Term Paper

E- Commerce (INT304)

RAILWAY RESERVATIO N SYSTEM

Submitted to: Prof . Amandeep

Submitted By: Jivtesh Singh Ahuja Class- MCA(D3804) Roll No- D3804B52 Reg. NO.- 10812519

Bholu is the mascot of the Indian Railways, adopted in 2003.

Acknowledgement

This is to certify that I Jivtesh Singh Ahuja student of M.C.A. section 277 Roll No. RD3804B52 has made this term paper. Under this term paper we have to give the Indian Railway Online Reservation System. This term paper could not have been written better without Prof. Amandeep who not only served as my supervisor but also encouraged and challenged me throughout my academic program and patiently guide me through the process, never accepting less than my best efforts. I also want to thank to my classmates for encouraging and supporting my academic efforts.

Table of Contents

S.No.

Content

Page Num ber

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

INTRODUCTION HISTORY OF INDIAN RAILWAYS NINE ZONES OF INDIAN RAILWAYS ORGANIZATION OVERVIEW MISCELLANEOUS FACTS STORY OF CONVERTABILITY FROM LOSS EARNER TO PROFIT EARNER LOCOS AND COACHES MANUFACTURING UNITS Types of Compartments Railway Network Map System Development Life Cycle(SDLC) Detailed Report Data Flow Diagrams (DFD) Source Code

5 7 8 9 10 12 13 14 17 18 26 46 51 59 60

Requirements
BIBLIOGRAPHY AND REFERENCES

Chapter 1
INTRODUCTION

Today,
Energy resource, Telecommunication Transport Are the basic infrastructural requirement which acts as and indicator to the growth of any Economy. Transport includes road transport, air transport, water transport and rail transport. Transport provides useful link between production centre, distribution areas and ultimate consumer. If we talk about inland transport mode than the one biggest transport industry comes in the mind the railways. We can not ignore the contribution of the railway to the growth of the economy with its incredible services like mobility of various commodities and passengers. It is a hazardous to imagine Indian economy without railway. We always fill proudly and happy when we think that our Indian railway Asias first and worlds second largest after the Russia under the single management. We may also fill amazing by knowing that Indian railway is worlds largest employment provider organization. There are cities like Mumbai and Delhi where railway service is treats life line of cities. In Mumbai local trains services are popular and in Delhi metro train services are popular. In Mumbai every day local trains carries 90 lakhs passengers. That means if local trains stop, Mumbai also stop. So, we can understand the important of railway for a country like India.

Indian Railways (Hindi: Bhratya Rail), abbreviated as IR( )is the state-owned railway company of India, which owns and operates most of the country's rail transport. It is overseen by the Ministry of Railways of the Government of India. Indian Railways has one of the largest and busiest rail networks in the world, transporting over 18 million passengers and more than 2 million tonnes of freight daily. It is the world's largest commercial or utility employer, with more than 1.4 million employees. The railways traverse the length and breadth of the country, covering 6,909 stations over a total route length of more than 63,327 kilometres (39,350 mi). As to rolling stock, IR owns over 200,000 (freight) wagons, 50,000 coaches and 8,000 locomotives. Railways were first introduced to India in 1853. By 1947, the year of India's independence, there were forty-two rail systems. In 1951 the systems were nationalised as one unit, becoming one of the largest networks in the world. IR operates both long distance and suburban rail systems on a multi-gauge network of broad, metre and narrow gauges. It also owns locomotive and coach production facilities.

Chapter 2
HISTORY OF INDIAN RAILWAYS

Indian railways are older more than 150 years

In the year 1832 the first railway running on steam engine, was launched in England. Thereafter in may 1843 a young engineer graham Clark got down from a ship harbored at Mumbai (then Bombay). He was sent to India at the insistence of the textile industrialist of Manchester , Lancashire, Liverpool, in England to find out how and in which part of India a railway can be built which would be useful transport cheap cotton from Indian hinterland first to Bombay harbor and then from there to England by ship. Thereafter on 1st of august, 1849 the great Indian peninsular railways company was established in India. On 17th of august 1849, a contract was signed between the great Indian peninsular railway company and east India Company. As a result of contract an experiment was made by laying a railway track between Bombay to thane (56 kms). On 16 th April, 1853 the first train service was started from Victoria terminus (CST) to thane carrying 400 people in 14 carriages, covered 21 mile (34 kms) at 3.35 PM. the time taken by the 75 minute. This is not first in India but also in Asia. On 15 th august 1854 the second train service commenced between Howrah and Hubli.On 1st July, 1856, the third train service in India and first in south India commenced between Vyasarpadi and Walajah road and on the same day the section between Vyasarpadi and Royapuram by Madras Railway Company was also opened.

Chapter 3
NINE ZONES OF INDIAN RAILWAYS
Indian railways have been divided in to nine zones Western railway, Central railway, Eastern railway, Northern railway, North eastern railway, Northeast frontier, Southern railway, South central railway South eastern railway

Covering the largest route length of over 63,000 kms of total Indian boundary. The last station of the four directional boundaries is West-Mumbai, SouthKanyakumari, East - Guwahati, North-Jammu. It is the most convenient way of traveling if you are traveling on a budget. The railway has one of the most efficient communication systems between two stations. Following are the table which is showing the nine zones of Indian railway and their headquarters as well as their length Railway/zones Central railway Western railway Eastern railway Northern railway North eastern railway Northeast frontier railway Southern railway South central railway South eastern railway Headquarter Mumbai (CST) Mumbai (church gate) Calcutta New Delhi Gorakhpur Maligaon (Guwahati) Chennai Secundarabad Calcutta Length (km) 7,067 9,735 4,303 10,995 5,131 3,858 7,009 7,218 7,161

Chapter 4
ORGANIZATION OVERVIEW

The Ministry of Railways under Government of India controls Indian Railways. The Ministry is headed by Union Minister who is generally supported by a Minster of State. The Railway Board consisting of six members and a chairman reports to this top hierarchy. The railway zones are headed by their respective General Mangers who in turn report to the Railway Board. For administrative convenience Indian Railways is primarily divided into 16 zones:
Railway Zone Central Railway Eastern Railway Northern Railway North Eastern Railway North East Frontier Railway Southern Railway South Central Railway Western Railway South East Central Railway East Coast Railway North Central Railway North Western Railway South Western Railway West Central Railway East Central Railway Headquarters Mumbai CST Kolkata New Delhi Gorakhpur Maligaon, Guwahati Chennai Secunderabad Church Gate, Mumbai Bilaspur Bhubaneswar Allahabad Jaipur Hubli Jabalpur Hajipur

Chapter 5
SOME MISCELLANEOUS FACTS ABOUT INDIAN RAILWAYS

The total route length of Indian railway is approximately 63,000 kms. The first electric train was opened in February 1925 on Mumbai suburban
railway on Mumbai Victoria Terminus (VT) Kurla branch line.

As on 31st march, 2004 the electrified route was 17,503 kms. The Indian railway largest in the Asia and second largest in the world after
the USSR.

The total number of railway station in India is more then 7,000. The Indian railway operates approximately 7,525 trains daily covering
7,031 railway stations.

The largest platform in India is at Kharagpur. The length is 2,733 feet. It is

situated in west Bengal.

