Management Functions

What is Management?
Management generally refers to the achievement of set goals and objectives by utilizing the resources available in the organization It involves setting the objectives and making sure that those objectives are achieved

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What is Management?
Goals are a generic statement of broad targets to be achieved Goals are translated to objectives Objectives are a statement of what is to be accomplished and is expressed in singular (using a verb), specific, and measurable terms with a target date Objectives are specific and measurable
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What is Management?
To achieve these organizational objectives managers have to perform certain functions To do these functions, managers have to play particulars roles A role is a set of expectations of how one will behave in a given situation

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Four management functions

There are four main managerial functions: Planning Organizing Leading Controlling

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What is planning?
The process of setting objectives and determining in advance exactly how these objectives will be met

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What is organizing?
The process of delegating and coordinating tasks and allocating resource to achieve objectives So a manager must design and develop an organizational system to implement the plans

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What is leading?
The process of influencing employees to work toward achieving objectives Manager must communicate the objectives and motivate them to achieve these objectives

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Since not all employees will do what they say, we have to have some control mechanisms.

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What is controlling?
The process of establishing and implementing mechanisms to ensure that objectives are achieved Since not all employees will do what they say

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What is Management?
In order to do the above-mentioned functions, managers have to play certain roles A role is a set of expectations of how one will behave in a given situation These roles are: Interpersonal Roles Informational Roles Decisional Roles

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What is Management?
Interpersonal Roles are:
Figurehead role, Leader, Liaison

Informational Roles
Monitor, Disseminator, Spokesperson

Decisional Roles
Entrepreneur, Disturbance handler, Resource Allocator, Negotiator

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What is Management?
Interpersonal Roles are:
Figurehead role, Leader, Liaison
Skill used: human and communication

Informational Roles
Monitor, Disseminator, Spokesperson
Skill used: human and communication

Decisional Roles
Entrepreneur, Disturbance handler, Resource Allocator, Negotiator
Skill used: conceptual and decision making management skill
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Summary
Management involves getting things done efficiently and effectively through and with other people Process of achieving organizational objectives through efficient and effective utilization of resources Or simply put: getting work done through outsiders
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Summary
Efficiently:- refers to doing things right, so as to minimize wastage, increase productivity and improve competitive advantage of the organization Effectively:- refers to doing the right things; things that are linked to the achievement of organizational objectives and have an impact on the strategy and strategic direction of the organization
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Summary
There are four main managerial functions: Planning Organizing Leading Controlling

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References
[1] David Needle, Business in context: An introduction to business and its environment , Chapman and Hall, 2nd Edition. [2] Cronje, et al, Introduction to business management, Oxford University Press, 5th Edition.

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References
[3] David L. Olson, Introduction to Information Systems Project management, McGraw-Hill, 2nd [4] Debra Paul, Donald Yates Business Analysis, BCS [5] RN Lussier, Management Fundamentals, Thomson, 3rd Edition

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References
[6] Mike Pycraft et al, Operations Management, Pearson Education, Southern African Edition [7] Steven P. Robbins, David A. Decenzo, Fundamentals of Management: Essential Concepts and Applications, Pearson Prentice Hall, 4th Edition
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References
[8] RN Lussier, Management Fundamentals: Concepts, Applications, Skills Development, South-Western Cengage Learning, 4th Edition

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