Contents

Welcome to Nepal Nepal at a Glance Places to See Adventure & Eco Tourism in Nepal Festive Nepal Incentives and Conferences Information for Tourists Foreign Investment Policy and Feasible Project Areas Information Directory

3 4 7 35 52 57 60 72 76

Map of Nepal

China

India

Welcome to Nepal

The biggest natural museum in the world

epal is one of the richest countries in the world in terms of bio-diversity due to its unique geographical position and latitudinal variation. The elevation of the country ranges from 60m above sea level to the highest point on earth, Mt. Everest at 8,848 m, all within a distance of 150 km with climatic conditions ranging from subtropical to arctic. This wild variation fosters an incredible variety of ecosystems, the greatest mountain range on earth, thick tropical jungles teeming with a wealth of wildlife, thundering rivers, forested hills and frozen valleys. Within this spectacular geography is also one of the richest cultural landscapes anywhere. The country is a potpourri of ethnic groups and sub-groups who speak over 70 languages and dialects. Nepal offers an astonishing diversity of sightseeing attractions and adventure opportunities found nowhere else on earth. And you can join in the numerous annual festivals that are celebrated throughout the year in traditional style highlighting enduring customs and beliefs. We are glad to extend our warm hospitality and hope your stay in Nepal is a memorable one. If you have any queries or comments, please feel free to contact us at the Nepal Tourism Board. Tourists are advised to avail services from registered agencies only.

NEPAL TOURISM BOARD

Tourist Service Center, Bhrikuti Mandap, Kathmandu Tel: 977-1-256909, 256229. Fax: 977-1-256910 Email: info@ntb.wlink.com.np

NEPAL TOURISM BOARD

Tourist Information Counter Tribhuvan International Airport (Arrival) Tel: 977-1-470537 Email: airport_ntb@.wlink.com.np

Website: www.welcomenepal.com
3

Nepaloccupying only 0.1% of the earthis home to:

u u u u u u

2% of all the flowering plants in the world; 8% of the worlds population of birds (more than 848 species); 4% of mammals on earth; 11 of the worlds 14 families of butterflies (more than 500 species); 600 indigenous plant families; 319 species of exotic orchids.

Nepal at a Glance AREA : 147,181 sq. km GEOGRAPHY : Situated between China in the north and India in the south. CAPITAL : Kathmandu POPULATION : 22 Million LANGUAGE : Nepali is the national language. However, traveltrade people understand and speak English as well. CURRENCY : Nepalese Rupee (Approximately US$ 1 equals Rs. 72.90 as of October 2000). POLITICAL SYSTEM : Multi-party democracy with constitutional monarchy
RELIGION

Nepal enjoys the distinction of being the only Hindu Kingdom in the world. However, there is a harmonious blending of Hinduism and Buddhism.
GEOGRAPHY

Nepal, a sovereign independent Kingdom, is bounded on the north by the Tibetan Autonomous Region of the People's Republic of China, and on the east, south and west by India. The length of the Kingdom is 885km east-west and its breadth varies from 145-241km northsouth. The country can be divided into three main geographical regions.
4

Himalayan Region: The altitude of this region ranges between 4,877m.-8,848m. It includes eight of the 14 highest summits in the world which exceed an altitude of 8,000m including Everest, Annapurna, Dhaulagiri and others. Mountain Region: This region accounts for about 68% of the total land area. It is formed by the Mahabharat range that soars up to 4,877m and the lower Churia range. Terai Region: The low-land Terai occupies about 17% of the total land area of the country.

HISTORY

Nepal has always been an independent and sovereign country with glorious history, culture and tradition that date back to time immemorial. Before the campaign of national integration was launched by King Prithvi Narayan Shah, the Great, the Kathmandu Valley was ruled by the Malla Kings, whose contributions to art and culture are indeed great and unique. In 1768 AD, the Shah dynasty ascended the throne of the unified Kingdom. His Majesty King Birendra Bir Bikram Shah Dev is the tenth King in the Shah dynasty. The new Democratic Constitution of the Kingdom was promulgated on November 9, 1990. Nepal is one of the founder members of South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC).
5

