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Books' descriptions are written in Italian but we can easily translate them in English and give you any further detail: enquiries are welcome. Would a picture help? Feel free to ask photo of books when considering a purchase (we can usually e-mail a photo to you in 2 day or so).

Books descriptions

BOOKS SIZE We always use size codes in book descriptions. ''In 8..pp.. Bross.ed.'' what does it mean? Learn Italian glossary (read this page)

Size code In folio In 4 (aka 'Quarto') In 8 (aka 'Octavo') In 16 (aka 'Sextodecimo') In 24

Book measure more than 38 cm / 15 in between 28-38 cm /11-15 in between 20-28 cm /7.9-11 in between 15-20 cm /5.9-7.9 in between 10-15 cm / 3.9-5.9 in

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A) Example of book size

CV/1000 Dante LA VITA NUOVA. Milano, Mondadori, 1950. In 16 500 pp. Bross.ed. Ottimo. Euro 10

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B) Things we learnt from the example

''In 16'' means that the book measures about 15-20 cm (or 6-8 inches).

DEFINITIONS: BOOKS CONDITIONS We love books and do our best to keep them in collector condition. We use Italian standard terms to define physical conditions from ''perfect'' to ''used'' depending on their status.

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Perfetto: perfect, flawless. A book in original condition, as it was released from the publisher, clean text, tight binding. It's like English definition ''N - As New''.

Freschissimo: mint, flawless. A book in original condition, as it was released from the publisher, clean text, tight binding. It's like English definition ''M - Mint''.

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BERGOGLIO: OLD BOOKS CONDITION It...

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Ottimo: fine, almost flawless. A book in slightly less crisp condition then As New. The book is clean with a solid binding. It's like English definition ''F - Fine'' or ''NF - Near Fine''.

Fresco: very good . A book showing general wear, as expected with its age. It's like English definition ''VG - Very Good''.

Buon / buono: good. A book showing general wear, as expected with its age showing some signs of having been read, some minor shelfwear.< It's like English definition ''G or Good''.

Usato: used. A very worn copy, with contents possibly loose, but complete unless otherwise noted. It's like English definition ''P or Poor''

Dustjacket is alway mentioned in the description if has been preserved with the term ''sovr.'' or ''sovracc.'' (short for sovraccopertina). Any defects are noted.

A) Example of book conditions

BC/1000 Hegel LETTERE. Bologna, Mulino, 1970. In 16 500 pp. Bross.ed. Qq. sottolin. Fresco. Euro 20

B) Things we learnt from the example

It's ''In 16'' so it measures about 15-20 cm (or 6-8 inches). ''Fresco'' indicates very good volume, fresh, almost flawless. There's no mention of dustjacket so there's no one.

DEFINITIONS: BOOKS DEFECTS We identify any defects that a book may have and those are the ones that you could find more helpful:

Tracce d'uso: marks of use. Is a general definition for worn book: fingerprints, few dog's ear, slightly creased spine. Sottolin.: underlining. In most cases the book has been underlined just in the first pages. It can be either ''qq. sottolin.'' a few or ''molte sottolin.'' many. We also indicate if has been used a pencil (''a matita'' or ''lapis'') or pen (''a penna''). Restaurato: restored. Part of the volume or dustjacked has been reinforced. Timbrino: little stamp. A book that has at one time been in the inventory of a lending libary or a private library and still has some library stamps (generally on the first pages). Ingiall.: very light browning. Book paper has a yellow tone generally due to normal ageing of the paper. Brunito: browning. Book paper has a yellow-brown tone, usually more prevalent towards the end papers and the margins. It may be caused by ageing of the volume, poor quality of the paper (common during World War), sun or smoke. Firma: owner' sign. A book that has been signed by owner. In most cases it refers to a small handwritten name on the first white page.

Modifiers are added to give a better sense of the overall condition of the book: Lievem.: slightly Leggermente: slightly Qq. / qualche: a few Molte / Molti: extensivly

A) Example of book defects

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AB/1000 Manzoni I PROMESSI SPOSI. Torino, Einaudi, 1980. In 8 300 pp. Cart.ed. Qq. sottolin. Firma. Buon volume. Euro 15

B) Things we learnt from the example

''In 8'' measures 20-28 cm (7.9-11 inches). ''Qq. sottolin.'' means it has few underlined parts. ''Firma'' means there must be an owner's sign. ''Buon'' indicates a volume in general good condition. There's no mention of dustjacket so there's no one.

ITALIAN GLOSSARY Here below you can find the therminology we used to describe the books. Complete translation of every book-description is available on enquiry.

ITALIAN A., Autore AA.VV. (Autori vari) b/n (bianco / nero) br. (brossura) bross. (brossura) brunitura cart. (cartonatura) carta forte col. (colori) coevo cons. (conservato) cop. (copertina) d. (dorso) ed., edit. (editoriale) ed. orig. (edizione originale) es. (esemplare) estratto f.t. (fuori testo) figg. (figure) firma foto ill. (illustrazioni) ingiall. (ingiallito) intonso introduz. (introduzione) leg. (legatura) lievem. (lievemente) leggermente m. (mezza) m.pelle (mezza pelle) m.tela (mezza tela) mod. (moderno) molte muta n.t. (nel testo) piatto p., pp. (pagina, pagine) preg. (pregevole) qq. (qualche)

ENGLISH Author many authors black/white original wrappers / paper wrappers original wrappers / paper wrappers browning boards heavy paper colour contemporary preserved cover, bindings back original first edition copy off print not included in collation illustration owner's sign photograph illustration yellowing uncut introduction binding slightly slightly half half-leather half-cloth modern many plain cover in the text side leaf, leaves esteemed a few

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BERGOGLIO: OLD BOOKS CONDITION It...

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restaurato s.d. (senza data) s. dati ed. (senza dati editoriali) sottol. (sottolineatura) sovr., (sovraccoperta) sovracc. (sovraccoperta) t. pelle t. tela taglio oro tass. (tassello) tav., tavv. (tavola, tavole) timbro, timbrino tit. oro (titolo oro) tracce d'uso vol., voll. (volume, volumi)

restored no date no place or editor underlined dust jacket dust jacket all leather all cloth edges title label plate, plates little stamp gilt title marks of use volume, volumes

A) Example of Italian glossary

ZZ/1000 Wilde Oscar AFORISMI. Milano, Guanda, 1990. In 24 200 pp. Bross.ed., sovracc. restaurata. Lievem. ingiall. Fresco. Euro 10

B) Things we learnt from the example

''In 24'' measures 10-15 cm (3.9-5.9 inches). ''200 pp.'' so it has 200 pages. ''Bross.ed.'' indicates soft cover. ''Sovracc. restaurata'' indicates strenghtened dustjacket. ''Lievem. ingiall.'' means there's a very light browning. Book paper has a yellow tone generally due to normal ageing of the paper. ''Fresco'' indicates very good volume, fresh, almost flawless.

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