O. A. PHBOLU BbICTPbIM MU TOUHbIA PACUET — A - CTPONMMVJIBHbIX PYKOBOJCTBO nO NPOEKTHPOBAHHIO Briopoe wenparsennce 4 donoanennoe usdanue TPAHCNMHEYAThH AKC 1927 MOCKBAO. A. PHBOUI BbICTPbIA MU TOUHbIN PACYUET CTPONWJIbHbIX ®EPM C 46 PHCYHKAMH HW 17 FPAPUKAMH TPAHCIIEYATB HKMIC MOCKBA = 1927Oraapaenne. cmp. Tipenncaosue K t-my wananiwo 2... 5) Tan. Me ;Ha/3.. Tipeauenosne Ko 2-my wanaumio , 2... 7 |, Me 4. Anrnnitcxan gepm: i 5. A. OBUAR 4ACTD. ~f. : sae :: » AAHHDIE O HATPY3HAX. Mw Tipocraa Tononco; H 7 ao Ttocronuuan arpyaia. . eee HL ow ‘ » GH : CoGcreenwi Bec Gepm (Garownux) ¢ ag] 4M . GHB. Bpemewuaa narpyska.. oe eB we io. Aueiixan ¢ 6-10 manenamu; Flapnenme cutra.. 2 ee + 13 . HS ve eee ee . Hlapnenne werpa. w]e Men Avni fe sane pagMET an Mo feusesva Fee CPERCTOOM TFAGHHOB. Weta. duratlgasis | minanexae Bonunctoe sKeneao . Of} oma... ee lili! Pacver oOpemeTm .. .-. - . ay, Met Tapatomecian; H a45 Pacver nporowos (nine o6peise au) 25), Ne 15. Aurauitcxan ¢ 8-10 naneaamn; Ulapuupisie nporont 2 Ho ose eee Bepxunit coer (crexanunoe noxpurie). . . 38], We 16. Auraniicxaa c 810 navennnan; Crema... 22s eee . 40 HAG oe wee eee Pacver tomumint crekna.. . AU) We 17. Ancnniicaa ¢ B10 navenana; FopOunte. eee eee az Sirti Pacuer ropOuna . 2-1. al. mis. He eccees oe » Ne 18. Bensraicxan c 8-0 mayenamy, . 3, PACHET CEPM OGusmut cnoco6 pacuera younuit crepawen. 45] “ a Cnowuvaa Toxonco: H = : Onpegeneune pacxernux yeuaH HB npocTaXx “eo ” * opmyn wu onpenenenne Beca . 46 . te 23. = s ‘ Gapeneatune ates 5 2 s+ + 8) 7 24. Bemaruticxan ¢ 100 nanenmen - Onprmaniinn seca crepnared Cee. & #2 « 52) 7 ie 25. Aurauiicxan ¢ 10-0 nanenman, . 4. BRICTPLIA PACHET CTPONMNbHEIX wm MB ee ee ee crm. > Ne 27. H anne ae Onpegeneume max. pacweTumx ycunnit . 53{ = Ne 28. HS... 0a. Cocrapnewe enewrpuaunn marepnanos... 54) 1 MEQ. eee esse een @opmynu ycanul gin pasnwwnlix Tinos gepm. 55] * a Benstutexan c gonapen; H ni. 6. THMb! SEPM x TABUUbI YCUNMA| | we 32. Wenosan. 3 CTEPHIHEA, » M33. Llenopaa. aeugue Tun Ne 1, Heweuxan Gepma; H = 1/5. . 6) | TaGnmua Beco (ApHbamments) ar ecex crepm- Mm 2. a .. OF nel menesnell hepan pasanunux sucrem. B Ragarss g 3 SLSSBSSRLS— oo 8. NOA5OP CEYEHMA. 1. MESIESHBIE SEPMbt. Honyckaemme nanpaxenia. . . . 1. Sroe wenes0. es 2. Uyryn 3. Cran. . 4. Kamu, FlonGop cevemuit FlonGop ceuennil 43 rpaguxos.. 2... . Fipwmepu nonGopa ceva... . . _ Sawnenownme coeamenia. . . . 2. QEPEBAHHBIE GEPMbI. Alonycxaemue nanpaaenwa.. 6... ee 119 Tonyckaensie wanpayxenna ua npoaonbunit M36. 2 ee bee ee 121 TloaGop cesennit . ee 13 Coemmenue Gpycues B yanax..... .. mA Tpagura ana nosGopa cevenmd 2... . . 127 TloxGop cevexui pactanyrx ctepuued . . . 128 TlonGop cexenuii cwarux crepe... . 128 TIpumepe nonGopa cevenmi.- 2. 2... 129 C. GNPABOYHBIE AAHHBIE, ‘TaGanna conpotumnenni saunenox. . 2. 133 Hopmanbusiit merpmueckit coprament enesa, 135 Ta6amua suasenna #, J x W aaa npamo- YTONEMBX CeNennit (Gpycees) A. TPAOUHM, .Tlpeancaosue « I-my nsgannto Crponuabile depMbi—B SaBHCHMOCTH OT HaSHAYeHHA, ycnoBMH aanaMMs, apxTeK- ‘TYPHYX Tpe6obanit, TBOPYeCTBA H BKYCa KOHCTPyKTOpa,—OTAMYAWOTCA CBOHM KOHTYpOM M ObiBaloT BeChMa pasHooOpasH. Cpemu 9Toro pasHooOpasHA BLIJeNATeR onpenencH- HEI YCTAHOBNEHHME CHCTEMEI, MPMMeHeMHe B MpakTHKe. Kayan cHcTeMa, O”HaKO, We OTBeYaeT CBOHM OCOGMM, MHIMBHAYaIbHMM TPeOOBaHWAM, H AAA pemicHMA OAHOK M TOM Ke 3aa4M Mp OAMHAKOBHIX yCMOBHAX Pa3HBIMH KOHCTpyKTOpaMM NpMmMeHAIOTCA W pagupie cuctembt. Sto oGcrorTembcTeo B sHayHTeNbHOH mMepe obycnoBuBaeTCA OTCyT- CTBHEM JaHHMIX, YKaSbIBaIOUNMX Ha Ny4Wee, BKOMOMHYECKO peleHMe BONPoca, MpH KOTOpoM 3aTpaTa matepHana Opina 6b HaumeHLmeH. Mpennaraeman pa6ota crpemuTca OFPaHH4HTb NpoHsBoN M pacnonaraecT TaHHLIMH Ana Gonee NpaBHAbHOrO BUGOPA CHCTEME. ABTop, paccmaTpnBan CHCTeMi pasHooGpasHyix Hepm, AAeT ANA KaKAOTO THMA HECMODK- HyWo gopmyay seca depmu. [pH MoMomm stax QOpMyn, cnMYaA Bec MPH OAHHX H TeX KE JAHHBIX, MOXKHO PelIMTS BON|POC O BHIFOAHOCTH Toro HAH MHOro THNA. J[nA STOR YenM He BCerga MpHgeTcA OMpeneNATE BEC BHYNCHEHHEM,---MODKeT OKASATBCA AOCTATOUMLIM OfMo conoctapnenve dopmyn. [lo cyTw suBoa GOpMyAB Beca, mpuBezeHHoro B 1-H ACTH, MOKHO JaTb TOUHO ero TeopeTMYECKOe SHAYEHME, HO He ACHCTBHYENDHOe,—B BHAY MHTepBANOB MExKAY NPOpUNAMH rKeNesa, OCNAGNeHHA CeYeHHA SakNenKaMH. DopmyaN QawT pec, npH6nwxatouiica Gnu3Ko K AeAcTBHTeNLHOMy, —nonODKeHHEI B OCHOBY OMNAKOBLIA METOR PacueTa JACT BOIMOKKHOCTE CpABHMBATS pesyNbTATH, NonyyeHHbe 43 dopmya. Pacnonaraf yxa3aHHBIMM aHHLIMH, KOHCTpyYKTOp, B CBASH C APyrMMH YCROBKAMH, cmoKeT ChenaTe Gonee npaBHnbHBH, HagneKamnH BHOOp cHcTemb. Bui6pas cucremy, KOHCTpykTOp MpkcrynaeT K pacuery, CBORAMMeMYCA K Jey ONepauMAM: 1) ONpegeneHiIO (max.) pacucTuux ycunuit crepycnell, nomyyaeMux Ha OCHOBAHHH HaMBUrORHeHWHX KON- GunauHh ycuaHA, onpedeneniux ANA OTAENDULIX BHEWIHMX Harpy3oK H 2) onpexeneHHiO NpowXx pasMepoB cTepKHeH. Mpeamaraeman paGoTa MMeeT WENO coxpamume mpyd % opena, Heobzodumne OAR Pacrema no xancdoil onepayun. JInA onpenencuuA ycunHh cTepKHeH MpHMeHACTCA rpaduyeckui MeTOR ~NocTpoeHMe quarpamm Kpemonel, KoTOpLii, yipouiaa pacuer, genaer ero aa MHOrHX cny¥aeR NOYTH MexaHHdecKHM. Onpegenente YSNOBLIX Harpy3OK, NocrpoeHHe AMarpaMM, HAXOKNEHHE W3 HMX YCHIMA, cocraBlenne TAGAMUB! yCHAHK OT PasnHYHBIx Harpy3oK H HaX@KACHHE HS HX (Max.) pacuerHEix,— Bee 970 npocro, HO Geper He Mano BpemeHM HM Tpyfa, TpebyeT BHHMAHHA HW TOUHOCTH. Taa ws6exaHHa Bcel STO npoleaypy aBTOpoM BHIOpaHb! YaCTO NpumeHRembe — ‘THMOBLIe—CHCTEMBI H ANA KakKJOrO THNa COCTABNEHE mpocmue Fopaysn, Laue BOI MOXKHOCTS ONpezeNATS YCHNMA KaKDOTO CrepKHA OT ACHCTBHA MHEUIHMX Harpy30K; 9TH ycunHA cBenenbi 8 TAGNHUY, B omdeavnow epage KOTOpOH AaHbi Fopmyau d4A onpede- AeHUA maz, pacremnut yeuant, B oTH OpMY Nb BXOMAT: MIOWAAb NepeKpyTHA hepmut -F’= ee HM coScTseHHui BeC KPOBTH p, OTHECeHHLH Ha 1 KB. MEIP TOPHZOHTanBHOM npoeKua, Takum o6pasom, perxemnoc ycunMe KaKQOTO CTepKHA ABNAeTCA pyHKuHeH MporeTa gepme: 7, paccronuna Mexny depmaMH b H BeNHYHEA p, pagNH4Hol, HO onpemeneHHOn Qa BbIGpaHHoro poga KpoBnH. Totomy atH dopMyt ycHAMit AA xaccdo1o muna OOHH- MaloT O¥eHb Gonbuloe YHCTO CMYUaeB NpaKTHKH,—B 3aBHCMMOCTH OT yKasaHHEIX Mepe- MeHHEIX BeNHYHH. HeoOxogKMo OTMeTHTL, YTO yCHNMA, ONpeACAACMbIe H3 yKa3aHHLIX PopMyA, HE ABNAIOTCA MPHOMOKCHHLIMM, a OONATAWT TOUHOCTHIO AMAarpaMM, OT KOTOPLIX OHM MONyYHK CBOE NpowcxoKtenne. TounOcTh x%Ke AKarpaMM Geula ANA KaKJOrO THNa mposepena MeTogom Puttepa. Ha ykagaHHoe ympouenHe pacueTos HaBella aBTopa B cBoe BpemA pagoTa Ha MpaktTHKe No