The longest railway tunnel is Konkan railway tunnel i.e. 65 kms. The longest rail bridge is across Godavari River. The length is 10,052 feet. The largest marshalling yard is at Mughalsarai. The third class in the Indian railway was abolished in 1974. Now there are
seven classes- AC-1st, AC-2T, AC-3T, Sleeper, AC chair car, first class and second class. Railway set up a fund in 1974 to give financial assistance to victims of railway accidents.

As per the latest data Indian railway have more then 1.5 million employees

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 The Indian railways have 7,817 engine, 46,119 coaches and

wagons.

2, 28,170

The steam engines are being phased out and diesel and electric locomotives
are being introduced. As on 31st march 2004 there were 45 steam, 4,769 diesel and 3003 electric locomotives.

Indias first metro railway was opened in kolkata on 24th October, 1984. Rajasthans prestigious tourist train Palace on wheels, renamed the royal
orient express, extended to Gujarat and the responsibility of its operation handed over to the tourism corporation of Gujarat.

About 27 % of the total route km on the Indian railway is electrified. Computerized reservation increased to 92%. Prestigious Konkan railway (760 km) project has been commissioned. A new rail coach to run at a speed of 160 km per hour but 25% lighter than
the conventional bogies has been developed by rail coach factory, Kapurthala.

On November 23, 1999, after a gap of 25 years a direct train link with
Bangladesh was reopened.

On December 24, 2002, metro train service started in New Delhi.

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Chapter 6
STORY OF CONVERTABILITY FROM LOSS EARNER TO PROFIT EARNER
Indian railways are managed under public sector. The primary objective of Indian railway is to provide welfare to the societies. For the long period of time in the past railway was suffering from huge losses.

But from last two years this railway became a profitability undertaking. This sudden change has attracted the attention of whole managers and various economists. That how it may be possible? This magical incident becomes possible due to following reasons: 1. Excellent management under laloo Prasad yadav: Laloo Prasad Yadav became rail minister of India in UPA government in 2004.when laloo Prasad yadav took the this responsibility then every one was in belief that to managed the railway is not capacity of laloo Prasad yadav.but he managed the entire the rail network very efficiently and he has done that work which was not imagine by any one. In 2005-06 railways given the 13,000 Cr profit and in the 2006-07 its profit reaches to 20,000 Cr Rs. Under the excellent administration of laloo yadav. Laloo Prasad yadav runs railway not as a minister but as a business guru. He applied various tricks which contributed towards income of railway without making effect on overall passengers fare. Example: Indian railway increased the cancellation charged of traveling ticket from 20 to 40 without increasing the overall fare amount as a result when a passenger cancels the ticket he loose Rs 40 as a cancellation charge which adds to the profit of the railways but without hurting or irritating to any of passengers. 2. Optimum use of capacity: The past rulers were not using the full capacity of rails. This was the laloo yadav under whos control this drawback minimized to some extent. As he started many cargo trains as double Decker. So that they can carry much commodity or luggage at once in the same overhead expenses. Such proper utilization of capacity increased savings by reducing average costs. 3. Growth in production and transportation of industrialized Goods: In India many industrial units are increasing in the size as well as in the respect of volume of production. Such produce needs market for selling the railway having large network and huge carrying capacity is suitable for the smooth mobility of such commodities like heavy machines, building material such a cement iron rods. So that they prefer to carry their commodity by rail which in turn leads to the earnings of the railways as a payment of freight charges

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Chapter 7
LOCOS AND COACHES MANUFACTURING UNITS

There are six main production units under the railway: Chittaranjan locomotive works (west Bengal), established in 1950 for the manufacture of steam engines, and has since changed over to the production of electric engines. The diesel locomotive works at Varanasi (Uttar Pradesh) went into production of diesel engines in 1964. Diesel component works has been set up at Patiala for the manufacture of components for diesel locos and important sub-assemblies. Integral coach factory, Perambur (Tamil Nadu) Rail coach factory, kapurthala (Punjab). The production of railway coach is supplemented by two public sector undertakings, the Bharat earth movers ltd., Bangalore and jessops & Co. ltd. Kolkata. In order to prevent drain of foreign exchange on import of wheels and axles for the railway, a wheel & axles plant was set up at Yelahanka, Bangalore in 1984

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Chapter 8
Types of Compartments
Sleeper Class (SL) - This class is the main chunk of a typical express train. About 72 passengers are accommodated in each coach. There are about 10 to 15 Sleeper Class coaches attached per train. You need a prior reservation to get into them. Reservations can be made from 60 days prior to the travel date. Seats are made into berths in the night. The seats are grouped into sort of semi-private sections of 6 seats, 3+3 facing each other. Upper berth (UB), Middle berth (MB) and the Lower Berth (LB). The lower berth is the seat for all three during daytime. The upper berth is undisturbed and can be used for sleeping even in the daytime. The lower berth passenger gets the window seat during the daytime. Generally you can see a lot of co-operation among the "6 member berth family" in berth swapping, setting the middle berth etc during the journey. Then on the other side of the walkway there is a row of "Side Berths". They are twin seats facing each other. If you are more than 5.5 feet, these side berths are slightly short for sleeping. But both of these are window seats and you will offer little trouble for the other passengers if you want to get out of your seat. Don't get offended if an old passenger asks to exchange your lower berth with an upper berth. Generally the younger people consent to this as a courtesy to the senior passenger. Try to avoid if possible the first and last 16 seats of the 72 seats in each coach. These are close to the doors and toilets. You may be annoyed by the traffic near the door and toilets, and disturbed at night by the light. Chains are provided to secure your baggage (bring your own padlock). Your luggage can be pushed under the seat. These coaches are provided with 4 toilets (1 western style, carry your own toilet paper). The squat type is more hygienic in a train. Using them in a moving train needs some experience. This is a stainless steel toilet bowl with footrests set into the floor. There are two latches for the toilet. One is a twin latch that can be opened and closed from both inside and outside. The other can be operated only from inside the toilet. Lock this one when you are inside and leave the other one open. This gives the indication from outside that it is occupied. Early mornings are a bit crowded at the toilets. You can use the washbasin located outside the toilet for teeth cleaning, face washing etc. The toilets are more or less similar for all classes. Your name is listed on a chart stuck next to your coach's door outside. A copy is also displayed at the departing station "Reservation Chart" notice board about an hour before departure. These coaches are indexed as S1,S2, S3 etc. Lookout for a square white paper label to the side of the door with the coach number marked on it. The same is printed on your ticket also. Most of the stations have a notice board indicating the position of the coaches from the engine. If this is not displayed ask any staff you see at the station for your coachs location. If you can find out the location of your coach prior to the arrival of

