmSCF. DPs are points at which these events are detected. DPs can be armed to notify gsmSCF GPRS event was encountered, and to allow gsmSCF to influence d d ll fl subsequent handling of GPRS session/PDP Context. If DP isnt armed, processing entity continues processing without gsmSCF involvement at the DP DP.

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DetectionPoints(DPs) Detection Points (DPs)


3differenttypesofDP:
Trigger Detection Point Request (TDP R) TriggerDetectionPointRequest(TDPR) EventDetectionPointRequest(EDPR) E t D t ti P i t N tifi ti (EDP N) EventDetectionPointNotification(EDPN)

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DetectionPoints(DPs)
TDPR Staticallyarmed,initiateaCAMELcontrolrelationship WhenGPRSeventisencountered,processingissuspended EDP R EDPR DynamicallyarmedwithinCAMELcontrolrelationship WhenGPRSeventisencountered,processingissuspended andgprsSSF waitsforinstfromgsmSCF EDP N EDPN DynamicallyarmedwithinCAMELcontrolrelationship WhenGPRSeventisencountered,processingisnotsuspended.
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GPRSAttach/DetachStateModel
3 DPs are defined: 3DPsaredefined:
DPAttach DPChangeofPosition GPRSsession DPDetach
Detached

Attach request Detach AD_Exception

Attach User- or network initiated detach

Attached
Intra SGSN Routeing area update

Inter SGSNRouteing area update

Change of Position GPRS Session

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GPRSPDPContextStateModel

Idle

4DPsaredefined:

DP PDP Context DPPDPContext PDP Context Est Est. PDP_Context_ C_Exception Establishment PDP Context Setup Disconnection PDP Context DPPDPContext Setup Ack. PDP Context Est. Ack. EstablishmentAck User or network PDP_Context_ DPPDPContext initiated disc. Established Disconnection Routeing R t i area update d t Change of Position Context DPChangeof PositionContext Routeing area update
Change of Position context
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PDP Context Setup Req

InformationFlows
Fourteen information flows (IFS) are specified for information exchange between the gsmSCF and the gprsSSF gprsSSF. These IFs are new CAP messages introduced by CAMEL3.

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EssentialDifferencesbetweenCAMEL3GPRSINandPre Specifications

Interworking with GPRS is the new feature introduced b CAMEL3 together with new FE i d d by CAMEL3, h ih FE, DPs, CAP messages etc. Of all these aspects, some are similar with p , CAMEL2 or CAMEL1, such as GPRSCSI and the g y g new messages. They do not bring substantial effect on existing GSM IN systems.

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ThePDPContext The PDP Context


Same PDP (IP) address and APN

ISP X
GGSN

PDP Context X2 (APN X, IP address X, QoS2)

APN X N

PDP Context X1 (APN X, IP address X, QoS1)

Terminal

SGSN

PDP Context selection based on TFT (downstream)

ISP Y
GGSN
APN Y APN Z

PDP Context Y (APN Y, IP address Y, QoS)

PDP Context Z (APN Z, IP address Z, QoS)

ISP Z

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PDPCONTEXT
When an MS attaches to the Network, the SGSN creates a Mobility Management context containing information pertaining to e.g., mobility and security for the MS. At At PDP Context Activation (PDP - Packet Data Protocol), the SGSN and GGSN create a PDP context, containing information about the session (e.g. IP address, QoS, routing information , etc.), Each Subscriber may activate several PDP Contexts towards the same or different GGSNs. When activated towards the same GGSN, they can use the same or different IP addresses.

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ControlofGPRSDialogue

A GPRS dialogue is a dialogue between the gp gprsSSF and the gsmSCF as a result of g opening a new control relationship between the two FEs. A GPRS IN service instance is invoked within a GPRS dialogue.

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GPRSCAMELScenarios
2 scenarios for CAMEL control of GPRS 2scenariosforCAMELcontrolofGPRS
Scenario1
AllowsCAMELcontrolofGPRSsessionandofmultiplePDP contextswithin1GPRSdialogue

Scenario2
Allows CAMEL control of a single PDP contexts AllowsCAMELcontrolofasinglePDPcontexts MultiplePDPcontextsarecontrolledviamultipleGPRSdialogues.

