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PUKA DISTRICT BLERIMI COMMUNE TRADITION OF BLERIMI COMMUNITY IN THEIR FOREST LAND USE AND IDENTIFICATION OF TRADITIONAL FOREST

LAND USERS By Haki Kola


In close cooperation with: Ing. Pashk Prendi & Dr. Thimaq Lako
Blerim September 2007

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Table of content INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................................... 3 1.1 Legal base. .................................................................................................................................... 3 1.2 Summary of main activities implemented and results achieved .................................................. 3 1.3 Project description ........................................................................................................................ 4 1.3.1 Objectives of the project ....................................................................................................... 4 1.4 Organization and project management ......................................................................................... 4 1.5 Description of the methodology used ........................................................................................... 4 1.6 Establish of local structures combined with an awareness process in village level .................... 5 1.7 Definition of ways of forest and pasture usage ............................................................................. 5 1.8 Socio-economic data for the village and commune ...................................................................... 5 1.9 Village boundaries definition ........................................................................................................ 6 1.10 Definition of boundaries of the commune .................................................................................... 6 1.11 Distribution according to users ..................................................................................................... 6 2 Main activities realised ......................................................................................................................... 7 2.1 Presentation of the objectives and main activities of the project on commune and village base. 7 2.2 Collection data aimed on ............................................................................................................. 7 2.3 Establishment of village forest and pastures commission (Commission) ................................... 7 2.4 Establishment of boundaries in village forest ............................................................................... 8 2.5 Identification of the forest use and users ...................................................................................... 8 2.6 Documentation of the users and approve them by council of village and council of the commune ................................................................................................................................................... 8 3 Main findings ........................................................................................................................................ 8 3.1 History and tradition. .................................................................................................................... 8 3.2 Socio economic analysis ............................................................................................................... 9 3.3 Agriculture land .......................................................................................................................... 11 3.4 Private agricultural land state forest land................................................................................. 13 3.5 Illegal Logging in state forest ..................................................................................................... 13 4 Main results ......................................................................................................................................... 14 4.1 Why decentralization from state to communes forest management .......................................... 14 4.2 From study to implementation: Transfer of forest and pasture process...................................... 14 4.3 Building of local structures ......................................................................................................... 15 4.4 Village map on boundaries ......................................................................................................... 15 4.5 Certification of users in forest and pastures. ............................................................................... 15

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INTRODUCTION This draft report is a summary of main findings and conclusions for Blerimi commune pilot project implementation. Based in the Terms of References the work group has prepared and explained in the details the methodology for project implementation especially the way of the boundaries identification, negotiations between neighboring villages and preparation of the documents. In the second stage of the project, focus was I village scale, identification of traditional users, mapping and register them. The ecological condition, and socio-economic features of Blerimi represent more or less the traditions of the north part of the country on forest and pastures use. 1.1 Legal base. Study for Blerimi Commune forest and pastures has the legal bases on the law no.9385, date 04.05.2005 For forest and forest service, ; Law no.8743, date 22.02.2001 For immovable properties of state, Law no 8744, date 22.02.2001For transfer of immovable state public properties to the Local Government Units; Decision of Councils of Ministers no.500, date 14.08.2001 Inventory of immovable state properties and transfer of properties to the local government units, , Decision of Councils of Ministers no. 247, date 23.04.2004 For approval of National Strategy on forest development and institutional reform in forest and pasture sector in Republic of Albania, Decision of Councils of Ministers no.396, date 21.06.2006 For criteria on transfer and use of forest from the local government units . 1.2 Summary of main activities implemented and results achieved Achieved Results Work plan prepared, participants informed and agreed on activities

Activities Project presentation to the Communes staff and schedule meetings with all village heads of a commune for a first informative discussion Awareness-raising process on a village basis on the communal boundaries on forest and pasture Revision of Forest and pasture boundaries on village level and resource available Defining historical and current modes of both shared and assigned access to all resource areas

Information on traditional boundaries on village basis, Establishment village commissions Redefined of village boundaries on forest and pasture Provide information on traditional use as well as the paths traditionally used for transhumance; or moving livestock herds in different season

Preparation of villages maps based on the A draft map with the proposed boundaries based revision of boundaries in forest and on traditional user rights, from pre-communist pasture times, is prepared. GIS expert is digitizing the map Identification of forest and pasture use and The list of the users was produced for each forest users, for each village parcel and village in total

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Certify of user right for each user

Two documents were prepared for each user, the certificate of the forest and pasture use, and regulation for sustainable use, and sketch of the parcel with the list of users was identified and approved by the village council fore each transfered forest parcel

1.3

Project description

1.3.1 Objectives of the project 1. The project presentation to the all stakeholders in the forest service, commune and village councils 2. The capacity building to the village councils for better administration of forest and pastures in use/ownership of the commune 3. Establishment of forest and pastures commission in each village 4. Training of forest and pastures commission for identification of village forest and pastures 5. Presentation of the project objectives and activities in neighboring communes and supporting them in establishing the village commissions and to cooperate with their partner in Blerimi Commune in respective villages for boundaries between them in forest and pastures 6. Cooperation with old mans who know the tradition and Leke Dukagjini Codes (Kanun) and use their knowledge in cases of conflicts between villages 7. General assessment of forest plots according the users 8. Mapping the village and commune boundaries 9. Mapping the users according the forest and pastures plots 1.4 Organization and project management Organization and project management is realized in close cooperation with the Blerimi Commune, and the Directorate of Forest Service of Fushe Arres, Puka District. There was a very good cooperation with all the village and commune structures and a very good support from the Forest Service Sector. This support and cooperation helped to realize successfully of the planned activities and a common work plan between the consultants of NCFP, Commune and DFS approved and signed by all parties 1.5 Description of the methodology used

After the creation of the work group and their familiarization with the projects objectives, they collect all the existing documentation and other materials to be used during the field works. The main document used by work group the old management plan which was found at Puka DFS. For the local unit and village boundaries, maps which include the territory of communes and the villages were collected. The working group used the following thematic maps: Topographic maps in scale 1:25000 or 1:10000 (can be found in the district cadastre or Military Units) Agriculture cadastral maps used by the Commissions of Land Distribution (found at the District Cadastre or Office of Real Estate Registration) Maps of forests and pastures of the management plans or inventory ( found at the Directorate of Forest Service) -4-

Different documents that contain earlier boundaries. Partial topographic maps are put together and prepare a complete map of the territory of the local unit. In this map should e included: Local government unit and village boundaries, as they are traditionally known, as well as based on different documents Agriculture land boundaries according to villages (used by the Land Distribution Commissions), extracted by the cadastral maps or those of the Real Estate Registration Units, to ensure compatibility between the boundaries of forests and pastures and agriculture land, with resident areas or other territories. Forests and pastures boundaries according to maps taken from the DFS and local government unit defined in the preliminary agreement on the forests and pastures that the local unit take in use or in ownership.

