HM90 Intro Day1 Folien

12/18/2008
HyperMesh Introduction: Starting HyperMesh

On PC:
Start > Programs > Altair HyperWorks > Altair HyperMesh Shortcut icons Go to <install directory>\hm\bin\ Right-click hmopengl.exe > create shortcut New shortcut can be renamed, drag and dropped, etc. Windows 2000, XP, Vista etc. can create shortcuts from the Start menu icons
On UNIX:
At the prompt, type <install directory>/scripts/hm Can set up an alias
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Copyright 2008 Altair Engineering, Inc. All rights reserved.
HyperMesh Introduction: Starting Directory

By default, HyperMesh uses the start directory for files
Reads configuration files (hm.mac, hmmenu.set, etc.) Writes history (command.cmf) Open/save HyperMesh model, FE data, and geometry data files
Start directory determined by:

On PC, specified by the programs icon Right click the icon Go to Properties Go to the Shortcut tab A path is specified for Start In: On UNIX: Start directory is the directory where you typed the command to run HyperMesh If configuration files are not found in the start directory, HyperMesh will then look in the users home directory
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Panels: General Layout

Panels often have sub-panels
Accessed by radio buttons on the left side of the panel
Panels generally work from left to right

Example: Project / to plane sub-panel 1) What to do: Pick a sub-panel for the function to be used 2) What to do it to: Select entities that will be affected 3) How to do it: Give parameters that define how the function will be executed 4) Do the action: Execute the function
Panels: General Layout

Some sub-panels are organized in columns
Each column is a different method Work from top to bottom in the relevant column Example: surface edit : trim with surfs/plane sub-panel 2) Method to use: Work in the appropriate column 3) What to do it to: Select entities that will be affected 4) How to do it: Give parameters that define how the function will be executed 5) Do the action: Execute the function
1) What to do: Pick a sub-panel for the function to be used
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Model Organization: HyperMesh Entity Types

Geometry
Points Lines Lines Surfaces Solids Connectors (used for welding) Points Surfaces
Solids Nodes Elements
FE Model
Nodes Temp Nodes (marks a node with a small circle) Elements
Temp Nodes
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FE Loading
Loads (constraints, forces, pressures, etc.) Equations (mathematical link between nodes) Forces
Pressures Constraints
Contacts
Group (defines contact between entities) Contact Surfs (defines a list of entities that can be used as master or slave in a group) Contact Surface
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Multibodies
Ellipsoids (defines a shape for rigid bodies) Mbplanes (defines a shape for rigid bodies) Mbjoints (defines the connection of 2 rigid bodies)
Safety
Sensors (defines a trigger to start an event) Control Volumes (defines airbags)

Coordinate Entities
Systems (coordinate axes) Vectors Vectors Systems
Reference Entities
Sets (a simple list of a particular type of entity) Blocks (a list of entities contained within a box shape)
Beam Section
1D Element Cross Sections

Beam Sections (cross sectional properties for a property collector)
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Plotting
Curves (X-Y data) Plots (a display of curves with axes)
Output Requests
Loadsteps (combinations of load collectors) Output Blocks (request output from an analysis for certain entities) Plot with a Curve
Labels
Titles (label for a displayed item) Tags (assigns a name to an entity)
Tags
Titles

Morphing
Handles controls model shape during morphing Domains divides a model into regions (for domain based morphing) Morph volume A cube shaped volume that morphs all entities that are located inside the shape (for volume based morphing) Morph constraints Control the motion of nodes during morphing Symmetries forces regions to be morphed symmetrically Shapes model state during morphing saved for retrieval at a later point Handles
Morph Volume
Symmetries
Domains
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Optimization Designvars Variables that are changed during optimization (ex: thickness) Optiresponses Values being measured (ex: von Mises stress) Objectives Responses to maximize/minimize (ex: minimize weight) Dobjrefs Objective reference response for minmax/maxmin optimization (ex: minimize maximum von Mises stress) Opticonstraints Limitations (ex: von Mises stress < Yield stress) Optidscreens Filters constraints to reduce computation time Dvprels Relationships between design variables and properties Desvarlinks Relationships between design variables Dequations A calculated value to be measured Optitableentrs Table of constants Opticontrols Parameters to control the optimization algorithms DDVals Sets a discreet range of values to be used in a Designvar
Model Organization: Collectors

