PATHOPHYSIOLOGY

Predisposing -Living or traveling in tropical areas Precipitating -Environmental conditions (open spaces with water pots, and plants) -Immunocompromise -Mosquito carrying dengue virus -Sweaty skin

Bite of a virus carrying aedes mosquito

Redness & itchiness in the area

Mosquito injects fluid to victims skin Virus enters blood stream Infects cell and generate cellular response Initiates immune response (stimulates release of cytokines) Cytokines destroys cell membrane and cell wall (viral antigens found in monocytes)

Dengue infection

Fever

anorexia
August 19

Thrombocytopenia Platelet 97000 L Au Positive tourniquet test August 21

Increased vascular permeability

A
Hemoconcentration

Leakage of plasma (Dehydration) August 19 Au Hypovolemia August 22

Hypotension

August 22

Predisposing/Precipitating Factors Living or Travelling in a Tropical or Subtropical place. Being in tropical and subtropical areas around the world especially in high-risk areas, such as tropical Asia, Central and South America, and the Caribbean increases your risk of exposure to the virus that causes dengue fever. Dengue virus transmission occurs year-round, although the risk is highest during a recognized dengue fever outbreak. In tropical and subtropical places rainy season is more often resulting to possible additional stagnant water to facilitate habitation of mosquitoes. Younger Age. Children are more at risk for acquiring the disease because their immune systems is not as mature as the adults do. Their immune system will not protect them as well as the adult. Environmental Condition. Open sewers, or any uncovered place that is filled with non-flowing water is a favorable habitat for Aedes Aegypti mosquito. An increase in the habitat for mosquitoes results to an increase in population of Aedes Aegypti. An increase in the number of Aedes Aegypti increases the opportunity of those carrying the virus that would result to dengue.

Mosquitoes undergo complete metamorphosis; they go through four distinct stages of development during a lifetime. The four stages are egg, pupa, larva, and adult. The full life-cycle of a mosquito takes about a month. Eggs: After drinking blood, adult females lay a raft of 40 to 400 tiny white eggs in standing water or very slow-moving water. Larvae: Within a week, the eggs hatch into larvae (sometimes called wrigglers) that breathe air through tubes which they poke above the surface of the water. Larvae eat bits of floating organic matter and each other. Larvae molt four times as they grow; after the fourth molt, they are called pupae. Pupae: Pupae (also called tumblers) also live near the surface of the water, breathing through two horn-like tubes (called siphons) on their back. Pupae do not eat. Adult: An adult emerges from a pupa when the skin splits after a few days. The adult lives for only a few weeks.

http://www.enchantedlearning.com/subjects/insects/mosquito/lifecycle.shtml