The working used topographic maps scaled 1:25000, forest maps produced in the frame of forest management plans, or forest inventory maps. The administrative commune territory is located in three forest economies1 : 1. Forest Economy Dardh-Qebik 2. Forest Economy Sakat-Lak Hithi, dhe 3. Forest Economy Gosk. The territory of commune will be divided according to the above mentioned forest economies and are digitized in three special parts, to use the existing references system. NACFP was advised by GIS Albania and has set up the methodology for digitizing the mapping information and to link it with the attributes of forest plots. 1.6 Establish of local structures combined with an awareness process in village level

This was realized by organizing at least one general meeting for each village and local unit, as well as several meetings with groups or individuals during field works. The work group aimed that the presentation of projects objectives and other issues related to the identification of village bounder as well as the uses and users of forest plots, must be clear and understandable to the villagers. Based on the meeting organized in each village, it was confirmed the composition of the reorganized commission of 5-7 people who represented the users groups. 1.7 Definition of ways of forest and pasture usage

The work group together with the village commission using meetings, discussions, and interviews with village residents evidenced traditional ways of forests use and management as well as the user rights on natural resources areas.. 1.8 Socio-economic data for the village and commune

Collected data and information for each village and prepare one socioeconomic analyses focused on the following: 1

geographic position, relief and roads infrastructure

Albanias forest and pastures estates are divided into elementary management units called forest economy. Forest economy is clearly defined state forest area, managed in order to attain a set of explicit objectives and according to a long-term management plan.

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1.9

population, its composition, employment and movement agriculture land and agriculture, fruit culture, livestock development in relation to the forests and pastures. Natural resources focusing mainly on forests and pastures, tradition in their management and use, including the grazing issues.

Village boundaries definition

For the definition of village boundaries the work group worked closely with neighboring village commissions, which defined the boundaries between them. The work group and the commission started work with the known or documented boundaries, and walk along the boundary discussing and marking in the field and in the map the boundary line. After agreeing on the boundaries, the commission and the work group fill out and sign the type processverbal in several copies: for the village, for the registration office, for the local government unit, for the district cadastre, for the office of real estate registration and the directorate of forest service. Each copy of the process-verbal is accompanied by a copy of the map with the drawn boundaries. After finishing with the first village, representatives of the second village was part of the group and the same procedure is followed. Again the process-verbal is signed and the map with the boundaries prepared. This procedure is followed for each village. In cases when the head of the village is not a member of the commission, he must be present during the process of boundaries definition together with other individuals (elderly people) who know them well enough. In places where there are no well-defined boundaries, marks with pain or driving stones on soil can be used. All process-verbal and maps with villages boundaries are sent for the approval of the council of the local government unit. Is cases of misunderstandings, they can be solved by intervention of the Head of Village or Council of local government unit. In cases when there is no agreement, the boundaries between villages of the same commune are defined by the local unit council, and for the boundaries between local units of the same district decides the District Council. 1.10 Definition of boundaries of the commune Blerimi communes is bordered with some other communes of the same district. At the beginning, representatives of the neighborhood units will be part of the group. The group will start with boundaries well known and documented and accepted by all, drawing them on the map. Continuing the group will walk alongside the boundary marking them on the map. The work gets easier if it is done from the dominant points where a wide territory can be seen. Step by step, the group walks and discusses, after all members agree the boundaries are marked down on the map. Testimonials of elderly people who know the boundaries or finding traditional set signs showing the borders must be taken into consideration. On the map, characteristic points of relief, quotes of peaks, streams etc situated close to the boundary line as well as their names must be written down on the map. Surely, this process might not be finished within a day and require other field visits. 1.11 Distribution according to users The management group together with the village commission started their work in the field to identify the parts of forests and pastures which are used by different users based on parcel -6-

division. In this process, it was obligatory to take contact with the user who has presented a request at the forest commission for the part he wants to take for use. Each user show where the parcel he is using is situated and the neighbor user. Agreement between users was very important. All the data were sketched in schematic simple map drawn by hand is done (illustrating it with photographs would be more effective). In the process of definition of the parcel users, the precondition was to be all the users, and for each case neighbor need to agreed or to clarify any kind of misunderstandings. After that process, for each user the material was approved by the village commission and for the whole local unit by the local government unit council. The key problem faced is related to the division of forest through the village families. Traditionally based in the Leke Dukagjini code (kanun) a part of forest and pastures was divided for the familiar use. It is called hamalla or prozhma From preliminary assessment result that each on in village knows the boundaries of hamalla. It is accepted and respected from each one. The main constrain for mapping hamalla is very small area of familiar hamalla (it is from 0.1-05 hectare for family) and between them are not clear natural boundaries. It make very difficult mapping in scale 1:25000 topographical map. The consultation in working group agreed to accept an average area for each user, calculated based on the equal division of forest parcel through users. It is not real forest area of the user, but for the aim purpose of the study, is a very good tool to judge about traditional use of forest and pastures and local mechanisms on implementation.

2 Main activities realised


2.1 Presentation of the objectives and main activities of the project on commune and village base. After the general meeting in the commune scale, with participation of the working group the village chairmens a detailed work plan was approved and agreed for the dates of meetings in each village In each meeting in village was approved the village commission of forest and pastures, and one intensive training on the project activities was realized. In public sites as in coffee, schools, shops different posters were scattered to present the project and call for participation 2.2 Collection data aimed on a- The village forest, status and way of forest use in the inhabitants view b- Population, composition, employment and demographic movement c- Agricultural land, farming, cereals, fruit tress, and relation of agricultural, pastures, forest in every day life of village. d- Livestock breeding, structure of livestock, fodder and forage production, grazing and implication on forest lands and forest development e- Natural resources in special focus on village forest and pastures, tradition on their management and use . Based on above data for each village and for the all commune, one general assessment report on village and commune scale was prepared. 2.3 Establishment of village forest and pastures commission (Commission) The head of village council in the first meeting confirmed the village commission as repreentatives of users groups in village -7-

2.4 Establishment of boundaries in village forest In each village the establishment of boundaries in forest was realized with participation of bilateral commissions of the neighboring villages, as in the commune as well as in neighboring Blerimi Communes in presence of the representative of Puka DFS. 2.5 Identification of the forest use and users The next step of Working group in cooperation with the commission was identification of the part of forest used by different users based on the actual division of the state forest economies on parcels. Each user was present in the identification time. 2.6 Documentation of the users and approve them by council of village and council of the commune A fule package of documents were prepared for each village including: Decision on village commission on forest and pasture establishment

3 Main findings
3.1 History and tradition.

Before second war, when the first attempt on the preparation of legal frame work for Albanian forestry, (First law on forest on January 27, 1923) the Blerimi forest was used mainly for fuelwood and grazing, and in very small amount for timber or construction material. Table 1 Data on forest ownership before 1944 in Blerimi villages No Village Forest ha Private 686 220 562 364 698 309 4097 Communal (Village) 1257 1257 State -

1 Dardhe 2 Qebik 3 Truni 4 Sakat 5 Kulumri 6 Xath 7 Flet Commune

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As it looks from the table in six of seven villages in total the forest was in ownership of families used them for every day life of villagers and call Hamalla . After second world war, as in all the country Blerimi forest was all state forest, and was used broadly to open new agricultural lands. Now this lands present the abandoned lands and are very eroded and degraded
We followed it up a stony valley, steeper and steeper, to its source at the top of the pass, Chafa Malit. There is a joy that never pallsthe first glimpse into the unknown land. On the other side of the pass, a magnificent valley lay below us, thickly wooded with beech, and beyond were the lands which two rival races each claim as their birthrightone of the least-known corners of Europe. I hurried eagerly down the steep descent on foot, by a rough track to Flet. Flet is Moslem, save for six families, all large; one, consisting of fifty members, showed quite an imposing group of stone houses.. Free of the pack train, we pushed on quickly down the valley of the Goska, past Han Sakati, and by a steep descent to the Drin, which we successfully forded, led by a native who stripped and carried my saddlebags on his head. It was a ticklish job, and can only be crossed thus in very dry weather.Following Drin down a short way to its junction with the Kruma, we struck up the valley of the Kruma, and were in the land of the Hashi. A great wall-like cliff, rising on the stream's left bank, is known as the fortress of Lek Dukaghin..A church, but three years old, served occasionally by the priest of Dartha, showed trim and white. It was the first feeling of Edit Durham, one England writer traveled through Blerimi commune in her way to go in Kosovo in 1902.