The HyperMesh model is organized using collectors There are many types of collectors Most entities in HyperMesh must be placed in a collector Each collector type holds a specific type of entity
Collector Types Component Multibody Assembly Load Collector Material Property System Collector Vector Collector Beam Section Collector Can contain entity types: Elements, Points, Lines, Surfaces, Connectors Ellipsoids, Mbjoints, Mbplanes, Sensors Components, Multibodies, Assemblies Loads, Equations none (materials and properties dont contain other entities but are still treated as collectors) Systems Vectors Beam Sections
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An entity can usually only belong to 1 collector of a given type Ex: an element can only be in 1 component collector Can create many collectors of the same type All entities in a collector are the same color Organization can be however the user desires
Component 3
Component 4
Component 1 Component 2 1 component per part Component 1
Component 3 Component 2
Multiple components per part

Model browser
View collectors and assemblies in a hierarchical tree format Create, delete, and rename collectors Edit collector attributes Right-Click on Collector for Organize collectors into assemblies advanced Drag and drop
options
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New entities are created in the current collector
Creating a new collector automatically sets the current collector to that new collector Model Browser or can be used to change the current collector. Include Browser can be used to change the current include. Organize panel can be used to move entities into a different collector
Bold Current Collector
Bold Current Include
Model Organization: Tools

Panels
Collectors Create new collectors Model Browser Set the current collector for various entity types Organize Move entities into a different collector than the one they are currently contained in Rename Change the name of an existing collector Reorder Collectors appear in a certain order when presented in a list to pick from Reorder allows the order the collectors appear in to be changed Delete Delete entities or collectors
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Display Control: Viewing: Toolbar
Dynamic Rotate (A) Dynamic Spin (R) Pan Center (C) Rotate Left Rotate Right Rotate Up
Manually rotate by grabbing a point and dragging Rotate relative to the mouse cursor and screen center Pan the model Select and click on the screen to re-center model in graphics window
Incremental rotations in respective directions
Rotate Down Rotate Clockwise Rotate Counter Clockwise

Automeshing: What is it?

The automesh panel creates shell mesh on existing surfaces Allows rapid generation of mesh
Most parts from CAD software come in as surfaces Automeshing allows all surfaces of a part to be meshed at the same time Mesh on properly connected geometry assures proper connectivity of mesh
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Automeshing: What is topology?

Topology is how surfaces connect to adjacent surfaces of a part
Surface connectivity is controlled by the associated surface edges If a surface edge is associated with more than 1 surface, those surfaces are considered to be connected (equivalenced) Surface edges are categorized, named, and colored according to the number of associated surfaces: Free edge (red)
Associated with only 1 surface Surfaces with a free edge between them are NOT equivalenced at that edge
T-junction edge (yellow)

Associated with 3 or more surfaces Example: surfaces forming a T-connection Surfaces are equivalenced
Shared edge (green)

Associated with 2 surfaces Surfaces are equivalenced
Suppressed edge (blue)

Surfaces are treated as though combined into 1 surface
Automeshing: How topology affects the mesh

Surface edges control how mesh created on adjacent surfaces interact: Free edges (red)
Free edge between 2 surfaces
Shared edges (green)

Shared edge between 2 surfaces
5 3 5 2 3 5 2
Nodes are placed along edge for meshing
5 3 5 5 2 3 5 2
Mesh is discontinuous; nodes along the free edge are not equivalenced (Nodes only separated for illustration)
Mesh has proper connectivity; nodes along the edge are equivalenced
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Automeshing: How topology affects the mesh

Surface edges control how mesh created on adjacent surfaces interact: Suppressed edges (blue)
Suppressed edge between 2 surfaces
T-junction edges (yellow)

Non-manifold edge between 3 surfaces
Edge is ignored; nodes are not placed along the edge Area is treated just like 1 surface; there is no line of nodes along the edge
5 5

3
5 5 4 3 3 5
4 3 5
Mesh has proper connectivity; nodes along the edge are equivalenced
Automeshing: Process and Strategy

Use geometry cleanup tools to address surface connectivity Automesh the surfaces
Set the approximate element size you want Use type and algorithm to set the overall mesh style Alter individual densities to find better mesh patterns Change some biasing on problem surfaces (this can change mesh pattern as well)
Goal: get the mesh to be approximately 80-90% good quality Use HyperMeshs mesh editing tools to fix the 10-20% elements that have poor quality or bad mesh pattern Dont delete a mesh that is 90% good. Keep it and fix the 10% that is bad
Experience is key: EXPERIMENT!
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Batch Meshing: Introduction