MpoexTMpoBaHMO XOMOBUX epM, YaCTO MoBTOpAeMAA HM M ETO coTOBa- puuamH no cmyx6e. Tayo xe padoty mpofenbisann opyrve npoexTHpywulne B Apy- TWX MeCTaX B apyroe epemn. Pemenme sompoca ana ofnoK Kakolt-mu6o CHCTeMb He oGneruano pa6oTt ANA TOH 2Ke CHCTEMMI NPM U3MeHCHHLX NAHHBIX. HMeloulHecA TAG TAUB Ulaposckoro OOHHMAIOT HeGonbillioe YHcNO THnOB depm (7), M DA HHX peleHMe pana BONPOCOB ABAACTCA OFPAHMUEHHLIM B SABHCHMOCTH OT NaHHLIX TAG MHL; B HMX OTCyT- cTeyeT dyHKYMOHAIbHAA 3aBHCHMOCTE yCuIHi. OcHoeHoK NpHHUMN Hu xox pacueta OoLH noMeMeHt ABTOPOM B *KypHare ,,BecTHHK O6mectea Texvonoros” u ,Kisenbau“ B 1910r.; satem, BKHHre ,,CTPOMHABH be bepmel” pacnpocrpanen Ha 21 Tun. MMpeanaraeman paGora mpeactasaseT B 2TOH yacTH Aamnb- Hefmee pagsHTHe M paccmaTpHeaeT 31 THM, NPM CM NpeKHMe TaGAMUB yCHAKH cTep- okuelt Nogeeprnich nepepaborke. [na pacueta 6s1n0 Torfa NpHHATO HOpManbHoe K cKaTy KPWWH fagnenve BeTpa 17y—= 180 Sin* (a+ 10°), cornacHo noctaHoBzeHHi0 C‘eaga Htpxenepos Mytet Coo6uenna 8 1896 r.,—B WaCcTOAIeM HaQaHHM, cormacHo HOBEHINNM ONbITaM HM RAHHLM, 9TO NABTeEHHe MPHAATO paBHUM W’y== 180 Sin (a® + 10% Ana ofnersenua pacueta no 2-o% onepaynn—nog6opy cexeHHA CTep»KHel—aBTopoM cocTaBnenbt rpapHKu, KoTopyie OKaxKyT ocobyio ycnyry MpM pacueTe CKATHIX YacTeH Ha MpofombHwh H3rH6. Jlaa oGnerveuma pacueTa snemenTOs KPHUIM — ObpemeTHH, rop6uneH M cTeKNa, BoNHHCTOrO >Kenesa—TaloKe cocTaBeHtl rpabuKu, Benegcrane groro, MpoektMpyioujuii —Gez anaunTenbHO gaTpaTel Tpy@a H BpeMeHH—CMOKET HE TOMbKO NEKO NogoGparb ceveHHe, YAOBETBOPAIOMICE YCIOBHIO MPOMHOCTH, HO, Nosysch HEKOTOPLIMH TpadHKaMH, Kak BapHaHTaMH, CMOKeT OMpeaeAHTd ceveHHe HaKGoree SKOHOMMUECKOE. Zon scakoi paGoTs 8 BHAAX ee NPOAYKTHBHOCTH HM MPOHSBOAHTENHOCTH, Kpome DPyr4x YCNOBHH, HeoOXOAMMEI: aHaNH3 OXBATHEBAIINHX €e ABNEHHH, BLGOP Ha OcHOBe sToro aHasMsa MaHa W CHCTeMM BEINONHeHHA, ycrpaHeHHe GecnonesHUx fAelicTeHH W TpHMeHeHHe BCTOMOraTeNbHEX cpeACTR ANA SKOHOMMM Tpyfa M BpeMeHH, AAA Mxenepo-texHuyeckoh esrembuoctu, Kacalomjefica oOnacTH pacueTos, €CTECTBEHHO, HeOOxXOTMMEI Te KE SneMeHToI. [NA yAOBAeETBOPEHHA TPeGOBAHHH NocneAHHX 2-x YcNOBHH, C ONHOH CTOpOHL, MO Mepe pasBHTHA TeOpHH H COnM>KeHHA ee C NPAKTHKOH CoBep- WEHCTBYIOTCA M ynpoulaloTca Memodu pacueTa, ¢ APyToH cTopoHb, BHINBHTAOTCA Eecno- moamesunve cpedemea—TaGAMUL, TPAabMKH, HOMOrPAaMMEL,— HMeWWHe WeEMbIO cBeperaTe TPYA M BpeMA MPM BLUMCTEHHAX. Oguako, 8 yxagaHHOM HaNpaBleHHM CyenaHo eule He MHOTO, M MOKHO HaseRTECA, uTO BONPOCHI MexaHHsaMH HeKOTOPOH YaCTH yMCTBeHHOrO TpyfAa MoNyYaT cBoe AaIb- nefuiee pasewtne. OT yXasaHHBIX BCHOMOPATEMBHUX cpeACTB HaQo Gpate ecTecrBeHHOJWilb TO, 4TO MOTYT AaTb; OHH MOryT GbiTb nomesH NPH HanMYHH ONpeReNeHREX SHaHMH, IPH MpaBlbHOM, YMeNOM NOALOBAHMM HMH; OCBOGOKIAaA SHAYHTeMBHYIO YaCTS TPYAa M BPEMEHH, OHH AAT GOMbUIYIO BOSMOYKHOCTE COCpeMOTOUHBATLCA Ha AyXOBHOlt cTopoue Bonpoca. Urobei caenat TPYA AOCTYNHEIM WHPOKOMY Kpyry TexHHKOB—ANA HX OCMLICNEH- How paforti—mHoM npemiocnana o6uan wacte pacteTa, Koropylo A CrapascA HSMOKHTE Kparko H AcHO. JNA TOM >Ke NeNM NPHBEReHEI B NPHNOKEHHH ,OCHOBHNe Hayana rpa- uueckol cratHku". O6ujaa (1-a) yacTe Gyget TatoKe nomesHa CryqeHTamM npH mpo- eKTUPOBaHHH, TEM Gonee, YTO PyKOBOACTB NO ITOMY BONPOCy HMEETCA Ha PYCCKOM ABIKE oveHb Mano. 2-A yacTb, CoepxKaullaA dhopmyssl pacueta THIOBHIX CHCTeM, HM rpadHKH OyAyT MonesHel NPOeKTHPYIOWLHM HIDKeHepaM H TeXHHKaM. O. Pusow. Mlerporpan, 15 aer. 1923 r. Hpeancaosue xo 2-my nagannio. Hactonujee noco6we npeactapiaet co6oi0 rnaBHBIM o6pasom 2-e nepepaboTauHoe 4 AononHeHHOe H3naHHe 2-H H 3-H YacTH MoeH KHIM MeTanmyeckne cTponHabHUte depmu", Bbiueqmelt 2 1911 r. H gaBHO pacnponaHHoH. I-n yactb cayKHa rnaBHEM oGpasom cTYeHTaM PYKOBOACTBOM MO MpoeKTHpOBaHHwW; 2-A M NpeHMywecTBeHHO 3-A wacTh CAyKHAM mocoGHeM ANA WHDKeHepOB H TeXHHKOB, OOmeryan pacueTH M c6eperan TpyA W BpemaA. B Buy yKasaHHWX pasIM4HX HaSHayeHHH YacTel, a TalOKe B BHAY paspocure- Toch maTepHasa, npeActasunoce Gonee yenecoobpasHeim pasxenvTs KHMTY Ha QBa OTAeMb- HBIX CAMOCTOATENBHBIX HAHA. I-@ wacts, nepepaboTaHHaa H fonomHeHan, nepensqava HelaBHo Mapatenbcrsom Cep.3an. MpomOiopo moa HasBanHem ,,Memaszuvecrue emponuanue Gepun. B emay ykasannoro I-e usqanwe ,,Bucmpuii u moxuuil pacuem emponusmnc Gepa" npuunocs 3HauMTeMBHO coKpaTHTb. Bo 2-m M3QaHHH rnaBHoe BHKMAHMe YAeNeHO Tem BcnomoraTeNbHEIM cpeacTBaM— mabauyan yeusmii M tpaguxax,—KoTopsle cay Kat Mia obMerueHHA pacuetos, OcTaBientt W TononHenst Te MecTa 1-ro H3qaHHA, KOTOPe TonesHE! ANA yACHeHHA BoNpoca H Npa- BHABHOTO NONbIOBAHHA YKasaHHbiMH BCHOMOraTeNBHNIMH cpeAcTeamH. Hoece HanaHHe MONOAHeHO pacueTOM AepeBAHHLIX GepM, MONyYHBWHx 3a rpanMueH Gonbuloce pacnpo- Crpanenke BcneACTeMe HOBLIX KOHCTPyKUHM, H BHTORHMIX KaK B OTHOLIEHHH JeureBHoHE MpHmeHAeMoro MaTepHana, TaK HB OTHOWEHHH HeCMOMHOCTA HX MsroTOBReHHA. Y Hac NIP HegocTaTKe *Ke7e34 HK OOMAHH JepeBa epeBAHHble CTPONMAbHEIe epMed npHoGpe- TaloT ocoG0e sHayeHKe. Benegcreue ebipa6orkH palvonanbHbx conpmxenHH gMeMeHTOB depm HS AepeBa ABHNACh BOSMOMHOCTS YCTPAHBaTs RepeBANHBIe epMLl TEX Ke PASHOOSpasHEIx CHCTEM, Kakwe MpHMeHsOTCA WIA Kenesmx hepa.= Ro Takum o6pazom, cocraBnenHbe milot opMyAL ANA onpemenenna ycunuit cTep»xHel ana 38 pasAWdusix THOR depM MOryT CHYKHTb Kak WIA pacueta *KeneaHBIx tpepm, Tak Hi AepeBaltnesx. @opmysb! cOcTaBNeHb ANA NpeKHHX cyWMeCTBYIOWNHX MoKA HOpM Harpy3sKH: 1) nu6o mionwoe qaBnenHe cHera—100 Kr Ha 1 KB. M ropHsoHTaNbHoH npoeKuMH pany, ° 2) nw6o Aaanenne petpa W = 180 Kr Ha 1 KB. M NoRepxHocTH, nepnenzuKynap- HoH K HanpaBreHHio BeTpa, 3) AWGo NpM copmectHoM gelicTeMM BeTpa M cHera—jaenenua BeTpa—="/, maKeH- MaIbiOro M MaBNeHMA CHera = */, maKcHMamDHIOrO. 