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Origin
temporal fossa zygomatic arch alveoloar processes of maxilla and mandible external occipital protuberance/spinous process of C7 & T1-12 skin to subcutaneous fascia of eyebrow around orbit fibers surround mouth manibrium & clavicle zygomatic bone
Insertion
coronoid process of mandible lateral surface of mandible orbicularis oris muscle clavicle, acromion, spine of scapula
Action
elevate/retract mandible elevate mandible presses lips/cheeks against teeth scapular elevation, retraction & depression move scalp forward or backward closes eyelids closes lips flexes & rotates head elevates angle of mouth upward/laterally
Origin
Insertion
bicipital groove of humerous
Action
flexes, medially rotates, & adducts arm @ shoulder flexing lumbar spine flexes vertebral column & compresses abdominal wall flexes vertebral column & compresses abdominal wall
rectus abdominus
linea alba by a broad aponerosis linea alba, pubic crest, & last 4 ribs
trapezius deltoid
external occipital protuberance/spinous process of C7 clavicle, acromion, spine of scapula & T1-12 acrominon & spine of scapula T7-L5, lower 3 ribs, illiac crest, and thoracolumnar fascia tranverse process of axis & atlas spinous process of T2-T5 spinous process of 7-T1 deltoid turberosity of humerus
scapular elevation, retraction & depression flexes, extends, laterally and medially rotates arm adducts & medially rotates humerus, extends shoulder joint, backward swing of arm, deep inspiration raises medial angle of scapula(makes a shrug possible) holds scapula onto ribcage & retracts it retracts the scapula & depresses the glenoid fossa
latissiumus dorsi
Origin
superior borders of ribs
Insertion
tranverse processes of vertebrae
Action
extends neck & vertebral column extends neck & vertebral column, rotates head extends neck & vertebral column
mastoid process, & transverse tranverse processes of inferior process of cervical and thoracic cervical & superior thoracic vertebrae vertebrae spinous process of C2 & thoracic C7 spinous process vertebrae
Appendicular Musculature
Rotator Cuff Muscles
Muscle
supraspinatus
Origin
suprasinous fossa
Insertion
greater tubercle of humerus
Action
deltoid abduction, resists downward movement of humeral head when arm is relaxed
infraspinatus
infraspinous fossa
prevents humeral head from sliding upwards, rotates humerus laterally prevents humeral head from sliding upwards, rotates humerus medially rotates humerus laterally & stabilizes humerus
Origin
anterior surface of distal half of humerus superior margin of glenoid fossa & coracoid process lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus lateral epicondylar ridge
Insertion
coronoid process of ulna
Action
prime mover of elbow flexion forceful supination of forearm, elbow flexion, slight shoulder flexion, stabilization of shoulder joint elbow flexion extends elbow primary elbow extensors, adducts humerus
biceps brachii
tuberosity of radius lateral surface of radius near syloid process olecranon process of ulna olecranon & fascia of forearm
Origin
medial epicondyle of humerus medial epicondyle of humerus medial epicondyle of humerus
Insertion
medicarpals II & III pisiform, hamate, metacarpal IV flexor retinaculum
Action
flexes wrist flexes wrist, aids in ulnar flexion anchors skin in palmar region, resists shearing forces when stress is applied to skin
flexes wrist, metacarphophalageal & interphalangeal joints of II-V,sole flexor of distal interphalangeal joints flexes phalanges of thumb extends wrist & joints of pinky finger extends & flexes wrist when fist is clenched extends distal phalanx I, extends proximal phalanx I & metacarpal I, adducts and proximally rotates thumb extends wrist & index finger extends wrist & metacarpophalangeal & interphalangeal joints II-V extends wrist, radial flexion of wrist abducts thumb in palmar plane, extends thumb @ carpometacarpal joint extends metacarpal I & proximal phalanx of thumb
distal phalanx I middle & distal phalanges of index finger dorsal surfaces of phalanges II-V base of metacarpal II trapezium, base of metacarpal I proximal phalanx I
extensor indicis extensor digitorum extensor carpi radialis longus abductor pollicus longus extensor pollicus brevis
posterior surface of ulna lateral epicondyle of humerus lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus posterior surfaces of radius & ulna shaft of radius
Origin
scaphoid, trapezium, flexor retinaculum trapezium & flexor retinaculum flexor retinaculum
Insertion
radial base of proximal phalanx of thumb radial base of proximal phalanx of thumb metacarpal I
Action
abducts thumb in sagittal plane flexes metacarpophalangeal joint opposition
abductor digiti minimi flexor digiti minimi brevis opponens digiti minimi
medial surface of proximal phalanx V abducts little finger medial surface of proximal phalanx V medial surface of metacarpal V flexes little finger at metacarpophalangeal joint flexes metacarpal V @ carpometacarpal joint
Gluteal Muscles
Muscle
gluteus maximus gluteus medius gluteus minimus
Origin
illiac crest, sacrum, coccyx posterior illiac crest lateral surface of illium
Insertion
linea aspera of femur greater trochanter of femur greater trochanter of femur
Action
extends thigh, laterally rotates thigh abducts thigh, medially rotates thigh abducts thigh, medially rotates thigh
Origin
Insertion
Action
aids in hip & knee flexion extends knee, flexes thigh @ hip extends knee extends knee extends knee adducts thigh adducts & medially rotates thig, flexes thigh @ hip adducts, flexes, extends, & laterally rotates thigh adducts thigh, flexes thigh
medial surface of proximal end of anterior superior spine of illium tibia anterior surface of illium & superior patella, tibial tuberosity, lateral & margin of acetebulum medial condyles of tibia patella, tibial tuberosity, lateral & femur @ intertrochanteric line medial condyles of tibia patella, tibial tuberosity, lateral & femur @ greater trochanter medial condyles of tibia anterior & lateral surfaces of femoral patella, tibial tuberosity, lateral & shaft medial condyles of tibia body & inferior ramus of pubis spiral line of femur body & inferior ramus of pubis inferior ramus of pubis and ischial tuberosity pectineal line of pubis linea aspera of femur linea aspera of femur & adductor tubercle of femur pectineal line of femur
Muscle
biceps femoris semitenfinosus semimembranous
Origin
ischial tuberosity & lateral suprcondylar ridge of femur ischial tuberosity ischial tuberosity head of fibula
Insertion
knee flexion knee flexion knee flexion
Action
Origin
lateral condyle & lateral margin of proximal half of tibia lateral condyle of tibia anterior surface of middle of fibula, interosseous membrane head & superior shaft of 2/3 if fibula
Insertion
medial cuneiform metarsal I middle & distal phalanges II-V distal phalanx I base of metatarsals I, medial cuneiform bone
Action
dorsiflexes & inverts foot extends toes II-v, dorsiflexes foot extends big toe, dorsi flexes foot everts foot plantar flexes foot, flexes knee, active in walking, running, jumping plantar flexes foot
condyles & popliteal surface of femur calcaneus posterior surface of head & proximal calcaneus 1/4 of fibula
Origin
lateral condyle of femur posteomedial surface of tibia posterior inferior 2/3 of fibula fibula, tibia, & interosseous membrance
Insertion
posterior surface of upper tibia distal phalanges of toes II-V distal phalanx of big toe metatarsals II-V
Action
rotates tibia medially & laterally plantar flexes foot plantar flexes foot plantar flexes & inverts foot