060

PEOPLE

Nepal has a population of more than 22 million people made of different races and ethnic groups living in different regions, with diverse culture, languages and dialects. The Gurungs and Magars live mainly in the west. The Rais, Limbus and Sunwars inhabit the slopes and valleys of the eastern mid hills. The Sherpas live in the Himalayan region. The Newars constitute an important ethnic group of the capital valley-Kathmandu. There are Tharus, Yadavas, Satars, Rajvanshis and Dhimals in the Terai region. The Brahmins, Chhetris and Thakuris are generally spread over all parts of the Kingdom. Average Temperature and Rainfall in Kathmandu Month Minimum Maximum Rainfall o o C C (in mm) January 2.7 17.5 47 February 2.2 21.6 11 March 6.9 25.5 5 April 8.6 30.0 5 May 15.6 29.7 146 June 18.9 29.4 135 July 19.5 28.1 327 August 19.2 29.5 206 September 18.6 28.6 199 October 13.3 28.6 42 November 6.0 23.7 0 December 1.9 20.7 1

PLACES TO SEE

Kathmandu Valley The Valley is situated at an altitude of 1,336 m above sea level and covers an area of 218 sq. miles. The rich tapestry of the cultural heritage of Nepal is synthesized in the Kathmandu Valley, the home of the ancient and sophisticated Newari culture. The Newars are the indigenous inhabitants of the Valley and the creators of the splendid civilization of its three cities - Kathmandu, Patan and Bhaktapur. The skillfully-built temples and palaces, delicately-engraved stone and metal images, carved wooden columns and pillars, and the history laden shrines and chaityas of these three historical cities stand testimony to the Newar's artistic achievements.

KATHMANDU

Machchendranath Temple: The temple of Sweta Machchhendranath is situated at Machchhendra Bahal between Indra Chowk and Asan. It is a pagoda of considerable artistic beauty. The deity is also called Janmadyo or Machchhendra. Akash Bhairav Temple: A three-story temple in the main market avenue, called Indra Chowk, the image of Akash Bhairav is displayed outside for a week during Indra Jatra, the festival of Indra, the God of Rain.

Hanumandhoka (Kathmandu Durbar Square): It is the historic seat of royalty. The Durbar Square, with its old temples and palaces, epitomizes the religious and cultural life of the people. It is here that kings of Nepal are crowned and their coronations solemnized. Interesting things to see here are: Taleju Temple built by King Mahendra Malla in 1549 AD, the temple of Kal Bhairav, the God of destruction, Nautalle Durbar, Coronation Nasal Chowk, the Gaddi Baithak, the statue of King Pratap Malla, the Big Drum and the Jagannath Temple. It was listed in the UNESCO World Heritage Monument List in 1979. On the right hand corner, a large wooden lattice screen hides an enormous gilded face of Sweta Bhairav. The screen is removed only during the Indra Jatra festival.
8

There are also the Numismatic Museum and Tribhuvan Museum inside the Hanuman Dhoka Palace building. Photography is prohibited inside the museums. Both the museums remain closed on Tuesdays and government holidays. Temple of Kumari (Kumari Ghar): Kumari (Vestal Virgin), or the Living Goddess, who represents a very ancient Hindu deity of Nepal locally known as Taleju, is Buddhist by birth. The temple of Kumari is situated in the vicinity of Hanuman Dhoka Palace. The building has intricately carved wooden balconies and window screens. The Kumari acknowledges greetings from her balcony window. Once a year, during Indra Jatra festival, the King of Nepal seeks the Kumari's blessing. Kasthamandap: Located near the temple of Kumari, it is said to have been built by King Laxmi Narsingha Malla in the beginning of the sixteenth century. It is said to be constructed from the wood of a single tree. The city of Kathmandu derives its name from this temple. Ashok Vinayak: The small but very important temple of Ashok Vinayak is situated behind the Kasthamandap. It is also known as Kathmandu Ganesh or Maru Ganesh. Jaishi Dewal: A five-minute walk from Kasthmandap is the Shiva Temple of Jaishi Dewal which is famous for its erotic carvings. It is still one of the main routes of the chariot festival of Indra Jatra and other festivals. Tundikhel: A huge green field known as Tundikhel flanks one entire side of the old city. Some of the important landmarks of the Kathmandu Valley are located in the periphery of this area. At the south-western end of Tundikhel is a 59.29m. tower built by Prime Minister Bhimsen Thapa in 1832 A. D. known as Dharahara or Bhimsen Stambha. The Sundhara fountains with golden water spouts, situated at the foot of this great tower, also belong to the same period.

