~ Emergency Nine ~ Special Situations

Dylan Adelman Sam Mattson Chris Oman Tyler Something

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Table of Contents...2 Recognizing and preparing emergencies.. 3 Protecting yourself in an emergency.4 The three Cs. 5 General safety tips.. ..6 Care for shock.... ..7 Causes....... ...8 Signs and Symptoms....9 Care and treatment...10 Prevention... ..11 Fact Sheet.12

RECOGNIZING EMERGENCIES Emergencies can happen at any time You might notice unusual noises, sights, odors, appearances, or behavior Noises, people screaming for help, breaking objects, screeching tires People lying motionless, spilled chemicals, fallen boxes, power failure, smoke, downed electrical wires, and fire

HOW TO BE PREPARED DURING AN EMERGENCY Keep your family medical information

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in a handy place for use during emergencies Keep medical insurance up-to-date Find out if your community has an emergency 9-1-1 call Keep emergency phone numbers in a handy place for quick use during an emergency Learn and practice your First Aid skills First Aid Kits should include a cellular phone, adhesive tape, emergency phone numbers, tweezers, gauze, a cold pack, band-aids, antiseptic ointment, disposable gloves, a flashlight, and extra batteries

Protecting yourself during an emergency

~You can be exposed to blood saliva, and other bodily fluids while handling a situation in emergency 9, such as blood while removing an embedded object from somebody else ~They can contain bacteria and viruses
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that have a high possibility of making you become sick, and can be fatal ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~ ---YOU CAN PROTECT YOURSELF BY--~Using protective equipment, which includes breathing masks and sterile gloves ~If you dont use proper equipment, then make sure to wash all exposed areas with soap or water right after helping the victim ~Always make sure to visit your doctor after using first aid

THE THREE CS
~CHECK, CALL, CARE~
CALLING KEEP A LIST OF EMERGENCY NUMBERS SO THAT YOU HAVE EASY ACCESS TO HELP DURING AN EMERGENCY Some of these numbers should include: ~911 the police station is the FIRST place that you should call during an emergency
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~Poison control if the person injured has been poisoned, then this is the place to call right after you have informed the police of the situation ~Parents numbers your parents or other legal guardians should immediately be informed after you have informed the police. Besides, your parents have a right to know what is going on After you have called these places, tend to the victim of the emergency, and stay by their side until the police have arrived. You can also help them stay calm by telling them that everything is okay, even if you know it is not. But overall, make sure you and the victim just:

STAY CALM!!!

GENERAL Safety tips

Avoid guns they can be very dangerous, and can become fatal if used improperly; so if using guns, make sure that you are very careful, and dont EVER point them at anybody, under any circumstances Dont cross the street when the crosswalk sign is red. This way, you can avoid getting smeared on the windshield of a car like a little bug, and it will save you a lot of time and money
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by not being in the hospital with broken limbs Avoid sharp objects, especially holding those sharp objects near important body parts, as they can puncture the skin and give you really bad bleeding and a good reason for the doctors to amputate that part of your body Dont play with dangerous objects (and extreme example would be a bomb) as they can cause you to lose parts of your body that you most likely need Overall, just make sure that you think before you act, and try your best to avoid situations that seem dangerous

- CARE FOR SHOCK Shock is the response that the body gives when it senses reduced blood flow --Many injuries can cause reduced blood flow, although the amount needed to cause shock is a significantly large amount that would only be caused by severe injuries
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such as severed body parts or embedded objects --- SYMTOMS OF SHOCK Pale and often clammy skin An increased heart rate The victim feeling lightheadedness A slower rate of breathing A confused victim that often acts and feels as though everything is all just a dream --- WAYS TO CARE FOR SHOCK - Give the victim a blanket or a jacket to preserve their body temperature - Lay the victim down at an angle as so to maximize blood flow to their heart - Make sure to stay calm and do your best to keep the victim in a calm state as well

Causes
Causes of a severed body part
- Industrial or worksite accidents - Car / automobile accidents - Home repair accidents
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- Suicide attempts - Land mines / bombs -----------------------------------------------------------------------

Causes of an embedded object

- Industrial or worksite accidents - Car / automobile accidents - Home repair accidents - Guns or other firearms - Attempted robbery (robber stabbing you) -----------------------------------------------------------------------

Causes of mouth wounds

- Industrial or worksite accidents - Chewing on hard objects - Attempting to swallow a toothpick - Guns or other firearms - Getting punched hard in the mouth ----------------------------------------------------------------------Over half of the reported cases that would be categorized into emergency 9 occurred at work or industrial sites, in automobile accidents or, surprisingly, during repair work at home

Signs and Symptoms

---Severed Body Part----- Part of your body is missing --- Nausea and dizzyness
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--- Shock / increased heart rate --- Blood gushing from a spot where part of your body used to be ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

---Embedded Object----- Severe aching / extremely sore --- Nausea and dizzyness --- Puss oozing from wound spot --- Swelling --- Shock / increased heart rate ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

---Mouth Wounds----------Bleeding from the mouth Puss oozing from wound spot Swelling Extreme pain in mouth region

CARE AND TREATMENT

Doctors suggest that a severed body part should be sealed in a plastic bag and placed on ice. Do not put the severed part directly on the ice as it could cause damage to the skin tissue Do not put a severed body part in
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water as it has been shown to make reattaching more difficult Embedded objects shoud normally be removed, but should be done by a professional, as severe bleeding could be a result of improper removal Mouth wounds can be fixed by surgery or other hospital methods, but are hard to treat because of the mouth's complicated glands. Sometimes doctors can do very little to fiz a mouth wound.

Prevention Strategies
- Avoid participating in dangerous activities, such as playing catch with scissors, or hacky-sack with a knife - Make sure to follow all traffic signals as so you do not get smeared onto the windshield of someones car
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- Do not play with sharp or dangerous objects of any kind, as they can severely, even fatally injure you if they are used incorrectly - Dont be stupid: always think before you do things, and make sure you have actually thought them through - Overall, just do your best to avoid dangerous situations, do not play with anything sharp or dangerous, and always make sure you think before you act, as it can be a life-saver in certain situations (and dont forget to follow your traffic signals, kids!!)

FACT SHEET
Embedded objects are not supposed to be removed, unless it is very minute object
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 Mouth injuries may cause breathing problems when blood obstructs the airway If a splinter gets in your eye, do not attempt to remove it. Instead, make sure to dial 9-1-1 immediately To treat a sucking chest wound, you must place an airtight dressing over the wound and tape it, but make sure to leave only one of the corners loose A forceful puncture to the chest is lifethreatening because it allows are to freely pass through the lungs, causing them to work improperly A severed body part should immediately be wrapped in sterile gauze, at which point you put it in a plastic bag and fill the bag with ice. If you ever have a severed body part, make sure that it is not stored directly on the ice. The ice can cause damage to the skin tissue and kill the skin cells.

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