31Tu WopMB ycrapenH, H B Onwxkalwem Oyayuem cnegyeT O>KHAaTE NOABNERNA HOBLIX HOpM. B noco6um ykasaiio, Kak M3 TaGAMM ONpemeAHTL YCHAMA cTepxKieA AIA Apyrux HOpM Harpy3oK. 370 AOCTHTAeTCA CpaBHUTENbHO NPOCTLIMH apHbMeTHYeCKHMH ACHCTBHAMH. Fla novGopa ceyenwii crepe AepeBAHHEIX epM MHOK cocrapneHlt 5 rpabu- KoB; OcO6yl0 ycNyry 8 OTHOWeHN COepexeiHA BPemMeHH H OGmeryeHHA pacyeTa OKaKyT Te rpagHKH, KoTopsle cny>KaT AMA MogGopa ceyeHui CMATHX Yacren. B noco6mu npueeqens mpHMeps noAGopa ceventMt cteprxHell xKeesHEIx H mepe- BAHHBIX epm NocpegcrBom rpapuKos. B ykasawHom Bugze moco6ue GyzeT nonesHo npoexTHpyOMHM HIDKeHepam H Tex- Hunan, O. Pusou. Tewmurpan, 20 moun 1926 vr.A. O6usaa uactp. Crponnnuuie chepmut (bur. 1) wasHauaiored ana NomepxKaNMA KPOBNM, Mpeaoxpa- HetoMeH BHYTPeHHIOW YaCTh COOPYKeHHA OT NepeMeH aTMochepbil, TNaBHLIM oGpasom. or AeicTBUA AOKAA M cHera, M ANH BOCNPMSTHR Harpy30K, AeltcrByIOMMX Ha NoRepx- WocTs KpOBMH. our. 1. Sta nopepxnoctb Gtisaer Gonee HnW MeHee HaKAOHHOM, TAK KaK Ha Heil He LOMKHA gagepKupateca Bona. CooSpasHo HagHayeHMlO, B 3ABHCHMOCTH OT pasnH4HbIX yCROBHH, CONPOBOKAAIOMIHX 2aRAHHA NepeKpEITHA, H COrACHO TpeOoBaHHi APXHTeKTypHOrO CTHAA, MpHMeHAIOTCA pasHOoGpasHite CHCTeME! CTPOTHABHLX hepM, B KOTOPLIX pacrlononKenHe yacteil pasnuuno.aio CocrasHbiMH 4aCTAMH NepeKpiirHa ABisatoTcA: |) KpoBnA, 2) oOpemeTHHit K npo- ronbl, 3) crponunbHe epmes, 4) Hx oMnopH, 5) CBASH — BeTpoBbie H momepevHbie. Paccuutare nepexpsiTHe—sHauHT onpezenHTe pasmepu KaKFOH cocTaBHol “actu oT AeHicTBHA TeX BHEWHHX CHA, KOTOPMM 9Ta 4acTh NogBepxKeHa. YacTa H one MeHTH HX AOUDKHM GET CKOHCTPyHpOBaHla HS CoOTBeTCTBYIOUerO MaTepHana, ynoBne- TROPATS CBOCMY HaSHAYeHHIO H JO/DKHLI OTE NPOUHL! MpH HaHmenburel saTpaTe matepuana. Pacier nepexpuTuA MpousBoAT B nocTeneHHOCTH H MocnegOBaTeNLHOCTH DelicTeHA Harpy30K H pacnionoxkeawm vacteH, HawHHan ¢ KpoBNH, HaCTHNa H Mepexoga K pac- ety O6peuleTHH, CTPOMHnbHOK gepmut H o1op. Mposan. Kposna ycrpaupaetca 43 pa3snH¥WX MaTepHanog, OT KOTOPBIX raBHLIM O6pasoM SaBHCHT yIWIOH ee K ropHsonTy. Wem rnake H MioTHee NoBepxXHOCTh MaTe- PHana KpOBAH, YeM TYUMIe COCAMHEHW MeHCLY CO6OW OTAEAbHEIe YaCTH KpOBNH,—TeM MeHBUe MOKET GbITb yKNOH. Tia KaKAOrO pona KpoBeNbHOrO MaTepHana ycTaHoBseHtt YKNOHE, npHseneHnwe B TaGnHue Ne 1. Kpoaaa nactunaetca wa o6peuierke, coctonmel Hs GpycKoB MMH ZOCOK, H me- Ppeaaet depme Aelicrsylouyo Wa Hee HarpysKy mocpepcraom o6peureTHH. Buifop Toro HAH HHOTO posa KPOBNH 3aBHCHT OT PasNHYHEIX TpeboBaHH — Haxo- ATCA B SABHCHMOCTH OT NPOYHOCTH, ONFOBeMHOCTH, BOROHENPOHHUAeMOCTH, Gesonac- HOCTH B NooKAapHOM OTHOWEHHH, NerKOCTH, CToHMocTH. HH OHH KPOBeAbHBI maTepHat He yROBNeTBOpAeT BNONMe NOCTABACHHDIM PauHOHATbHLIM TpeOoBAaHHAM, — PyKOBOACTBy- WOTCA CYMECTREHHEIMH YCHOBMAMH H TDeSOBAHHAMH NPHMEHUTEMBHO K MeCTY. B wexoropyx caysaax, KaK Ha HeKOTOpHIx PaOpuKax H SaBONax, HamO yyecTh BANAHWe Mapos H ragoB. Bopxwne ofpemetam. Ox yknagewaitca mapannenbHo cKaTy M CAYKaT 2A BOCNPHATHA Harpy3KH, JelicrByouleH Ha KPOBAW (CM. HHDKE), Miporonw. Hirknve oGpemeraHit pacnonaraioten Mo BepxHemy Noscy OOuKHOBEHHO Had yanamH epMb MapanneneHo KOHDKy KPH HW nepegaoT B yanm BHeUHeH cH. Crpommrbmble Gepasi. Onn aanmotca ocnoeHol YacTbIO MepeKPHTHA, BOCIPHHH- MawoT BHeUmHioo Harpy3ky M MepenaloT ee wa qyHfaMeHT ypes mocpencrao cre HAH KomOHH. Onopu. Onopy cnyKaT IA NepemayM AeHCTBHA BHEWHHX CHA gyHAAMeHTy cTeH aH KONOHH, Onopa BOCnpHHHMaeT yCHAMA crepKHel OnOpHOro y3Na HK BHISKIBAeT Mpo- THBOAeCTBHe — peaKUHi CO CTOPOME CTeHI, MOAh|epMeHHOTO KaMHA WAH KOAOHHLI, Ha KoTOpHX OHA ycTaHOBIeHa. Conan. Can3n OuiealoT AByX PONOB: nonepewnne, pacnonoKeHHwe MeKY bepMaMH B BEPTHKANbHBIX HH HaKIOHHUIX ILIOCKOCTAX, H eemposte, yCTAHaBNUBAeMUe MEDKAY ‘bepMaMH 8 TINocKOCTH KPOBNH. Tlomepeuntie caasu oSecnewneaot nono kenwe yanos 8 BepTuKanbHO mMlockocTH H, BMeCTe C BETPOBLIMH CBASAMH, OOycNOBNKBAaWT yCTOHYHBOCTS BCero COOPy>KeHHA. Orgembune naockwe GepMbl, AMUWEHHEIe CBASeH, Nerko MOryT ONPOKHAYTDCA, ocoGeHHo mp cGopKe M ycTaHoBKe HX Ha MeCTO.xeHHH, ony6nuKoBaHHiiM B 1925 r, Ynpasnexvem Mockosckoro Fy6epuckoro Hipxenepa, M02'eMbi AOKI ObITh He McHEe: SAA KpOBAM, KpUTOM MENEIOM. © ee « © > Tone. > » Sepemmel, % # 2 rourom nai zocvarob son im WCKYCCTBEXHEIM mMepom. » FONbUEMEHTHMX MEpeKpTHA. 5... + [Ipweegenwme unpph ykastiaioT oTHoWeHHe NOA‘eMa K Mponery B ABYXCKATHOH Kppiue, 18"/,—~10"/ 33%/,—18Y/, 45 18, Alanuuie © narpyaKax. Harpy3ku KOTOpHM MOgBepraloTcA SAeMeHTH KPH HM CTpOnWABHBIe depmMb, cAaraiorca 43 HATPy3OK nocmoannur H epexenutc. K NOCTOAHHMIM OTHOCATCA — coGcTBEH- MBI BEC CAMOTO OMeMeHTA H BEC BbIMe PACNONOKEHHEIX OMEMEHTOB H YacTel KpEIH, K spemMeHHLIM OTHOCATCA: MaBneHHe ener M NaBNeHHe sempa. Tloctonuuan HarpysKa. Bemuunva ee onpenenstetca mocrenenHo no Mepe pacueta uacrel, Aina pacuera—npa ee ucuncnenHm — npHHuMaercA Bec BI KB. M. Kenesuof xponnn (a3 12-yHtoporo wenesa). . . . . 7 ow Kposemuoro rons, 8 3agucMMocTH oT TonuMNM, .. . . oT 3— Mey PyGepoha apohnoh Tom 6. 6. ee 2h» Acnuavol Kpoanm. . 2... ween ioe Be Uepenwsnot xponau, 8 aaancunocta or Buxa vepeamum | 50-90, (a3 mnocKoR sepennmtes 80—90 xr, Pon anACKOR weperTHenes 55 Kr) Boltnoxa..-.. crt hs @ 5 Pranxoro evesia ap Tomine MK... no , tw See e ee eeee wow ee Bwe esse eenee 7 Mn nonyuenns beca Mpowonoynoro cTeKa K TpeM MOCHeAHHM JaHHbIM CHEAYET MPHOABHT ~~... ess cess ceeneer eer eeeers seeeee pceeeteeeaeeoreeee SRTBec 1 wyGm cremma. 2 mn 1» » enoporo nepepa . . n Tn» COCHOBOTO Repesa . oly» mK... ee + Tog» mmermertmianet . 5% —w— 2.600 xr 650 150 5 00, 50 ,, Bec Ky6. ou ayGa . Oyxa 900 wr . 900 ,, » MpoGKoBX nar. . 250—300 . mwroru oxenera. 1850, B cneaywmel taGanue (Ne 2) npHeexenst cpenHne sHayeHHA co6cme, seca xpoesu, ofpewemun u conse Kak it HaKNOHMOH NoBepxHOCTH KPHIH, TaK H JIA ropHsoH- TaNbHOK ee MpoeKUMH MpH HaHGonee YacTo BcTpeYaloMLHxcA ykNoHax 2), Ta6nuya M 2 cobcri ca MPOBAH, OGpeMeTHN H CEasel. = e Yron yxaona + fe |—_—_____,—_- & ee fer arf sae aw 10> | 14° 2)12° 321 te te 5 i Be a le Ormomenne = "7 PBS eS Ba ns| 12 | 2s | Kw norpa 1) Onmoman sepenmanan . . .j| 102 | 144] 122] 114 2| Trofnas was wmencnan yepe- MUM. ee ee ee 1a | 1a} 152] 142] 157] 129 3) OGuxnosennan acnnnwan. . ‘ 76 | 108) 91) 95] 92 4{ Acmmman wa xeneanux yron- | WANS a ee vee] 45] 64) 54] 30] 48 5) Tomepan.. 1 2.2. 2 I 30 a uM 32 2] 31 a 31 F Tak Kak yKAOW TAKOR KPHUM OGuaKHOBENHO = "frye 6 Upepecnonemenman . . . .|| 164 | 1 xB. m COpHa0HY. NPOeKUHH Bec C€ MOMKHO MpHu ~* papiun 164 Kr 7| M3 umxxos, HAH mare mic wa Repessunomitacrune ...!| 41 | 58] 49/ 40] 44) 43| 42| 42] 42 8) 13 uHHxonem AncTOB wa HacrH- Ae WH Ha KeNesHuX OGpenIe- | TWH eee ee es 8 58 s2| 51} 0 9] iz auctoBoro »enesa Ha nK«e- nesHux yronKax . B 2| 26] 2% 10] His somuucroro’ nana na Ke: eaHU yroaKax.. . 4. | 20] 28) 24 za} aja} a} a 11] Hs soanmcroro enesa Ha Ke HESSD YTONKAR. s,s. ws} | is} 17) 16] 6} 16) 15) 15 12] Crexnamtan na sweneoux yror: xax wm roptunax..-. | 40] 57 48] 45] 43 1) Beau g— sec e Kt ual KB. M HaxaownoR nosepxHoCra KpOBTH, TO Bec Ha | m! ropHsoy 4 FaaBROA €8, mpopaMIM gm Gary Fat € yron ykaona xpuui.