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the train you can avoid madly running up and down along the length of the train with your pack. No bedding will be provided in this class, but without AC it is unlikely to get too cold. The middleclass mass of India travel by this class. Next to your seat might be a newly married Tamil couple (who can speak reasonably good English), an old lady (who is not very happy with you in the beginning), her middle-aged daughter (who speaks only Hindi) and her inquisitive young boy (who wants to know where are you from). For a budget traveller Second Class sleeper is probably the most suitable mode of transport. AC 3-Tier Sleeper (3A)- This is the air-conditioned version of the Second Class Sleeper. Most of the express trains have about 2 to 3 coaches of this type. More comfortable than Second Class Sleeper and also a bit more spacious and as with all the following increasingly more expensive classes less likely to be rammed packed and thus much easier to relax and sleep. The windows are tinted and do not open, so you cannot enjoy the sights outside like in Sleeper Class - but it's easy to walk to the next carriage and hang out the door and return when you have had enough for the noise and heat. This is recommended if you need to travel in a bit more comfort, especially during the summer. Bedroll available inside the coach free of charge. Most of the facilities are comparable with Sleeper Class. AC 2-Tier sleeper (2A) - Many express trains have a couple of coaches of this class. More luxurious than 3A. You can find the well-to-do Indian class in these coaches. This is a good asylum for those who dont want to join the crowd or expect luxury rather than economy. All the facilities available in SL are available here also. Bedroll available inside the coach free of charge. First Class AC (1A) - The highest luxury class on regular routes. Cost comparable with economy class airfare. A number of important long distance trains have these coaches. The elite class and business executives travel by 1A. You can travel in this class for days without even having eye contact with a co-passenger. People tend to mind their own business (the usual stuff of newspaper reading, staring at the laptop screen, acting sleepy etc). AC Chair car (CC) - Generally attached to the day running trains only. Looks more like economy class in a plane, but with a slightly wider seat. Cost is a bit less than 3A. OK for decent day travel. Many day running express trains have this class. First Class (FC)- This is the legacy first class coach. Only a few meter gauge express trains have them. This is first class but non-AC! Cost between 2-Tier AC and 3-Tier AC. Spacious. You need to ask the station manager prior to getting on the train for a bedroll. Cost Rs20 per bedroll. Express Trains - There are a number of special trains called Rajdhani (means capital) and Shatabdi (means centenary) express. These trains have only the luxury class coaches. And they are the fastest of all trains in India and well worth taking. Rajdhani Expresses

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run between Delhi and many important cities. Shatabdi Expresses run between important cities. Shatabdi is a day running (no sleeping berth) train. Break Van - These are the luggage vans attached at the end of each train. If you have any jumbo size articles (bicycle, Motorbike, camping equipment. etc) you can carry it in the break van of the train in which you are travelling. Luggage need not be booked with your reservation. Just come to the boarding station a bit earlier than the departure time and book your luggage in the break van. The Luggage Office is located near the platform. You need to show your ticket as proof that you are travelling in the same train. Go personally to the break van to supervise the loading and unloading of your luggage. This helps you to avoid any "missing" luggage. If you are not having anything put in the luggage van, but your luggage is more than the free allowance, you need to pay the additional charge at this office. Typically the free allowances are 35kg for second class, 40kg for II Sleeper & III AC sleeper, 50kg for II AC sleeper, 70kg for I AC. About 10kg more than this is OK. If you exceed above that, extra luggage charges must be paid. Pantry Car - Most long distance trains have this facility. You can get meals, snacks, coffee, tea (chai), cool drinks etc. Staff come to your seat to take orders. Also you can go to the car and order directly. You need to pay for what you buy, except on Rajdhani and Shatabdi trains where meals are included. This is basically a vegetarian facility with egg. Chicken curry and other meals are available at stations for about 1USD per head. Prices are slightly higher for food than the local restaurants. You can get decent food in an express train TTE - You have to show the ticket to the TTE (Travelling Ticket Examiner) on request. He wears a dark blazer with a name badge over his white shirt and always carries a chart board with a huge clip over it. You can see a beeline of passengers behind him at boarding stations asking him questions about the status of the waiting list. You can ask him any questions from swapping your seat to the next coach where your friend's berth is, arrival & departure times, which train is the best to reach Shimla, how many children he has (it will be appreciated!) etc. If you want to extend your journey in the same train he can do the same and give you the receipt. He can also upgrade your class based on availability and you can pay and get the receipt during the journey itself. If there is a medical emergency within the train inform the TTE. He along with other key staffs are trained to administer first aid. Also he can easily locate any doctors from the passenger list. Indian railways encourage medical practitioners to prefix their name with Dr. when booking the reservations. All the passengers are insured by the railways against accidents within the railways premises as per the rules. Typically a TTE is in charge of about 4 coaches. He travels along with you. For very long distance trains a new TTE takes charge every day. He locks the coaches from inside during the nights. Many night running trains have a few policemen as night guards. For any complaint or request during your travel, approach the TTE.

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Chapter 9

System Development Life Cycle(SDLC)

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The Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC) is a conceptual model used in project management that describes the stages involved in an information system development project from an initial feasibility study through maintenance of the completed application. Various SDLC methodologies have been developed to guide the processes involved including the waterfall model (the original SDLC method), rapid application development (RAD), joint application development (JAD), the fountain model and the spiral model. Mostly, several models are combined into some sort of hybrid methodology. Documentation is crucial regardless of the type of model chosen or devised for any application, and is usually done in parallel with the development process. Some methods work better for specific types of projects, but in the final analysis, the most important factor for the success of a project may be how closely particular plan was followed. SDLC includes ten phases, during which defined work products and documents are created, reviewed, refined, and approved. The final phase occurs when the system is disposed of and the business need is either eliminated or transferred to other systems. The tasks and work products for each phase are described in detail in the SDLC Manual. Not every project will require that the phases be subsequently executed. The SDLC may be tailored within an agency to accommodate the unique aspects of a project as long as the resulting approach remains consistent with the primary objective to deliver a quality system. SDLC phases may overlap and projects can follow an evolutionary development strategy that provides for incremental delivery of products and/or subsystems. The ten SDLC phases are illustrated below.

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1. Initiation Phase:
The Initiation Phase begins when a Sponsor identifies a need or an opportunity. The purpose of the Initiation Phase is to: Identify and define an opportunity to improve business operations for the organization. Identify significant assumptions and constraints on solutions to that need. Recommend the exploration of alternative concepts and methods to satisfy the need including questioning the need for technology, i.e., will a change in the business process offer a solution? Assure executive business and executive technical sponsorship.

The Sponsor designates a Project Manager and the business need is documented in a Concept Proposal. The Concept Proposal includes information about the business process and the relationship to the Agency/Organization Infrastructure and the Strategic Plan. A successful Concept Proposal results in a Project Management Charter that outlines the authority of the Project Manager to begin the project.

Initiation Phase Products

Concept Proposal Project Management Charter

2. System Concept Development Phase:

The System Concept Development Phase begins after a business need or opportunity is validated by the Agency/Organization Project Leadership and the Agency/Organization CIO. The purpose of the System Concept Development Phase is to: Determine the feasibility and appropriateness of the alternatives. Identify system interfaces. Identify basic functional and data requirements to satisfy the business need. Establish system boundaries, identify goals, objectives, critical success factors, and performance measures. Evaluate costs and benefits of alternative approaches to satisfy the basic functional requirements. Assess project risks. Identify and initiate risk mitigation actions. Develop high-level technical architecture, process models, data models, and a concept of operations.

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This phase explores potential technical solutions within the context of the business need. It may include several trade-off decisions such as the decision to use Commercial Offthe-Shelf (COTS) software products as opposed to developing custom software or reusing software components, or the decision to use an incremental delivery versus a complete, one-time deployment. Construction of executable prototypes is encouraged to evaluate technology to support the business process. The System Boundary Document serves as an important reference document to support the ITPR (Informal Test Problem Report) process. The ITPR must be approved by the Secretary of DoIT before the project can move forward.