The forest and pasture was the only resource for surviving, especially for grazing and fuel wood. Agricultural cooperative were all the villagers were member, used the state forest to produce fuel wood for the bakery for production of the bread for all villages, and in the same time the state logging enterprise exploit very intensively the forest, and all the livestock of cooperative used the area after exploitation as grazing area. Overgrazing of the natural pastures and all the oak forest by the cooperatives livestock and in the same time by the families livestock leaded in the high degradation especially of oak forest. The actual shape of oak forest can not be compared with the oak forest before second world war Table 2 Te Ownership in forest during 1945 - 1990 No 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Village Dardhe Qebik Truni Sakat Kulumri Xath Flet Commune Forest ha Private Communal (Village) State 686 220 1257 562 364 698 309 4097

3.2 Socio economic analysis Geographic position. Blerimi Commune is situated in east north of Puka town in the shortest distance 30 km from Puka town Limitation -9-

North : East: South: Commune

Lake of Fierza Hidropower Goska River, Pass of mjetes , Pass of plepi National road the pass, Chafa Malit - Mezi

Perendimi : Fierza commune The main leading organs in commune are the Head of commune and council of commune elected in local election each three years. The commune administrate is composed by 11 employees, appointed by head of commune, organized in this sections: the secretary of commune, section of finance, section of economic assistance, section of agricultural services, section of taxes, section of investments, section of civil status, each one 1 employee, and four services employees Agricultural section is in the same time charged with the extension service in agriculture. Village is governed by council of village, leaded by head of village, elected by open voting in a general meeting of village. Development policy: Geographical position of blerimi is very convenient especially for tourism development, for its very nice landscape, alpine clime and clean and fresh air as well as curative and esthetic values. It is exposing the thermal spa of Dardha River as a possibility for the future tourism Blerimi Commune is situated in the two sides of National Road Puka Bajram Curri, Gjakova and Prishtina Towns and the water way through Fierza lake is used frequently. There are 5 elementary schools in the villages with 25 teachers. There are not analphabets in commune. The environment concerns are not treated in school curricula. There is a sanitary center and one ambulance in commune with one doctor and six attendants Blerimi households structure There are 533 families with 2392 inhabitants scattered in 7 villages: Dardhe, Qebik, Truni, Kulumri, Xath, Flet. The most of population are catholic, meantime the population of Trun, Sakat, Kulumri, Xath and partly Flet village are Muslim. The average age is 43 years. Women are responsible for house keeping, cooking, take care for children and livestock breeding, Duties of Man as head of family included the allocation of task to family members, management of property and animals and control of family accounts. The rate between male and female is more or less equal. Blerimi families has many patriarchal characteristics. Generally each family has a patriarch. The patriarch is not necessarily chosen by customary law, but more along the lines of gender and age, usually the oldest male would assume the role. The prescription for the head of house hold in customary law seem to indicate that the head of household is the person who manage the operation in the farm. He has the authority over all family affairs. According to the Canun individuals who are part of the family do not have a civil, juridical and social personality, but through the head of family. In despite of statutory legislation in Albania today provides men and women with equal property rights, fieldwork observations in villages women are unlikely to demand their share in family properties (especially land), because they do not see a need since they will become a member in their husbands family and have access to the his familys property. The majority of inhabitants have no idea of the content of the law regarding they legal right to the forest, pasture agricultural lands and property. Employment is mainly in private sector, and emigration. In private sector work about 50 workers. Emigration is high especially for young generation. - 10 -

Table 3 Population and agricultural land No Village No of families Permanent Female Residents Male Able for Agricult Per Per work ure families ha inhabitant land s ha ha 346 390 139 1.3 0.2 137 160 65 1.3 0.2 132 160 46 0.7 0.1 106 100 113 3.7 0.6 53 70 13 0.3 0.1 210 250 45 0.4 0.1 175 260 61 0.4 0.1 1159 1390 482

1 Dardhe 2 Qebik 3 Truni 4 Sakat 5 Kulumri 6 Xath 7 Flet Komuna


Source : Blerimi Commune

106 50 66 30 40 105 136 533

658 266 260 184 125 431 448 2392

312 129 128 78 72 221 293 1233

More than 25% of the families are supported with economic assistance by central government budget. As part of governance improvements, the implementation of decentralization laws and regulations especially the clear user right and income generations from natural resources require close attention. Projects with strong community participation are essential to overcome the cynicism Albanians have developed toward their government. Remuneration of government employees, particularly in this isolated areas, should increase significantly as fiscal resources grow. But they must be accompanied by development of private organizations as FPUA-s and institutions that improve the efficiency and sustainability of labor and investment. The poverty reduction should focus on developing private sector organizations and institutions - in agriculture, and other natural resource development. Tourism and other service sub sectors - that would enable these sectors to mobilize inputs, and to produce and market more efficiently, equitably, sustainably, without damage to the environment. 3.3 Agriculture land Each family has from 0.3 hectare to 2.2 hectare agriculture lan, which is privatized after year 1991 based on the law No.7501 for division of agriculture land. It is planted with maize, beans, vegetables, alfa alfa. It is ploughed with simple tools, only in a small part are used agricultural machinery. The agricultural species have in general law yield, the main concern is irrigation system all degraded and out of function. The agricultural product do not fulfill the need of villagers for cereals. The main needs for vegetables are realized in the village. Table 4 Use of agriculture land N o 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Village Dardhe Qebik Truni Sakat Kulumri Xath Flet Agriculture land ha 139 65 46 113 13 45 61 Whea t The main species cultivated Vegetabl Fruit trees fodder es 4 13 17 3 9 7 3 7 6 2 5 14 1 2 3 3 4 9 3 6 12

Maize 63 46 30 21 4 25 35

others

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Commune

482

224

19

46

68

Agriculture products as cereals, vegetables, fruits and fodder for livestock, are the main incomes and are used for the needs of village families Table 5 agriculture products
Nr Village Wheat 20 Maize 3600 2400 1800 1200 240 1300 1800 11260 Agricultural products (quintal) Potatoes Vegetables Fruits 60 120 230 30 150 150 90 120 200 80 190 280 30 140 190 70 100 250 90 110 300 450 840 1600 Fodder 450 200 250 300 150 450 400 1840 Incomes 000/leke 13415000 8870000 7300000 5745000 1873000 6115000 7835000 51153000

1 Dardhe 2 Qebik 3 Truni 4 Sakat 5 Kulumri 6 Xath 7 Flet Commune

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In order to promote rural sector growth, a number of developments need to occur, starting with land. Since even the smallest farms are divided into three or more parcels, often some distance apart, at a minimum, consolidation of parcels needs to take place to facilitate more efficient use of land and time, and for farmers to have greater security over crops and livestock. Beyond this, consolidation of very small plots into larger plots is a likely development once the land market begins to operate. To facilitate this, greater administrative effort is needed to finalize the titling of land in order for land sales to occur. Abandoned lands. In the territory of Blerimi commune is a limited abandoned land, coming as result of refusal of villagers to one part of very degraded land, divided to them in implantation of land division law no 7501. Ii is used actually as grazing land from all the villagers. Livestock and grazing There are breaded about 1042 cows, 710 goats and 550 sheep. There are about 64 horses, mules and donkeys, used for transport and plough the land Transhumance is practiced to use the summer pastures. During late autumn-spring livestock use the low lands around the villages. Forage is used about 1840 quintal in year produced in agriculture land. The oak is pruned and leaves are used as fodder Table 6 Livestock structure and production N o 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Village Dardhe Qebik Truni Sakat Kulumri Xath Flet Structure of livestock (Head) Production quintal Shee Goa Cows perisodactyl Milk Meat p t 110 160 212 10 45 30 30 20 100 4 13 10 120 170 120 15 54 33 50 40 60 10 22 10 50 30 80 5 22 10 100 190 210 10 45 35 90 100 260 10 50 30 - 12 Revenues 000/leke 1950000 1800000 2190000 720000 720000 2200000 2000000

