LEF BRIEFING SERIES

CSC GRANTS
IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS): The Long and Winding Road
Richard Kaczmarek September 11, 2008

2008 CSC

Outline

What is IMS? The business case for IMS 3GPP network architecture IMS architecture IMS variations IMS deployments p y

LEF Briefing Series CSC Grants

What is IMS?

IMS is a set of standards

Developed by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), an international Standards Development Organization (SDO) associated with the Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) service provider community Developed on the principles of:
Consistent look and feel to user independent of location L Layered architecture ( d hit t (application plane, control plane and t li ti l t l l d transport t plane) Functional decomposition of each layer into entities Standardized interfaces between entities (both horizontal and vertical) ti l)

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The Business Case for IMS

Improve a telecommunications carriers Return on carrier s Investment (ROI) by

Providing enhanced services to increase revenue and customer loyalty y y Providing a faster time to market due to a layered software architecture and standardized interfaces Reducing capital expenditures (capex) after IMS implementation due to a single infrastructure for all services Reducing operational expenditures (opex) after IMS implementation due to simplified operations on a single infrastructure

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The Business Case for IMS

Potential Impediments to IMS

Existing telecommunication infrastructure Cost of IMS deployments Lack of a killer application IMS variations

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3GPP Network Architecture

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IMS Architecture
Legend L d Basic Service Functionality

Application Service Layer

Interdomain Functionality

AS

Miscellaneous Functionality

Signaling and Control Layer

Dx

Legend

SLF
Dx

Signaling and Control Interface Bearer Interface

I-CSCF
Mw

Mw
Mn Mw
r

S-CSCF
Mn
Mx
M

Cx

HSS

E-CSCF
MI

Mw

Mx

P-CSCF

Mx
Mx

LRF

MRFC

BGCF

Mj

MGCF
M n

IBCF

Transport Layer

PCRF

MRFP

Mb

MGW SGW SEG

TrGW

PCEF

SEG

IP Network

AN

IP Network

IP Network

PSTN

IP Network

CSCF

BGCF

UE

User Equipment and Other IMS Networks

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IMS Architecture Basic Components

Legend L d Basic Service Functionality

Serving Call Session Control Function Authorizes services available to user Controls resources in its domain

Application Service Layer

Interdomain Functionality

AS

Miscellaneous Functionality

Signaling and Control Layer

Dx

Legend

SLF
Dx

Signaling and Control Interface Bearer Interface

Application Server Provides enhanced services to user

I-CSCF
Mw

Mw
Mn Mw
r

S-CSCF
Mn
Mx
M

Cx

HSS

E-CSCF
MI

Mw

P-CSCF

Mx Mx

Mx

Home Subscriber Server Contains service and user information

IBCF

LRF

MRFC

BGCF

Mj

MGCF
M n

Proxy Call Session Control Function UE access into IMS Routes signaling to users home S-CSCF

Transport Layer

PCRF

MRFP

Mb

MGW SGW SEG

TrGW

PCEF

SEG

IP Network

AN

IP Network

IP Network

PSTN

IP Network

CSCF

BGCF

UE

User Equipment and Other IMS Networks

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IMS Architecture Interdomain Components

Legend Basic Service Functionality

Application Service Layer

Interdomain Functionality

AS

Miscellaneous Functionality

Multimedia Resource Function Processor Mixes incoming media streams Transcoding, announcements Managing access rights to shared conferencing resources

Signaling and Control Layer

Dx

Legend

SLF
Dx

Signaling and Control Interface Bearer Interface

I-CSCF
Mw

Mw
Mn Mw
r

S-CSCF
Mn
Mx
M

Cx

HSS

E-CSCF
MI

Mw

P-CSCF

Mx Mx

Mx

LRF

MRFC

BGCF

Mj

MGCF
M n

IBCF

Media Gateway Packet conversion to circuit for bearer packets

Transport Layer

PCRF

MRFP

Mb

MGW SGW SEG

TrGW

PCEF

Security Gateway Enforces security policy with other domains

Transition Gateway IPv4 to IPv6 packet conversion for bearer packets

SEG

IP Network

AN

IP Network

IP Network

PSTN

IP Network

CSCF

BGCF

UE

User Equipment and Other IMS Networks

Signaling Gateway SIP signaling to SS7 signaling

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IMS Architecture Interdomain Components