System Concept Development Phase Products

Informal Test Problem Report System Boundary Document Risk Management Plan

3. Planning Phase:
During this phase, a plan is developed that documents the approach to be used and includes a discussion of methods, tools, tasks, resources, project schedules, and user input. Personnel assignments, costs, project schedule, and target dates are established. A Project Management Plan is created with components related to acquisition planning, configuration management planning, quality assurance planning, concept of operations, system security, verification and validation, and systems engineering management planning.

Planning Phase Documents

Project Management Plan

4. Requirements Analysis Phase:

This phase formally defines the detailed functional user requirements using high-level requirements identified in the Initiation, System Concept, and Planning phases. It also delineates the requirements in terms of data, system performance, security, and maintainability requirements for the system. The requirements are defined in this phase to a level of detail sufficient for systems design to proceed. They need to be measurable, testable, and relate to the business need or opportunity identified in the Initiation Phase. The requirements that will be used to determine acceptance of the system are captured in the Test and Evaluation Master Plan. The purposes of this phase are to:

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Further define and refine the functional and data requirements and document them in the Requirements Document. Complete business process reengineering of the functions to be supported, e.g., verify what information drives the business process, what information is generated, who generates it, where does the information go, and who processes it. Develop detailed data and process models including system inputs and outputs. Develop the test and evaluation requirements that will be used to determine acceptable system performance.

System Concept Development Phase Products

Requirements Document Test and Evaluation Master Plan

5. Design Phase:
During this phase, the system is designed to satisfy the functional requirements identified in the previous phase. Since problems in the design phase can be very expensive to solve in later stages of the software development, a variety of elements are considered in the design to mitigate risk. These include: Identifying potential risks and defining mitigating design features Performing a security risk assessment. Developing a conversion plan to migrate current data to the new system. Determining the operating environment. Defining major subsystems and their inputs and outputs. Allocating processes to resources. Preparing detailed logic specifications for each software module.

Design Phase Products

System Design Document The System Design Security Risk Assessment Document receives a Contingency Plan rigorous review by Agency technical and functional representatives to ensure that it satisfies the business requirements. It progress through a series of Design Reviews involving the Agency CIO and Agency Project Sponsor. Once these individuals approve the design, the final System Design Document is created to serve as the Detailed Design for the system. Concurrent with the development of the system design, the Project Manager begins development of the Implementation Plan, Operations and Maintenance Manual, Training Plan, and User Manual.

6. Development Phase
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Effective completion of the previous stages is a key factor in the success of the Development phase. The Development phase consists of: Translating the detailed requirements and design into system components. Testing individual elements (units) for usability. Preparing for integration and testing of the IT system.

Within this phase, the detailed specifications produced during the design phase are translated into hardware, communications, and executable software. The Project Manager develops contingency and integration plans. Software shall be unit tested, integrated, and retested in a systematic manner. Hardware is assembled and tested. User involvement during development is an important factor in ensuring that the system is being developed according to the requirements. User testing is performed to ensure the system satisfies requirements.

Development Phase Products

Software Development Document System Software Test Files/Data Integration Document Conversion Plan (complete) System Administration Manual (complete) Training Plan (complete) Implementation Plan (complete) User Manual (complete)

7. Integration and Test Phase:

Subsystem integration, system, security, and user acceptance testing is conducted during the integration and test phase. The user, with those responsible for quality assurance, validates that the functional requirements, as defined in the functional requirements document, are satisfied by the developed or modified system. DoIT Security staff assess the system security and issue a security certification and accreditation prior to installation/implementation. Multiple levels of testing are performed, including: Testing at the development facility by the contractor and possibly supported by end user Testing as a deployed system with end users working together with contract personnel Operational testing by the end user alone performing all functions.

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Requirements are traced throughout testing, a final Independent Verification & Validation evaluation is performed and all documentation is reviewed and accepted prior to acceptance of the system.

Integration and Test Phase Documents

Test Analysis Approval Determination Test Problem Reports IT Systems Security Certification & Accreditation

8. Implementation Phase:
This phase is initiated after the system has been tested and accepted by the user. In this phase, the system is installed to support the intended business functions. System performance is compared to performance objectives established during the planning phase. Implementation includes user notification, user training, installation of hardware, installation of software onto production computers, and integration of the system into daily work processes. This phase continues until the system is operating in production in accordance with the defined user requirements.

Implementation Phase Documents

Delivered System Documentation Change Implementation Notice Version Description Document Post-implementation Review Report

9. Operations and Maintenance Phase:

The system operation is ongoing. The system is monitored for continued performance in accordance with user requirements and needed system modifications are incorporated. Operations continue as long as the system responds to the organizations needs. When modifications are identified, the system may reenter the planning phase. The purpose of this phase is to: Operate, maintain, and enhance the system. Certify that the system can process sensitive information. Conduct periodic assessments of the system to ensure the functional requirements continue to be satisfied. Determine when the system needs to be modernized, replaced, or retired.

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Operations and Maintenance Phase Documents

Program Trouble Reports Change Implementation Notice In-Process Review User Satisfaction Review

10. Disposition Phase:

Disposition activities ensure the orderly termination of the system and preserve the vital information about the system so that some or all of the information may be reactivated in the future if necessary. Particular emphasis is given to proper preservation of the data processed by the system, so that the data can be effectively migrated to another system or archived for potential future access in accordance with applicable records management regulations and policies. Each system should have an interface control document defining inputs and outputs and data exchange. Signatures should be required to verify that all dependent users and impacted systems are aware of disposition.

Disposition Phase Documents

Disposition Plan Post-termination Review Report

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Chapter 10
Detailed Report

Rail transport is a commonly used mode of long-distance transportation in India. Almost all rail operations in India are handled by a state-owned company, Indian Railways, under the federal Ministry of Railways. The rail network traverses the length and breadth of the country, covering a total length of 63,140 kilometers (39,233 mi). It is said to be the 4th largest railway network in the world, transporting over 6 billion passengers and over 350 million tones of freight annually. Its operations cover twentyeight states and three union territories and also provide limited service to Nepal, Bangladesh and Pakistan. Both passenger and freight traffic has seen steady growth, and as per the 2009 budget presented by the Railway Minister, the Indian Railways carried almost 7 billion passengers in 2008. Journey by rail has its own charm and glitz in India. And, railway reservation in India is no more a hassle nowadays. You can go by online train reservation services or any outlet for that matter. Despite the coming up of cheap fairs in domestic airlines market, a substantial number of passengers and visitors journey by train. However, a train travel is both safe & comfortable and cheap. Indian people like to travel by train and tourists prefer luxury trains. A journey by train takes you to unearth the otherwise unexplored sites and mysteries of Mother India. As far as the railway reservation in India is concerned, there are myriad options at ones disposal. You can go by online train reservation system or any railway reservation booking outlet scattered everywhere. There many Indian websites now available with Trains Time Table.