Performs geometry cleanup and automeshing in a batch mode
Can dramatically improve productivity since there is minimal user interaction (especially for large assemblies)
Uses criteria and parameter files to determine how the parts should be meshed Can mesh multiple files in the same run
Batch Meshing: Process & Required Input

1. Create / specify Configurations
Combination of element criteria and geometric parameters Element criteria are element quality requirements Geometric parameters are other requirements (element type, removal of pinholes, removal of fillets, etc.)
Criteria and parameters can be edited with the Criteria and Parameters Files Editor
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2. Register and specify User Procedures (optional)
Custom TCL scripts (macros) created by the user Performs additional operations on models during the batch run Pre Run and Post Run options can specify procedures performed before or after the run Can specify when the procedure should be performed during the run Pre-geometry load as soon as batch mesher is invoked Pre-batch mesh just before loaded geometry is meshed Post-batch mesh after meshing is finished
3. Set up the Batch Mesh job

Specify a directory where geometry files are located Select geometry files from the directory Select a configuration to use for the mesh type for each file Specify any user procedures to be performed on each part Specify a directory where the meshed files will be located Run the batch mesh job

4. Monitor the Run Status of the job
Use the Run Status tab to keep track of all your submitted jobs Use Load Mesh to open a selected file in a new HyperMesh session to view the resulting mesh
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12/18/2008
Analysis Setup: What is it?

Definition of all information for an analysis besides the mesh
Specification of solver to be used Creation materials, properties, etc. Assignment of a solver specific format to HyperMesh entities Creation boundary conditions (constraints, loads, contacts, etc.) Definition of other required information (solution requests, general run parameters, etc.)
Analysis Setup: HyperMesh Capabilities

HM is asolver neutral pre-processor
Works with many different solvers Can convert between supported solvers Capable of assembly from input files of different solvers Can be customized to support other solver codes
Can set up many types of analysis

Structural (Stress, NVH, Durability, Non-Linear Structural) Radioss (Linear), Abaqus, Nastran, Ansys, Marc, nSOFT Manufacturing (Flow / Mold-Filling, Extrusion) Moldflow, CMold, HyperExtrude Safety (Impact / Crash, Occupant Safety) Dyna, Pamcrash, Radioss, Madymo Optimization (Topology, Topography, Shape, Size / Gauge) OptiStruct, Nastran
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Solver Formats: Interacting with Solvers

HyperMesh interacts with many solvers
Each solver has its own unique formats, terminology, etc. Example: compare nodes and elements in Abaqus and OptiStruct / Nastran 3 nodes 2 quad elements Format / structure is obviously different
Radios (Linear)
GRID GRID GRID 1 2 3 0.0 0.0 1.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 *NODE 1, 0.0 2, 0.0 3, 1.0
Abaqus
, 1.0 , 0.0 , 0.0 , 0.0 , 0.0 , 0.0
CQUAD4 CQUAD4
1 2
1 1
1 3
2 4
3 5
4 6
*ELEMENT,TYPE=S4,ELSET=part_1 1, 1, 2, 3, 4 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
Solver Formats: HyperMesh Templates

HyperMesh can interact with different solvers by using templates
The selected template tells HyperMesh what solver the model is for The template also tells HyperMesh how entities are formatted for that solver Each entity may have several available formats for that solver Each format has fields that make up its definition These fields may need to have values entered by the user Example: a component for Radioss (Linear) can be a PSHELL or PSOLID format
PSHELL: holds shell elements, ID = 1, material = 1, thickness 5.0
PSHELL
15.0
0.0
PSOLID: holds solid elements, ID = 2, material = 1
PSOLID
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Solver Formats: Solver Formats for Collectors

Collectors format is specified by loading a card image
HyperMesh Collector Type: Component Example solver keywords available as element types: Radioss (Linear)
PSHELL, PSHEAR, PSOLID, PCOMP PBAR, PBEAM, PGAP, PELAS, etc.
LS-Dyna
*PART
Abaqus
*SHELL SECTION, *SOLID SECTION, *RIGID BODY, etc. *SURFACE INTERACTION, *FRICTION, etc. *MATERIAL, *GASKET BEHAVIOR, etc.
Property
*SECTION_SHELL, *SECTION_SOLID, *SECTION_BEAM, etc. *MATL1, *MATL2, *MATL3, etc.
Material
MAT1, MAT2, MAT4, MAT8, MAT9, MAT10
Solver Formats: Solver Formats for Elements