Komuna

550

710

1042

64

251

158

11580000

Generally livestock product are used only for household needs. Table 7. Needs for grazing and fodder Nr 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Village Dardhe Qebik Truni Sakat Kulumri Xath Flet Realization of need for grazing and fodder in percentage from Agricultural Commun Communa State State land al forest l pasture forest pasture 42 40 18 39 40 21 35 42 13 65 35 41 40 19 40 50 10 36 50 14 -

It is clear that agricultural land can fulfill only less than 50% of the needs on grazing and fodder. The remaining part is fulfilled by forest and pasture. 3.4 Private agricultural land state forest land Through the privatization of agricultural land and the constant trend of livestock sub sector expansion, the pressure on natural resources, has increased substantially. This pressure is exerted not only by the fulfillment of local needs but also by profit interests, and this national natural asset continues to be undervalued not only by the general public but also by regulatory owners and authorities; as a consequence it will be misused. Under such circumstances, Blerimis farmers try to obtain those natural resources that bear a relatively low cost (not to say without cost at all), out of which they get a sufficient level of satisfaction/utility to meet the families perceived basic needs. One natural resources meeting those requirements is the everlasting partner of man, the forest, which in the case of Puka District occupies 86% of the total district land area. Based on the Qualitative Assessment of Poverty in 10 Areas in Albania, people cut trees illegally because they do not have money. The forestry sector is a good source for the upgrading of areas included in the study, which in fact a lot of abuses are being done to them. The small land areas owned by rural households largely explain low-income levels; over 40 % of rural households own just 0.1to 0.6 hectare of land. Other factors are the low capacity of households to harvest their land, the productivity of the land, and the poor cooperation between farms, limited access to credit, and the insufficiency of government policies to promote agricultural production. 3.5 Illegal Logging in state forest

Fuel wood is still the primary means of fulfilling family needs including heating and cooking in all villages of Blerimi Commune. Fuel wood covers 88% of household energy needs during the winter and 73% during the summer. There are some households that the tradition fire restores fire holds during the summer season too, because of an aged family member, the presence of - 13 -

small kids or simply because of family tradition. Electricity is the second most significant source of energy, meeting 27% of total household needs in the summer season and 12% in the winter. Although electricity is widely available and is sold at subsidized rates, the quality of service is still low in terms of dependability, and the price remains unaffordable to many households compared to their low incomes and the cheap abundance of fuel wood. Generally in all villages of the commune, the wood material is taken right from the forest and the rural household does not pay There are a lot of discussion if this way of getting fuel wood is legal or illegal. Non-payment for fuel wood is not in itself an illegal phenomenon, but a zero price for a natural resource leads to the absence of a real market for that product and consequently to the malfunctioning of the market, since its demand would be high and the supply would be provided with the price equal to zero. In other words the consumption of fuel wood at a price equal to zero (even if the wood is from legally exploited plots) is one of the ways that leads to illegal logging phenomenon, but it is not in itself necessarily illegal. Illegal logging has more to do with damages and logging without permission, which conflicts with the technical aspects of logging, for instance mass loggings on sides of roads without meeting technical conditions of exploitation (for instance logging not at the proper hight above the earth), or misuse of timber assortment (cases where timber is exploited for fuel wood).

4 Main results
4.1 Why decentralization from state to communes forest management In Blerimi commune, close to half of the population are in poverty, reflecting small average land holdings (less than 0.5 hectare), low farm incomes (especially cash incomes from marketed produce), and very limited opportunities for off-farm employment. The fertility rate and infant mortality rate are also higher than elsewhere, and there is evidence of malnutrition in infants and young children. Central government is using the state budget money for economic assistance to 25 % of the Blerimi families. Non-farm income is critical for many farming households, representing around one quarter to one fifth of total rural income. Although impossible to quantify (because of absence of data), it is estimated that somewhere between 70 and 90 percent of rural households are dependent on a source of income other than farming, in the main social cash transfers. The most widespread transfers are pensions and social assistance, but the value of these are small. In terms of magnitude of non-farm income rendered to recipient families the most important is remittances, followed by wage employment, and non-farming business income. In all likelihood it is non-farm sources of income, especially remittances, that differentiate the upper rural income households from other households more than farm income. However, if consider the forest resources, the fees possible to be collected from fuelwood, and high request of market for wood material and medicinal plants, farm incomes could grow significantly in importance in the future.

4.2 From study to implementation: Transfer of forest and pasture process Being owned by government and overused very sporadically by local communities out of the care for continuity and in the most of cases illegally, all the participants in meetings are convinced for the importance of defining the rights and responsibilities and the boundaries in the village and family forest and arranging the relation between the commune, village, family and forest aiming on sustainable use of this very important natural resources. - 14 -

4.3 Building of local structures The forest and pastures commissions represent the main partner of consultant in the first stage of the process of the transfer process and the base structure in organizing the community of village. After one day training the commission realized his first function-the first step in identification and legalization of the village boundaries on forest and pastures, and certification of the use and users of the forest 4.4 Village map on boundaries All commission agreements are mapped and documented. There are map with very clear boundaries between villages between Blerimi commune and state forest After agreed for the part between villages one agreement was write down and signed by representative of two villages and forest service. This document was prepared in some copies one for each communes (villages), one for cadastra, office of immovable properties registration and one copy for District Forest Service. 4.5 Certification of users in forest and pastures. Forest and pasture users were identified and certified by village commissions. Two forest maps were the tools used by working group in consultation with the commission and users in the process of identification of users as family, group of families or quote, and this was the forest village map scale 1:10000 and parcel sketch. In filling the sketch were present the most of representatives of families that has used traditionally the forest, and different traditional boundaries were used to be oriented. The measurement of area was done generally in parcel scale, meantime the division between users was only schematic without field measurement. In the same time all the parts used collectively by the village were defined. The results calculated base in the entries were tabled in two ways. First one: The key word is forest user name, the number of parcels where he use a part of it, the average area of part used and the average of total area used by the user

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4.5.1.1 Appendix 3 BLERIM COMMUNE IN PUKA DISTRICT AND ALBANIA

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4.6

Appendix 13. List of users and the parcels used in the commune of Blerimi

4.6.1.1.1

Village DARDHE

No

Village

Name of head of family (user of forest)

Parcel number

Forest area in use for each parcel (ha) 1.80 0.70 0.80 2.60 1.00 1.70 3.00 0.80 1.70 0.80 1.00 1.60 2.60 2.40 5.00 1.00 3.00 4.00 2.00 3.00 1.60 2.60 5.00 1.00 1.20 2.60 1.30 2.50 3.00 3.00 0.80 1.10 9.60 1.00 3.00 3.00

Total area used by family (ha)

6 7

9 10

Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh

Nik Lulash Prendi

Jak Ndue Nika

Mhill Prend Jaku

Kol Gjon Kurti

Fran Ndoc Nika

Zef Gjon Kola Mark Pjetr Ndoci

Pashk Gjon Mehmeti

Ded Pjetr Marku Astrit Fran Prendi

96/a 119 124 128 149 96/a 158 142 96/a 124 149 96/a 127 128 129 131 132 133 134 135 96/a 128 129 131 96/a 128 96/a 128 138 141 142 143 148 149 141 141

