Axia College Material

Appendix C Leaders and Legislation of the Civil Rights and Black Power Movements
Identify leaders of the Civil Rights and Black Power movements and their contributions to their respective causes. How did these social pioneers forge the way for this important ratification? What legislation was relevant during these critical times?

Part I
Complete the following matrix by identifying 7 to 10 leaders or legislative events from both the Civil Rights and Black Power movements. The first leader is provided as a model. Leader and Associated Legislation, if any A. Philip Randolph Date(s) Organization and/or Cause Contribution

1941

Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters, which fought Discrimination

Thurgood Marshall

May 17, 1954

Brown vs. Topeka Board of Education

Rosa Parks Martin Luther King

December 1, 1955 1955 1968

Secretary of the Montgomery Chapter of NAACP and lifetime member. Organized the Southern Christian Leadership Conference and Non Violent March for Civil Rights

Charles K. Steele

1957

Vice President of Southern Christian Leadership Conference and civil right

His threat to march on Washington to protest discriminatory treatment caused former President Franklin D. Roosevelt to react with new policies on job discrimination. Thurgood Marshall went against the United States Supreme Court to challenge separate but equal in education. The case set the precedent that in 1955 all schools must be desegregated including in the South. Later to become the first African American to sit on the Supreme Court. Her refusal to give up her seat on bus to white man started the Montgomery bus boycott. Boycotted the segregated bus lines in AL a. Held many nonviolent marches most memorable march in Aug 28, 1963 March on Washington where his most memorable speech was given I have a Dream Consider the Father of Civil Rights. Help integrate Tallahassees schools, restaurants, theaters, and other public facilities. Help

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leader 1964 -1967 1962 1966 Field Organizer for Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee in AL. Radical civil rights leader Pioneer of the civil right movement

Stokely Carmichael James Meredith Malcolm X

Martin Luther King organize SCLC and participated in Selma, Al march. Started controversy with calling for black power. First Black to enroll in University of Mississippi against much opposition. Lead the March Against Fear in 1966 to protest voter intimidation. Rejected Martin Luther Kings non-violent policy. Strong promoter of black power. Made famous quote about John F. Kennedy assassination chickens coming home to roost Made it easier for African Americans to vote. Poll tax and literacy tests for voting were made illegal to stop African Americans from voting. Issued Executive Order 11246, which enforced affirmative action. Black Panthers used arms to fight for civil rights. Acquitted in 1971, for killing policeman.

1963

Militant African Leader. Leader of Muslim Mosque, Inc.

Voting Rights Act Lyndon Johnson Huey Newton

August 10, 1965

September 24, 1965 October, 1966

President of United States Co-Founder of Blank Panthers

Part II
Once you complete the matrix, use the space below to write a 75- to 100-word response describing the role civil disobedience played in the Civil Rights Movement. Civil disobedience is the public act of disobeying the law or commands of the law to make a political statement. The entire Civil Rights Movement is perfect example of civil disobedience. There are several examples of civil disobedience in the Civil Rights movement. For example Rosa Parks not wanting to give her seat up to white man because of Jim Crow laws that stated in Alabama black and whites must have segregated seating on the bus. Because she took a stand it caused a domino of things to happen to change history for African Americans. Martin Luther King did one of his famous non-violent marches in Selma to let government in Alabama know that things need to change for blacks and that we all are equal. Stephanie C. Williams April 13, 2011 ETH 125

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