GEAR DRAWING

solidworksegitim.org

Gear Types
A gear is a toothed wheel which is used to transmit power and motion between machine parts. Gears are used in many applications like automobile engines, household appliances, industrial machine tools. When two gears of different sizes are meshed , the larger is called gear while the smaller is pinion. A gear train is combination of two or more gears to change the speed or direction of motion of shaft systems.

Straight Bevel Gears

Spur Gears Helical Gears Herringbone Gear Spiral Bevel Gears

Worm and Gear

Hypoid Gears

Planetary Gears

Rack & Pinion

Gear Tooth Terminology

Root Diameter : Diameter of root circle Pitch Diameter : Diameter of imaginary pitch circle specifying addendum and dedendum Outside Diameter : Diameter of addendum (outside) circle Addendum : Radial distance from pitch to top of tooth Dedendum : Radial distance from pitch to bottom of tooth Circular Pitch : Distance on pitch circle from a point on one tooth to corresponding point on the adjacent tooth Tooth Thickness : Thickness of a tooth along the pitch circle Clearance : Distance between top of a tooth and bottom of mating space Working Depth : Distance a tooth projects into mating space Whole Depth: Total height of the tooth

Involute Gear Profile

The standard gear profile in an involute that keeps the meshing gears in contact as the gear teeth are revolved. The method of constructing an involute is illustrated. Step 1: A base arc having the center of base circle is drawn and divided into equal divisions with radial lines from the center of arc. Tangents are drawn perpendicular to these radial lines at the points where they intersect the base arc. Step 2: The chordal distance from point 1 to point 0 is used as a radius with point 1 as the center. This distance is revolved to find point 1 on the involute. Then, the distance from point 2 to the newly found point 1 is revolved to the line tangent to the arc through point 2 to give point 2 on the involute. This procedure is followed until the complete involute curve is obtained. It is unnecessary to follow this procedure to draw gear teeth since most detail gear drawings employ approximations of gear teeth. Gear teeth are actually not shown on technical drawings; instead conventional methods of specifying them are used with notes and tables.
3

Gear Meshing
Meshing of two spur gears with a center distance is shown below. The line of action (also known as pressure line) is a line drawn tangent to the base circle of pinion and gear. When two gear teeth are in contact, the kinematic principle of gearing is demonstrated: the angular velocity ratio of the meshing gears is constant along the line of action. The pressure angle is the angle between the tangent to the pitch circles and the line of action. Gear catalogs are classified according to the number of teeth and the pressure angle.

Line of Action

Detail Drawing of Gears

Spur gears

Bevel gears Rack and Pinion

Worm and Gear

Equations for Cylindrical Spur Gears

Module (Modl) : Pitch (Adm) : Outside Dia. (Di st ap) : Pitch Dia. (Blm Dairesi ap) : Root Dia. (Di Dibi ap) : Addendum (Di st Ykseklik) : Dedendum (Di Dibi Ykseklik) : Whole Depth (Di Ykseklii) : Clearance (Di Boluu) : Center Distance (Merkezler Aras Uzaklk) : Gear Ratio (Dili Oran) :
m= p

Dp z

D0 z+2 =

p = m =

Dp
z

D0
z+2

D0 = D p + 2m = m( z + 2 ) D p = m z = D0 2m Dr = D0 2h = D p 2b

a=m=

1 h

7 b = 1.166m = m 6 h = b + a = 2.166m = 13 m 6

c = b a = 0.166m
e= D p1 + D p2 2 z +z = m 1 2 2

n1 z 2 = n2 z1

z : No. Of Teeth (Di Says) : Pressure Angle (Kavrama As) = 15 - 20 (according to DIN 867)
6

Gear Bodies
There are various types of gear bodies used in industry. They are preferred according to their purpose of use (such as light gears by removing excessive material, strengthened gear bodies using stiffeners, etc.)
Webbed

Blank Gear

Stiffener

Pulley Gear

Webbed with Cores

Spoked