Elements format is specified by setting an element type
HyperMesh Element Configuration: Bar Example solver keywords available as element types: Radioss (Linear)
CBEAM, CBAR, CBEND CQUAD, CQUADR, CSHEAR
LS-Dyna
*ELEMENT_BEAM
Abaqus
*ELEMENT, TYPE= B31, B31H, B33, B33H, etc. *ELEMENT, TYPE= S4, S4R5, M3D4, M3D4R, R3D4, DS4, etc. *ELEMENT, TYPE= C3D4, C3D4H, DC3D4, C3D4E, DC3D4E
*ELEMENT_SHELL
Quad4
CTETRA
*ELEMENT_SOLID
Tetra4
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Solver Formats: Solver Formats for Loads

Loads format is specified by setting a load type
HyperMesh Load Configuration: Constraint Example solver keywords available as element types: Radioss (Linear)
SPC, SPCD, ASET, ASET1, SUPPORT, QSET1, etc.
LS-Dyna
*BOUNDARY_SPC_NODE, *BOUNDARY_ PRESCRIBED_MOTION_ NODE *LOAD_NODE_POINT *LOAD_SHELL_ELEMENT, *LOAD_SEGMENT
Abaqus
*BOUNDARY, *BOUNDARY, TYPE= ACCELERATION, VELOCITY, etc. *CLOAD *DLOAD, *DFLUX, *FILM, *DECHARGE
Force Pressure
FORCE PLOAD, PLOAD2, PLOAD4, QBDY1
Solver Formats: Tools

Preferences > User Profiles
Loads the appropriate template for that solver Template can also be set manually
Files pull down > Load > template file g on the keyboard (Global Panel)
Sets the files > import > fe sub-panel to the appropriate file type Loads a macro menu with tools specific to working with that solver
Customizes the HyperMesh menu Removes panels that are not used with that solver Removes controls inside a panel that are not used with that solver Renames some panels & controls in panels to match solver terminology
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Collectors pull-down and collectors panels
Create Assign a card image to the collector being created Edit the card image fields if desired Assign a material to the collector being created Update Assign a material to an existing collector Assign and/or edit a card image of an existing collector
Elem types > load types panels

Set a current element / load type for an element / load configuration Any new elements / loads of that configuration created will have that element / load type Change the element / load type of existing elements / loads

Collectors > Card Edit or toolbar >
View / edit the card image of any entity in the model Includes entities that are not collectors (nodes, elements, loads, etc.)
Model Browser
Right click a collector and select edit card View / edit the card image of the selected collector
Preferences > graphics

template labels type Activate the graphic displayed names of entities in solver (template) terminology rather than HyperMesh (solver neutral) terminology Helps keep track of what is in the model
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Solver Browser
Displays solver-based cards in a tree format Uses organization & structure of the represented solver Performs basic actions involving cards Create new cards Delete existing cards Edit attributes of existing cards Solver Browser can be found in the View pull-down menu

Summary panel
Displays a text window with various types of information about the model Helps to review the model and make sure all information has been entered properly Summary Type Components Center of Gravity Elements Error Checks Loads Moment of Inertia Included Information Component Name, ID, Material Name, Thickness, Mass, #Elements Component Name, ID, Mass, X, Y, Z Type of Elements, Element Configurations Load Collector, Load Steps, Components Load Collector, ID, FX, FY, FZ, Magnitude Moment of Inertia
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Solver Formats: Process

1. Create the entities needed for your model
Keep in mind what is needed for the solver and analysis being used Entities need to be properly organized in collectors All entities in a collector share the same attributes
2. Load the proper card image or type where needed

Generally use the Setup/collectors, elem type, or load type panel Elements and loads will always have a type Sometimes collectors may not need a card image
Solver Formats: Process

3. Enter values in the card images as required
Use or Collectors > Card Editor panels to check card images of all collectors Some card images require other entities to be selected as a reference Example: Dyna requires a components card image to point to a property collector for thickness information, etc.
The goal in formatting for analysis is:

All entities have the proper formats (card image / type) Card images of all entities have necessary information entered Understand the details of how HyperMesh interacts with your solver Refer to the External Interfacing portion of online help for details Altair has training classes for interfacing with some solvers Contact Altair support for additional questions
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Boundary Conditions: Supported Entity Types

