Short description of all the courses undertaken

Programme Year 1 BSc Mathematics Major with Finance Minor at Leeds University LUBS1235 Introductory Financial Accounting - Most UK organisations produce financial statements that are publicly available. This module will enable students to understand how published information is used to assess company performance using CORE analysis, based on a UK quoted company. It will consider the principles underlying the compilation of financial statements and some of the related problems such as valuation of assets and liabilities. LUBS1925 Introduction to Management Accounting - On completion of this module, each student will be able to demonstrate understanding of the basic concepts of management accounting and its role in planning, decision making and control; and demonstrate understanding and the ability to apply the concepts of decision making in the short and long term. LUBS1950 Economic Theory and Applications - The microeconomic part of the module considers how a competitive economy peopled by agents who consider only their own welfare operates. It is shown using concepts of supply and demand that such an economy need not be chaotic but may cohere. Whether such an economy works well or badly is examined using the concept of Pareto optimality. Causes of poor economic performance are then analysed under the heading of 'market failure'. The macroeconomic part of the module begins by considering the interconnections between different sectors of the economy, leading into analysis of the determination of the level of national income and employment. The impacts of fiscal and monetary policy on employment and inflation are considered. The determinants of consumer expenditure and investment are analysed, along with the causes of fluctuations in the level of economic activity. The role of the foreign sector and the determinants of the exchange rate complete this part. MATH1035 Analysis - This module is an introduction to limits and their role in the calculus. It continues by looking at the continuity and differentiability of functions on the real line. As a necessary preliminary to the understanding of limits, we first clarify our ideas of (rational, real and complex) numbers, and also we look at standard methods of proof. MATH1331 Linear Algebra with Applications - The module covers a variety of topics in linear algebra and discrete mathematics, with an emphasis on their application to financial problems. MATH1351 Applications of Mathematics - The first part of this module introduces vectors as a powerful tool for solving geometric and kinematic problems in 2 and 3 dimensions. The second part introduces the concept of discrete (as opposed to continuous) rates of change and uses this to model simple systems that arise in numerical calculation, biology, finance and economics. MATH1715 Introduction to Probability - "Probability is basically common sense reduced to calculation; it makes us appreciate with exactitude what reasonable minds feel by a sort of instinct." So said Laplace. In the modern scientific and technological world it is even more important to understand probabilistic arguments. The key ideas of probability and random variables are discussed, including the binomial, Poisson, exponential and normal distributions.

MATH1725 Introduction to Statistics - This module builds on the ideas introduced in MATH1715 by focusing on relationships between variables, including techniques for handling data arising from both related and independent samples. Inferential methods are used to compare the means of two populations, eg to compare the average wages of males and females doing similar occupations. Where two variables are related, the nature and strength of the relationship can be examined by regression procedures. The course also includes techniques relevant to the analysis of count data and tests concerning proportions. MATH1916 Basic Use of Computers for Mathematics - On completion of this module students should be able to use Latex to write simple equations, R for data anglysis, the Maple package to obtain numerical and algebraic answers to formulas in calculus and algebra. MATH1932 Calculus, ODEs and Several-Variable Calculus - To review and develop elementary functions and differential and integral calculus. To familiarise students with simple first order and constant coefficient second order ordinary differential equations, as well as methods for their solution. To extend the differential calculus to functions of several variables. By the end of this module, students should be able to: a) Differentiate simple functions and determine their Taylor series expansion; b) Use a variety of methods to integrate simple functions; c) Solve a variety of first order and constant coefficient ordinary differential equations; d) Employ several variable calculus to determine the local properties of functions of two variables. Programme Year 2 BSc Mathematics Major with Finance Minor at Leeds University LUBS2140 Intermediate Microeconomics - The aim of this module is to give students a grounding in microeconomic theory and application. Special attention will be paid to giving students the skills they need to function as practising economists able to contribute to debates such as: - Do social security payments reduce the incentive to work? - What are the implications of Morrison's take-over of Safeway? LUBS2200 Business Finance 2 - The aim of this module is to provide an introduction to corporate finance. The focus of the module is to develop the analytical tools required to undertake corporate decision making. In addition students are given an in depth research led framework for analysing why managers make certain decisions with respect to the firm and also the trade-offs that managers face. LUBS2610 Intermediate Macroeconomics - On completion of this module students will have an intermediate level of knowledge of macroeconomic models, will be able to apply a wider range of theoretical models to the study of economic problems in macroeconomics and will be able to use more advanced techniques in the application of economic models to the study of macroeconomic problems. MATH2080 Further Linear Algebra - This course carries on from Linear Algebra, MATH1060, and develops the more abstract ideas of vector spaces and linear transformations. These ideas are then applied to questions about changing bases, so that the matrices become as simple as possible.