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10.1Reservations - You can make a reservation at any of the Indian Railway reservation
counters in India. There are hundreds of them all around the country. Large cities have counters located at multiple places for passenger convenience. If booking from abroad, you can plan your journey, check seat availability and book tickets relatively easily online at http://www.irctc.co.in. Through this website you can directly book most trains and print out an e-ticket. You need to carry to same photo identity (passport photo copy is okay) that you used to book the ticket to validate the e-ticket for travel. A reservation charge is levied on the total cost of tickets booked over the Internet. You have to register for free and log-in to the site before booking. VISA and Master Cards are accepted. A refund is made on the card if you cancel the ticket later, up to 4 hours before departure of the train. Note down the 10-digit PNR and the Transaction ID. You can do a maximum of 4 bookings a month. Each ticket can be for a maximum of 6 passengers. There is an Indrail pass available for foreign tourists which can be bought abroad. If you are not travelling so much then it is not worth getting one. Larger hotels in India have a travel desk attached to them. They collect about Rs30 per seat for standing in the queue and booking it for you. This is an easy way to book tickets if you are not curious to go to the reservation counters personally and stand in queue. There are special quotas for foreign tourists. Enquire about this at the reservation enquiry counter for availability on your route. Counters are generally open 8.00am-8.00pm weekdays and 8.00am-2.00pm on Sundays. When searching for the availability of a particular train online you may encounter a result like WL 40/WL 10. This may look a bit confusing for a new user, but if you know the Indian reservation system this is a useful bit of data. There are two kind of waiting list for Indian trains. Seats are reserved on a first come first served basis. Once all seats have been reserved you go into the 'Reservation against Cancellations' category popularly known as RAC. This is nothing but a waiting list in the conventional sense. You can still get inside a train with an RAC status ticket. You have a confirmed seat but the berth will be allotted based on the availability due to cancellations. After the RAC category is full, the real waiting list (WL) comes into the picture. WL40/WL10 means your actual waitlist position is 40th. Due to cancellation of tickets booked before you, the current status of your waitlist is 10. In other words, 30 bookings have already been cancelled before your enquiry/reservation (40-10=30). Based on experience, regular travellers know how many sets normally get cancelled on a route. Its a bit of a chancey issue, but about 200+ seats get cancelled for a Second class sleeper per train. You can take a chance accordingly. When you are searching for the seat availability if you come across with something like AVAILABLE- 0068, it means 68 seats are available for the day indicated. Check the status of your ticket just before getting on a train. You can do this through the internet, the reservation enquiry counter or by phone (Interactive Voice Response System); you can see the telephone numbers on the reverse of the ticket. You need to use the 10-digit PNR printed on the upper left hand corner of the ticket. You will not have a seat allotted for you if the status is still under the WL. Contact the TTE to find out your chance of getting a berth. However you can travel with this ticket in the General Compartment.

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10.2Cancellations - You can cancel a reserved ticket and get the refund across the
reservation counter. Generally the cancellation charges vary from less than USD to slightly more than 1 USD, depending on the class. If you cancel a reservation at least a day (excluding the day of travel) before the start of journey, only the cancellation fee mentioned is charged. If you cancel within one day but 4 hours before the train departure, 25% of ticket cost plus the above-mentioned cancellation fee is deducted from the refund amount. You can cancel the reservation even after the train has left without you! But the refund amount varies accordingly. Typically you will loose about 50% of the ticket cost. For a waitlist ticket, no the cancellation fee is charged if cancelled in advance. Refund amounts are displayed at all the reservation counters showing various percentages based on class, time of cancellation, distance etc. Tickets reserved at one station can be cancelled at another location. If you have booked over the Internet or using a credit card the refund will be credited only to your card account. Lost tickets will not be refunded. You can get a duplicate for a lost or torn ticket if you know the 10-digit PNR and other details. A charge from 10% to 25% is collected based on the distance for the duplicate ticket. And if you find the original, you can claim a refund of the additional money you paid for it with a 5% charge! Produce both tickets at the reservation counter. For cancellation and reservation of tickets the same form can be used.

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10.3Tatkal Scheme - This is an emergency reservation scheme introduced in selected

(about 100) trains. Such trains are indicated with a T at the end of their train number. The reservation for these seats starts five days (at 8am to be specific) before the day of the journey. These are in fact the same express trains with 2 or 3 such special reservation coaches attached. All the Tatkal (means immediate) tickets come with a premium of Rs50 to 200 extra depending on the class. You need to produce a photo identity card (passport, Driving license, Credit card etc) at the reservation counter. The same will be required inside the train by the TTE. The ID number is noted on the ticket. This is basically to prevent the bogus booking and black-market sale of hot tickets! If you are booking Tatkal tickets for a group of people (max 6 per ticket), any one member's ID is sufficient. These tickets can't be cancelled or refunded. You can use credit cards also for booking tickets at the reservation counters. Lookout for the special Credit Card counters at the reservation office. You need to pay Rs.30 additionally as service charge. But generally the credit card queues are shorter than the pay cash queues. Use your discretion.

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10.4 Challenges in implementing the e-commerce platform for the Indian Railways

The real challenge was the standard already set by Concert for the utility and level of convenience provided to the passengers. None of that could or should be compromised while putting the front end e-commerce system in place. The whole system comprising of the visible front-end and the integration with Concert system had to be scalable for the expected growth in the on-line business and at the same time be easy to manage for a lean site management team. With support from the Concert team of CRIS (Central Railway Information Systems) and co-ordination from the IRCTC (Indian Railways Catering and Tourism Corporation) e-commerce team and use of e-Commerce technology, Content Management and Relationshipment Management functionality provided by the BroadVisions Self Service Portal platform, all this could be achieved. This is demonstrated by the increasing number of registrations and transactions that are taking place on the site. Users receiving periodic e-mail alerts / notifications when they have purchased a waitlisted or RAC (reservation after cancellation) ticket, the site management teams ability to broadcast relevant messages to the sites growing number of registered users (now numbering more than 200,000) and the ability to change the sites content quickly and efficiently are just a few examples of how the technology utilised.

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10.5 Broad Vision for the site

Enabling end user self service when making a reservation was the over-riding principle for the sites front-end design. The final choice at the end of an iterative design process was a simple yet intuitive interface that would guide the users with the right information, as they go along the process of booking a ticket. This also meant minimizing the data input from the users and optimizing on the number of clicks they have to make from the time they plan their journey to actually book a ticket and checking for the ticket as well as the delivery status. The visible public part of the site is only one half of the story.

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10.6
Example of a problem that came up in implementing the project and how the BroadVision team handled this.

Being the first of its kind implementation for IRCTC, their understanding of the various technologies involved and the choices to be made was key to the success of this project. There was a steep learning curve involved for the joint implementation team and they climbed it with the vigour of a start-up.

Unlike most other e-commerce sites where the fulfilment happens off-line, here it happens in real time where the user would get to know the ticket / reservation details that he or she has just booked and also pays for it immediately. Two different external systems, Concert and a Payment Gateway, are involved that need to be contacted in real time before presenting the results. All this was achieved by using industry standard Java and J2EE technologies supported by the Broad Vision Portal platform.

Indian Railways plans to create a voice-enabled reservation service. We are also looking at the possibility of creating more payment functionalities like connecting accounts of multiple banks. In future, customers may have the facilities of mobile booking....

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10.7 i-Ticket and e-Ticket

Indian Railways offers two types of ticket through its online booking system.