FE Loading Loads (constraint, force, pressure, moment, temperature, flux, velocity, acceleration) Equations (mathematical link between nodes)
Constraints
Forces
Contacts Pressures Group (defines contact between entities) Contact Surfs (defines a list of entities that can be used as master or slave in a group) Reference Entities Sets (a simple list of a particular type of entity) Blocks (a list of entities contained within a box shape) Contact Surface
Boundary Conditions: Supported Entity Types

Coordinate Entities Systems (coordinate axes) Vectors Plotting Curves (X-Y data) Plots (a display of curves with axes) Output Requests Loadsteps (combinations of load collectors) Output Blocks (request output from an analysis for certain entities) Control cards (job-level, global parameters for the analysis) Plot with a Curve Vectors Systems
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Boundary Conditions: Tools

Analysis page
Analysis page is devoted to setting up analyses
User profile macro menus

User profiles add macro menu pages with tools specific to that solver Abaqus Step Manager, Contact Manager, Component Browser Ansys Contact Wizard, Component Manager, etc. LS-Dyna Name Mapping, Constrained Rigid Body, Content Table, etc. Nastran Subcase Manager, Part Info, 1D Property Table, etc. Radioss Bulk / OptiStruct Subcase Manager, Component Table, etc. Radioss Block D01 Tool, Sections, Component List, Material table, etc. etc.
Boundary Conditions: Loads on Geometry

Loads can be created on geometry as well as FE entities
Set the entity selector to a geometry entity Create the load Create the mesh Use the load on geom panel to map the loads from the geometry to the elements
Create load on geometry

Create the mesh
Map the load to the mesh

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12/18/2008

HyperMesh Introduction: Starting HyperMesh

Altair Proprietary and Confidential Information

Copyright 2008 Altair Engineering, Inc. All rights reserved.

HyperMesh Introduction: Starting Directory

Start directory determined by:

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Copyright 2008 Altair Engineering, Inc. All rights reserved.

Panels: General Layout

Panels generally work from left to right

Altair Proprietary and Confidential Information

Copyright 2008 Altair Engineering, Inc. All rights reserved.

Panels: General Layout

1) What to do: Pick a sub-panel for the function to be used

Altair Proprietary and Confidential Information

Copyright 2008 Altair Engineering, Inc. All rights reserved.

Model Organization: HyperMesh Entity Types

Solids Nodes Elements

Nodes Temp Nodes (marks a node with a small circle) Elements

Model Organization: HyperMesh Entity Types

Altair Proprietary and Confidential Information

Copyright 2008 Altair Engineering, Inc. All rights reserved.

Model Organization: HyperMesh Entity Types

Altair Proprietary and Confidential Information

Copyright 2008 Altair Engineering, Inc. All rights reserved.

Model Organization: HyperMesh Entity Types

1D Element Cross Sections

Altair Proprietary and Confidential Information

Copyright 2008 Altair Engineering, Inc. All rights reserved.

Model Organization: HyperMesh Entity Types

Altair Proprietary and Confidential Information

Copyright 2008 Altair Engineering, Inc. All rights reserved.

Model Organization: HyperMesh Entity Types

Copyright 2008 Altair Engineering, Inc. All rights reserved.

Model Organization: HyperMesh Entity Types

Altair Proprietary and Confidential Information

Copyright 2008 Altair Engineering, Inc. All rights reserved.

Model Organization: Collectors

Altair Proprietary and Confidential Information

Copyright 2008 Altair Engineering, Inc. All rights reserved.

Model Organization: Collectors

Component 1 Component 2 1 component per part Component 1

Multiple components per part

Altair Proprietary and Confidential Information

Copyright 2008 Altair Engineering, Inc. All rights reserved.

Model Organization: Collectors

Altair Proprietary and Confidential Information

Copyright 2008 Altair Engineering, Inc. All rights reserved.

Model Organization: Collectors

Bold Current Collector

Bold Current Include

Altair Proprietary and Confidential Information

Copyright 2008 Altair Engineering, Inc. All rights reserved.

Model Organization: Tools

Altair Proprietary and Confidential Information

Copyright 2008 Altair Engineering, Inc. All rights reserved.

Display Control: Viewing: Toolbar

Incremental rotations in respective directions

Rotate Down Rotate Clockwise Rotate Counter Clockwise

Automeshing: What is it?

Altair Proprietary and Confidential Information

Copyright 2008 Altair Engineering, Inc. All rights reserved.

Automeshing: What is topology?

SECTION_SHELL, SECTION_SOLID, SECTION_BEAM, etc. MATL1, MATL2, MATL3, etc.