Twisted pair cables This is the most popular method of cabling now a day, Because of its flexibility and

its cheaper than any other cabling. And also due to its construction, is the easiest to install. Twisted pair cables consist of multiple individually insulated copper wires, each wrapped in plastic that are twisted together in pairs. The wires are twisted to minimize cross talks. This is called unshielded twisted pair (UTP).

Unshielded Twisted Pair Cable

Shielded Twisted Pair Cable

Some times a grounded braided metal shield is placed around twisted pairs to limit interference problems hence the name shielded twisted pair the shield also provides extra physical strength to the cable. Both UTP and STP have a maximum transmission distance of 100m (328ft). Twisted pair cable specification chart. Category CAT1 CAT2 CAT3 CAT4 CAT5 CAT5e CAT6 CAT6a CAT7 CAT7a *e-extended a-argument Bandwidth 1MHz 10MHz 16MHz 20MHz 100MHz 250MHz 250MHz 500MHz 600MHz 1GHz Data rate 20Kbps 4Mbps 10Mbps 20Mbps 100Mbps 1Gbps 1Gbps 10Gbps 10Gbps 10Gbps No. of twisted pair 2 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4

In most modern LANs design, CAT5e cables are used for horizontal cabling which supports short run gigabyte either which provide 1Gbps data rate and 100MHz bandwidth. And used CAT6 cables for backbone cabling which support 1Gbps data rate and higher bandwidth -250MHz to avoid bottlenecks RJ connectors are used to connect, twisted pair cables to devices and host eight position modular connector is used for LAN configurations-usually known as RJ45 (Telephone configuration used four position modular connector called RJ11)

TIA/EIA 568A and TIA/EIA 568B are the two standards to use for RJ45. It makes absolutely no functional difference by using either one of two standards. There are two cabling methods depending on the way that the devices are connecting each other. 1. Straight through 2. Cross over

Straight through method is used to connect two different devices. Eg:- Host to switch switch to router

Cross over method is used to connect two same devices. Eg. Host to Host Switch to Switch Host to Router

But most of the modern LANs ports support straight through method, regardless the way devices straight or cross are connected.

Terminate with an RJ45 Connector

STEP 1 Using a Crimping Tool, trim the end of the cable youre terminating, to ensure that the ends of the conducting wires are even.

STEP 2 Being careful not to damage the inner conducting wires, strip off approximately 1 inch of the cables jacket, using a modular crimping tool or a UTP cable stripper.

STEP 3 Separate the 4 twisted wire pairs from each other, and then unwind each pair, so that you end up with 8 individual wires. Flatten the wires out as much as possible, since theyll need to be very straight for proper insertion into the connector.

STEP 4 Holding the cable with the wire ends facing away from you. Moving from left to right, arrange the wires in a flat, side-by-side ribbon formation, placing them in the following order: white/orange, solid orange, white/green, solid blue, white/blue, solid green, white/brown, solid brown

STEP 5 Holding the RJ45 connector so that its pins are facing away from you and the plug-clip side is facing down carefully insert the flattened, arranged wires into the connector, pushing through until the wire ends emerge from the pins. For strength of connection, also push as much of the cable jacket as possible into the connector.

STEP 6 Check to make sure that the wire ends coming out of the connectors pin side are in the correct order; if not, remove them from the connector, rearrange into proper formation, and re-insert. Remember, once the connector is crimped onto the cable, its permanent. If you realize that a mistake has been made in wire order after termination, youll have to cut the connector off and start all over again! STEP 7 Insert the prepared connector/cable assembly into the RJ45 slot in your crimping tool. Firmly squeeze the crimpers handles together until you cant go any further. Release the handles and repeat this step to ensure a proper crimp. STEP 8 If your crimper doesnt automatically trim the wire ends upon termination, carefully cut wire ends to make them as flush with the connectors surface as possible. The closer the wire ends are trimmed, the better your final plug-in connection will be. STEP 9 After the first termination is complete, repeat process on the opposite end of your cable