Legend L d

Interrogating CSCF Used by P-CSCFs to determine users SCSCF Access point for session requests from other domains P-CSCFs

Application Service Layer

AS

Signaling and Control Layer

Dx

Subscription Locator Function Miscellaneous Functionality Used by I-CSCF to determine HSS associated Legend with specific user
Interdomain Functionality Signaling and Control Interface Bearer Interface

Basic Service Functionality

SLF
Dx

I-CSCF
Mw

Mw
Mn Mw
r

S-CSCF
Mn
Mx
M

Cx

HSS

Multimedia Resource Function Controller Controls the MRFP

E-CSCF
MI

Mw

P-CSCF

Mx Mx

Mx

Interconnection Border Control Function Interworking between SIP and other protocols (e.g., H.323) Can be used in place of ICSCF
IBCF

LRF

MRFC

BGCF

Mj

MGCF
M n

Breakout Gateway Control Function Determines network on which PSTN interworking is to occur

Transport Layer

PCRF

MRFP

Mb

MGW SGW SEG

TrGW

PCEF

SEG

Media Gateway Control Function Controls interoperation of bearer channels between the PSTN and the IMS core network

IP Network

AN

IP Network

IP Network

PSTN

IP Network

CSCF

BGCF

UE

User Equipment and Other IMS Networks

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IMS Architecture Miscellaneous Components

Legend L d Basic Service Functionality

Application Service Layer

Interdomain Functionality

AS

Miscellaneous Functionality

Signaling and Control Layer

Legend

SLF
Dx

Emergency (911) CSCF Routes call to emergency provider as opposed to users home network

Signaling and Control Interface

Dx

Bearer Interface

I-CSCF
Mw

Mw
Mn Mw
r

S-CSCF
Mn
Mx
M

Cx

HSS

E-CSCF
MI

Mw

P-CSCF

Mx Mx

Mx

Policy and Charging y g g Rules Function Selects applicable rules for session
IBCF

LRF

MRFC

BGCF

Mj

MGCF
M n

Transport Layer

PCRF

MRFP

Mb

MGW SGW SEG

TrGW

Location Retrieval Function Identifies location of user

PCEF

SEG

IP Network

AN

IP Network

IP Network

PSTN

IP Network

Policy and Charging Enforcement Function Enforces applicable rules for session

CSCF

BGCF

UE

User Equipment and Other IMS Networks

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IMS Variations

All SDOs see merit in a layered approach to application development Some 3GPP assumptions do not carry over to other SDO networks

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IMS Variations
Alliance for Telecommunications Industry Solutions (ATIS)

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IMS Variations
Alliance for Telecommunications Industry Solutions (ATIS)
Grouping of IMS entities into higher level components

Use of Service Broker to allow inter-application inter application server communications

More security functions, since networks do not have same level of security as found in 3GPP networks

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IMS Variations
European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI)

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IMS Variations
European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI)

Added a PSTN/ISDN Emulation Subsystem to the signaling layer

Added Network Attachment Subsystem to transport layer

Added Resource and Admission Control y Subsystem to transport layer

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IMS Variations
Advances to IP Multimedia Subsystem (A-IMS) Ad t M lti di S b t (A IMS)

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IMS Variations
Advances to IP Multimedia Subsystem (A-IMS) Ad t M lti di S b t (A IMS)
Service Broker manages feature i f t invocations and ti d interactions across sessions

Both SIP and non-SIP based applications

Application Manager SIP entity handling CSCF and PSTN routing Services Data Manager HSS and AAA functionality Bearer Manager policy enforcement for QoS, security Policy Manager unified management services Security Manager detects anomalies