—13 — Co6ctsenneii Beo epm (GanoyHEix). a) Meneamux, px xopoweli KOHCTpyKUMH codemecunuil sec omescomur Sep na 1 Ke. M topusoNmaadnol: npooxyun xpritun—p, peAKO MpeBocxogut 25 Hr Ha | KA. M OpH3OHTABHOM MpoeKUMH KPHILH. Tipn mami® nponerax H erKHX KOHCTPYKRHAX MOXKHO MPHHATH: py = 15 — 20 Krim?, Mpu Gonsmux npomeTax HM TKENLX KOHCTPYKUHAX — 20 —30 Kr/M?. Kpome 9T#X qaHHeix, yume NpH NpemBapHTeNbHOM PacueTe NOTBIOBaTRCA SMNH- pHueckod dopmyron: Py = (1,5—2) f, rae p,— pec Ha | KB. M FOpH3oHTatbHOH MpoeKynH, /—nponeT hepmei B MeTpax. Mpuunmawt taioxe no Termattepy co6creenHbii Bec anraniickoh eps MMo- MoHco (chorKHol): 10-20 m, = 1-=20—30 a, i= 2-40 n, ‘py = 25 Kr/M; P= 37 xr/m* DP, = 50 Kr/m*. Bec gepmu G ia KaKAOM cHCTeMbI ompenenAeTCA Gonee TOUHO H HeEMHOrHM oTaMuaeTcA OT AeHCTBHTeENbHON BeRHYKHE No HinKecnenyiomel oOmel dopmyne, BLIBE- AeHHoi aBTopom: Gow (mts + uy) Tae 6-~pacctonnHe Mexay depMamMH, m, » H k—onpenenenHue AAaHHHe WIA Kaaoro Tuna epm G (cM. HioKe). b) Aepesaumux. B cpeanem, Bx0vaA >KeesHLIe NOKOBKH, mpH Bece 1 m* JepeBa B 750 KI, NPHHHMaWT Ha 1 Ke, M topusoumasmo’ mpoexyuu: np npozete 8 10—15 Mm 13—18 xr Npm mponere 8 20—25 mM = 23—28 xr » . » 15—20 , 18—23 , » » 25-30, 28-35 Bpemenwan Harpyska. K ppemenwoh Harpy3ke OTHOCATCA faByleHMe cHera M aBNeHHe BeTpA. Aasnenne onera Zjapnenne cuera npwunmait y wac B 100 Kr Ha 1 KB. M TOpH3oHTaNbHOK MmpoeK- Qa KPUMIH. B puny pasnoo6pasHa KAWMata o6wHpHoro mpocrpaucTBa CCCP m paanHuHoro HaHGoNbMero KOAMYCCTBA CHefa, BbINaJaloulero B PaSIHYHUX MeCTHOCTAX, oAHOOOpas~ Han Hopma B 100 Kr/m? He ABIAeTCA pauHOHATbHOK; OHA MOKeT ObiTh NpHHATA AIA cepepa EsponeAcxoH yacra CCCP, ana Cu6upx. Jaa wonton uacrn Cowaa zapnene CcHera JOMKHO GLITh NOHDKEHO Oo 75 Kr/M* Tipw ykaone Kpua B 45° m Kpyye cHer cnonsaeT; NOsTOMy B STHX cnyuaAX He BBOAAT B pacieT PepMb! AaBNeHKe CHera. Ecam wepes A: BM o603HauHM TONUMHY cHera Ha NOBePXHOCTH semMAH H Yepes P,—sec ero #@ KB. M ropH3onT. nnoujamn, TO P,—BeC cHera Ha KB. M MioulanH KpBILH (our. 2) suipasutca hopmy.no: P,=P,. cosa, rae a—yroa naknona KpblUH, wa P,=100.h. cosa.—-ue— Raymond Gros (,Les grands barémes de la construction metallique) Nipemcrapun sHavenHa P, 8 Kr HS 3TOH POpMYAb B GaBHCHMOCTH OT BUCOTH CIOn cuera h,, 4 yraa HaKqoHa KpLH 2 B cheayiouel Ta6nnue (Ne 3). Talnuya Ne S—neca P, ear cnera Ha KB. M MNOMagn KpMUNM B saNMcHMeETA eT auCOTH h, Bm, 4 yraa 2°, ‘OGuxnovento npHHNMAIOT TORY cAoA cera B 0,1 4; TOrAA BEC ero Ma Ke. M TOpHSONTaRDHO mnomMAAH cOcTaRHTD 100 er. B Tepmanwa no wopmam 1919 r, npHHana: Aapnenuc cuera $= 7S.cosa (qur. 2) wa 1 up. a ropusouTanbiol npoerayin i Nepexpimran, npH 4 npeaycmatpunaerca ene caysal acRcrBIA ‘ur. 2. chera Wa OAMOH nonosKne Gepxu, npeanonaran, “TO ¢ Apyrot— Her ¢ayT BETPOM, B caeayiowed taGnune mpencrannens suavenia SB aanHcuMoctH oT yrna s,no? | 75 | a0 2°} 70 | ao 3] 65 | m0 35°] 60 | 204] 55 » 21° 4 » 26°] 69 > 3] 64 » | 59 24a] 54 » 22] 73 » 2] 68 - P| 6 2 3r | 58 7 42 | 53 Bl) 2 » 2B] OF » P| 62 » 38] 87 » 43} 52 we] 7 » wl 66 se) 6 2 3r| 56 7a] 5 np yrae Gonee 4 | sso | — = = 7 | 50 Bo Opanuin aapnenne cxera a 1 KB. m rOpHSoHTAMAHON npJeKMKK NpHHMMAeTCA B 60 xr. Tio rexuiueckum ycnosuam YMI'H (Ynpasnedua Mockosckoro Ty6epucKoro MaKe Hepa) HaBnenne cHera Ha 7 Ke. .« topusonmasruol npoenyus NPHHUMAETCA. Tipu yene waknoua or 0°10"... 6. 1M WW... .. ur howe WB tee Oy soo noo WW... eee Pe ee ao, em BBP Ge ae ok i a. B paccmarpneaemex Hike GaNoUNbIX CTPONMABHLIX epMax Harpy3Ka cHerom Bcet bepmii Gonee onacHa, 4eM OAHOCTOpOHHAA, Ajasnenue Betpa. Tlaanenne setpa W na KB. M NoBepXHOCTH, NepneHaukynapHoh K ero Hampa- BneHmo, MpH cKopoctn V: Micek., cocrasnser: 1) no Bontrmany . 2) m0 Mopucy Jeon. Z 3) mo Monciumm aainuan. . Ecan np#uate nocneaHio dopmysy, To V2 riot ve xriat Varia, 1) ana cantuon Gypt . . .mpe V—30 mje sHavenme W's 90 Kr/Mt, 2), yparana... 7 % 130 Kr }m?, 3) » Gonbmoro yparana.. , i 210 Kr/at, Hawa crapas cywecrsyiouias Hopma 1W’= 180 Kr/m?) coorsercrayer cKopocTit Yron 2 (pur. 3), o6pasyempii nanpapne- HEM BeTPa C TOpHZOHTOM, MpHHHMaLOT B 10°, HAM Ke NPHHMMALOT yroN 3°, a TaroKe 3 = 0, T.-@. TOpH3oHTaNbHoe HampasienHe jelicTBHA petpa. Tlycrs 1” —gaenenve serpa na | KB. M Hnockocru ab (pur. 3), nepnenguxynapHot K Hanpapneniio Berpa. Betep, pacnpenenaach wa cooTsercrBylo- lwyto Gonbulyio YaCTh KpoBaM ac, NPoOMSBOHT Ha 1 KB. M 3ToM HaKNOHHOH NAOCKOCTH MeHbUIee JaBIeHHe. Tapnenue verpa IW’, wa 1 KB. m MAOCKOCTH ac KpoBaM BbipaKaeTcA BenHuMHOM: W, = sin (a+-8), 2) B Tepmanus aasnenue perpa Wana Kpaur Snanu x0 25 M BHEOTM MpHAHMaT = 125 Kr/Mt, pM BuCOTe anaHnA, MpenumaonieH 25 m, H’= 150 xr/m?. 42,4 mjcex,—ie— Paanookum 970 WaBNeHHe Ha HOpMaNbHOe H KacaTenbHoe K Kpopne. KacaTenbHoe RapnenWe BeTpa GyxeT CKONESHTE NO NOBePXHOCTM KPOBIM H He OK@KeT JABNeHHA. Hopmanbuoe gapnenwe petpa I>, MpwHMMaeMoe npH pacuere, papHaetca Wy sin (@ +B) wan Wsin*(« +8). IV, = Wsin? (a +8) CornacHo HopeiWwMM AAHHHM, NpHHMMaloT WW, npAMO NponopuMOHaeHDIM epsoit emencau sin (a+ 8), a He ero KBagpary, T.-e. =Wsin(a+B).. 2... . (1), re Wax 180 Kr/m? 3) Beptaxanbuaa cocrapnmoulan store aapnenua (pur. 4) y= cos a B kr Ha | Ke. M nmowaaH KpbWwH. Ke. Mm naowagH KpHUM pabeH KBaapaTHoMy MeTpy FOpH30HTaMbHoH MpoeKynH, ereHHOMy Ha COS a, NooTOMy sepmuxdaonaa cocraanmoman V wa | KB. M our. 4. B cneaywuelt ta6nuue (No 4) ganbl sHavenna H’, H VB Ke 2A pasnH4HBx yKIO HOB KpLum. cost Ta6anua Ne 4. Yroa waxnona Kpbum > as° |32ear7] 25%a0'| 21-501] 18°25] 16° wae | 12°30"! 119207 si pyatasapada at 1 ee eee TY os) 2) 251 3 458 a] a s i Hopmantuoe nasnenue: W == 120 sin (2-+ 10°) we} es] 72] 63] 57] 53} 49] 46) 41 W= 180 sin (2-4 10°) 447| 125} 108] 9] 86) go} | 69] 66 Beptuxansmue cocranaamupe AasewiA Betpa na 1 xB. METD Opus. poesia | y- Oe 196 | 1200] so] 73] o| 57 46 ve 180 sin (2-+ 10°) _ 86 or n 69 | 180} 135] 110) 96 1) B Pepmani aspnenue W wa 1 MB. M moBepxHocrH, nepnenaiKyrapHok K KanpasreiM perpa, RpMHMMAeTCR: AAA KpHut snaHHA BucoToH no 25M... - + 125 ner/n? ‘ > Gonee 25m... 2. 150 Kret Hanpasnenne aetterena BeTpa MpHlumaercA FOpHSOHTAABHLM. We = W sin a.“a Kposaw oTkKpniTbix StaHHa, KpoMe BilleyKa2aHHoro faBneHHA BeTpa II'y, paccaH- ‘TMBAIOTCA elle Ha faBNenHe BeTpa cHH3y BRepx = 0,75 I"o. Ta6nmya Ne 5 —snavennd W°= W sin a (8 Hr). 2 | 29h — 180 xryn® i We 05 | a3! a a al «| 36 (h—sucora nawena Konnka auycKarnolt fepmut, / -mporer). Bo paniam I npunumaetca B 150 Kr/m* H B= 10, Wa: - W sin (@ + 10°) Flo rexniyeckhm ycnosuam YMTH W, ++ W sina, mpm vem sHavenne W npHHMaercA: a) B 3ACTPOCHHLIX BLICOKHMM CTPOeHHAMHM MECTHOCTAX, B ropode MockBe — B npegenax Cagoporo KonbUa, a TaK)Ke B eCHCTLX MeCTaX ryGepuun . 80 Kr/m? 6) 8 okpaMHHolt vacra rop. Mockeu u HeGomUHx ropomax. ... 120 » 8) B 0co6o OTKPLITHIX H BOSBULUEHHLX palioHax BHe ropona Mocks . 