6.9

2.8

3.5

24.6

10.2

3.8 3.8

18.5

3 4.1

- 18 -

No

Village

Name of head of family (user of forest)

Parcel number

Forest area in use for each parcel (ha) 1.10 1.10 1.00 3.00 2.00 0.80 1.10 2.00 2.00 0.80 3.00 2.80 2.60 3.00 1.60 2.60 4.00 2.00 5.00 5.00 1.00 4.00 1.00 3.00 4.00 1.00 1.00 0.80 1.10 0.90 1.10 0.80 0.90 0.60 0.70 0.70 0.80 0.80 0.70 2.00 3.00

Total area used by family (ha)

11 12

13 14 15 16 17 18

19

20

21 22

23

24 25 26 27 28 29 30

Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh

Gjin Mark Deda Mark Ukshim Pjetra

Nikoll Zef Meta Filip Llesh Nika Ilir Dod Markiqi Prend Nikoll Marashi Ilir Pal Marashi Nikoll Llesh Nika

143 143 131 132 134 142 143 134 125 142 126 127 128 132 128 128 133 134 135 130 131 133 131 132 133 136 122 142 143 149 122 122 122 123 122 122 142 124 124 125 126

1.1 4

3.9 2 2.8 5.8 5.6 1.6

Qerim Pjetr Ndoci

13.6

Prendush Pjetr Ndreu

10

Pal Jak Gjergji Nikoll Jak Marku

8 1

Zek Mark Syla

3.8

Nik un Gjergji Ndoc Kol Syla Mark Gjon Matoshi Filip Ndue Uka Ded Ndue Deda Pashk Lulash Uka Ded Ndue Nika

1.1 0.8 1.5 0.7 1.5 0.8 5.7

- 19 -

No

Village

Name of head of family (user of forest)

Parcel number

Forest area in use for each parcel (ha) 0.30 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 5.00 0.60 0.80 1.10 1.00 1.00 0.60 1.10 0.90 1.00 0.80 0.90 2.00 0.60 0.50 0.50 0.50 1.00 0.90 5.00 5.00 1.00 5.00 2.00 5.00 2.00 0.50 4.00 3.00 4.00 3.00 5.00 3.00 4.00 3.00 4.00

Total area used by family (ha) 0.3 2 2 2 2

31 32 33 34 35

36

37

38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49

50

51 52

Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh

Pjetr Mark Nika Kol Frrok Dema Ded Pjetr Dema Fran Zef Dema Mhill Nikoll Matoshi

125 127 121 121 121 122 123 142 143 149 122 123 143 149 122 142 149 116 119 119 119 119 122 149 112 112 122 112 116 112 116 119 110 111 110 111 112 115 110 111 110

Pjetr Ndue Syla

8.5

Mhill Ded Syla

3.6

Pal Gjok Syla Mhill Pjetr Gjeta Filip Zef Meta Jak Mash Marku Jak Ndue Gjoni Fran Zef Alia Prend Jak Gjoni Lulash Nik Ceca Marash Ndue Marjini Nikoll Prend Zeqa Dile Ndue Mark Gjoni Gjok Pjetr Nika

2.7 2 0.6 0.5 0.5 2.4 5 6 7 5 2.5 7

Ndue Frrok Marku

15

Pal Pjetr Uka Stak Pjetr Nika

7 7

- 20 -

No

Village

Name of head of family (user of forest)

Parcel number

Forest area in use for each parcel (ha) 3.00 4.00 3.00 5.00 0.70 0.60 0.80 0.9 4.00 3.00 5.00 8.00 4.00 3.00 4.00 3.00 3.00 2.70 2.70 3.00 4.00 2.80 2.90 6.00 4.00 4.00 5.00 4.00 0.50 2.00 1.00 4.80 2.00 4.70 2.10 5.00 2.00 0.60 1.00 5.00 2.00 5.00

Total area used by family (ha)

53

54

55

56

57

58

59

60 61

62

63

Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh

Ndue Marash Zefi

Gjin Gjon Kadria

Pjetr Mhill Gjoni

Pal Ndue Zogu

Lush Martin Gjoni

Mark Frrok Abazi

Nik Prend Doda

Mhill Nikoll Ndoci Gjok Marash Doda

Mark Ndue Dema

Ndue Pal Nika

111 110 111 112 122 123 142 149 110 111 112 113 110 111 110 111 111 112 112 115 110 11 111 99 100 117 97 100 119 121 122 97 98 97/a 98 97 121 123 124 97 128 129

15

20

18.4

9.7

14

12.5

6.8 6.8

8.6

18

- 21 -

No

Village

Name of head of family (user of forest)

Parcel number

Forest area in use for each parcel (ha) 1.00 3.00 2.00 1.80 4.00 1.80 1.00 3.00 1.80 6.00 4.00 6.00 4.00 6.00 1.00 4.00 4.00 5.00 4.00 3.80 5.00 1.60 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 2.00 0.50 2.00 0.60 1.90 1.80 6.00 1.70 2.00 5.00 4.80 2.00 1.80 5.00 1.90 4.70

Total area used by family (ha)

64

65 66 67 68 69

70 71

72

73

74

75 76

77

78

Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh

Dionis Mark Gjeta

Ndue Gjon Kola Prend Nikoll Marashi Gjon Syl Delia Lazer Pal Nika Zef Kol Syla

131 132 134 96/a 118 96/a 131 132 96/a 99 100 99 100 99 122 100 110 120 100 100 112 116 117 118 100 118 98 119 121 123 98 98 99 98 128 129 130 134 96/a 97 98 120

5.8

5.8 1.8 10 10 7

Pjetr Mark Mhilli Pal Mark Mehilli

13 4

Jak Pjetr Nika

18.4

Palush Pjetr Gjini

Lush Prel Dema

5.1

Ded Pjetr Dema Marash Ukshin Nika

1.9 7.8

Kol Ded Pjetra

15.5

Palush Jak Marku

25.3

- 22 -

No

Village

Name of head of family (user of forest)

Parcel number

Forest area in use for each parcel (ha) 1.00 2.00 2.90 3.00 3.00 1.80 2.00 5.00 1.80 1.80 4.60 4.10 3.00 3.00 2.00 1.80 2.00 5.40 2.00 5.00 3.00 1.70 3.00 2.80 1.70 4.00 4.00 3.00 5.00 6.00 3.00 1.80 3.00 1.00

Total area used by family (ha)

79 79 80

81

82

83

84

Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh Dardh

Kol Bejte Syla Kol Bejte Syla Ndoc Mark Prendi

Kol Gjok Marku

Zef Nik Marashi

Ndue Kol Deda

Anton Frang Pjetra

122 125 126 127 137 96/a 128 129 96/a 96/a 97 120 126 127 136 96/a 98 99 128 129 135 96/a 126 127 96/a 100 110 111 112 114 115 116 117 122

1.8 7 1.8

18.5

19.2

7.5

32.5

= 611,6

- 23 -

4.6.1.2 Village QEBIK


Name of head of family (user of forest) Parcel number Forest area in use for each parcel (ha) 4.00 3.00 2.00 2.00 1.00 4.00 4.60 3.00 1.20 1.20 3.80 0.80 1.20 1.20 2.00 3.00 5.00 5.00 4.00 5.00 4.00 3.00 4.60 3.00 1.20 1.00 2.00 2.00 1.20 2.00 1.20 4.00 1.20 2.00 3.90 4.00 3.00 2.00 0.90 3.80 Total area used by family (ha)

