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March 2009
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Rel-99
WCDMA
Rel-5 (HSDPA)
Rel-6 (HSUPA)
Rel-7
Rel-8
HSPA
DL: 1.8-14.4 Mbps UL: 384 Kbps DL: 1.8-14.4 Mbps UL: 5.7 Mbps DL: 28 Mbps UL: 11 Mbps
Rel-8
LTE
DL: 71- 143 Mbps3 and beyond4 UL: 37- 75 Mbps3 and beyond4
2008
1 R8 2 R9
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013+
will reach 42 Mbps by combining 2x2 MIMO and HOM (64QAM) in 5MHz, or by utilizing HOM (64QAM) and multi carrier in 10 MHz. and beyond may utilize combinations of multi carrier and MIMO to reach 84 Mbps peak rates. Similarly, uplink multi carrier can double the uplink data rates. 3 Peak rates for 10 and 20 MHz FDD using 2x2 MIMO, the standard supports 4x4 MIMO enabling peak rates of 278 Mbps. TDD rates are a function of up/downlink asymmetry 4Peak rates can reach or exceed 278 Mbps by aggregating multiple 20 MHz carriers as proposed for LTE Advanced (LTE Rel-10)
Created 10/13/08
Todays networks typically implement synchronized SCC that is optimized for best effort data services
Interruption time and reliability is unsuitable for real-time services like VoIP and CS over HSPA
Optimized Unsynchronized SCC works reasonably well for real-time services such as VoIP in most environments
Reliability cannot be ensured in dense urban environments where signal variations are steep Unsynchronized SCC has not been commercially deployed
E-SCC is optimized for Real-Time traffic like VoIP and CS over HSPA
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Improved reliability
Fast and reliable layer 1 signaling Does not require layer 3 messages Receive cell change indication on target cell instead of source cell Reduced transition time minimizes risk of dropping calls
Reduced Interruption
Fast layer 1 signaling Faster reconfiguration to target cell Reduced transition time minimizes interruption Additional reduction of interruption time by use of data bi-casting to Node Bs
E-SCC improves VoIP and CS over HSPA handover reliability in demanding propagation environments
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E-SCC Procedure
Target NodeB Source NodeB
UE
RNC
1. UE prepares by receiving target cell information prior to SCC (in Active Set Update message)
Data Traffic
Data Traffic
3. L1 indication from Target cell indicates its readiness to UE 4. Data transfer resumes between UE and Target cell
Data Traffic
Data Traffic
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Performance for Unsynchronized SCC and E-SCC simulated by using actual field traces from two cities
Environment UTRAN Processing Delay SCC
Call Drops Traces from City 1 80 ms 280 ms Traces from City 2 80 ms 280 ms 37% 8 10% 2.5 5 % 7 10%
E-SCC
Call Drops 0% 0% 0% 0%
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Greater than 60% reduction in cell change delay with E-SCC when compared to U-SCC
CDF
U-SCC E-SCC
200 250 300 350 400 450
60% more users experience zero packet drops during cell change
Significant reduction in packet drops ensures un-interrupted high quality real-time services like VoIP and CS over HSPA
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Node B #1
Node B #2
SIP proxy server Iub Test RNC IuPS Test SGSN Gn Test GGSN Private Subnet Gi Asterisk MGW
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Parameter
Maximum Cell Power CPICH Ec/Ior Total % Fixed Power for Overhead Channels (including C-PICH) Event 1D: Filter Coefficient K Event 1D: Hysteresis Event 1D: Time to trigger TTT RBR (Radio Bearer Reconfiguration)/ASU (Active Set Update) Message Size Maximum H-ARQ transmissions for RBR/ASU
Value
43 dBm -10 dB ~25% 3 (458 msec) 3 dB 320 msec ~300 bits 4
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E-SCC UE #1
1:2 splitter
S-SCC UE #2
E-SCC
UE#1
SCC
UE#2
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Position Tracker
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Node B #1
(PSC 51, 59)
Node B #2
(PSC 75, 67)
Images were generated using Google Earth mapping service
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SCC
SCC SCC
SCC
Start
SCC SCC SCC SCC SCC SCC SCC
Node B #1
(PSC 51, 59)
SCC SCC SCC
SCC SCC
SCC
Node B #2
(PSC 75, 67)
SCC
Cell Change
Cumulative statistics
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Audio (Source)
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Conclusions
E-SCC significantly improves performance of serving cell change procedure by reducing cell change delay E-SCC and data bi-casting ensure uninterrupted data transfer by minimizing packet loss during cell change procedure E-SCC increases reliability of cell change and minimizes dropped calls E-SCC enables fast cell changes required to deliver un-interrupted high quality real-time services like VoIP and CS over HSPA
To learn more about HSPA+ and E-SCC please visit:
Qualcomm HSPA+ Corporate R&D Research Page http://www.qualcomm.com/innovation/research/feature_project/hspa_plus.html E-SCC Whitepaper: http://www.qualcomm.com/common/documents/white_papers/ESCC_White_Paper-v4.pdf
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Thank You