150° » Hwoxe npusencunt suavenna W, (B Kr) aia pasmuunnx sHayeHHi Il’ B saBKcH- MocTM oT yrna ¢—HaknoHa KpHlH. TaSanya Ne 6. | | =| I * a 80 We | af 31 1 “ op n| 2s | | 104 | is | 20 W = 150 I | 29| | 63 as| 2s| =| 10 | us | wl us | 150 Mipu copmecruom jefcTonH cnera u neTpa cneayer GpaTe nMus */, Marpy3KH oT nomHoro AaBNeHHA CHera H %, OT AaBneHHa BeTpa. KpoBAH oTKpbITHX 32aHHA ROMKHD ObiTb TaK*Ke PACCUHTAHL! Ha AaBeHHe BeTpa CHH3Y BBEPX C HHT@HCHBHOCTLW 0,75 .IVy, rae Wo—HopManbHoe AaBnenHe. Ha otcactipawmee geHcrane petpa c HHTeHCHBHOCTBO 0,75 11, paccamTnsaoTcA KPOBNH OCO6O BaKHEIX COOpyAEHHM—BOKSANBHbIX MepeKpbITHA, STHHTOB, aNrapoB. Tip’ negemewwom yrae a, Kora noBepXHOCTh KpHWH HM2eT Obpasywiljeh HeXo- Topyo KpHaylo, onperenenne II, mpome AocTuraetca rpapHyeckHm nyTem. Wy == IV. sin @-+ 10%, rae i = 80 xr—120 xr nam 180 Ke Ha 1 KB. M. ‘Bucrpuii pacres,—16— Nycrs yan: a, b, ¢, d (ur, 5) pacnosonkeHts Ha KPHBOAHHEHHOM Tlosice Pepmbi, XopAsi ANKCaHHOro MHOroyronBHHKa, KaK ab, be, cd —natent nosca. Jaa onpegenenna IW, HopManbHOrO ABAeHHA K Kaxo Manet, mpoBsogHM nH- nmi mO (pur. 6) nox yrnom A, mpHHATUM paBHM 10°, K ropHaotTanH OK. Uepes Touxy O nposoaHM nuuuu Mb, Oc, Oxl, cooraercreeHHo napannerbutte naHensM ab, bc, cd. 4 Ornomns otpesok Ob, mpenctaanannptt py senuunny IV. 8 cooTeetcraytoutem macurrabe, onncuibaem 43 TOUKN O paguycom Ob gyry, B Touax b, 7, d. U3 OTHX TOWeK, KaK yica- * sano na our. 6, oTmyckaem mepnenanny- ‘” nape Ha aMHMIO Our. DLnmHit OTHX nepneH- AMKYNSpuB Bupakaiot sHayenua WV, ana OTAeNbHBX NaHeseH NOR yrmaMH @, a4, ay K rOpHsouTy. Va noctpoenwa cnegyer: 6B =0b sin (2,9 + 10°) = Wy Hi] iarapaa siepicenaes Gposcannen eatin our. 5. ur. 6. D (ay? + 10%; C=: 06 sin (a, +10) =. I, sin a,°+10%; dD = Wy sin (2° +109, Ansa Poccum C'eaq winmenepos Caymin Nytw 6 1898 rogy nc TaHoBMA MpMHMMaTE: 1) 560 nonHoe naBaeHHe cHera B 100 Kr Ha I KB. M ropH3. NpoekWMH KpBILUM, 2) mm60 AaBneHHe BeTpa, MepMetAMKyNApHOe K CKATY KPLIMIH 7 W, = 180 Sin* (a? + 10°), 3) nH60, MpH coBMecTHOM jeitcTBHH BeTpa H cHera, AaBAeHMe BeTpa = %/y MaKcH™ ManbHoro H flapfenHe cHera = */, makcHManbHoro. Busop ecauwunus nopexcnuur waspyson saeucum soovue om raumamuncenur yoaoenis mcomnocmt, 10e sostodumen coopyaccnuc,—- T1aBHbIM 06pa30M, OT HaHOorbNero KONW4eCTBA sbinaRaioero CHera MOT HHTEHCHBHOCTH peiCTSHA rocnOnCreyIoWHX BeTpOB. Nlonokente peu no- CTpOMKH MMeeT TaroKe HeMmaio~ BAKHOE SHAYeHHE; B MECTHOCTH OTKpbITOH, Kak, HanpHMep, Ha Gepery mOpa, BepumMHe opt, Kpuua =Gyner monseprateca HanGolee CHIBHOMy aBteHHio sepa, Torna Kak B roponax, peal Apyrux nocrpoex, sel creme TOTO ke BeTpa OKAIHBAeTCA He CTONb MHTEHCKBHLIM. JMna crponin spemMerHitx coopyKeHH MOryT ObITb NPHHATH MeHbIHE RENHAHHE TepemeHHEX Harpy30K, Hem ANA CTPONHN NOCTOAHHBIX coopy>KeHHit. B cny4ae pacnonokeHHA HecKOAbKHX NOKpLITHH NapasenbHo OAHO ApyTOMy, KaK, ManpHMep, AIA epm MHAbYaTOA dopMb, AaBNeHHe BeTpa ANA HHX MpeACTaBHTCA, KaK ykagaHo Ha our. 7. ur. 7.— 19 — Harpyska oT Bea Yenoseka. TIpH pacuete AOCcoK onany6KH H OOpeueTHH npHHH- maeéTCA CocpesoToueHHit Tpy3 B 100 Kr, npeacrasnmomnit cool Bec YenoReKa cC HHCTpy- MeHTOM; B 3TOH Harpy3ke yuTeHo GHHamHUecKoe gelicrane MpH xoge6e W paGoTe: BMeCTO 100 Kr—npuHumaior tatoKe 80 Kr. TipHcyrersHe yenoweka Ha Kpilue pH yKa3aHMbIX BbIWe AABNeHHAX BeTpa HCHUTIO- waercn (11 = 180 xq/x* coorsercreyet yparany, II" == 120 Kr mM? cooTeercrayer OCH CHAbHOR Bype). Pacuer saemenTos nepexphiTaa nocpeACTBOM rpacpaKos. Bonnucroe meneso. Bonnuctoe >xene30, Benenctane Gonbuloro CONpoTHBNeHHA CpaBHHTebHO Cc He3Ha- MHTENBHBIM BeCOM, ABNACTCA BeIrOAHBIM HacTHoM. Ha ur. 8 npegcraniena KpOBIA W3 BOAMMCTOrO >KeENesA. Paccroauue mexay ocamm rpe6ueii (pur, 9) Haz. tepenoi TR} BorHb 5, a BePTHKANbHOe paccTOAHHe MEKAY BepLIHHOH MH HH3OM , BOMB Haz, excomot — h, ‘dur. 9. Pasnuwator 2 THNa: taockoe H Gasounoc, Ecau kKenesa ABAeTCA Gonbilak TEMIONPOBOAHOCTh, BCAEACTBHE YeTO SHMOH SuIBAeT XONOAHO, a TETOM 2KAPKO; 3aTeM KENEIO PKABE!T, TOYEMY CHEMYeT MPHMEHATS oyMHxosannoe, CoeavHenHe MCTOB NpoHsBoqMTcA NOCpeACTBOM SaknenioK Ham. 6 Mm H 8 mM; N'pH 6 mm paccronuHe mexkay 3axnenkamH 300—400 mm (ur. 10), mpx 8 mm—400—500 mm. CoeguHenve MHCTOB B HanpaBieHHH, MEPNeHAKKYAAPHOM KOHBKY KPpbillH, MOKA3aHO va our. 10. Hanyck Kpaes Ha 5—7 cm; nog 3aKnenoyHOH ronoBKoH crapuTcn walGouKa AA Tepenawi gaBneHHA wa Gonbutyio NoBepxHocrs. Ha pur. 11 mpencrapneHo coenH-— 20— HeHHe NHCTOB NapaeAbHO KOHbKY. 3aKNenkH pacnonarawrca no rpebuam. Uem meHbine yenon, Tem Gonbive AenaeTca HaNycK—NepekpEITHe KpaeB AWCTOB—HIDKHHX BepXHmH. 1 1 1 1 1 1 TS 2 25 3 35 4 8 12 4 16 18 20 Tipupennenve Kk 2KenesHbim oGpemierHHam NpowSBOAHTCA NocpenCTBOM KPIOUKOB pasmepamu 30 mmx 3 MM HH 50 mmx 6 MM, Kpioukn crapatca upes 3—4 pomnu. Pacuem, Paciet Bon >Kene3a QA WwHpHHt B 1,0 M NpousBOAHTCA, KaK OA GankH, cBoSogHo nexaueh na 2-x onopax. Mpx pacuere npHxumawT cobcrpeHHsit Bec 1 ke. M=10—12 xr. Tipu yknoue Bennunna Hanycka cm: ‘our. 10. Ecak g—HopmanbuaA paBHoMepHo-pacnpesenenhad Harpy3Ka Ha 1 mM WHpHHE 47.100 8 u | —pacueruei nponer B Mm, To usrH6. Moment Af = Tpe6yemnii MomeHT comporHBneHHA: Wap. = 3! F? k—aonyckaemoe Hanpmkenve mpHHHMalor 800 Kricm®; uTObb He MONyYHTb Malyio TOMMY HB BHfaX prxXAaBeHKA MpHHMaloT k TaroKe = 650 Kr/cm?. Moment uxepunu (npkOnt>xeHHo), Ho AocTaTouHo TouHO AIA TonocH WHpHHOH B 1 M: T=0,1 {0,103 +0,186 (4: 2)] .h* 8,—B cm', rge 8—ronupna. Moment conpotnanenua I¥ = [0,196 + 0,354 (k:4)].4.3- 8 cw, B Konue KHUTH Java tabanua npopunel. Tpagwx We 1. Zia oGneruenna pacueta nocrpoen rpaguk Ne 1 (cm. B KOHUe KHHH). Ha oc aGcuvicc OTMOKEHE! SHaYeHHA mporeTos ? BM, a Ha AyroBo wWKane RAHI SHAYeHHA Harpy30K g, MPHXoAAWAXcA Ha IM NoNocH. TOpHSOHTATBHWe AMHHM YKAasWBAIOT HOMep npopuna uw sec 1 Ke. MB Kr, Tlo nponety J H HarpysKe g HaXOAAT cooTBETCTBYyWIee ceueHHe, AA wero HaQO HaNpaBMTh HHTh— WAM HAYepYeHHY!O Ha KaABKe AWHMIO — upes Hayano Koopahnat O W coorBeTcTByomee AeeHHE AYTH, OTBEYaOMee SHAMEHKIO g, HW AIA Aanno# Mpamod no aGcuncce / HaitrH opquHaty, BepxHAA TOUKa KOTOpoh yKaxKeT Ha Gnmxatmel (Bepxnel) npAMoH HoMep npoduna HcKOMoro ceyennA, JonycKaemoe Hanpa- oenn2 k npwustro = 800 Kr/cm, Tlyers q = 150 Kr, 1=2,0 m. Cevenne 135 x 30 x 1'/, mM.— 21 Npumep 1. Paccanrats sonHHCToe »xeNe30, ECNH paccToRHHe MexAy OOpeweTAHaMH 1=2,5 m, yron yknowa x 21° 50’. Pemenne. a) Botuucacuue: Tipuumaem pec 1 KB. a— 10 Kr. Pasnaraem BepTHKaibHbie Harpy3kH Ha 2 cocTasaAWuMte: OHy — HOpManbHylo K ckaty, H Apyrylo— Mapannenbuy0 K cKaTy; HOpManbHaA K cKaTy cocTaBnAIOWaA ~* 10. Cos a= 10. 