No

Village

4 5 6

10

Qebik Qebik Qebik Qebik Qebik Qebik Qebik Qebik Qebik Qebik Qebik Qebik Qebik Qebik Qebik Qebik Qebik Qebik Qebik Qebik Qebik Qebik Qebik Qebik Qebik Qebik Qebik Qebik Qebik Qebik Qebik Qebik Qebik Qebik Qebik Qebik Qebik Qebik Qebik Qebik

Pjetr Kol Ndreca

Arben Ndoc Kola

Nikoll Zef Meta

Fran Mhill Prendi Gjok Ded Kola David Prek Kola

135 158 145 146 144 135 137 158 139 147 135 140 139 147 148 136 134 134 135 134 135 136 137 138 139 144 145 146 139 146 147 1 147 148 1 135 136 148 149 1

12

12.8

10.2

3 5 9

Nik Mark Marashi

20.8

Nik Mark Marashi

Shtjefn Gjergj Marku

7.4

Shan Zef Tahiri

7.1

Pashk Kol Palushi

13.7

- 24 -

11

12

13

14

15

16 17

18

19

20

21

22 23 24 25

Qebik Qebik Qebik Qebik Qebik Qebik Qebik Qebik Qebik Qebik Qebik Qebik Qebik Qebik Qebik Qebik Qebik Qebik Qebik Qebik Qebik Qebik Qebik Qebik Qebik Qebik Qebik Qebik Qebik Qebik Qebik Qebik Qebik Qebik Qebik Qebik Qebik Qebik Qebik sum of village Average of family

Mark Lec Gjoni

Pal Jak Marashi

Pjetr Marash Doda

Nikoll Mark Zefi

Gjin Ded Prendi

Gjin Mark Doda Pal Markiqi

Palush Bib Gjeka

Mhill Ndue Maxhuni

Astrit Frang Prendi

139 1 148 139 1 148 136 145 146 137 137 138 138 145 146 138 140 138 140 139 140 144 146 147 148 140 144 147 148 140 140 144 147 148 145 147 147 147 147

1.20 4.00 2.00 1.20 4.00 2.00 3.00 2.00 2.00 4.60 4.60 3.00 3.00 2.00 2.00 3.00 0.60 3.00 0.60 1.20 0.60 1.00 2.00 1.20 2.00 0.70 1.00 1.20 2.00 0.70 0.90 1.00 1.20 2.00 2.00 1.20 1.20 1.20 1.10

7.2

7.2

11.6

7.6

3.6

3.9

0.7

Prend Dod Gega

5.1

Gjovalin Pjetr Marku Zef Prend doda Marash Dod Prendi Sokol Prend Uka

3.2 1.2 1.2 1.1 174.6 6.984

- 25 -

4.6.1.3 Village TRUNI List of parcels used collectively by Truni Village


Name of site Shurthi " " " Kodr Dllinja Verashta Trunit Shurthi Truni " " " " " " " Lumi Trunit " Kodr Sakati Truni Kisha Trunit Truni " " " Truni Posht " " " " " " " " " " " " " Prroi Braks " " " No of parcel 2a 3a 4b 5a 6a 7b 8b 9b 10a 11b 12b 13a 14a 15a 16a 17a 18a 1 2a 3a 4a 5a 6a 7a 8a 9a 10b 11b 12a 13b 14b 15a 16b 17a 18a 19a 20a 21b 29b 30a 31b 32a North Liqeni Liqeni Liqeni kurriz kurriz kurriz kurriz Prrosk Prrosk kurriz kurriz kurriz Prrosk kurriz kurriz Prrosk Prrosk kurriz kurriz kurriz Prrosk kurriz kurriz kurriz kurriz kurriz kurriz kurriz Prrosk kurriz kurriz Prrosk kurriz kurriz kurriz kurriz Prrosk kurriz kurriz kurriz kurriz liqeni South kurriz kurriz kurriz kurriz kurriz kurriz kurriz kurriz kurriz kurriz Prrosk kurriz Rrug kurriz Prrosk Rrug Rrug Prrosk kurriz kurriz kurriz Prrosk Prrosk Prrosk Prrosk kurriz kurriz Prrosk kurriz kurriz Prrosk kurriz kurriz kurriz kurriz kurriz kurriz kurriz Prrosk kurriz kurriz kurriz East kurriz Prrosk kurriz kurriz Prrosk Prrosk kurriz kurriz kurriz Prrosk Prrosk Prrosk kurriz Prrosk Prrosk kurriz kurriz kurriz kurriz kurriz kurriz kurriz kurriz kurriz Prrosk Prrosk kurriz kurriz Prrosk Prrosk Liqeni kurriz Prrosk kurriz kurriz Prrosk kurriz kurriz Prrosk Prrosk Prrosk Liqeni West Liqeni kurriz Prrosk Prrosk kurriz kurriz Prrosk kurriz kurriz kurriz kurriz Rrug kurriz Rrug Rrug Prrosk kurriz Rrug kurriz kurriz kurriz kurriz kurriz kurriz kurriz kurriz kurriz Prrosk kurriz kurriz kurriz Prrosk kurriz Prrosk Prrosk kurriz Prrosk kurriz kurriz kurriz kurriz kurriz Area (ha) 17.10 34.50 60.10 39.00 34.30 39.60 31.90 38.70 24.90 46.30 32.50 27.80 42.10 25.90 27.20 27.80 21.60 26.80 14.60 21.40 12.00 27.00 31.30 21.70 21.40 16.70 18.30 14.50 15.90 20.30 7.00 17.40 32.10 16.50 29.20 21.10 24.80 25.30 10.75 22.00 19.50 20.00

- 26 -

Truni Prroi Braks " " " " " " " "

33b 34a 35a 36a 38b 39a 40a 41a 42b 43a

liqeni kurriz kurriz kurriz kurriz T.bujqs kurriz T.bujqs kurriz liqeni kurriz liqeni liqeni kurriz liqeni kurriz kurriz kurriz kurriz liqeni Total of area hectare

kurriz kurriz kurriz kurriz kurriz kurriz kurriz kurriz kurriz Liqeni

Prrosk Prrosk Prrosk Prrosk kurriz kurriz kurriz kurriz kurriz kurriz

21.50 24.50 31.00 18.25 12.00 17.00 21.00 12.00 10.00 10.00 1256.00

- 27 -

4.6.1.4 Village SAKAT

No

Village

Name of head of family (user of forest)

Parcel number

Forest area in use for each parcel (ha) 6.00 5.00 2.00 10.00 7.00 4.00 1.00 7.00 1.20 0.80 0.60 1.80 1.20 1.20 1.20 2.00 1.20 2.00 2.00 4.00 1.20 6.00 5.00 10.00 1.00 1.20 0.80 0.60 1.80 1.20 1.20 1.20 2.00 1.20 2.00 2.00 1.20 6.00 5.00

Total area used by family (ha)

Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat

Bajram dervishi

Azem dervishi

Qamil Dervishi

22 23 26 27 28 63 44 37 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 57 59 22 23 27 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 59 22 23

62.4

38.4

13.6

- 28 -

Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat

...continue Qamil Dervishi

Tahir Dervishi

Rexhep Myftari

Sadik Hasani

45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 59 22 23 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 59 24 25 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 59 24 25 26 27 28 37 63 44

1.20 0.80 0.60 1.80 1.20 1.20 1.20 2.00 1.20 2.00 2.00 1.20 6.00 5.00 1.20 0.80 0.60 1.80 1.20 1.20 1.20 2.00 1.20 2.00 2.00 1.20 4.00 4.00 2.00 0.80 0.60 1.80 1.20 1.20 1.20 2.00 1.20 2.00 2.00 1.2 4.00 4.00 2.00 10.00 7.00 7.00 4.00 1.00