MATH2090 Real and Complex Anglysis - Complex analysis was the great triumph of nineteenth century mathematics. The results of the French mathematician Cauchy laid the foundations for many deep results and applications to other branches of mathematics. The latter part of this course is an exposition of Cauchy's beautiful and surprising theorems about analytic functions. One such result enables us to use integration in the complex plane to calculate definite integrals which apparently do not involve the complex numbers at all! The first part of the course does some necessary spadework, deepening and extending ideas and results about continuity and differentiability of real-valued functions. MATH2210 Intro to Discrete Mathematics - Discrete mathematics deals with finite mathematical structures. It has its own flavour distinct from that of geometrical, algebraic and analytical mathematics which usually concerns itself with infinite structures. This module introduces some of the key ideas in three different areas of discrete mathematics. MATH2600 Numerical Anglysis - To show how to tackle by numerical methods many fundamental mathematical problems that cannot be solved by analytical means. On completion of this module, students should be able to:. describe how errors arise in computations;. solve simple non-linear equations by root-finding techniques;. calculate the interpolating polynomial through discrete data points;. derive and use quadrature formulae based on integration of polynomial interpolates;. write down suitable numerical schemes for solving first order ordinary differential equations;. solve linear systems of algebraic equations using Gaussian elimination and LU factorisation. MATH2640 Introduction to Optimisation - To provide a collection of theoretical and algorithmic techniques for determining optimal extrema of arbitrary functions of several variables, either with or without constraints. On completion of this module, students should be to:. (a) determine the definiteness of quadratic forms; . (b) determine exactly extrema of functions of several variables, with or without constraints, using Lagrange multipliers;. (c) use the calculus of variations to determine extrema of integrals dependent upon one or more arbitrary functions;. (d) determine approximately extrema of functions of several variables, with or without constraints, using a selection of search algorithms. MATH2715 Statistical Methods - Statistical models are important in many applications. They contain two main elements: a set of parameters with information of scientific interest (eg the mean of a normal distribution, or the slope in a regression model) and an "error distribution" representing random variation. This module lays the foundations for the analysis of such models. The first part deals with suitable choices for the "error" term, in particular looking carefully at methods for analyzing continuous distributions. The second part focuses on the construction of appropriate statistical models and the development of methods to gain information about the unknown parameters. The main emphasis is on the use of likelihood methods. We shall use practical examples from a variety of statistical applications to illustrate the ideas.