Martyr's Memorial (Sahid) Gate: It is located between Bhimsen Stambha and Bhadrakali temple. The memorial arch contains the statue of the late King Tribhuvan Bir Bikram Shah Dev and the busts of four martyrs. Bhadrakali Temple: At the eastern edge of the Tundikhel, near Shahid Gate, stands the temple of goddess Bhadrakali. This temple is also known as Lumarhi temple and is one of the main "Shakta" temples of Kathmandu city. Singha Durbar: A grand imposing palace built in the neo-classical style, Singha Durbar was the private residence of a Rana Prime Minister. Now it is the Secretariat of His Majesty's Government of Nepal.

Narayanhity Durbar: It is the present Royal Palace. A famous historic water spout called Narayanhity is situated at the southern corner of the Palace. Foreigners are allowed to visit the Royal Palace on Thursdays from 13:00 hrs - 15:00 hrs. Kaisar Library: Located inside the premises of the Ministry of Education, Kaisar library is a great center of rare and valuable books and manuscripts. It is open for the public except on Saturdays and other government holidays. The library is open from 9:00 hrs - 17:00 hrs in
10

the summer months and from 9:00hrs. - 16:00hrs. in winter. Budhanilkantha: About 8km north of Kathmandu, at the base of Shivapuri hill is a remarkable colossal statue of Lord Vishnu, reclining on a bed of snakes. This is one of the masterpieces of stone sculptures of the Lichchhavi period. This fifth century statue is in the middle of a small pond and seems to float in water. Balaju Water Gardens: Situated about 5km northwest of Kathmandu, Balaju Garden features fountains with 22 crocodile-headed water spouts dating from the eighteenth century. There is also an large swimming pool inside the park. Swayambhunath: This is one of the world's most glorious Buddhist Chaityas. It is said to be 2,000 years old. Painted on the four sides of the spires base are the all-seeing eyes of Lord Buddha. It is 3km west of Kathmandu city and is situated on a hillock about 77m above the level of the Kathmandu Valley and hence commands an excellent view of the Valley. This Stupa is the oldest of its kind in Nepal. It was listed in the UNESCO World Heritage Monument List in 1979. The National Museum: Located about 2km west of Kathmandu, the National Museum has a splendid collection of weapons and artifacts from ancient, medieval and modern Nepal. Its archaeological and
11

historical displays are worth seeing. The museum is closed on Sunday/Monday and government holidays. Entry fee for SAARC nationals is Rs. 10 and for other foreign tourists is Rs. 50. Natural History Museum: Situated 3km west of Kathmandu city behind the famous Swayambhunath hillock. This museum has a unique collection of butterflies, fish, reptiles, birds, mammals, plants and a variety of fossils collected within the country. Photography inside the museum is prohibited. Pashupatinath Temple: Situated 5km east of Kathmandu, the temple of Lord Shiva, Pashupatinath, with two tiered golden roof and silver door is considered one of the holiest shrines for Hindus. Although only Hindus are allowed inside the temple, visitors can clearly see the temple and the activities performed in the temple premises from the eastern bank of the Bagmati river. The Temple was listed in the UNESCO World Heritage Monument List in 1979. Guheswari Temple: Near Pashupatinath Temple is another historic and holy temple of Guheswari. Only Hindus are allowed to enter the temple courtyard. Chabahil: The lovely Stupa of Chabahil is believed to have been built by Charumati, the daughter of the Indian Emperor Ashok, in the third century BC. There are ancient statues around the Stupa.

Darkness wraps around Kathmandu Durbar Square at dusk. 12

Chandra Vinayak: The temple of Chandra Vinayak is situated about 200m north of Chabahil stupa. This double tiered brass-roofed temple houses a tiny image of Lord Ganesh, the elephant headed god. Bouddhanath: The Stupa of Bouddhanath lies 8km east of Kathmandu. This ancient colossal Stupa is one of the biggest in the world, and the center of Tibetan Buddhism in the world. It was listed in the UNESCO World Heritage Monument List in 1979. Entrance fee at Bouddhanath for SAARC (South Asian) nationals is Rs.15 and for other foreigners Rs. 50. Gokarna: This lovely Royal Games Sanctuary, also known as Gokarna Safari Park, lies about 10 km northeast of Kathmandu. Many wild animals such as spotted deer can be viewed in the sanctuary. On the northern