First one is . It is like a normal ticket which will be delivered at your doorstep in 2-3 days time. For i-Tickets you have to book the ticket at least two days in advance. i-Tickets are issued for Waiting List, Confirmed and RAC cases. Site--

i-Ticket

http://www.iticket.in/

An can be booked up to the time of chart preparation for your train. To book an e-ticket you have to enter your ID proof details like PAN Card, Voters ID Card, Passport, Ration Card, Central/State Govt. ID Card or Driving License. After booking just take a printout of the Electronic Reservation Slip and carry it during travel with the ID proof.

e-ticket

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10.8 Detail on ticket reservation

Though also, Indian railway ticket reservation is no more a hassle some job. Just lay your hands on any railway reservation booking outlet around you and make your way to the differing journey. With the onset of online railway reservation system things got much simpler for the passengers to book railway tickets online. Indian railways are working incessantly to endow simply the best services to the passengers in India. Anyone with a system can have rail reservation instantly with no hassle. However, there are also systems of making railway reservation enquiry from virtually any place with your computer. This is how the whole system of booking railway tickets got easier in terms of accessibility and affordability. You are no longer required to sweat and fret over online train ticket reservation in India. For any inquiry or for that matter any info you require regarding railway reservations just log onto the official site of Indian railways and you will have it. Sitting at your home in front of a computer can give you all the relevant information on booking tickets in Indian railways. Booking any train on Indian Railways computerized passenger reservation system (PRS) network from any originating station or train passing through system station to any destination is that much easy nowadays. Be it about booking tickets, reservation enquiry, internet tickets (i-tickets), electronic tickets (etickets) or cancellation of tickets, things are just in place for the convenience of passengers. While train tickets could always be booked from the large number of railway reservation counters of the Indian Railways, the attempt to offer the service online and to make it a smoother and convenient process for travellers has definitely been a successful one. Owing to the online railways reservation system, train tickets can be booked without the hassle of standing in queues, jostling with people or frantically searching for the right train as per timings and fare variations in different classes of train tickets. All the relevant information, including the number of trains from one destination to the other, available categories of coach classes, availability of train tickets for a particular class and the fare for each class, is just a few clicks away. What makes it even more convenient is the mode of payment. While earlier the online railways reservation process accepted only credit cards as mode of payment during booking of train tickets online, now other payment options like direct transfer and debit card can also be used to pay for train tickets on the online railways reservation system.

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Keeping in sync with the travelers convenience, train tickets booked through the online railways reservation system are available in the form of e-ticket (email tickets) or i-ticket (paper ticket). While the e-ticket, booked through the online railways reservation facility of the Indian Railways, is instantly delivered to the passenger through e-mail, an i-ticket is sent via regular mail, and takes 2-3 days to be delivered. Besides the convenience of booking train tickets, the online railways reservation system also offers information about other processes of the Indian Railways that are linked with online bookings. All essential information about the online railways reservation system and process is readily available including details of cancellation and concession policies.

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10.9 e-Ticket Reservation Process

In India, we have overcome several problems using modern technology. Whatever problems people faced due to lack of facilities in the last decade are being eased through modernization of equipment and technology. Long queues on the reservation counters have vanished as people can book their tickets for train or air travel at ease from their home

10.9.1 Computerized Reservations: The beginning

A little bit of improvement in overall situation was observed with computerization of ticket counters all over the country. However, there was no relief from long ques but the system got fair amount of transparency.

10.9.2 Through Internet:

Now the difficult period is over courtesy Indian Railway Catering and Tourism Corporation limited, a Govt. of India Enterprise. You can reserve your train tickets from your home provided you have a computer, a printer and internet connection. If you don't have all these facilities, you can do it from a cyber cafe or even there are some agents who can do it for you for a small amount. I have used this service and I am completely satisfied. IRCTC really deserve appreciation for providing such a good service at very small price.

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10.9.3 How to book your e-ticket?

Before e-ticketing, IRCTC experimented with i-Ticketing. In the i-Ticketing, tickets were being booked online by login on the site and site used to send tickets by the courier. This service was limited to few cities in the beginning. e-Ticketing: The most useful service offered by IRCTC, for booking your ticket and taking a printout on plain paper using a printer at your home, is e-ticketing. 1. Get yourself registered online by submitting the Registration Form available in this web site with your personal details. Registration is completely free. You will get a username and password for subsequent login on the website. Click this link to get registered. 2. After login, you will be directed to the page "Plan your Travel" 3. Here you have to provide details of the source and destination station, class of travel, date of journey and type of ticket (i-ticket or e-ticket). After supplying this information you have to click "Find the train". While selecting source and destination station, take care to input only 4 first caharacters of the source and destination stations. Alternately, you can click on the icon and select the stations. 4. After you click the tab "Find the train", all the available trains on that particular date will be listed and you may look for availability of births. 5. Once you get assured that reservation is available you have to provide details about the passengers" and also identity information about one passenger from the list of passengers. As per the recent changes, youwill not asked to give identity details but you have to carry identity proof with you while travelling. 6. You may use your driving license, passport or electoral/official identity card. 7. Next step is to make payment, click the tab 8. Choose the bank you have got ATM or credit card for payment. 9. Now you are taken to payment gateway and you have to provide details of your card. 10. The site is secured by Verisign and hence chances of any fraud are almost Nil. 11. After payment is made successfully , you can print your ticket using a printer. 12. You can reprint your tickets later on clicking "Reprint ticket" if you fail to print while booking

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10.9.4 Amount charged by IRCTC:

IRCTC levies a service charge of Rs.10/- (Second / Sleeper) and Rs.20/- (Higher Class) for the first passenger and an additional Rs.5/- for every subsequent passenger upto a maximum of Rs.25/- (Second / Sleeper) and Rs.40/- (Higher Class).These charges are revised time and again.

10.6.5 Amout charged by the banks:

A) Payment can be made through Direct Debit facility: of Internet Banking option of the following banks and charges are-applied by different banks as indicated against each bank. ICICI Bank - Transaction charges of Rs. 10/- +service tax as applicable per transaction. HDFC Bank - Transaction charges of Rs. 10/- per transaction. IDBI Bank - Transaction charges of Rs. 10/- per transaction. Citibank Debit - Transaction charge is Rs. 10/- per transaction. Bank Of Punjab Direct Debit - Transaction charges Nil. OBC Direct Debit - Transaction charges of Rs. 10/- per transaction, At select branches of OBC. AXIS Bank - Transaction charges of Rs. 10/- + Taxes. State Bank Of India Direct Debit - Transaction charges of Rs. 10/- per transaction. Centurion Bank Direct Debit - No Transaction charges levied. Punjab National Bank Direct Debit - No Transaction charges levied. ABN-AMRO Bank Direct Debit - No Transaction charges levied. Corporation Bank Direct Debit - Transaction charges of Rs. 10/ per transaction. Federal Bank Direct Debit - No Transaction charges levied. Syndicate Bank Direct Debit - No Transaction charges levied. ITZ Cash Direct Debit "Transaction charges of 1.5%".