MATH2750 Introduction to Markov Processes - A stochastic process refers to any quantity which changes randomly in time. The number of people in a queue, the capacity of a reservoir, the size of a population, are all examples from the real world. The linking model for all these examples is the simple random walk. The gambler's ruin problem is an example of a simple random walk with two absorbing barriers. Replacing these absorbing barriers with reflecting barriers provides a model for reservoir capacity. With appropriate modifications the random walk can be extended to model stochastic processes which change over continuous time, not just at regularly spaced time points. As a birth-death process this can be used to model population growth, the spread of diseases like AIDS, traffic flow, the queuing of students at a coffee bar, and so on. MATH2770 Medical Statistics - New drugs and other treatments frequently appear on the market. However, before this stage, much research is carried out on a drug's effectiveness; this may often be measured in relation to other existing treatments. Issues involved include how to collect reliable data which is truly representative - without treating humans as guinea pigs. In medical trials (for example, heart transplant students) the success of the outcome may only be measurable some time later, so an analysis of the survival times can be carried out. Programme Year 3 BSc Mathematics Major with Finance Minor at Leeds University LUBS2220 Management Accounting 2 - This module will familiarise students with both the theoretical role and purposes of management accounting and with all the major aspects of management accounting practice and will enable them to better understand the various techniques, and issues surrounding them, by which accountants provide useful information to assist managers with the activities of planning, controlling, decision-making and performance measurement and management within organisations of all types. LUBS3110 Capital Market Theory - On completion of this module students will be able to: - understand the fundamentals of stock exchange investment, specifically the theoretical principles underlying stock exchange investment, concentrating on the two main characteristics of a security, risk and return; - compare and value securities such as equities, bonds, options and futures; - understand the principles underlying the design of an investment portfolio; - evaluate alternative investment strategies, both those advocated in theory and those used in practice in the stock market. LUBS3620 International Business Finance - The module is designed to provide a conceptual framework within which the key financial and strategic decisions of a multinational company can be analysed. It also includes an essential introduction to the foreign exchange markets. On completion of this module, students should have acquired an appreciation of the functions of multinationals as well as the external environment in which they must operate.

MATH3000 Information Skills in Mathematics - On completion of this module, students should be able to: a) develop a systematic search strategy to find material on a given topic, b) use the library to find journal articles, c) use Web of Science and other electronic bibliographical resources to find journal articles, d) use the web to search for information, e) evaluate the material found in terms of quality and reliability, f) use a systematic referencing convention, g) LaTex process mathematical text, h) summarise journal articles. MATH3032 Graph Theory - This module provides an introduction to the basic ideas such as connectedness, trees, planar graphs, Eulerian and Hamiltonian graphs, directed graphs and the connection between graph theory and the four colour Problem. Graph theory is an important mathematical tool in such different areas as linguistics, chemistry and, especially, operational research. This module will include some abstract proofs. MATH3232 Transformation Geometry - Two-dimensional Euclidean geometry is the study of isometries of the plane. Extending the group of transformations leads us first to affine geometry, and then to projective geometry and Poincar's disc model of non-Euclidean geometry. A basic idea is to use appropriate transformations to turn a complicated geometrical problem to a simple special case. In this way we give proofs of some classical geometrical theorems due to Ceva, Desargues, Menelaus, Pascal and Pappus. MATH3397 Nonlinear Dynamics - This course extends the study of nonlinear dynamics begun in MATH 2391, and includes an in-depth study of bifurcation theory and the transition to chaos. MATH3474 Numerical Methods - Ordinary and partial differential equations (ODEs and PDEs) are ubiquitous in the modelling of real problems arising in science, engineering and economics. However, only rarely can ODEs and PDEs be solved exactly in mathematical terms, and so approximate methods of solution are of paramount importance. The basic idea employed in this course is that of discretizing the original continuous problem to obtain a discrete problem, or system of equations, that may be solved with the aid of a computer. This course introduces the basic ideas underlying approximation and its application, via finite differences, to the solution of ODEs and PDEs. As part of the approximation process, numerical linear algebraic techniques are developed in order to provide calculable solutions to the discrete equations. MATH3733 Stochastic Financial Modelling - Financial investments such as stocks and shares are risky: their value can go down as well as up. To compensate for the risk in a fair market, a discount is needed. This module will develop the necessary probabilistic tools to enable investors to value such assets. MATH3802 Time Series - In time series, measurements are made at a succession of times, and it is the dependence between measurements taken at different times which is important. The module will concentrate on techniques for model identification, parameter estimation, diagnostic

checking and forecasting within the autoregressive moving average family of models and their extensions.