L/O/G/O

Hepatitis B
Mary Rose M. Virtucio

Hepatitis
When cells in the body are injured by such things as chemicals or infection, the area that is hurt becomes inflamed. Hepatitis is inflammation of the liver, which in turn causes damage to individual liver cells. It is most often caused by viral infection. However, it can also be caused by alcohol, certain drugs, chemicals or poisons, or other diseases.

Hepatitis A,B,C & E

Infected blood, sex, needles and from infected mother to her born Contaminated Food & Water. Hepatitis C
There is no vaccine.

Hepatitis E
Contaminated water. There is no vaccine.

Hepatitis B
There is a safe HBV vaccine.

Contaminated Water.

Hepatitis A
There is a safe HAV vaccine.

Infected blood & needles.

HEPATITIS B
Hepatitis B is a potentially lifethreatening liver infection caused by the hepatitis B virus. It is a major global health problem and the most serious type of viral hepatitis. It can cause chronic liver disease and puts people at high risk of death from cirrhosis of the liver and liver cancer.

Liver
Liver is the largest organ in our body.
Its body chemical factory.

It stores energy and nutrients.

It filters harmful and toxic substances.

Types of Hepatitis B

1-6months

After 6months

Effects of Chronic
Cirrhosis Liver cancer
destruction of normal liver tissue. Hardened scars are left behind which prevent blood from freely flowing through the liver.

Prevalence

LOW

INTERMIDIATE

HIGH

CHRONIC HEPATITIS B
infected adults carriers young children

90
90
75

infected adults able to fight off the virus so their infection is cured young children will fail to clear the virus from their bodies and go on to develop chronic infection. people with chronic HBV infection are chronic carriers

SYMPTOMS
Appetite loss Fatigue Nausea and vomiting Itching all over the body

Jaundice
Urine (dark in color )

Hepatitis B

But.. About 30% do not have any symptoms.

OUTCOME
ACUTE HEPATITIS B
no / mild symptoms moderate to severe symptoms

RECOVERY
no virus in blood antibodies present lifelong immunity cannot pass virus to others

CONTINUING INFECTION

CHRONIC INFECTION
virus in blood no antibodies lifelong immunity can pass virus to others continuing liver damage liver failure liver transplant

CARRIER
virus in blood no antibodies lifelong immunity can pass virus to others no liver damage

CAUSE
Transmitted from one person to another via blood or fluids contaminated with blood. 1 Sexual Contact Shared needles

2 3

Blood Transfusion

4 Infants Born w/ Infected Mother 5 Solid Organ Recipients

CANT CAUSE
1 2 3 4 5 Hugging Someone Shaking Hands Breast Feeding Sneeze of Cough Casual Contact

DOLE
The DOLE advisory requires vaccination to all occupations with a conceivable risk of Hepatitis B transmission in the workplace such as health care workers and other workers whose occupation involves the potential exchange of bodily fluids. It also encourages all establishments to provide Hepatitis B immunization for all its workers.

DOLE
Labor and Employment Secretary Rosalinda Dimapilis-Baldoz said DOLE Department Advisory No. 5, series of 2010, would guide employers and workers in the formulation of a workplace policy and program on Hepatitis B.

Guidelines & Programs

There shall be no discrimination of any form against workers on the basis of their Hepatitis B status consistent with international agreements non non-discrimination ratified by the Philippines (ILO C111). They shall not be discriminated against, from pre- to postemployment, including hiring, promotion, or assignment.

Guidelines & Programs

They shall not be declared unfit to work without appropriate medical evaluation and counseling. Workers shall not be terminated on the basis of the actual, perceived, or suspected Hepatitis B status.

Guidelines & Programs

Workplace management of sick employees shall not differ from that of any other illness. Persons with Hepatitis-B related illness should be able to work for as long as they are medically fit.

Guidelines & Programs

Job applicants and workers shall not be compelled to disclose their Hepatitis B status and other related medical information. Co-workers shall not be obliged to reveal and personal information about fellow workers. Access to personal data relating to a worker's Hepatitis B status shall be bound by the rules of confidentiality and shall be strictly limited to medical personnel or if legally required.

Guidelines & Programs

Employers shall take measures to reasonably accommodate workers who are Hepatitis B positive or with Hepatitis Brelated illnesses.

Guidelines & Programs

Through agreements made between management and workers' representatives, measures to support workers with Hepatitis B are encouraged through flexible leave arrangements, rescheduling of working time, and arrangement for return to work.

L/O/G/O

Thank You!
MARY ROSE VIRTUCIO
Copyright 2011