Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
2 September 2008
July
http://www.fao.org/DOCREP/006/Y5187E/y5187e0f.jpg
Priestly’s Bell Jar
AUTOTROPHY
O2
CO2
Proteins
NO3
Sugars Heat
PO4
Nucleic Acids
HETEROTROPHY
Humanity’s Bell Jar (modified)
350
340
Plant spp.
330 1
CO2 in box
320 2
4
310 6
8
300 12
290 24
280
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
Time (seconds)
Priestly’s Bell Jar
The Paradox of Priestly’s Bell Jar
• Nature is a balance between autotrophy
and heterotrophy
• If it is not balanced, the world collapses
• On small scales, nature seems horribly
prone to instability
• What keeps it in balance?
Carol Linnaeus (1707-1778)
Oeconomia Naturae
The Economy of Nature
Schlesinger 1997
Gravitational Collapse
Temperature x mass
Gravity x mass
2
3GM 3kTM
>
5R μmH
Area
invertebrates
Invertebrates
Humans
Domestic
Wild vertebrates
Animals
Fungi
Soil Water
Subterranean
Subsea
Heterotroph
Phytomass
mass
Data From: Vaclav Smil. 2003. The Earth’s Biosphere. MIT Press
Biogeochemistry