MA 1505 Mathematics I Tutorial 1 Solutions 1.

Note that (g f )(x) =

6 |3 x | and (f g)(x) = 6 . |3x|

2. (a) y =

ax + b , cx + d

y =

ad bc a(cx + d) c(ax + b) = (use quotient rule) 2 (cx + d) (cx + d)2

(b) y = sinn x cos mx , y = n sinn1 x cos x cos mx m sinn x sin mx (use product rule and chain rule) (c) y = ex
2 +x3

y = ex

2 +x3

(2x + 3x2 ) (use chain rule)

(d) y = x3 4(x2 + e2 + ln 2) , y = 3x2 8x (note that e2 and ln 2 are constants) Similarly, we nd the derivatives in (e) - (h). (e) 2 sin (cos 1)2 (use quotient and chain rule) (f) t sec2 (2 t) + tan(2 t) (use product and chain rule) +1+1 (g) 2 2+1 cos( + + 1) (use chain rule) (h) 4 tan x sec x csc2 x (use quotient rule)

3. Let Vc (t) be the volume of coee in the cone at time t and Vp (t) be the volume of coee in the pot at time t. dVc is equal the rate of volume change in Note that the rate of volume change in the cone dt dVp the pot . dt Let hc (t) be the level of coee in the cone at time t and hp (t) be the level of coee in the pot at time t. (a) Vp = base area hp = 9hp . dVp dt 10 dhp dt dhp dt dhp = 9 dt 10 = 9 = 9

MA1505 Tutorial 1 Solutions

1 (b) Vc = base area hc = 3 Note that the base radius r

1 2 1 hc h3 c r hc = ( )2 hc = . 3 3 2 12 of the cone is half that of the height hc . dVc dt 10 dhc dt h2 dhc c 4 dt 52 dhc = 4 dt 8 = 5 =

4. (a) x2/3 + y 2/3 = a2/3 . Dierentiating the equality we get 2 1/3 2 1/3 dy x + y = 0. 3 3 dx Since 0 < x < a and 0 < y, we have dy dx d2 y dx2 y 1/3 a2/3 x2/3 = = x1/3 x1/3 1 2 1 ( )a2/3 x5/3 = 2 3 a 2/3 ( ) 1 x = a 2/3 ( ) 1; x a2/3 a2/3 = = . a 2/3 3x4/3 a2/3 x2/3 5/3 3x ( ) 1 x

(b) y = (sin x)sin x , 0 < x < , so sin x > 0. 2 ln y = sin x ln sin x, y y = cos x ln sin x + cos x, y y = y(1 + ln sin x) cos x, cos2 x sin x

= y (1 + ln sin x) cos x + y (1 + ln sin x)( sin x) + = y(1 + ln sin x)2 cos2 x + y

cos2 x (1 + ln sin x) sin x . sin x

Hence y y = (sin x)sin x (1 + ln sin x) cos x, = (sin x)sin x (1 + ln sin x)2 cos2 x + cos2 x (1 + ln sin x) sin x . sin x

(c) x = a cos t, y = a sin t. dy dx d2 y dx2 = dy dt = a cos t = cot t, dx a sin t dt 1 d d dy ( cot t) 2 ( dx ) d dy 1 ( ) = dt dx = dt . = sin t = dx dx dx a sin t a sin3 t dt dt 2

MA1505 Tutorial 1 Solutions

5. Let x m be the distance from the shadow to the foot of the lamp post. Using similar triangles in the diagram on the next page, we have 15 s = . 9 x Therefore, sx = 135 and hence x= 135 . 4.9t2
dx dt ,

Dierentiate this with respect to t and then substitute t = 0.5 to solve for dx = 440.8, dt

we nd that

and so the speed is 440.8 m/sec. (The - sign indicates that the shadow is moving towards the foot of the lamp post.)

6. Let x miles be the distance of the car from a xed point on the road and let y miles be the distance of the vertical projection of the plane on the road from the same point. Let s be the distance between the plane and the car. Using the second diagram on the next page, we have s2 = 32 + (y x)2 . Therefore 2s ds dy dx = 2(y x)( ). dt dt dt

Now at the moment when s = 5 miles, we have (y x) = 4 miles, dy = 120 miles per hour dt (note that the minus sign is chosen here because y is decreasing), and ds = 160 miles per dt hour. Substituting these values into the second equation and solve for dx , we have dx = 80 dt dt miles per hour.