Scenario1andscenario2aremutuallyexclusive.

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Scenario 2 is easily implemented based on existing GSM IN system, b t because each PDP context could b h t t ld be handled similar to a call. For the first scenario, a GPRS dialogue always consists of one GPRS session State Model and optionally of additional multiple GPRS PDP Context State Models related to the GPRS session State Model.
The various PDP Context State Models are treated h d l d independently of each other.

The GSM IN system, which only supports the sequential execution of a single service logic, cannot satisfy this scenario scenario.
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GPRSCAMELScenario1
InvolvesAttach/Detachstatemodel Useslessresource(TCAPdialogue) Morecomplicatedwhenimplementation

SGSN / SSP A/D SM PDP#1 SM PDP#2 SM

GPRS Dialogue Information flow related to the Session Information flow related to PDP Context #1 Information flow related to PDP Context #2

SCP

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GPRSCAMELScenario2
DoesntinvolvesAttach/Detachstatemodel Usesmoreresource(TCAPdialogue) Simplerwhenimplementation
SGSN / SSP PDP#1 SM GPRS Dialogue #1 Information flow related to PDP context #1 SCP

PDP#2 SM

Information flow related to PDP context #2 GPRS Dialogue #2


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GPRS CSI GPRSCSI


GPRSCSIcontainsfollowinginformation
gsmSCFAddress ServiceKey DefaultGPRSHandling TDPList CAMELCapabilityHandling CSIstate CSI state Notificationflag gsmSCFaddresslistforCSI gsmSCF address list for CSI
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PDPContextActivationin2.5G PDP Context Activation in 2 5G


C1:DPforCAMEL_GPRS_PDP_Context_Establishment C2:DPforCAMEL_GPRS_PDP_Context_Establishment_Acknowledgement
MS BSS 2G-SGSN 2G SGSN 2G-GGSN 2G GGSN

1. Activate PDP Context Request C1 2. Security Functions 3. Invoke Trace 4. Create PDP Context Request 4. Create PDP Context Response 7. BSS Packet Flow Context Procedures C2 9. Activate PDP Context Accept
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PDPContextActivationin3G PDP Context Activation in 3G


C1:DPforCAMEL_GPRS_PDP_Context_Establishment. C2:DPforCAMEL_GPRS_PDP_Context_Establishment_Acknowledgement
MS UTRAN 3G-SGSN 3G SGSN 3G-GGSN 3G GGSN 1. Activate PDP Context Request C1 4. Create PDP Context Request 4. Create PDP Context Response 5. Radio Access Bearer Setup 6. Invoke Trace 8. Update PDP Context Request 8. Update PDP Context Response p p C2 9. Activate PDP Context Accept
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SGSNRoutingUpdate
A GPRS IN customer may roam to a new service area (within the same SGSN or belonging to a new SGSN) while involved in a GPRS dialogue , which is called SGSN Routing Area Update. When the roaming occurs within a SGSN it is called SGSN, IntraSGSN Routing Area Update, which would make no effect on IN service execution because the gprsSSF is implemented on SGSN; otherwise it is an InterSGSN Routing Area Update
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SGSNRoutingUpdate
TheoldattachedGPRSsessionwouldbedetachedfrom theoldSGSNandattachedtothenewSGSNonceaGPRS customerroamstoanewSGSN,and SGSN d theactivatedPDPcontextswouldbehandedovertothe newSGSNandreestablishedthereatthesametime. new SGSN and reestablished there at the same time The gsmSCF should be informed about the transition ThegsmSCF shouldbeinformedaboutthetransition usingdefinedDPsandCAPmessagesifthecustomeris currentlyinvolvedinaGPRSINserviceinstance.
ThegsmSCF isresponsibleforcontinuingtheservicewhile makingthetransitiontransparenttothecustomer.