38

Union Bank of India Direct Debit - No Transaction charges is levied by Union Bank Of India. IndusInd Bank Direct Debit - No Transaction charges is levied by IndusInd Bank. Andhra Bank Debit - Transaction charges of Rs. 10/- per transaction. Icash Card Debit - Transaction charges of 2% on the total transaction value will be levied. Karnataka Bank Direct Debit - No Transaction charges levied. Done Card - Transaction charges of Rs. 5/- per transaction. State Bank Of India Debit Card - Transaction charges of Rs. 10/- per transaction. HDFC VISA DEBIT CARD - Transaction charge 1.8% of the Total Transaction value Bank Of Rajasthan - Transaction charges of Rs. 15/- per transaction. Bank Of India - No Transaction charges is levied by Bank Of India. Sbi Associates - Transaction charges of Rs. 10/- per transaction. Indian bank - Transaction charges of Rs. 10/- per transaction. Canara Bank - Transaction charges of Rs. 10/- per transaction. Bank of Baroda - No Transaction charges levied. B) Payment by credit cards: Gateway No. 1 (Operated by ICICI Bank): Payments through any Master / Visa credit cards (Not International credit cards) issued by any bank / HDFC, ICICI, AXIS, SBI, KVB(Karur Vysya Bank) Visa debit cards(only) Transaction charges of 1.8%on the total transaction value will be levied by the card issuing bank. ICICI Bank 3 monthly instalment Scheme : Pay back in 3 EMIs with ICICI Bank Credit Cards.Rs.343 per Rs.1000. No surcharge upfront.

39

10.9.6 Benefits of e-Ticketing using website:

1. You need not go to a railway station to book your ticket and thus avoid long wait in a que 2. Its cost-effective in terms of time and money 3. You can book births of your choice 4. You can cancel your tickets from your home and money will be transfered back to your account immediately 5.IRCTC provides all help for cancellation of tickets even after departure of train or after chart preparation 6. You can plan your travel from your home 7. You can book even waitlisted tickets from your home 8. If you travels frequently in AC, you can avail advantages of special scheme offered by IRCTC and travel freely based on points earned by you.

10.9.7 Caution:
i) e-tickets can only be cancelled through www.irctc.com only. Hence, make all efforts to cancel your ticket atleat 6 hours prior(before chart preparation) to departure of your train. If you fail to cancel your ticket before chart preparation, send an email at earliest with a request for cancellation of ticket. Such cancellation are taken up by irctc staff manually.If you forget to do it there are all chances that you may lose your money. 2) Always pay attention to train's departure time.

40

Some of the websistes

http://www.indianrail.gov.in/

http://www.irctc.com/displayServlet

41

http://www.trainenquiry.com/indexNS.aspx

42

10.10 Through SMS

Indian Railway offers online railway reservation through www.irctc.co.in (Indian Railway Catering and Tourism Corporation Limited) web site. IRCTC also offers rail reservation through mobiles using Speech recognition, GPRS and CDMA technologies available on various mobile Operators. IRCTC also introduced the simplest way to book your Railway ticket using just two SMS messages (Short Messaging Service). This service is introduced with the following mobile operators across the India. 1. IDEA Cellular - Maharashtra, Goa, Gujarat, Andhra Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Delhi & NCR and Punjab. 2. MTNL /Delhi - Delhi & NCR 3. Reliance Infocomm - All circles 4. Other operators like BSNL, Hutch,MTNL-Mumbai and Tata Indicom will soon integration with Indian Railway 5. for SMS booking.

Reliance Communications is the first telecom operator in the country to offer customers the convenience of mobile booking of railway tickets using Itz cash Cards, which is available in denominations ranging from Rs 100 to Rs.10, 000. This is in addition to the existing facility of using the credit cards.

Report
Reliance Communications introduced railway ticket booking on its mobile phones through its tieup with Indian Railway Catering and Tourism Corporation (IRCTC) for the first time in the country in April 2004. Reliance customers have been enjoying railway ticket booking on Reliance Mobile World (R World) and via SMS service on SMS Shortcode 7245 using credit cards. Customers who have registered either on IRCTC or on Reliance Mobile World will just have to enter the user name and password to login. Once logged in, they have to enter their travel plan details, their ItzCash account number and its corresponding password. On submission of these particulars, the PNR number and ticket details are displayed once the booking is confirmed. Customers will get a screen on Reliance mobiles confirming the booking. The whole transaction of reservation is done in a few minutes. Reliance Mobile customers can access Railway reservation through ITZ Cash Cards and Credit Cards by simply clicking on Reliance Mobile World >More Services >TravelnShop >Railways >Ticketing. Customers are charged Rs.10 for using this service. Reliance customers can also check if the ticket is booked, by clicking on 'Booked Tickets' in the main menu. Customer will receive SMS on the status of transaction as well as PNR alerts.

43

10.10.1 How to Register?

You need to sign up in www.irctc.co.in in order to avail this service. The User has to select mobile booking option in the profile / registration page to avail all types of Mobile Booking facilities including SMS booking. The user needs to input mobile number, mobile operator, and preferred payment option (At present ICICI Bank only). ICICI Bank will be charging Rs 10 for this service for each booking. You will need to be registered to the Mobile Shopping Service provided by ICICI Bank and enter the mShop Name through SMS.

10.10.2 Service Provided Operators

RELIANCE

PNR Alert Service on 7245 Ticket Reservation through R-World( Payment through Credit Cards) SMS Booking on 7245

IDEA

PNR Alert Service on 7245 Voice Based Ticket Reservation on 456( Payment through Credit Cards) SMS Booking on 7245

MTNL Delhi

PNR Alert Service on 7245 SMS Booking on 7245

MTNL Mumbai

PNR Alert Service on 7245

HUTCH

PNR Alert Service on 7245 Voice Based Ticket Reservation on 123( Payment through Credit Cards) GPRS Based Ticket Reservation( Payment through Credit Cards)

44

TATA INDICOM

PNR Alert Service on 7245 Voice Based Ticket Reservation on 12900( Payment through Credit Cards)

AIRTEL

PNR Alert Service on 7245

Already registered users of www.irctc.co.in can use their existing user id and password to log in and transact through Hutch / Idea/ Tata Indicom / Reliance handsets. First time users can avail the registration facility offered by the mobile operator or visit www.irctc.co.in and use the normal registration form.

45

Chapter 11
Data Flow Diagrams (DFD)

11.1 Login

11.2 Make a Reservation

46

11.3 Drop a Reservation

11.4 Display a Current Reservation

47

11.5 Display Train Schedule Reservation

11.6 Display Balance

48

11.7 Pay Reservation

11.8 Add a Train

49

11.9 Drop a Train

11.10 Display Report

50

Chapter 12
Source Code

Source Code:
//ticket reservation system term paper project
#include<iostream.h> #include<stdio.h> #include<stdio.h> #include<conio.h> #include<dos.h> int rep; int i; int ia=12,sa=13,isa=5; float am=0; class reser { public: char nam[20][10], add[30][30]; int rep; int i; float cost[10]; int choice[10]; void menu(); void calculation(); void choicetable(); void output(); void total(); }res; void reser:: menu() { clrscr();

51

cout<<"*********************************Menu List*************************************" ; cout<<"\n\nS.No. Name \t\t No of Seats \t Cost per Seat \t From \t To\n"; cout<<"\n\n1. Punjab Male \t "<<ia<<" \t\t Rs 1000 \t Delhi \t Jaipur\n"; cout<<"\n2. Jan Shatabdi \t "<<sa<<" \t\t Rs 1200 \t Delhi \t Agra\n"; cout<<"\n3. Shatabdi Express \t "<<isa<<" \t\t Rs 900 \t Agra \t Jaipur\n"; cout<<"\n4. Exit"; cout<<"\n\n******************************************************************** ***********" ; } void reser:: calculation() { first: cout<<"\nEnter the S.No. from the Menu List\n"; cin>>res.choice[i]; switch(res.choice[i]) { case 1: if(ia==0) { cout<<"Sorry No Seat avialable"; } else { cout<<"You HAve Choose 1. Punjab Male From-Delhi To-Jaipur"; ia--; res.cost[i]=1000 ; } break; case 2: if(sa==0) { cout<<"Sorry No Seat avialable"; } else { cout<<"\nYou HAve Choose \n2. Jan Shatabdi From-Delhi To-Agra"; sa--; res.cost[i]=1200; } break; case 3: if(isa==0) {