13

side of Gokarna, is a pagoda of Gokarneshwor Mahadev. Sankhu: It is a typical Newari town, with many fine old buildings and temples. Beyond the village, upon a long flight of stone stairs, is Bajra Jogini, a historical temple, which offers beautiful view of the local area. Sundarijal: It is famous for its scenic beauty. There are magnificent waterfalls, cataracts and rock formations. It is an ideal picnic spot, just a short hike away from the motorable road. Kirtipur: It is a small town, 8km southwest of Kathmandu and situated atop a hill. Tribhuvan University, Nepal's premier seat of education, is located at the foothills of Kirtipur. This historic town has many things to offer like old shrines and temples and old houses. Some of the folks are typically dressed in traditional costumes, and can be spotted working on looms. Chobhar: Situated 9km southwest of Kathmandu, this place is famous for its gorge. All the water of the Valley drains through it. There is a small but picturesque temple of Adinath on the top of a hill from where one can take in a panoramic view of snow-capped mountain peaks. Shekha Narayan: Situated between Chobhar and Dakshinkali the temple of Shekha Narayan represents one of the four Narayans of the Kathmandu Valley. The other three Narayans are Changu Narayan of Bhaktapur, Visankhu Narayan of Patan and lchangu Narayan of Kathmandu. Dakshinkali: The temple of Dakshinkali is situated about two km south of Shekha Narayan. Dakshinkali is regarded as one of most important Hindu goddesses. Pilgrims visit this temple to offer their prayers and animal sacrifices are made to the goddess. This place is also a popular picnic spot.

14

Royal Bath of Sundari Chowk in Patan

PATAN

The ancient city of Patan, lying 5km southeast of Kathmandu, is known as the city of fine arts. The city is full of Hindu temples and Buddhist monuments. The diversity of the medieval culture that allowed both Hinduism and Buddhism to flourish has left a rich legacy of impressive sightseeing in this city for today's visitors. Patan Durbar Square, situated in the heart of the city, constitutes the focus of visitors' attraction. The Square is full of ancient palaces, temples and shrines, noted for their exquisite carvings. The Patan Durbar Square consists of three main chowks or courtyards, the Central Mul Chowk, Sundari Chowk and Keshar Narayan Chowk. The Sundari Chowk holds in its center a masterpiece of stone architecture, the Royal Bath called Tushahity. It was listed in the UNESCO World Heritage Monument List in 1979. Patan Museum: This museum inside the Durbar Square specializes in bronze statues and religious objects. Its is considered one of the best museums in Asia. Opens daily from 9:00 am to 5:00 pm. Entrance fee Rs. 120 for other foreign visitors and Rs. 30 for SAARC nationals. It is closed only for 3 days during Dashain and for 3 days during Tihar. Krishna Mandir: Built in 1637 AD, the temple of Lord Krishna holds a commanding position in the palace
15

complex of Patan. It is supposed to be the first specimen of Shikhara style architecture in Nepal. It is the only temple in Nepal having 21 spires and is completely made of stone. Mahabouddha: A little further east from Patan Durbar Square lies this Buddhist temple made of clay bricks in which thousands of images of Lord Buddha are engraved. The terra-cotta structure is one of the fourteenth century Nepalese architectural masterpieces. Hiranya Varna Mahavihar: Located inside Kwabadehal, this three-story golden pagoda of Lokeshwor (Lord Buddha) was built in the twelfth century by King Bhaskar Verma. It is famous as the Golden Temple. Inside the upper story of the pagoda, are the golden images of Lord Buddha and a large prayer wheel. Kumbheshwor: This five-tiered temple of Lord Shiva was built during the reign of King Jayasthiti Malla. On the Janai Poornima day in August, a fair is held in Kumbheshwor. Jagatnarayan Temple: This tall, imposing temple of Lord Vishnu is situated at Sankhmul. The temple has many fine stone images and an artistic metal statue of Garuda on a stone pillar. Rudra Varna Mahavihar: This unique Buddhist monastery contains an amazing collection of images and statues in metal, stone and wood. It is believed that the kings in the ancient times were crowned in this monastery. Many of the treasures offered by the devotees can be seen here even today.

