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CHAPTER III METHODOLOGY This chapter discusses the research design, locale of the study, subjects of the study,

sampling design, data gathering instrument and processes, and data analysis technique.

RESEARCH DESIGN This study used survey method, a technique in which the researchers gather data by asking questions to the respondents. This method is used since the researchers produce information on socio-economic condition and perception of children.

LOCALE OF THE STUDY Iligan City is situated in Northern Mindanao that has a land area of 81, 337 hectares. As of August 2007, it has a population of 308, 046. The city consists of 44 barangays and one is Barangay Dalipuga which has a land area of 971 hectares and has a population of 14, 872. The barangay composes of 8 sitios including Lower Paitan where the area of the study is. Lower Paitan is approximately 15 kilometers away from the city and consists of 6 puroks that includes Purok 5 where the researchers area of focus is. Purok 5 has been chosen by the researchers since one of the researchers observes that malnutrition is prevalent among the children.

SUBJECTS OF THE STUDY The study involves 27 children respondents in Purok 5 Lower Paitan, Barangay Dalipuga, ILigan City. The children respondents range from 10 15 years old. The children is divided into

two groups that categorizes, Group A ages from 10 12 and Group B ages from 13 15 years old. The researchers choose this age range because children on this age are the most affected group according to the UNICEFs study on childrens poverty and in this age, they are able to answer the questions, and for the purpose that the researchers could compare the groups perception towards their living and economic condition.

SAMPLING DESIGN This study used snowball sampling method in locating the respondents in which the researchers relied on referred respondents of the initial subjects and other residents of the community. In this method, the researchers are guided by the suggestions of the respondents on other children since the community is not so familiar with the respondents even though one of the researchers is a resident of the same barangay.

DATA GATHERING INSTRUMENT AND PROCESSES Before conducting survey, letter of permission should be given first by the researchers to Mrs. Nora Ungab, Purok 5 President of Lower Paitan that includes the title of the study, explaining the purpose and the method used in gathering the data. Data gathering schedule is to be constructed and to be utilized so that the researchers have a schedule to follow when to do things. In data gathering, researchers should conduct first a focus group discussion to inform the children respondents of the purpose of the study and what to do during asking of questions that is

to be conducted by the researchers. After conducting focus group discussion, each respondent is to interview individually. Since the researchers method used is survey method, a formal list of questionnaire is prepared which consists of questions that are simple to administer. To validate the data collected, researchers would ask the childrens parents regarding the answers of the respondents.

DATA ANALYSIS TECHNIQUE The data gathered are categorized and arranged in a tabular form which will be analyzed through themes according to the conceptual definitions of the variables consistent with the research problem. The researchers chose three respondents for the case stories in which, the respondents chosen are the children who are experiencing great poverty.

EXPERIENCES FROM THE FIELD The gathering of data was initiated on the first week of classes on the 1st semester of the school year 2011-20012, specifically on the 13th of June 2011. During this time, the researchers encountered difficulties because it was the beginning of classes for the respondents which made the researchers conduct the interview after their classes. The respondents also had difficulties on locating the prospective respondents because some of the children come home late. The first batch of the interviews was conducted on the homes of the residents in which the researchers

patiently waited for the respondents to arrive and finish their household chores and other personal matters. Other respondents were referred by the initial subjects but unfortunately, the referred respondents were not yet home and some declined to be interviewed because they were busy of their household and school obligations. Due to the busy schedule of the respondents and also of the researchers on their classes, the 16th of June was a free time for the researchers and returned back to the locale and resumed the interview. Fortunately, it was a progressive day for the researchers because many of the respondents came home early and were not busy with their obligations. The respondents were playing outside their homes but the researchers have to properly ask permission to the respondents to conduct the interview, some respondents took some time to agree on being interviewed. Some of the initial respondents also helped the researchers in convincing the respondents to be interviewed because some respondents were shy and afraid to be interviewed. The succeeding interviews were conducted on the weekends and holidays of the month. On these days, the researchers stayed on the locale for the whole day in order to be more progressive and efficient. Also at this time, the researchers experienced the same difficulties on interviewing the respondents because they were busy playing but thanks to some residents, parents, and the purok president which helped on convincing the respondents to be interviewed. The researchers also had difficulties on the validation on the responses of the respondents on some of the questions because the researchers needed to individually go to the houses of the respondents and ask their parents for validations. Some respondents were busy playing that the researchers needed to do extra efforts on convincing them to agree on coming home with the researchers in order to meet the parents for the validation.

On the validation, the researchers needed to return to the locale because some of the parents were not available on the day of the interview. It took a long time for the researchers to locate their homes and needed the assistance of some respondents and residents. The study was again explained to the parents in order for them to answer honestly in order to gather the sufficient and accurate data. The quest for the respondents and validations of the data lasted around the month of June. The gathering of data took a long time in order to have the sufficient data which will be helpful for the study. The experiences on gathering of the data may be difficult but the researchers had felt great appreciation and admiration for the respondents which are children who are experiencing poverty but still carry on their lives happily. It was a great experience for the researchers that made them closer and strengthened their bond which is vital for the accomplishment of this paper.

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