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SGSNRoutingUpdate
I CAMEL3 th ld GPRS di l InCAMEL3theoldGPRSdialoguebetweenthegsmSCF andtheold b t th SCF d th ld gprsSSF (ontheoldSGSN)shouldbeclosed,atthesametimeanew GPRSdialoguebetweenthegsmSCF andthenewgprsSSF (onthe newSGSN)wouldbeopened. SGSN) ld b d

ThisisdifferentfromtheGSMINsystemwheretheCAMEL relationshipwouldbemaintainedallthroughtheserviceexecution duetoAnchorMSCwhichwouldbethesameduringacallevenifa due to Anchor MSC which would be the same during a call even if a roamingoccurs.

ThoughtheGPRSdialogueisnotthesameincaseofinterSGSN g p , p Routingareaupdate,theserviceisnotdisturbedfromthepointof viewoftheGPRScustomerinvolved.


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Charging
The difference between the GPRS IN system and the GSM ThedifferencebetweentheGPRSINsystemandtheGSM INsystemisthatchargingmaybeondatavolumeinthe GPRSINsystem. AddingnewchargingfunctiontothegsmSCF isrequired whilemaintainingtheconventionalserviceexecution while maintaining the conventional service execution mechanism. R l i RealtimechargingonsimultaneousPDPcontextsis h i i l PDP i virtuallythemostdifficultproblemregardingcharging. Inparticular,whenthecustomerwhoseaccountisnot obeyedtooverdraw(aPPScustomer)hasmorethanone activatedPDPcontextsatonetime,thegsmSCF should activated PDP contexts at one time the gsmSCF should alwaysensuretheaccountbalancepositivewhileproviding duration/volumeasmuchaspossibletothecustomer. 55

Charging
The basic way for charging is a request/assign process, that is, prior to the actual data transfer a new activated PDP transfer, context must ask for some duration/volume from the gsmSCF which then assigns fixed duration/volume (called a unit) to the PDP context according to related account balance and the customers status, such as the number of activated PDP contexts for him. When the assigned threshold is reached, the PDP context must apply again which invokes another again, request/assign process. The PDP context must return the remaining duration/volume t th account while fi i h d d ti / l to the t hil finished.
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CAMELproceduresforcharging activities
Procedure ApplyChargingGPRS ApplyChargingReportGPRS l h InitialDPGPRS ContinueGPRS C G S EventReportGPRS RequestReportGPRSEvent G S ssf -> scf > scf ->ssf >ssf -

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CAMELPREPAIDSERVICE
The Prepaid Service (PPS) permits the GSM/UMTS service provider to collect subscriber charges before the telephony resources are actually utilized. The caller's mobile charges are debited from the subscriber's account in realtime. On originating of a call, the service provider may choose to i f inform the subscriber of their remaining allocated time h b ib f h i i i ll d i prior to the call proceeding.
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CAMELPREPAIDSERVICE
A Service Control Point (SCP) acts as a centralized database within a network and performs IN service call network, processing function. The SCP call handling uses the TCAP protocol service that provides reliable transaction associations between SCPs and SSPs. The SS i the MSC i the CA L services. h SSP is h SC in h CAMEL i

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CAMELPREPAIDSERVICE
AtypicalPPSnormalcallflowareasfollows 1. Themobilestation(MS),callingparty,placesacallusing PPSService. 2. TheMSC/SSPtriggersonthecallingpartyMSISDN,and queriestheSCP. 3. TheSCPretrievesthesubscriber'sprofile(usingthe CallingPartyMSISDN),appliesappropriatetariffs, Calling Party MSISDN) applies appropriate tariffs throughtariffscreeningoftheCalledPartyNumberand convertstheaccountbalanceintomaximumcall duration. duration
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CAMELPREPAIDSERVICE
4 The SCP requests the MSC/SSP to arm events and to continue the call as dialed. The SCP sends the Prepaid Call Tariff information to the SSP to indicate the subscribers current account balance and the call's flat and balance, call s variable rate.

CAMELPREPAIDSERVICE
5. The MSC/SSP receives an answer indication, and notifies the SCP with an event response. The SCP begins changing for the call by decrementing the subscriber's SCP balance information at each debit interval. For each debit interval an event record i generated. d is d

ServiceCallflow
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CAMELPREPAIDSERVICE
ThereisaneedforMSC/SSPtosendTerminating InformationtotheSCP,theTCAPmessageflow Information to the SCP the TCAP message flow

ServiceMessageFlow

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