16

The Ashokan Stupas: There are four ancient stupas popularly believed to have been built in 250 BC by Emperor Ashoka at the four cardinal directions of Patan. The four stupas are situated in Pulchok, Lagankhel, Ebahi and in Teta (way to Sano Gaon) respectively. These stupas are evidence of the city's ancient religious importance. Achheswor Mahavihar: It was established towards the beginning of the 17th century by one Achheshwor who built a temple to house an idol of Lord Buddha. The Mahavihar has recently been reconstructed. Situated behind the Ashokan Stupa at Pulchok, the Mahavihar commands a beautiful view of the Kathmandu Valley. Temple of Machchendranath and Minnath: The pagoda of Red Machchendranath built in 1408 AD is situated in Tabahal. For six months, the deity is taken to its other shrine in Bungmati. The temple of Minnath is situated in Tangal on the way to Tabahal. The Zoo: Situated at Jawalakhel, the zoo has many animals, birds and reptiles in its collection representing mostly the Himalayan fauna. There is a beautiful pond built in the 17th century. Patan Industrial Estate: Patan Industrial Estate is

Photo Caption 17

situated at Lagankhel in Lalitpur (Patan) near Sat Dobato. This industrial estate is well known for Nepali handicrafts such as wood carvings, metal craft, carpets and thangka paintings. For the convenience of tourists, there is a shopping arcade where all the handicraft products are exhibited.

Bajra Barahi: Situated in a small wooded park, it is about 10km south of Patan near the village of Chapagaon. A visit to Tika Bhairav and Lele from here is worthwhile. Godavari: Situated at the foothills of Phulchowki, the Royal Botanical Garden of Godavari has splendid natural beauty. The road from Patan city runs to Godavari to the southeast, passing through the small old towns of Harisiddhi, Thaiba and Badegaun. The only botanical garden in Nepal, it is open daily including weekends and government holidays. Phulchowki: Located about 10km southeast of Patan, this 2,758m hill, is a good spot for hiking. A Buddhist shrine is situated on the top of the hill which can be reached through a jeepable road.

18

BHAKTAPUR (BHADGAON)

Situated at an altitude of 1,401m, Bhaktapur covers an area of four square miles. Bhaktapur or the City of Devotees still retains a medieval charm and visitors to this ancient town are treated to myriad wonders of cultural and artistic achievements. The past glory of the Malla rulers continues to be reflected at the Durbar Square. Pottery and weaving are its traditional industries. Bhaktapur is famous for woodcarving and the Bhadgaolen topi or cap. The city lies about 14 km east of Kathmandu and can be reached by public transport and by trolley buses. Bhaktapur Durbar Square: The Golden Gate is the entrance to the main courtyard of the Palace of 55 Windows. Built by King Ranjit Malla, the gate is one of the most beautiful and richly carved specimens of its kind in the entire world. This gate is embellished with deities and monsters with marvelous intricacy. The Palace of 55 Windows was built in 1700 AD. Among the brick walls in their gracious setting and sculptural design, is a balcony of 55 windows. This balcony is a masterpiece of wood carving. The stone temple of Batsala Devi which is also located in the Durbar Square is full of intricate carvings. This temple also sets a beautiful example of Shikhara style architecture in Nepal. There is a bronze bell on the terrace of the temple which is also known as the "Bell of Barking Dogs". This colossal bell, placed in 1737 AD, was rung to signal curfew during those days.
19

Superior artistry of the Golden Gate at Bhaktapur

The main square of the city contains innumerable temples and other architectural showpieces like the Lion Gate, the Statue of King Bhupatindra Malla, the Picture Gallery, the Batsala temple, etc. A magnificent statue of King Bhupatindra Malla in the act of worship is placed on a column facing the palace. It was listed in the UNESCO World Heritage Monument List in 1979. As per Bhaktapur Municipality from 1 Jan. 2001, entrance fee of Rs. 750 per person for foreigners and Rs. 50 per person for SAARC nationals is charged. Children under 12 years of age will not be charged. The National Art Gallery: Contains ancient and medieval paintings belonging to Hindu and Buddhist schools depicting Tantrism of various periods and descriptions. Nyatapola Temple: This five-story pagoda was built in 1702 AD by King Bhupatindra Malla. It stands on a five-terraced platform. On each of the terraces squat a pair of figures. This is one of the tallest pagodas and is famous for its massive structure and subtle workmanship. Bhairavnath Temple: This temple was first built as a one-story pagoda but was later changed into a threestorey temple in 1718 AD by King Bhupatindra Malla. The temple is noted for its artistic grandeur. It is dedicated to Lord Bhairav - the God of terror.
20