0,928 = c09,3 Kr. Ot mar naBneHHA cHeta HOPMaMbaA K cKaTy cocTasimMOWan 8, = 100 Cos 21° 50°. Cos 21° 50, 100 . 928? = 02 86,5 Kr. Hopmansuoe Aasaenne setpa |, 95 xr,s.2. [pu copmecrHom yelcrsHu Betta H cHera O6ujaA HOpManbHaA Harpy3sKa 47> 93-4 $865 + £95 = np. 138 xr. 4 2. M- a - Has2e $00 5510780 xr. en. " a = co 13 emt. Ws ta6anu no (VY naxonum mpopune 100 x 40x 1 mm c IV? = 13,8 cw a g— pecom | xB. M.-40,8 xr (nau 70 x 35 x t mmc HW = 13,3 cm? wg = 12,3 Kr). His rpnguen Met. Hanpaanan Huth. HAH AuHHIO Yepes y = 138, HaxoaHM M0 Nponery |, KaK aGcuncce, Opauuary, BepXHAR YaCTe KoTOpoH NpHMUKaeT K FopHsoHT. AMNH npodunA 70 x 35 x x [mm wan K 100 x40 x | MM—uTo monyY¥eno BLuMcnenHeM. Hpuxexanue, U3 cpapuka aerko onpenenvth 4A AaNHOro Npoduna Ww Ha- rpysku g—aonyckaemuit mponer 7, in ero Haso HaNpaBHTe sMMHIO Yepes Renenue q, Haitrd TOWKy NepeceyenHA e& c ropH3ONTaALHOM AMHHeH npoduan, a6cuvcca sto TouKH MepeceveHHA DaeT HCKOMUM nporer J. Pacyet ofpewetwH. Pacuet sepxanx ofpemeran. OGpeweruin pacnonarairca napalienbHo cKaTy M paccuuTHeaiotcA mo HavGonbulel Harpyske, Kak 6a/Ka, cB0GogHO AeKamaA Ha 2-x onopax, xoTA MpeacTasaner Hepaspesnyi0 Ganky va 3-x un 4-x onopax, uTO HET B Moasy mpowoctu. Npw rapantenbuom pacnonoxKenun hepm o6peweTHHn pacnona- Taorch Ha OMMHAKOBOM paccromHuM a Apye oT Apyra—O0,9 m—1,25 m, wame scero 1,0 m. Bepxnne oGpewetunn: genaiorcn AepeBAHHUMH, NO NpenmywjecrBy, Kora K HM TipnOupactca AowaTH HaCTHA. Tina keneaHuiX OGpelieTHH MipHMeHAIOT WIBEAnEpa M AByTaBpOBLe GanKH Max npopunert. Harpysku -— cormacuo spuueyKasannux 3-x cnyyaes.= Tipunwmaem ayech 3-H cnyyal, Kak caMMi MeBHTonHEIA (CoBmecTHoe AeHcrBne Berpa m cuera). Harpyska, pasHomepHo pacnpegenennas, cnaraeca W3: 1) cofers. peca camo o6pewerHun, Tlycrs g’— sec J nor. M (qa MpexpapureMeHoro pacyeta mpHHimator y = 10 Kr WH 3aJaoTcA pasmepamH HM HCYHCRAIT Bec | Tor. M); 2) Beca KpoBebHOro MaTepHata, MollaToro HacTHa HAM Bpycbes. Tiycrs g” mpwxogutca Ha | KB. M MoBepxXHOCTH KPH; 3) napnenwa cHera S kr na 1 KB. M ropH3oNT. MpoeKIHH; 4) aapneHHa eetpa IV, Ha 1 KB, M MOBepXHOCTH KpHLIH. Beprukasbuaa Harpy3ka pasnaraerca Wa 2 cocrapnalouyMe: OJHy — HOpManbHy0 K ckaty, 4 Apyryio—napasnenbHyio K cKaTy. Cocrapnaule BepTHKaIbHLIX Harpy3oK Ha | nor. M: 1) or coGers. seca o6pewerunei: HopmanbHan g, = 9’ Cosa, Mapanneabuan g,=9' Sina; 2) or gy”: Hopmanbuan y,=9 Cosa.a, Mapamnenbuad 4, = g'Sina.a; 3) or AapneHHA cHera: uopmanbuan S, = § Cos 2.Cosa.a=S Cos*a.a, napannensias S, = § Cos @ Sin ¢.¢=$ Sin 2e,. Na I 1. M HopManbHoe AaenenHe Berpa HW = W,.a. Odwas Hopmanbuan warpysKa p= +4, +S, + W Tlapannentuaa cvary Harpy3ka g = 4, -+ 92 + Sp. Ecaw npene6peyb nesaxumertnocm BIMAHHEM MpofoNbHOM CHAM, TO pacueT Aeper BAHHOA OGpeWleTHHL! MpOHSBOMTCA MpOUle, H PaSMePH HCKOMOTO CeYEHHA OMpemeTAOTCA To TpeGyemoMy MoMeHTy CONpoTHBNeHHA 72100 ont Van OS Sagasumch wupHHod bn gonyckaemeim HanpaxeHHem k = 80 Kr;cm*, Tonyuawor . pe 2 ba Ga OB! OT rae 1—mponet & m (MOKHO. NONb3oRaTECA TaGMHUeH W’— MoMeHTOB CONpOTHBNeHHH ANA HIpAMOYTOAbHBIX ceYeHHA, NpHeeneHHOh B Hitte — l-as yacrs). Zina Gonee sKonoMnyHOro ceyeHHA 5 4— $4 ph=1,12lVp.— 23 -— Ecnu yuecTs BOMAHMe NpOPOAbHOH cHNL Ha BCO ANMHY GankH Q= gl, ro pacuet Nponspoqurca no opmy.ne: r= Za, rae F—naowage cevenua, Af —nsruGaromah moment. Tpaguu & 2, Daa obnervenua pacuera 4 HenocpeACrBeHHoro onpemenenHa pasMepoR ceyeHHA AepeBAHHLX obpeweTHH noctpoeH rpapux Ne 2 (cm. B KOHMe KHHTH). Ha ocu aGcyuce npegctasnenbi npoxetu ?, a Ha AyroBLIx WKaTaX—Harpy3sKa g B KT ua 1 nor. M; QR COCHIA AonycKaemoe HanpaxKeHHe & npwnATo = 100 Krj/cm’; ana emu — k = 80 Kr/cm’. Tipu noctpoennu rpaduxa, & npunato papHium 80 Kricm?. Tlo sanannomy nponety ? 4 warpyaKe g HaXOAAT pasMepH CeueHHA,— ANA Yero Wano HanpaBHTD MUTE HIM Ha KanbKe HaYepyeHHyIO AMMHIO Yepes cooTBeTCTByIOUIce Revert AyTM g, H ANA OGosHaMeHHON HHTBIO NPAMOM Ha abcuncce I oTCURTaTh OpAMNaTy, YkasuBalollyio CBOHM KOHIIOM Ha Gmnxailuieh mpaMoh pasmMeput CeveHHA B CM. Myers 0 = 3,2 m; q= 150 kr ma 1 nor. mm k= 80 Kefcw?. Tiposega amHmo vepes aenenwe q 2-H ayrM, nonyyaem no aGcuacce t= 3,2 opan- HaTy, KoHem KOTOpOH MpHMUKaeT K rOpH30HTaMLHOH AMHHH, Ha KOTOpoH yKasaHit pasmepet: 12 cm x 10 cm. Tlopepka exvacsenuen. TpeGyeTca MomeHT CONPOTHBIEHKA. * Fog ft = 132" 100 340 oy Moment conporupnenun cevenna bh _ 10.12% fee . Ww e 6 240 cm’. Apmmep 2. Paccuntare Bepxioi oGpeuleTHHy ana ToneBOH KPOBNH, ecaH pac- CTORHHe MeXKAY OGpeuleTHHaKH a = 1,0 M, yron yKnoHa a = 21°50’ w pacueTHBA mpo- ner 1= 8,8 M. Pewenne. a) Buwncsenuen: Harpy3kM Ha 1 mot. M O6peueTHHLN, Nopuasomue K CKATY: 1) of Beca camoR o6pemetune = 10 Cos 21°50’ = 10.0,928 = co 9,3 Ke. (Tipwummaem Bec nor, m= 10 Kr); 2) of Beca goc¥atoro Hacruna (opaMHapHoro) M TonA 35 Cos 21°50’ = 35. 0,928 = =32,4 Kr; 3) oT nonHoro maBnenua cHera 100 Cos* « = 100. 0,9289 = 86 Kr; 4) oT max. gapnenua perpa (cm. Ta6n. Ne 4)= 95 Kr; 5) oT seca YenopeKa Ha 1 nor. M—23KBHBAJCHTHOH pasHomepHo-pacnperencHHon narpyskn — x. 0,928 -- 49 Kr.a 1-6 caywati 9,3 + 32,4 + 86 + 49 =.176,7 Kr=oxp. 177 Kr. 2 cayuait 9,3 + 3,24 + 95 = 136,7 Krco 137 Kr. 3-4 cayuatl 93-432,44 2 96.¢-3 95 = 169,2 xr 2 169 xr, HanGonee sbironisit — |-it cnyyait. Tpe6yenuill moment conporuonenna Way gee = 855 °.1). = 00.400 cw. Tlonémpaem ceuenwe 14x 12 em ¢ TH = 392 cmt, _ 177. 3,8. 100 Hanpmxenve 2 = 5300 ‘= 81 Kr/em?, Wa. epagana Re 2. 1=3,8 my q@= 177 wean. Crapa Hub Ha JeneHHe g = 177 ayru (* = 80), Nonyuaem Ha aGcuncce | = 3,8 opau- Haty, IpHMbiKaloulyio K TOpH3OHT. AMHKK ceveHHA 14cm x 12cm, “TO cooTBeTCTByeT Peaynetary, Nony4eHHOMy BUMHCHEHHEM, Nporonw. Tlporowst pacnonaraiorca Haq yanamn epmb HW MepegalT B HX HarpyskH, xeil- creyiouyHe Ha Kpbiusy. TiporoHt RenaioTcA AepeBAHHDIMH H >KEMESHRIMH: KENeESHEIE GIBAIOT HIM B BHAe OOMKHOBeHHEIX HepaspesHix Ganok, HAH MHOFONpoNeTHUX ¢ Wap- HApaMH—KenesHbIx HH epeBAHHLIX — ypaBHoBeWeHHLle (CM. HIDKe, crp. 28); pacno- ‘waraioT HX TH6O TopusoHTaneHo, MHGO NepmeHAHKyARpHO K cKaTy. Depessvntie nporonil genawrca mpAMoyronbHoro ceyeHHA HK NpHMeHAWTCA NpH PaccToAHHAX MexCly depMaMH Ro 3—3,5 mM H, NO MpenMymectBy, ecu K HHM NpH- GuBaeTcA HenocpencraeHHO oulaTLt HaCTHI. TipeanoururenbHee KenesHble O6peweTHHE, TAK KaK AoMycKanT Oombulee pacctoaHHe mexay epmamu, — Besencreve yero Tpebyerca MeHBWe depm 2A nepeKphrruA. HanGonee ynorpeGurenbuvie hopmn nonepeunoro ceuenua: aByTaBposoe T —reNe30, xopsitioe [ 4 seTosoe _; Ana HeGonbiHx nposteros (paccronHHit Mexny depmamn) npH- MeHAIOT TalOKe yrnopoe CeyeHHe. ECAH MpoKaTHBie NpobMNH GanoK OKASLIBAIOTCA HenO- CTaTOWHBIMH, NPHMEHAT