13.8

27.4

25.2

54.2

- 29 -

10

Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat

...Sadik Hasani

Avni Myftari

Vehbi Hasani

Riza Hasani

Sulejman Sula

45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 59 24 25 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 59 24 25 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 53 54 55 59 24 25 26 37 63 44 45 46 47

1.20 0.80 0.60 1.80 1.20 1.20 1.20 2.00 1.20 2.00 2.00 1.20 4.00 4.00 1.00 1.20 0.60 0.80 1.20 1.20 1.20 2.00 1.20 2.00 2.00 1.20 4.00 4.00 1.00 1.20 0.80 0.60 1.80 1.20 1.20 1.20 2.00 2.00 1.20 4.00 4.00 2.00 7.00 4.00 1.00 1.20 0.80 0.60

1.2

23.6

22.2

43.4

- 30 -

11

11

12

13 14 15

16

Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat

Ram hasani

...continue Ram Hasani

Sali Mami

Isa Halili Ram Rexha Rexhep Smali

Sadri Mehmeti

48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 58 59 26 63 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 59 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 59 28 37 44 44 45 46 47 48

1.80 1.20 1.20 1.20 2.00 1.20 2.00 2.00 6.00 7.00 1.20 2.00 4.00 1.00 1.20 0.80 0.60 1.80 1.20 1.20 1.20 2.00 1.20 2.00 2.00 6.00 1.20 1.00 1.20 0.80 0.60 1.80 1.20 1.20 1.20 2.00 1.20 2.00 1.20 1.20 7.00 7.00 1.00 1.00 1.20 0.80 0.60 1.80

12.6

16.8

16.6

7 7 1

17.4

- 31 -

17

18

19

19

Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat
Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat

Shptim Mehmeti

Hajredin Shaqja

Sknder Hasani

...continue Sknder hasani

49 50 51 52 53 54 55 59 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 59 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 53 54 55 59
45 46 47 48 49

20

Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat

Ajet Canaj

50 51 53 54 55 59

21

Hazis hasani

45 46 47 48

1.20 1.20 1.20 2.00 1.20 2.00 2.00 1.20 1.20 1.00 0.80 0.60 1.80 1.20 1.20 1.20 2.00 1.20 2.00 2.00 1.20 1.00 1.20 0.80 0.60 1.80 1.20 1.20 1.20 1.20 2.00 2.00 1.20 1.00 0.80 0.60 1.80 1.20 1.20 1.20 2.00 1.20 2.00 1.20 1.20 0.80 0.60 1.80

17.4

5.6

8.8

14.2

25.40

- 32 -

Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat

22

23

Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat Sakat

Hamit Cana

Shaqir Myftari

49 50 51 53 54 55 59 57 58 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 53 54 55 59 57

1.20 1.20 1.20 1.20 2.00 2.00 1.20 4.00 7.00 1.20 0.80 0.60 1.80 1.20 1.20 1.20 1.20 2.00 2.00 1.20 4.00

14.4

4 = 502,6

- 33 -

Village Kulumri

No

Village

Name of head of family (user of forest)

Parcel number

Forest area in use for each parcel (ha) 3.00 3.00 2.70 2.00 2.00 3.00 3.00 2.70 1.00 2.00 2.00 3.00 3.00 2.70 5.00 2.90 1.00 2.00 2.00 3.00 2.70 2.00 3.00 3.00 4.00 3.00 2.90 4.00 5.00 2.00 3.00 3.00 1.70 3.00 3.00 2.90 3.00 4.00

Total area used by family (ha)

Kulumri Kulumri Kulumri Kulumri Kulumri Kulumri Kulumri Kulumri Kulumri Kulumri Kulumri Kulumri Kulumri Kulumri Kulumri Kulumri Kulumri Kulumri Kulumri Kulumri Kulumri Kulumri Kulumri Kulumri Kulumri Kulumri Kulumri Kulumri Kulumri Kulumri Kulumri Kulumri Kulumri Kulumri Kulumri Kulumri Kulumri Kulumri

53 Gzim Avdia 54 55 70 71 53 54 55 62 70 71 53.00 54 55 64 66 69 70 71 54 55 71 60 61 62 64 66 67 68 70 53 54 55 53 54 55 60 61

12.7

Raif demnaj

13.7

Qamil Demnaj

21.6

Hysen Demnaj

Kujtim Shpendi

35.6

Hamit Bala

26.8

- 34 -

10

11

12

13

Kulumri Kulumri Kulumri Kulumri Kulumri Kulumri Kulumri Kulumri Kulumri Kulumri Kulumri Kulumri Kulumri Kulumri Kulumri Kulumri Kulumri Kulumri Kulumri Kulumri Kulumri Kulumri Kulumri Kulumri Kulumri Kulumri Kulumri Kulumri Kulumri Kulumri Kulumri Kulumri Kulumri Kulumri Kulumri Kulumri Kulumri Kulumri Kulumri Kulumri Kulumri Kulumri Kulumri Kulumri Kulumri Kulumri

Basri Bala

62 66 67 69 53 54 55 60 61 62 64 66 67 68 53 54 55 64 65 66 53 54 55 60 61 62 66 67 68 69 53 54 55 60 61 62 67 68 60 61 62 60 61 62 60 61

Rasim Uka

Alush Braha

...continue Alush Braha

Asllan Bala

Adem Brahimi

Imer Dashi

Qamil Brahimi

2.90 4.00 1.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 2.90 3.00 3.00 4.00 3.00 2.90 4.00 5.00 3.00 3.00 2.90 3.00 5.00 2.70 3.00 3.00 2.90 3.00 3.00 4.00 2.90 4.00 5.00 1.00 3.00 3.00 2.90 3.00 3.00 4.00 4.00 5.00 3.00 3.00 4.00 3.00 3.00 4.00 3.00 3.00

33.8

19.6

28.8

27.9

10

10

10

- 35 -

14

15

16 17 18

19 20 21 22 23 24 25

Kulumri Kulumri Kulumri Kulumri Kulumri Kulumri Kulumri Kulumri Kulumri Kulumri Kulumri Kulumri Kulumri Kulumri Kulumri Kulumri Kulumri Kulumri Kulumri Kulumri Kulumri Kulumri Kulumri

Gani Ramadani

Haki demiraj

Esat bala

62 64 65 69 64 65 69 70 66 67 66 66 68 69 70 71 69 70 71 70 70 71 70

4.00 5.00 5.00 1.00 5.00 5.00 1.00 2.00 2.90 4.00 2.90 2.90 5.00 1.00 2.00 2.00 1.00 2.00 2.00 1.90 1.90 2.00 1.90

11

13

2.9 6.9 7.9

Brahim Ademi Myrteza Bala

Sali demnaj
Sadik Meta

5 1 4 1.9 1.9 2 1.9

Bujar Fetahu
Imer Demiraj Hakim demiraj Shptim demiraj Shaqir Ramadani

- 36 -

Village XATH

No

Village

Name of head of family (user of forest)


Qamil Vela Bajram Vela

Parcel number

Forest area in use for each parcel (ha) 1.50 1.50 1.50 0.70 1.50 1.70 1.50 1.50 1.50 1.50 2.90 1.50 1.50 1.50 1.50 1.50 1.50 1.50 1.00 1.50 1.00 1.50 5.00 1.00 0.70 1.70 1.50 5.00 1.00 5.00 1.00 5.00 5.00 1.00 1.50 5.00 5.00 6.00

Total area used by family (ha) 1.5 1.5 2.2 3.2 1.5 1.5 1.5 4.4 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.5 2.5