Dattatraya Temple: Built in 1427 AD, this temple is said to have been built from the trunk of a single tree. Near this temple is a monastery with exquisitely carved peacock windows. Dattratraya Square: The Square takes its name from the Dattrataya Temple. The Square is famous for ornate monasteries known as Maths. The National Woodworking Museum and the Brass and Bronze Museum are housed here. Surya Vinayak: Situated in a beautiful surrounding of Bhadgaon, the temple of Ganesh is placed in a sylvan setting to catch the first rays of the rising sun. It is a good picnic spot flanked by many attractive landscapes. Thimi: Thimi is a farming town situated 8km east of Kathmandu on the way to Bhaktapur. Thimi is famous for earthen pots, home spun cotton cloth and artistic masks.
CHANGU NARAYAN

Situated at the end of a long ridge which runs well into the Valley, it is said to have been built by King Hari Dutta in 323 AD and said to be the oldest temple in the Valley. It was listed in the UNESCO World Heritage Monument List in 1979.
KHOKANA

Khokana is a Newar farming village lying 7 km south of the Ring Road that encircles the two cities of Kathmandu and Patan. The village begins with a wide cobbled street and in the middle of the main street lies the temple of Shekali Mai, Kokhana's local mother Goddess. Khokana is famous for mustard oil, which is still made the traditional way, and spun woollen yarn.
NAGARKOT

Nagarkot is a popular tourist resort of Nepal. It is

21

situated 32 km east of Kathmandu at an altitude of 2,175 m above sea level. The panorama of the major peaks of the eastern Nepal Himalaya including Sagarmatha (Mt. Everest) can be seen from here. Nagarkot is famous for sunrise and sunset viewing.
KAKANI

Located 29km northwest of Kathmandu city, the fabulous holiday area of Kakani features attractions ranging from beautiful alpine scenery to the magnificent Himalayan panorama particularly of the Ganesh Himal massif. Other peaks that can be closely seen from Kakani are: Gaurishankar (7,134m), Choba Bhamre (6,109m), Manaslu (8,163m), Himalchuli (7,893m), Annapurna (8,091m), and several other peaks.
GOSAINKUNDA

One of the most famous pilgrimage destinations of Nepal is Gosainkunda lake which is situated at an altitude of about 4,360m. The best approach to Gosainkunda is through Dhunche, 132km to the northeast of Kathmandu. Dhunche is linked with Kathmandu by a motorable road. Surrounded by high mountains on the north and the south, the lake is grand and picturesque. There are other nine famous lakes such as Saraswati, Bhairav, Sourya, Ganesh Kunda etc.

22

DHULIKHEL

This ancient town is situated 30km east of Kathmandu on the side of the Arniko Rajmarga (Kathmandu-Kodari Highway). The Newar town of Dhulikhel offers a traditional atmosphere along with spectacular views. Once an important link in the ancient trade route to Tibet, Dhulikhel has a glorious past which can be seen in the lovely buildings and intricate wood carvings in the shop-lined streets and temples. Pleasant climate (even during summer) is big attraction at Dhulikhel.
PANAUTI

It is a thriving Newari village with beautiful temples and interesting old houses. The drive passes through the beautiful countryside.
NAMO BUDDHA

It is situated on a hill above Panauti. It requires an easy drive or good walk to get there. There is an amazing legend related to the Buddha which is commemorated by an ancient stone slab and a stupa with the all-seeing eyes of Lord Buddha.
TIMAL NARAYAN

The route from Dhulikhel to Timal Narayan is ideal for a short trek. From here one can have a beautiful view of Gaurishankar Himal and other important peaks
23

as well as the Sunkoshi river. A pleasant option is to visit the village of the Tamang people in this area.
PALANCHOWK BHAGAWATI

It is a 42km, one hour drive from Kathmandu to Palanchowk on the Arniko Highway (Highway to Tibet border). This noted historic temple of goddess Kali is located at a hilltop some 7km north of Panchkhal. One can really enjoy the panoramic view of the landscape from this spot. This temple is said to have been constructed during the reign of King Man Dev. The temple houses a three feet high idol of goddess Bhagwati (Kali) artistically carved in a black stone which is one of the best examples of such intricate workmanship.
CHARIKOT

Situated about 133km from Kathmandu, Charikot provides a spectacular view of Mt. Gaurishanker. In the eastern upper part of Dolakha township, there is a famous roofless temple of Dolakha Bhimsen.

