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Placing Climate-Induced Migration within a Development Context

Reflections on last days discussions


Dr. Diana Reckien
Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, Germany
DISCLAIMER: The views expressed in this paper are the views of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the Asian Development Bank (ADB), or its Board of Governors, or the governments they represent. ADB does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this paper and accepts no responsibility for any consequence of their use. The countries listed in this paper do not imply any view on ADB's part as to sovereignty or independent status or necessarily conform to ADB's terminology.

Rationale

Development -> (Economic) Growth


-> (Social) Security & Protection -> (Multi-level) Governance -> (Political) Stability

Environmental and climatic changes threaten development Yesterday: description of changes, problem description Disaster risk management, social protection, urban development preserve livelihoods and communities People can remain where they are Solutions, examples What (seems to) works What does not

What (seems to) works What does not

Securing development and economic growth by facilitating migration 1. Planning/Policy level - Steer migration (M) 2. Community/Individual level - Move/Stay People can remain where they are
-> partly they dont want to!

Migration streams can hardly be planned they can be steered at best

What (seems to) works What does not

Securing development and economic growth


2. Community/Individual level - Move/Stay

Haiti migration flows; Klose (Think GeoHazards)


Storm frequency and regional in-migration correlate extraordinarily!

Economic aspects/aspirations are determining factor <-> development !! People migrate where jobs (constructions) are

lib.utexas.edu

What (seems to) works What does not

Securing development and economic growth 1. Planning/Policy level - Steering migration (M)
Alaskan infrastructure policy; Schweitzer etal. (UAF) M through state-induced infrastructure closure M through state-induced infrastructure opening

M for job opportunities M due to job closure


wwp.greenwichmeantime.com

Stimulate jobs and infrastructure development in safe(r) areas

What (seems to) works What does not

Securing development and economic growth 2. Community/Individual level - Move/Stay


Sundarbans, India, Community power Clear distinction in success between communities that decided and organised migration with the entire community and those where single households moved
sweetmarias.com

(Degrees of) Self-organisation & intact community structure & network important Relocation: do not integrate communities, but relocate whole communities to a separate, single place Accept willingless to move???

What (seems to) works What does not

Securing development and economic growth 2. Community/Individual level - Move/Stay


Keralan Gulf Wives, India, Women empowerment Income generation, Sundarbans, India, Women empowerment Communities where women have more rights, higher self-determinism, property rights and income opportunities show sustainable economic growth, social protection and security as well as multi-level governance
sweetmarias.com

Increase the income of women decreases the burden of men Gender roles in household responsibilities & social rules have to change, too, when family compositions change!

Placing Climate-Induced Migration within a Development Context

THANK YOU.

Dr. Diana Reckien


Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, Germany

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