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Fact corner:
- 400+ Kloc
- 17.5 person years/1year
1.12.2005 (C) VTT Electronics, Pekka Abrahamsson 3
VTT TECHNICAL RESEARCH CENTRE OF FINLAND
HISTORICAL
PERSPECTIVE
Always
7%
Often
13 %
Never
45 %
Sometimes
16 %
Rarely
19 %
Size
(# of personnel)
AGILE VALUES…
Fact corner:
Agile manifesto is first
of its kind in software
1.12.2005 (C) VTT Electronics, Pekka Abrahamsson Source: www.agilemanifesto.org
10
engineering field
VTT TECHNICAL RESEARCH CENTRE OF FINLAND
1. Satisfy customer
1. Our highest priority is to satisfy the
customer through early and through early and
continuous delivery of valuable frequent delivery.
software
2. Welcome changing
2. Welcome changing requirements, requirements even
even late in development. Agile
processes harness change for the late in the project.
customer’ s competitive advantage.
3. Keep delivery cycles
3. Deliver working software short (e.g., every
frequently, from a couple of weeks couple of weeks).
to a couple of months, with a
preference to a shorter timescale.
4. Business people
4. Business people and developers and developers
must work together daily work together daily
throughout the project throughout the project.
Fact corner:
See principals as
“thinking-tools” 1.12.2005 (C) VTT Electronics, Pekka Abrahamsson 11
VTT TECHNICAL RESEARCH CENTRE OF FINLAND
7. Working software
7. Working software is the primary measure
is the primary
for progress. measure of progress.
Iteration planning
Estimation skills
Communication
Responsibility
Fact corner:
Agile methods improve
communication! 1.12.2005 (C) VTT Electronics, Pekka Abrahamsson 14
VTT TECHNICAL RESEARCH CENTRE OF FINLAND
FORMATION OF A BASELINE:
REQUIREMENTS FOR A GOOD
SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT PROCESS
•The development process should
•provide systematic support for high quality
software development (Production frame)
•be designed for small (and medium) sized
development teams (Most teams are small)
•produce visible results early (Early validation)
•be easy to learn, transparent, straightforward and
adjustable (= makes sense)
•provide a fit to company’s strategic planning (=
aligned with the business)
•meet the needs of standard quality requirements
(= be convincing to us & customers)
1.12.2005 (C) VTT Electronics, Pekka Abrahamsson 20
VTT TECHNICAL RESEARCH CENTRE OF FINLAND
Learns
needs
Benefits
Shares end-user
needs & business
requirements
Coach / Mentor Results:
Software development activities, Working software,
tools, people rapid delivery,
delivers
high business value
supports
Removes
obstacles
Management
Learning
State-of-the art
Training
methods Process
- Daily feedback from
definitions the developers
- Communication
- Collaboration
Fact corner:
Software development
Is not solo business
1.12.2005 (C) VTT Electronics, Pekka Abrahamsson 23
VTT TECHNICAL RESEARCH CENTRE OF FINLAND
4 CYCLES
OF CONTROL
Rautiainen &
Vähäniitty (2004)
4 CYCLES
OF CONTROL
Rautiainen &
Vähäniitty (2004)
4 CYCLES
OF CONTROL
Rautiainen &
Vähäniitty (2004)
4 CYCLES
OF CONTROL
PLANNING RELEASE
DAY DAY
WORKING
DAY
ITERATION PRODUCT
STATUS
ITERATION
BACKLOG
INFORMATION RADIATOR STATUS
IN THEORY
PRODUCT FINISHED
BACKLOG DEFINED STARTED DONE VERIFIED PRODUCT
FEATURE1
FEATURE3 TASK
TASK3.N TASK3.N
TASK TASK 3.N TASK 3.N
TASK
FEATURE2
FEATURE4 TASK
TASK
TASK4.N
TASK
FEATURE
FEATURE
FEATURE
FEATURE
FEATURE
FEATURE
FUTURE
BACKLOG 1.12.2005 (C) VTT Electronics, Pekka Abrahamsson 30
VTT TECHNICAL RESEARCH CENTRE OF FINLAND
Mobile service:
Active investor Mobile added value:
Stockbroker
Fact corner:
9 projects completed
1 projects underway
1.12.2005 (C) VTT Electronics, Pekka Abrahamsson 33
VTT TECHNICAL RESEARCH CENTRE OF FINLAND
3 CASE PROJECTS
60 %
3,0 %
Percemtage of total effort
50 % 2,0 %
8,1 %
40 % 48,4 % 44,4 %
10,7 % 5,5 %
Defect fix
30 % 9,8 % Enhancement
35,3 % 8,6 %
New feature
20 % 25,1 %
21,1 %
10 %
0%
1 2 3 4 5 RELEASE
Fact corner:
Explicit quantified
process control, i.e.
1.12.2005 (C) VTT Electronics, Pekka Abrahamsson 34
CMMI 5 level issues
VTT TECHNICAL RESEARCH CENTRE OF FINLAND
40
35
30
# of negative
issues Project 1
25
Project 2
Project 3
Project 4
20 Project 5
15
10
0
Fact corner: 1 2 3 4 # two-week
5 projects, work cycles
50 person months
1.12.2005 (C) VTT Electronics, Pekka Abrahamsson 35
VTT TECHNICAL RESEARCH CENTRE OF FINLAND
40
35
30
# of positive
issues Project 1
25
Project 2
Project 3
Project 4
20 Project 5
15
10
0 # two-week
Fact corner: 1 2 3 4
work cycles
People seldomly share
what is going well!
1.12.2005 (C) VTT Electronics, Pekka Abrahamsson 36
VTT TECHNICAL RESEARCH CENTRE OF FINLAND
0,0
- The same "rethought" process used
R1
- With theR2new technology:
R3 R4 R5
-10,0
65% savings in effort
20,0
b)
50% reduction in the
Traditional lead-time
mobile platform NAKED OBJECTS
79% reduction
n=35 = effort in lines-of-code
1070 hours, 8 weeks
10,0
Lost hours
FUTURE
•Agile hype is getting to be over (good
news)
•XBreed, Freedom and other
interesting agile methods will still
keep emerging
•Yet, how to become more agile is the
question now
•Before it was more concentrated on
extreme programming
•Empirical evidence is quickly building
up
•Agile becomes part of standardization
work as well: Working group for IEEE
1648 (recommended practices)
1.12.2005 (C) VTT Electronics, Pekka Abrahamsson 39
VTT TECHNICAL RESEARCH CENTRE OF FINLAND
THANK YOU!
Contact me at:
Pekka.Abrahamsson@vtt.fi
http://agile.vtt.fi