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

17

18

19 20 21 22 23

XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH

56 56 56 78 56 76 56 56 56 56 72 56 56 56 56 56 56 56 74 56 74 56 57 74 75 76 56 57 74 57 74 57 57 74 56 57 57 58

Rexh Smaka Riza vela


Qazim Vela Xheladin smaka Astrit Smaka

Ajet Smaka
Bafti Mulaku Ramadan Mulaku Rexhep Mulaku Musa Mulaku Gani Mulaku Xhevahir Mulaku

Adem Muha Imer Mula

Imer Delia

9.9

Alush Velia

7.5

Hamit Vela
Ajet Velaj

6 5 6 6.5 16.4

Hasan velaj Alush Velaj Latif Latifi

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24 25 26 27 28 28 29 30

31

32

33

34 35 36 37

38

39

40 41 42 43 44 45

XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH

Shaban Latifi
Jak Mhilli Veli Velaj Ton Mhilli

79 81 57 81 77 57 57 58 78 79 58 79 58 79 58 79 80 80 81 79 58 58 79 80 72 73 72 73 73 73 73 75 76 74 78 73 74 75 73 75 73 73 73 73 73 74

3.00 2.40 5.00 1.40 3.00 5.00 5.00 6.00 4.00 3.00 6.00 3.00 6.00 3.00 6.00 3.00 6.00 6.00 2.40 3.00 6.00 6.00 3.00 6.00 2.90 0.70 2.90 0.70 0.70 0.70 0.70 0.70 1.70 1.00 4.00 0.70 1.00 0.70 0.70 0.70 0.70 0.70 0.70 0.70 0.70 1.00

6.4 3 5 5 6 7 9 9

Brahim Latifi Brahim Latifi Zamir Latifi Xhelal Latifi

Xhafer Latifi

15

Latif latifi

17.4

Elez Latifi

15

Syle Smaka Selman koleci


Rustem latifi Ali latifi

3.6 3.6 0.7 0.7

Hysen Latifi

8.1

Azem latifi

2.4

Arif asllani
Arben koleci Bajram Koleci Ismail vela Shaban Smaka

1.4 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 1.7

Musa muho

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46 47

48 49 50

51

52

53

54

55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75

XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH

Brahim Xhauri Xhevahir Muho

Jak Xhauri
Faik uka Sami Asllani

74 76 73 76 74 75 76 74 74 73 74 75 76 57 74 75 75 76 75 76 77 78 75 77 77 75 76 76 76 57 77 77 79 81 81 81 81 81 81 81 81 81 72 73 72 72

1.00 1.70 0.70 1.70 1.00 0.70 1.70 1.00 1.00 0.70 1.00 0.70 1.70 5.00 1.00 0.70 0.70 1.70 0.70 1.70 3.00 4.00 0.70 3.00 3.00 0.70 1.70 1.70 1.70 5.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 2.40 2.40 2.40 2.40 2.40 2.40 2.40 2.40 2.40 2.90 0.70 2.90 7.90

2.7 2.4

3.4 1 1

Azem latifi

4.1

Imer Delia

6.7

Arif Latifi

2.4

Eduart latifi

9.4

Fadil velaj Shaban xhauri

0.7 3 3.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 8 3 3 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 3.6 2.9 7.9

Musa Xhauri
Bajram Velaj Qamil vela Riza Velaj

Jak Mhilli
Kol Nika Muharrem Latifi Idriz Xhauri Myftar xhauri Xhelal Hoxha Abedin Hoxha Mustaf Hoxha Ismail xhauri Muharrem xhauri Shefqet Tahiri Shptim Tahiri

Arben koleci
Shptim Koleci Hysen Koleci

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76 77 78 79 80

XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH XATH

Agim smaka

72 72 73 72 72 72

2.90 2.90 0.70 2.90 2.90 2.90

2.9 3.6 2.9 2.9 2.9

Ajet Smaka
Ali smaka Ylber koleci Sami Koleci

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Village FLET

No

Village

Name of head of family (user of forest)


kol Nika

Parcel number

Forest area in use for each parcel (ha) 7.60 7.60 24.50 7.60 7.60 3.00 7.60 7.60 7.60 4.00 16.90 16.90 11.30 11.30 11.30 11.30 9.00 7.60 9.00 7.00 8.00 17.00 3.00 4.00 4.00 7.00 10.00 10.00 4.00 4.00 9.00 7.00 8.00 7.00 8.00 8.00 9.00 3.00

Total area used by family (ha) 7.6 32.1 7.6 10.6 7.6 7.6 7.6 4 16.9 16.9 11.3 11.3 11.3 27.9 9 7

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15

16

17 18 19

20

21

22

FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET

59 59 60 59 59 85 59 59 59 76 60 60 61a 61 61 61 62 72 62 63 63 66 70 73 76 63 64 64 71 75 64 72 64 67 70 64 69 84

Vat Nika
Pashuk Nika

Ndue Nika
Dod Caca Gjon Caca

Mark Caca Mark Caca


Mustaf Hoxha Smail Hoxha Smail Xhauri Bajram selmani Sknder Uka

Ali Islami
Ramadan islami Marash pali

Sadik Selmani

36

Dod Pali Riza Zeqja

7 10 18

Myftar Selmani

Qamil Sejdia

15

Smail Zeqja

23

Sknder Veseli

20

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23 24 25 26 27

28

29

30

31 32 33 34 35

36

37

38

39

40 41 42 43

FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET

Ramadan...

64 69 70 70 71 70 69 70 74 75 70 70 74 76 90 86 87 73 75 74 75 75 76 76 76 76 77 80 81 89 87 77 77 80 93 86 78 79 89 78 79 86 82a 82 82a

12.00 10.00 9.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 10.00 4.00 12.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 13.00 4.00 13.00 0.70 3.00 4.50 4.00 12.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 7.00 4.00 6.00 5.00 3.00 7.00 7.00 5.00 10.00 0.40 10.00 7.00 5.00 7.00 5.00 0.30 1.50 1.50 1.50

12 19 4 4 4

Riza Zeqja
Dervish Islami Ismet Qypi Sali Hyseni

Qazim Hyseni

28

Muharrem Ahmeti

Gjovalin Gjoni

36.7

Xhemal Hyseni Ali Baftjari Qamil Sejdia Gjergj Ndreca Stak Ndreca

8.5 16 8 4 4

Llesh Gjoni

29

Luftim bardhi

Vlash gjoni

22.4

Jak syla

22

Mati Syla Uk Delia Syl Delia Xhafer veseli

12.3 1.5 1.5 1.5

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44 45

46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66

FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET FLET

Israt tahiri Bujar tahiri

82 83 82 83 82 83 82 82 83 82 83 82 83 82 83 83 83 84 84a 84 84 85 85 86 87 86 86 87 88 64 83 72

1.50 0.20 1.50 0.20 1.50 0.10 1.50 1.50 0.10 1.50 0.10 1.50 0.10 1.50 0.10 0.30 0.20 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 0.10 3.00 0.20 0.10 3.10 6.00 10.00 0.10 7.00

1.7 1.7

Ramadan Huli Sami Huli Sherif Huli Isa Huli Sadri Huli Sali Tahiri Shefqet Tahiri Halit Tahiri Dod Pali Ndue Pali beslim Delia Marash Nika Gjergj Nika Dod Nika Gjon Syla Sadik Sadriu Sknder Alia Ndue Prendi Qamil Sejdia smail Arifi Tahir Sejdia

1.6 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 0.3 0.2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3.1 0.2 3.2 6 10 0.1 7

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