Toulmin model

The use of Toulmin model Applied to a scene from the movie SALADIN THE
CHAMPION (The Crusaders) Saladin: Ahmad Mazhar kingRichard : Hamdy
Gaithe Virgenia: Lila Fawzi King Feleebe: Omar Alharerri by: Al-OmaniQ8
Comm. 480 Assign#3 Summer 98’ Saladin the champion (the crusaders) This
movie talks about the crusades to gain Jerusalem back from the Moslem army
that was lead by the great sultan Saladin. At the beginning of the movie the
Moslems hear about the misfortunate Moslems that are treated badly in
Jerusalem, consequently, Saladin takes over Jerusalem in a battle with the
Christian leader Rhene who was in charge of these actions of killing the
Moslems. Rhene’s widow goes to Europe seeking help from all the Christian
kings, claiming that Moslems kicked the Christians out of Jerusalem and killed
there women and children. The European kings prepare a crusade, lead by
Richard the lion heart, king of England. Most of the kings didn’t think only of
having revenge for their fellow Christians. But they think of keeping the
treasures of the orient from being lost to Saladin. The crusaders won many
battles on their way to Jerusalem, killing many Moslems, by the use of an
invincible towers that resists flamed arrows. Consequently, the Moslem leader
Saladin t! hinks of a way to trick the enemy army, by leading them to a trap. The
Moslem leader succeeds in his mission, winning the battle and killing many of
the Christian’s army. The scene begins as the Richard watches the dead bodies
of his army at night, then he enters the tent where the meeting among the kings,
and then tries to oppose the decision of having a truce with Saladin. The
Christian kings are gathered in a tent where they are discussing their status after
the last battle, which they were defeated. Richard asks the European kings in
their meeting the importance of having a truce with the Muslims. Saying that
Saladin is not an easy enemy to defeat, and that we underestimated his
cleverness in the issues of war. A French Nobel knight says “we still have time
to teach Saladin a lesson”. Richard mumbles saying “too many dead Christian
bodies every where I look”. The king of France, (king Feelebe), says “that a
truce is just wasting time, so we have to continue moving towards Jerusalem”.
The Nobel French knight says “our forces are winning and we should continue
moving towards Jerusalem, Richard says in sorrow, that time belongs to the
tortured people who values life because they face death every day not like the
kings. Who are safe from harm. Christina, Rhene’s widow, replies, “our forces
are winning and our prove is that we occupied lots of Arabic states as we are
moving towards Jerusalem, in the last few months.” Richard speaks in anger and
tells her “what about the victims, we need a truce to give us more time to plan
well, also to re-enforce our forces”. Feelebe king ! of France loudly speaks in a
serious manner, “a new plan would take more time, and we don’t have that”.
Richard argues “shouldn’t we consider the number of the thousands of the
Christian that are being killed.” Then Richard threatens that he will widow his
forces if the kings don’t approve the truce idea. Christina whispers to the king of
France, saying that there is no chance for them in winning the war without
Richard. King of France (Feleebe), says “if we all think as Richard thinks then
we will not retrieve Jerusalem in the right time”. King Richard gets angry. The
rest of the kings support the French king (Feleebe). Finally they have a truce.
Toulmins model is applied to that scene, (Stephen, British philosopher),
Toulmin's model is a popular pattern of message organization, which is based on
an analysis of the way in which people actually make decisions. (Text 228-229)
Toulmin’s pattern is valuable because it represents how do the people thinks.
Consequently it allows analyzing the very complex argument and to be placed
into an effective message. Toulmin’s pattern has six elements. Shown in an
example studied from the text. The elements are: The Sources are (Feleebe the
French king, the French knight, Christina the widow of the ex-ruler of
Jerusalem). The Receivers are Richard and the rest of the Christian kings in the
meeting) Here, the message is two-sided, face to face verbal communication.
Between the sources and Richard, making the rest of the kings to be the
audience. Evidence any data, observations, personal opinions, case histories, or
other information relevant to the issue under construction, in the example from
the text “the federal deficit is up” and in the scene that I picked, the evidence is
that the crusaders are winning many battles in the last few months before the
Muslim sultan tricked them and won and these are facts viewed in earlier scenes
of the movie. In addition, Christina mentioned it, and if they gave Saladin time
he will not leave them a chance to get Jerusalem back, confirming her evidence
the king of France and the French knight. Also, King Richard said, “we
shouldn’t underestimate Saladin’s cleverness in battle issues. Claim: the
statement that the communicator wishes the people to believe. In the example
from the text, the claim is we must reduce it by $75 billion a year. And in the
scene the claim is motivational, we should continue to move towards Jerusalem,
and not to have a truce with Saladin, in order to win this Holy war. As we
observe from the scene, most of the European, Christian kings oppose Richard,
and ask him to join them in their decision of continuing to move towards
Jerusalem, no matter what the consequences are. And we observe that from the
intensive reply by the king of France that crusade shall continue no mater what
Richard things about the truce, and about the Christian solders and victims.
Warrant: is the link between the evidence and claim, which is a statement
showing why people ought to accept the source’s conclusion. In the example
study, which was illustrated in the text, the warrant is defect causes inflation.
And from the scene, Saladin is not an easy enemy to defeat, consequently if the
crusades pauses Saladin will gain strength and thin would be a benefit to the
Muslims. Jerusalem would be in the crusaders hands if they continue to move
towards Jerusalem without any stopping or having a truce. As observed from the
scene, the king of France said that the truce is a waste of time, so the crusades
should not hold for truce. In addition, the French knight said that there is still
plenty of time left, and they can teach Saladin a lesson. The French king also
mentioned at the end of the scene that if the rest of the kings thought as Richard
thinks, there would be no hope to have Jerusalem back. Support of warrant:
historical data, statistical materials, or analogies from other situations can
support warrants. From the example illustrated in the text, the support of warrant
is there is too much money in the circulation. And from the scene, the support of
warrant is that the treasures of the orient might be lost to Saladin, we can
observed that as some of the leaders talk about it in earlier scenes at the
beginning of forming the crusades. Also a support of warrant is that the forces of
the crusaders are wining, as observed from the scene, The widow Christina
mentions it. Reservation to the claim: it sets out any limitations that the source
wishes to place to the claim, conditions under which the claim should or should
not be accepted. In the example illustrated in the text the reservation to the claim
is that unless the Russians increase their defense. >From the scene, the
reservation to the claim is that unless Richard withdraw his army from the
crusades, we shall continue to move to Jerusalem, as observed from the scene,
the widow Christina whispers to Feleebe, the king of France that there is no
chance for them in winning the war without the army of Richard and without
Richard’s leadership. The kings agree to have truce observing that from as they
sign a treaty of peace in later scenes. And here we can observe that the
reservation to the claim has reached its limit. Finally we come to the qualifier,
which is the use of some adjective that softens or modifies the claim. In addition
adding the qualifier makes it easier for the receiver to accept the claim. The
qualifier, from the example in the book is, what the researchers added to the
simple argument:“ we must cut the government spending by approximately $75
billion a year.” >From the scene, we can say, “the qualifier is that the forces of
the crusaders are winning, and the evidences that many of the Arabian states are
occupied by the crusaders in the last few battles”. Observing that from the scene
as the widow Christina tells it to Richard, with a degree of confidence in her
voice tone. finally we see that Toulmin pattern is almost applicable to most
arguments. In addition, in that scene the reservation of the claim has reached its
limit, and the source was not able to convince the receivers to change their
behavior and comply with their arguments.