Knenanle Ganku UK depmet. MporoHt 3 craBAT OOLIKHOBEHHO TepleHAWKyAApHO K CKaTY, OGpaujan BCPXHIOW NMONKY K KOHBKY; IPH TaKOM NONOKEHHH mMomeHT CONpoTHEReHHH AIA BEPTHKAMBHEIX cHA GomBUe. Tipu xpyruix yrnoHax M Aerkux KpoBMAX MOKET OKAa3aTECA GONee BHTOTHLM PacnonoxeHve CreHok DByTaBpoBbix GanokK H WBENMepos NepnenAMKYAAPHOE K CKaTY,— TIpM MONOTHX cKaTax M TAYKEALX KPOBAAX CTEHKH BLITORHeE CTABHTS BepTUKANEHO (cm. HuDKe)— 95 — PacueT nporoxos. (Hwxnne o6pemernun). Ecaw mporon—xepesannuli WMH >KenesHuH geyTasposoro J HAH Kopo6vatoro cevetua [—aekuT Ha 2-x HIM HECKONBKHX CTPOMHIbHEIX (epMax, TO OHa paccHHTH- Baetca Ha Koco narH6, Kak Ganka Ha 2-x onopax. Tipu nonoxewa rnasuolt ock Muepunn Y, nepnenduxyaspnom x cxaty (pur. 12), WanpapreHa AaseHHA BeTpa coBmagawT ¢ gToH OcbIO CeYeHHA, a BEpTHKaNbHaA Ha- Tpyska o6pasyer c Heit yron a. ipa nonoxenum och Y', eepniu- xaauow (K ckaty qur. 13), ¢ Heit” \ cosnagaet s¢pTHKanbHan Harpy3Ka, @ nockocTs AaBneHHR Berpa mepe- cekaeT ee 0a yrtoM a., Hago uaittn Moments of Harpy- 90K, JeHcrayrome no HanpaBneHnam rnapHex ocelH cewenua Xn Y. MookHo WIM pasOKHTe Har py3ky, Me Copnagaiomlylo C ocbiO, MO ABYM bur, 12. our. 13, ‘Our, 14, nanpasnennam Xu Y (pur. 12, 13) m Haitrx cooTBeTCTseHHO HurvGziomve MomeHTW Mf, u 3/,, KK OnpexeNHTS H3rHOaOuHA MomeHT oT HarpyskH Af. H ero pasiOKKTS NO YKagaHHNM HaNpaBleHKAM Ha 2 CocTa. BAAIOUIAX MOMeHTa. Tipu nonomenuu ocx Y, nepnenguxynapnom x ckary (pur. 12), wsrnGarouh Moment M, or BepTHKalbHOM Harpy3KK pa3varaeTCA Ha 2 COCTABNAIOLKX MOMeHTA: M, Sina uM, Cos a; no Hanpasnennio och X—gelicrayer Anu OnMH MOMeHT—cocTasnALOMMMA oT M,= 37,Sina, a Mo Hanpasnennio och Y—or BeptaKanLHOH HarpysKn Af, Cosa MoMeHT OT JaBNeHHA petpa Af. Tipk BeptnkanbHom nonoxenxn ocu y (dur. 13) pasnaraetca moment MM, oT apnea Betpa Ha 2 cocTaBAAIOUMx: Bf, Sin « 1 3f, Cos a. Tho ocu Y gelicrayet M, Cos a wu MOMeHT or BepraxanbHoH Harpy3KM M,, a no om X—M, Sin a. Thycte 7, — o6umit uarnGciouud MoMeHT 0 HanpaBieHMio Y (pur. 14) 4 2 Gut KarHGaiowui MoMeHT No KanpasueHMio X, Torga HaMpAKeHHe AIA TOUKH, HaHOonee yaanenwo oT o6eHX TiaBHiX oceH MHEpLHH, MpeAcTaBHTCA BbIpaKeHvem: Mi My omae TF (Bra hopmysa npHmenuma ain npAMoyronbHoro ceyenna, T 4 [ ). Tia nepesa (cocks!) gonyckaemoe nanpaxerne k = 100 Krjem™ Duna kenesa k = 1000 kr/cn?, Cevenne mpHxogktca nog6upate npobamn.— 26 -- Jlas oGnerienna nogGopa cevenus m3 T w [ xeneza upeoOpascaueator sbusenpu- BezeHHyto dopmyny B cHeg.: OGosnaue oTHomeHue Koopnuynent ¢ (ia pasnmunpix mpopiel umeeT pasnuunble 3Ha4eHHA; AIA MpemBa- purenbHoro mog6opa npunmawr ¢ ana xenesa: [ —xenesa = 6; ana] —rxenesa= 8,7 (pycck. HOpM. coprameHta). Onpegenhe II; no mpeasaputenbHo npuHAToMy KoopHuMeHTy c, nonGupaior npo- q Hab no copramerty H MpoBepAlor, BREA B PacHeT cooTBETCTBYIOMee BHAYEHHE C= a 3 43 Tammy 7 Hw 8 (cM. HHDKe), Hago y6equTbca, KaKoit cnyyal AeiicrBHA HarpysoK sBnserca manGonee HeBL- TOSHBIM H CIYKHT OCHOBAHHEM JIA NoAGopa ceyenns. na mpamoyroabHoro ceveHMs, uMetomero BEICOTy A HK wMpHHy b, ~__bht * AD Wa nate. Ma gopmyma Wy = Wea 2st Me cneayet, Yo ¢ yMeHbulenHem Bf, yGtisaer H HOMep Npopura. 1) Tipu seprukanbiom nonoxenun crenxm Tu [ Bfp= 3f, Sin « 2) Tipw HopMambHoM K cKaty Bf, = M, Sin «. Een M,< M,, to Bbtrognee BepTuKanbHoe MonowKeHHe. Ecnu Mf, > M,, To wenecoobpasnee 2-0€ NonoxeHHe, HOpManbHoe K cKaTy. Za fepeBAHHLIX NporoHoB NpAMoyronBHoro ceyeHHA (pur. 15) BM, + CM, Wy Wy =, me Cap Haw6omswaa mpoyxocrs Ha uarx6 mp orHotleHuH Ny ho7 bhp Payal =e Magi c= ytd Takum o6pasom, staat Jf. M, 4 &, MokHO onpenemmrs Wy= +E". no ero h ald, Hy, SHAYeHMIO HaltTH ceyeHMe MporoHa (HaNSomee SKOMOMHUHOE). Pacwem "|, — cewenua, Yeasannpiti ppume cnoco6 He MOKET CAKUTS ANA OMpeAenenHA MpopussL_-pKe- jesa, TaK KaK OHO He HMeeT TOveK, KoTOpble OMHOBpemeHHO Obinh On yAanenbi oT OG6eux TIaBHHX Ocelt HHEPUKH ceyeHHA. Crewka,"|_crasurca nepnenaukyaapHo K cKary (pur. 16) HanGonbuee Wanpmkenve, Kak .anre6panuecKan cyMMa HaNpmKeHHH oT HarH6a B mnockocrax Y—Y w X—N, 6yget NW6o ana ToueK A, 1H60 ANA TUNeK J,oo SF Ta6nnya Ne 7—sHaeHHh MoaMYKeHTa c ANA Npohunel KopuTHOrO wenesa pyccKoro HopmanbHoro CoprameHTa. 2@ nPOOHTA [| 2 wfc]! | a |» |» | 2] » ee abs ‘tot i ee ] e | T Wer wom?) ....) 28,5 | 42,65) 61,9 29.2 |e, 2 |159,2 } 202 }257,3 }314,4 sss | ‘162 S87 Wows 7,02] 8,86) 11,67) 15,35) 19,2 | 24,26) 29,4 | 36,0 | 42,6 | 51 | 59,2] 69,7 6,21] 6,56, 6,87| 7,15) 7,38] 7,6] 7,8| 8,0 4,0) 4,8 5.3 | 5,81 TaGanua Ne 8—shavenal moapnunenta c ana MpopKned T neyTasposoro menesa pyccKoro HOpManbHOrO CopTameHTa. uj] |] | «|» Ln a| i | | Wea em?.. (55,7 (91,3 |113,6 |153,4 (201,4 [258,5 | 325 | 403 | aon | 5u2 ros | an 975 | 1132 Wy wy ++} 7,95)10,8 | 14,26] 18,4 | 23, 24) 28,83]35,36]42,75 51,1 |eo,5 170,09 j eanps 109,3 c=.....7,0 | 7,53) 7,97] 8,34) 8,67] + 9,19] 9, 9,6t 9,79 a woos 10. 1 i Daa stax Touex mposepserca mpoHocrs mporona (dur. 16). Nycts G—pepruxantuaa narpyska uw 1 —HarpysKa, HOpMaNbHaA K cKaTY, a°—yMol HaksOHa KPHUIH, @—yron MeKAY rnaBHoH ocbIo HHepuKH Y H Ocbw CreHKH SankH (B cuptamenTe ANA KOKAOTO MPOHHAA AaHbI sHANEHHA (y 9), « f°—yron Memay ocbio ¥ Bep- THKanbwo = a? —a,°, y Paanaraem cunts Gu W wa 2 cocrasnmomne no Hanpaene- gly HMAM [ABHLIX oceH MHepuMM. CooTBeTCTayioMMe CocTaBnAIeMHe 5 aaa cone G (pur. 16): L ¥,=G Cos B=G Cos (e—9); X;=G Sin B= G Sin (@—9); man cones We Y, = W Cos 9; X,= W Sin > Cuna, gelicraywuan no Hanpasnenno Y’, G,=¥%,4+ ¥,=G Cos 8+ W Cos p=G Cos (®—e)+W ° Cos 9° per Cuna, aeficrayiouiaa no Hanpasnenuio X, our, 16, G,= X,+ X= G Sin B+ W Sin a, = G Sin (9) + W Sin 9 Ecam pacuerauit poner } Bm, TO cooTseTerByOMHe HsrHOaloMye momen TE: m= #.100 eB xrcm; My==e ah, Hanpmxenne ana onacuuix ToweK o = 447 is “ » Tow dF Benn xoopamnanis Tow Am EK a TW, SE, IH, -o. (UJ, 4 J, ya B cOpTamente); KOOpAHHATN = Hy, BAIMHCAMOTCA NPM uKpHHE b monkw w BuicoTe y= y+ Sin g=4 Gos 9 +0 Sin gz +b Cos =—48in aa Tr Be wom ‘aramn ‘ H 2% h -% Jy 5 Sin 9. v, a, aime Fos 95% zSin 9 Yeasaniul MpleM yTOMHTeNeH, CBASAH CO MHOTHMK BLIYHCIe- .