52

cout<<"\nSorry No Seat avialable"; } else { cout<<"You HAve Choose \n3. Shatabdi Express From-Agra To-Jaipur"; isa--; res.cost[i]=900; } break; case 4: return ; default: cout<<"\nWrong Choice\nPlease re-enter Your choice"; getch() ; goto first; } cout<<"\n\nDo u Want to confirm it y/n char con; con=getche(); if( con=='n' || con=='N') { getch(); if(res.choice[i]==1) { ia++; } if(res.choice[i]==2) { sa++; } if(choice[i]==3) { isa++; } } ";

} void reser:: choicetable() { if(res.choice[i]== 1) { cout<<"\nPunjab MAle \t Delhi to \t Jaipur\t \n \t\t\tRs 1000 \n"; } if(res.choice[i]== 2) { cout<<"\nJan Shatabdi \t Delhi to \t Agra\t \n \t\t\tRs 1200 \n"; } if(res.choice[i]== 3) { cout<<"\nShatabdi Express \t Agra to \t Jaipur\t \n \t\t\tRs 900 \n"; } }

53

void reser:: output() { puts(res.nam[i]); cout<<"\n"; puts(res.add[i]); res.choicetable(); } void reser:: total() { am=am+res.cost[i]; } void main() { clrscr(); cout<<"\t\t\tRailway Ticket Reservation System\n\n\n\n\n\n"; cout<<"\n\n\tSubmitted By-\n \nJivtesh Singh Ahuja\n"; cout<<"\n\n\tClass- MCA \nSection- D3804\n"; cout<<"\n\n\tRoll No- D3804B52 \n"; cout<<"\n\n\tReg. No.- 10812519"; delay(5000); clrscr(); gotoxy(22,0); cout<<"\t\t\t\tLoading Completed"; delay(300); int l; int b=219; int v1=10, v2=35; char lod[10][25]={"CUI", "Database", "Opening File", "Retriving Data", "Starting notepad", "Prearing The interface", "Allocating seats", "Connecting", "Connecting With Database", "Completing", }; gotoxy(30,30); cout<<"\n_____________________________________________________________________ __________\n"; cout<<"\t\t\t\tFiles loading";

54

cout<<"\n_____________________________________________________________________ __________\n"; for(int i=0;i<10;i++) { gotoxy(0,0); gotoxy(50,1); printf("%d \%",i*10); gotoxy(0,0); gotoxy(v1,10); printf("%c%c",b,b); printf("%c%c",b,b); printf("%c%c",b,b); v1=v1+6; delay(900); gotoxy(0,0); gotoxy(32,v2); puts(lod[i]); v2++; } /* for(l=0;l<=10;l++) { gotoxy(v,10); printf("%c%c%c",b,b,b); delay(200); v++; gotoxy(0,vy); puts(pnt[i]); delay(200); vy++; cout<<"\n"; }*/ delay(5000); clrscr(); cout<<"\n\n\n\n\n\n\nLoading Completed"; delay(2000); clrscr(); cout<<"\n\n\n\n\nWelcome to The AirLine Transmission System\t\t\n\n Powered By Jivtesh"; delay(2000); clrscr(); start: cout<<"\nEnter the number of seats u want to book"; gotoxy(35,12); printf("0=Exit"); gotoxy(4,5); cout<<"\n"; cin>>rep; cout<<"\n\n\n\nYou have entered the choice\n %d"<<rep;

55

clrscr(); if(rep>0 && rep<=10) { for(i=0 ; i<rep; i++) { cout<<"\nEnter Your Name\t"; fflush(stdin); gets(res.nam[i]); cout<<"\nEnter Your Personal Address\t"; gets(res.add[i]); res.menu(); res.calculation(); if(i<rep-1) { cout<<"\n\nPress any key to input next entery"; } else if(i==rep-1) { cout<<"\n\nPress any key to input last entery"; } getch(); clrscr(); res.total(); } for(i=1 ; i<=rep; i++) { res.output(); } cout<<"\nTotal Amount is %f"<<am; } else if(rep>10||rep<0) { cout<<"You have entered either 0 or negative or greater than 10\n"; goto start; } if(rep==0) { return; } clrscr(); cout<<"Please Wait wile Calculating"; delay(1000); cout<<"."; delay(1000); cout<<"."; delay(1000); cout<<"."; delay(1000); cout<<".";

56

delay(2000); cout<<"."; clrscr(); cout<<"\n\n******************************************************************** ***********" ; cout<<"\t\t\t List of Ticket You Have booked\n"; cout<<"\n\n******************************************************************** ***********\n\n" ; cout<<"\n\n____________________________________________________________________ _____________\n\n" ; for(i=1 ; i<=rep; i++) { res.output(); cout<<"\n______________________________________________________________________ ___________\n\n" ; } cout<<"Press any key to calculate sum of amount to be paid"; getch(); clrscr(); cout<<"\nCalculating Your Total Amount to be Paid"; delay(2000); clrscr(); cout<<"\nTotal Amount is "; cout<<"\n\n\n\n\n\n\t\t\t\tPlease pay \t"<<am; float pay, amm; cout<<"\n\n\n\t\t"; getch(); /* cin>>pay; float out; out=am-pay; while(am!=pay) { if(pay>am) { cout<<"PLease Collect the change "<<(pay-am); } if(pay<am) { cout<<"Please pay "<<out<<" amount"; cin>>out; while((pay-out)!=0) } } */ clrscr(); cout<<"\n\n\n\t\tThanks Please wisit Again";

57

getch(); }

58

59

Chapter 13
Requirements

13.1 Hardware Requirement:

Input The most important input devices require are the keyboard and the mouse. In case of the mobile ticket reservation the requirement are the mobile handset with the operator sim providing that facility. Output.. In case of the output devices the main requirement is of the visual display unit to surf through the pages to select the picket. Along with that printer is required to make a print out the ticket. Storage. In order to make the database of the ticket reserved and the ticket cancellation require the hard disk to save the data on the server. For making the backup either the tape drive or the CD or DVD can also be used.

13.2 Software Requirement:

In case of the software the most important requirement is of the operating system. Along with that the application software to surf the internet is required like the opera, internet explorer, fire fox of safari etc. Along with that to enable the site for the slide presentation software like Adobe flash of the Microsoft silver light is required. If the software is developed on the platform like the c++, java any other corresponding virtual environment software is required like java runtime environment for the java application , Microsoft .net framework if the software is build on the dotnet environment.

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Chapter 14
BIBLIOGRAPHY AND REFERENCES

14.1BOOKS: General Knowledge at a glance by R.Gupta. I.C.A.I Economic book. Economic Times Financial Express Complete Reference to C++ By Herbert Shield

14.2 WEBSITES: http://www.indianrail.gov.in http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_railways http://economictimes.indiatimes.com http://www.trainweb.org/indiarail www.irctc.com www.indianrailways.gov.in www.irfca.org/faq/ www.trainweb.org/indiarail/ http://www.trainenquiry.com/

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