Every PC motherboard has a battery.

That battery serves two purposes: to feed th e configuration memory (also called CMOS) and to feed the real time clock of the computer (the one that show the date and the time). An indication it is time to change the motherboardbattery is receiving one of th e following error messages when you turn on your computer: CMOS CHECKSUM FAILURE , CMOS BATTERY STATE LOW, CMOS SYSTEM OPTIONS NOT SET and CMOS TIME AND DATE NOT SET. Another indicator of a low battery is a clock that, after being set, runs well while the computer is on, but shows the wrong time when the computer is tur ned on the following day (it is late). Random-access memory (RAM) is a form of computer data storage. Today, it takes t he form of integrated circuits that allow stored data to be accessed in any orde r with a worst case performance of constant time he two main forms of modern RAM are static RAM (SRAM) and dynamic RAM (DRAM). In static RAM, a bit of data is stored using the state of a flip-flop. This form o f RAM is more expensive to produce, but is generally faster and requires less po wer than DRAM and, in modern computers, is often used as cache memory for the CP U. DRAM stores a bit of data using a transistor and capacitor pair, which togeth er comprise a memory cell. The capacitor holds a high or low charge (1 or 0, res pectively), and the transistor acts as a switch that lets the control circuitry on the chip read the capacitor's state of charge or change it. As this form of m emory is less expensive to produce than static RAM, it is the predominant form o f computer memory used in modern computers. Both static and dynamic RAM are considered volatile, as their state is lost or r eset when power is removed from the system. By contrast, Read-only memory (ROM) stores data by permanently enabling or disabling selected transistors, such that the memory cannot be altered. Writeable variants of ROM (such as EEPROM and fla sh memory) share properties of both ROM and RAM, enabling data to persist withou t power and to be updated without requiring special equipment. These persistent forms of semiconductor ROM include USB flash drives, memory cards for cameras an d portable devices, etc. As of 2007, NAND flash has begun to replace older forms of persistent storage, such as magnetic disks and tapes, while NOR flash is bei ng used in place of ROM in netbooks and rugged computers, since it is capable of true random access, allowing direct code execution. ECC memory (which can be either SRAM or DRAM) includes special circuitry to dete ct and/or correct random faults (memory errors) in the stored data, using parity bits or error correction code. In general, the term RAM refers solely to solid-state memory devices (either DRA M or SRAM), and more specifically the main memory in most computers. In optical storage, the term DVD-RAM is somewhat of a misnomer since, like CD-RW, a rewrite able DVD must be erased before it can be rewritten. n personal computers, a motherboard is the central printed circuit board (PCB) i n many modern computers and holds many of the crucial components of the system, providing connectors for other peripherals. The motherboard is sometimes alterna tively known as the mainboard, system board, or, on Apple computers, the logic b oard.[1] It is also sometimes casually shortened to mobo.[2]