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IMS Variations

Common IMS
An attempt by 3GPP to create a standard that can be used by all SDOs Defined as the Core IMS plus selected additional IMSrelated interfaces and functionality

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IMS Variations

Common IMS

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CSCs Role in IMS Standards Development

CSC supports the National Communications System (NCS) in defining National Security / Emergency Preparedness (NS/EP) requirements and functions for the IMS architecture and in advancing these requirements and hit t di d i th i t d functions in the following standards organizations:
Alliance for Telecommunications Industry Solutions (ATIS) I t Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) tE i i T kF Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) MultiServices Forum (MSF)

CSC runs an eXperimental Testbed Environment (XTE) for the NCS, which determines the feasibility / practicality of various approaches to supporting NS/EP requirements
CSC uses Radvisions SIP Server Development Platform to prototype and demonstrate NS/EP functionality to industry

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IMS Deployments
Telecommunications Equipment Manufacturers

IMS vendors Some failures / consolidation has occurred d IMS product interoperability testing M li Multiservices F i Forum (MSF) Gl b l Global MSF Interoperability (GMI) exercises
The XTE will be a host site in October 2008

End-to-end IMS Solution

CSCF, MGCF, BGCF, MGW, SGW

Softswitch, IM/Presence, Media Server, SBC

End-to-end IMS Solution

PDF, HSS, AS, NASS, MRFC/MRFP, CSCF

End-to-end IMS Solution End-to-end IMS Solution End-to-end IMS Solution

AS, CSCF, HSS, MGCF, PDF

End-to-end IMS Solution

Information Technology Suppliers

WebLogic SIP Server (Service Broker)

Tivoli Netcool IMS Manager, WebSphere IMS Connector (AS)

SDP Tools

OpenCall (Media Server, AS and Service Broker, HLR, HSS, Signaling Gateway, Location Server)

Networking, Communications and Application Processors

Networking, Communications and Applications Servers

IMS Component Providers

IMS Forum Plugfest GSM Association SIP Trials

AS SBC

AS, Media Server

Media Gateway, Multiservices Platform (AS)

IMS Test Suite

AS, Media Server

Softswitch and AS

AS

Resource Controller (QoS) CSCF, SBC Location Server, Security Server, OpenWeb (AS)

Media Server

Video Platform and Gateway Gateway, IMS Software Development Tools, IMS Test Suite

IMS Test Suite

AS CSCF

AS, CSCF, SMS

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IMS Deployments
Carrier Field Trials
Underway, but results are carrier-proprietary

Hybrid IMS / non-IMS networks deployed currently non IMS First full IMS solutions anticipated to occur from 2009 2011. Reasons cited:
Need for the IMS specifications to be finalized and stable p Availability of complete IMS systems at reasonable price points Availability of IMS revenue-generating data services Ability to provide IMS-like services through more cost-effective non-IMS components Justifying IMS capex when existing networks have not yet been sufficiently amortized Determining how to operate hybrid IMS/non-IMS networks for maximum ROI Identifying killer applications

An additional 10+ years will be needed to fully convert to IMS-only networks

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IMS Applications

The basic structure of IMS can be found in todays hybrid networks

Separation of layers into applications control plane and applications, plane, transport Separation of functions into functional entities
Not necessarily IMS functional entities y

Service Delivery Platforms from various vendors make use of the separation of layers to create enhanced services in hybrid networks
These platforms provide user friendly application programming interfaces into the signaling and control layer

Application developers are creating enhanced services today!

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Summary

IMS is an evolving set of standards that defines an enhanced services architecture for telecommunications
Th There are different variations of IMS diff t i ti f IMS Products exist Field trials are occurring Hybrid IMS / non-IMS networks exist S S Migration to IMS-only networks depends on the business case / ROI for IMS and may take years

Enhanced services can be created today using Software Development Platforms

Will work in existing hybrid networks and future IMS networks Have an IMS issue? Contact CSC

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