¥ uuamu. Jia ynpowenua pacuera Meyerhof npusoanT cnenyiout enocu6. Och BepTHKasbHO CTeHKH ceyeHHA paccMaTpHBaeTcA, KaK \ och Y, a och, Mpoxormuad ypes ueHTp THKeCTH NepmeHAMKyAApHO \ KY, Kak och X. Na Onpenenmot M, W M,—momennss, aelcTeyiome B mIOcKoCTAX ocet Y u X, kak 8 Gankax Tu [, m BuuicamoT pasnogetcrayiouHa Moment (pur. 17) Ma VH,* + M,* H yron Y, cocraBAIOMHA MMocKocT! momenta Df, ¢ ocbio Y, To ey Paci ’ rio yrny + onpedenseren yroa+, (ETE o6pasyeMulll miockocTbio MOMeHTa My “0 2a -° = ¢ MoROKETEMbHOA ocbIO X. 7 ObosHauim upes WW, — sennan- Hy MomMeHTa conpoTHenenua J aaa bur. 18 w 19. yrna t, Tora HanOonbiuee HanprKenne ox TESe np k= 1000 kr/em” We 0,001 Mu. B vipxecnenywuel ta6niye Ne 9 nanbl B cm 3HayeHHA IV wna “L_-:KeNega Hemeu- Koro copramenta ana Gc abworo YMcna yrnuB MoKAyY O— 180°. pw nomoum arow TaGnMMe NpoHsBOAHTCA NoAGup cexeHA, KaK 9TO HiDKe yKa- gaHo Ha Upunepe, WapunpHee nporonel. UWapuuprite mporonwl coctost u3 GanoK CO CBeMICHHLIMH KOHUaMM, JeKaUMX Ha CTPONMABHEIX Horax, H HS nogBeleHHX GaMOK B wapHMpax nepaLix “ur. 18 4 19). Onu yenaoTcA OAMHAKOBOrO ceveHHA,— H ANA STO WeNH ANMHY CBEWEHHWX yacTCH oMpegenaloT KS ycnosHa, yTOOK MPH paBHOMepHO pacnpemeNcHHO Harpyske no BCeMy— 29 — Nporovy Han6onbume H3rHOaouHe MOMeHTEI MO cepeaHHe MeNbHOTO Nponeta, Ha onope MB cepequne NomsewenHOH YacrH, GoM paBHit. 1, Hodecwennan saaxa (pur, 18, 19a). Tlyerb paccroaume ocm wap.impa oT OCH tbepma paBHo u, Tora NponeT mogee- weHHow dankn —1—2a, rae 1—paccronune meaay depmamu. Ma + p (I= 2a)? 2. Bara co cucunnunu xonyaue (ar. 18, 198) pl—2a) Q—AaBienH: B wWapHupe, Npo“sBogKmoe nogBelueHHOH Gankon, = 2a) nth 2) pl. =B= Benuwnna peakyxi onop: MomeHT OTHOCHTeNbHO cepcoune GanKH Tlo npyzenenun Af, = + p (— 20)" = M,,, moapemesuol Gann. Moment oTHockrenbHo onopu A wan we? Ma Mw (120) u— HS a (t—a). Urodu Bce MOMCHTM NO aOcomMOTHOM BenHuMHe @ 4 Mle Guia pase mexay codoK, neodxoRiMo M. = i,; Ho Nocnenvero papeHcTBa a =0,1465 | Ha, OKpyraeHHo, taney dg 0,147 1. ® yeaa bea, MG. 2-- 7-4 ® woe smile aMdle ile Aol atl Cn Mn ny My © neg ee ag Oe ug MME a ee ee, ee, a our. 20. Berapnaa 370 auavenHe «8 BiipaKeHe MOMeHTOB Af. uM Af,, Nomyyaem: = ait Moos = Me= Me= "755 T.-€. BEAKYHHA MOMEHTOB paBHa noosune MAX. MOMEHTa GankH NponeTom J, cBob0AHO Rexauel Ha 2-X OnOpax; Takum OGpasoM, YPaBHOBEWEHHLIe OOPeMeTHHE AaloT SHAYH- TembHoe cOepexenHe MaTepHana. 1, Uro6ia np 2-x oaKHaKoBLIx Nponerax (pur. 20a) MomeHTH A, ~ A; = M,, HeoHXOAMMO RAT KOHCOM ANMHY v= 0,172 fF; (x, = 0,172).seas BRASS sss58 S9s9F ao Saas HS 18 | 2» es a4S5> SOAR Shay RHSRS SRRAR RRSRE aaaee WESnt RENEE ROSAS GON Vanes Genen Toeona Sesser creed seeee gRaxa aa see easee see asses sssaas AAA SARKR SAARN SNES RESTS TeNEE SaSS ESSE BESS 8] 0 | 1s | Basen aSese- saoss sessed 52988 Sagar Basse Soccs SéScS 25888 B2ee= WeMeUKOTO WopManniioro coptamcuta HOmepon Nipodunelt —30— CCsSS Coco RERER HERE eseieiered seieietet 2 SeRke SERRE RESsa Moseuts conpornancina Hc cw? ana “T_ o6pasuore Keacia RSTSH RARRS “Boeae RaasS. BESe 28252 RGE8 SaaS teres cna. TaGanya N2 9-—negSopa sereo6paswux sporenor mo (Meyerhof'y). Benwsana yena = TOMOKEHHE MIOCKOCTH Tesne Skagen SHE: Benes Sense Sane aree eene PCCCRSE ELE CC BECEEE PEPE MEE EEE AttSt $REE+ Heee8 SBEERE cieieicied ninietcieses SHH tet tt— 31 Shoce Noma ee NITES SANS SBE SNNRS SANS SSRAT Ae S8eIs Sssses agers exeer Enead 28888 cases eee SSE8 8S TS4Em ENSaQ SARS 88988 Snaks Ise B8SR5 Rasa 12, B8es Kee aah a RENNS SASSR RRRSS aaece | aaeee BB8RS FSBBS Ve: CRASS i : Se Ss pr 5. gos QRes= WHeas Aware Avee= Neeet Sanee NHKaS ote at ESeSe SSS2R KARMA AAAS NAAR NAAN ARAS es fhe ify 33 , SRRES BSSSS SRRER SSERX Eases BRIER BARRY AGERE SRRSR BE PH Ol aweee Weve Vee Ye¥ed Weare ¥fons Sein ween Bonde 6S BE ~~ “S85S2 SRSEs SANSA NRANS HATSY SRAME SBSER RESEE Gases St 8 ° OMA me) ee nieces OATH GHG III HIM snes we z so “E8285 FRESS SESE ESEES KNMTS ERSRN ANANA SANGN RSTTS FR ge SSE SITNa cleleisiet cleteletel cieleiciet eisdeied Acicieiet cieisicicl ciniclaie’ olay Z 5 7 —SESSe SEdeS SESS ERSSR RRNNN ANARN RHRRR RRRSa AQASE a S ¢ agi 3 : Sueke S282 # ae i eau 82 8 Pe isan Sodas sogge Bees a 3 | Stbtt ttt tH Ht tt reid tl Ee, | — _ ws 3 2 a8 [BB BBB geet BBB AB 5 a |g Szeee ELBeE Be0RR EERE SERRe obues Bb & ZE 1 Wert v1 & s [2 = |Momenrat conpornanenun TW: cw? no | obpasnoro wenesa MeMeMKOrO NopManbHoro copTamenra Homepon npogunel, MES SSS ASOT SBSsL LEKSS SeKss R 2 sees SR as Sages 2 = SSESS ARRAS STBBE LLEKS SRRRS SRSLL BORRA SVSSS SRERA BSR |_Seaes Saay RISKS MSShS BeHate HaSMe SIA ANAS AAte Koay s S5588 Se999 SSR BARBS SBSIE SSSFS SRRBS ARRRE e, Gi, rumen “Meelis, Mere Mueeme reeuane, on oeee, 2 S ARR&R RARSH aSHSH SAE GES SRANK RANKS ~~ eas SARS AEmMAN AARSS o | Sida sodas weede SRERE SENaR SeEES SESn8 S882 SSaNH anoan ~ene hanna © | Sée00 Socde Sheer Sunse goers os , | SSSS4% SSSHR SS8a8 BS825 AALKS SRSA RSIS THVon annna asnee wo | SESS SSees SSE Siew Seed desde orrea aaags sadas soar SSR ARSHS Eases SSR2S SRISS SSRs SAGSH NAAN Howse CeToD HTooNM NowKs SSSBS BRSSS BARBS ARRAY BSIERR BSRSEB gif. a Bm Bee Lin ii Pati BE \i-| Gutal alate Exlel obee 38 |i: SuSee peaks Eelel abels 3 ge Trttt vbide frit tires ge") &— 33 ~ NONOKEHKE Mm0- CKOCTH CHA. Momennu: conporeneuia MN": cu? ana Z-opasnoro sxeneza wemeuKoro Hopmansuoro copramenra MoMepoR Npoguinel. Beansnita yeaa 2 gr s{s[e[e{o[2fulw[w| ao | | 5,88) 6,13] 10,9 14,5] 19,2) 24,8] 31,4) 39,2} 48,9) 5,38] 5,68 10,3| 13,8 | 18,2) 23,7] 30,0| 37,5) 46,9) 4,90] 5,241 9,75, 13,1) 17,5) 22,7) 28,8| 36,11 44): 4,55) 4, 9,28) 12,6} 16,7] 21,8) 27,7) 34,7) 42,7) 4,20) 4,82] 8,88) 12,1 | 16,1) 21,1] 26,8) 33,5) 41,2 3,88) 4,24] 8,52] 11,7] 15,6 20,3| 25,9 32,5) 40, Er 3,99} 8,21 11,3 | 18,1] 19,7) 25,2 31,6 33,3 3,901 3,77, 7,94] 10,9 | 14,6) 19,2] 24,5) 30,8) 3719 3/07| 3,60) 7,30| 10,6 | 14,2) 18,7| 23,9| 30,01 37, 2,88) 3,44] 7,49) 10,4} 13,9! 18,3} 23,4 29,4) 36; (1230) 2,72) 3,29) 7,30} 10, = 10 58, 3,16) Tia) 9, — F 2 2,96) 6,87| 9, 180° 2316) 2, 6,66| 9, Bec l nor. moxe | 3,37] 4,23) 8,67) 11 1 B oom cnyyae Df, = I, = I, = 0,0858 pit. 2, Mp 3-x ogwHakonnix oe (ur. 20b) nan genaor M,=M,, ana uero 2 =0,22 (a= 0,22 ); M, = Bf, = 0,0858 pl, Ms=0,0392 pl*, nan genaor A= M, (que. 190), aaa vero y= ais) M,= I= #, M, = 0,0957 pi, 3. Uncno nponeros > 3x: a) wcno mposetos meueTHoe (ur. 20d) =, 0,125; = = 0,1465; = My = M, = My My = M, = 0,0625 pit ae a0, 0957 pl; b) weao nponeror—uetHoe (pur. 200) +5 = 219 = 711 = 0,1465; 24, = 0,125; wa = 90,1465; x = 0,125. =0,0957 pl; M, = My = My = M, = M, = M,= 0,0625 pl = © a Tpagna Ne 3. Tina oGnerventa suutenpaaegenHoro pacueta nporoHos (usacuux oSpememus)— nenoepedcmecnnor naxomdenua UCKOMOTO NpopHiA npoKaTHoro *xetesa T, LM |_—MHOH moctpoen mpagux Ne 3 (cu. B Konte KHHIH). Ha ocw aGclice AaMEl sHaueHHA MomeHToB AY,, a Ha ocM opnHHat—M,. Ha cerke HAYepYeHL! MpAMBie, YKASMBalOMHe cOOTBETCTByIOUIMA Npopunb xKeNesa H Bec | Mor. M. Tip zaumm aHayennam M,.0 M,, Kak Koopanwatam (cm. pacuet), HaxogAY TOUKY, Koropan TIpHMbikaet K cootpeTcrByromel npamot npoduna.