A shepherd watches his sheep in Panch Pokhari, Gosainkunda HELAMBU

Helambu, situated about 72km northeast of Kathmandu, is famous for its scenic grandeur and pleasant climate. There are many Buddhist monasteries amidst a rich and enchanting landscape. Sundarijal, the starting point to trek to Helambu, is a mere 11km away from Kathmandu. A four-five hour drive from Kathmandu
24

by a motorable road leads to Melamchi. Tarkegyang and Sermathan should not be missed.
GORKHA

Gorkha is the birthplace of King Prithvi Narayan Shah the Great, the founder of modern Nepal. Situated on a hill overlooking the snowy peaks of the Himalaya is a beautiful old palace known as Gorkha Durbar. There are two attractive temples of Gorakhanth and Kali inside the palace precinct. Gorkha can be reached in about six hours by road from Kathmandu and four hours from Pokhara. A side trip to Manakamana temple on the way to Gorkha is very enjoyable and interesting.
TATOPANI

Tatopani is a small village in a picturesque setting. The hot springs of Tatopani are famous for their curative powers. A bungy jumping site is a few km away. There is a beautiful resort as well.
MUKTINATH AND JOMSOM

It is believed that all miseries/sorrows are relieved once you visit this temple (Mukti=Nirvana, Nath=God). The famous temple of Lord Muktinath lies in the district of Mustang and is situated about 18km northeast of Jomsom at an altitude of about 3,749m. The main shrine is a pagoda shaped temple dedicated to Lord Vishnu.

25

Set into the wall around it are 108 water spouts from which pour holy water. The temple is situated on a high mountain range and is visited during fair weather. There are two ways to get to Muktinath from Kathmandu. Either take a direct flight from Kathmandu via Pokhara to Jomsom and hike for a 7-8 hours via Kagbeni or to trek all the way from Pokhara which takes 7-8 days. It is believed that one should visit this temple after competing pilgrimages of four Dhams in India. This temple held sacred by Hindus as well as Buddhists. The Jwala Mai temple nearby contains a spring and an eternal flame fed by natural gas underground. Jomsom is a major center in the Annapurna region. There is a world-class accommodation facility in Jomsom from where one can enjoy remarkable natural beauty.
POKHARA VALLEY

Pokhara, an enchanting city nestled in the tranquil valley (827m), is the starting point for many of Nepal's most popular trekking and rafting destinations. The serenity of Phewa Lake and the magnificence of the

fish-tail summit of Machchhapuchhre (6,977m) rising behind it create an ambience of peace and magic. The valley surrounding Pokhara is home to thick forests, gushing rivers, clear lakes and the world famous views of the Himalaya. Situated 200 km west of Kathmandu, Pokhara is connected by air as well as by road from
26

Kathmandu and Bhairawa, a border town near India. Pokhara offers magnificent views of Dhaulagiri, Manaslu, Machchhapuchhre, five peaks of Annapurna and others.
TANSEN

Situated at an altitude of 1,343m, Tansen is the most popular summer resort in western Nepal on account of its position and climate. It has the most extensive views of the country's chief attraction, the Himalaya from Dhaulagiri in the west to Gaurishankar in the northeast. It takes just seven hours by bus from Pokhara to reach Tansen.
LUMBINI

Lumbini, the birthplace of Siddhartha Gautam, the Shakya prince and the ultimate Buddha, the Enlightened One, is the pilgrimage destination of the world's millions of people faithful to all schools of Buddhism. This nativity site, identified by Indian Emperor Ashoka's commemorative pillar is listed as a World Heritage Site by UNESCO. The main attraction at the Lumbini remains the Sacred Garden spread over 8sq km and possessing all the treasures of the historic area. The Mayadevi temple is the main attraction for pilgrims and archaeologists alike. Here we find a bas relief of Mayadevi, the Buddha's mother giving birth to him. Standing west
27

to the Mayadevi shrine is the oldest monument of Nepal, the Ashokan Pillar. The pillar was erected by Emperor Ashoka in 249BC to commemorate his pilgrimage to the sacred site. To the south of the pillar, we find the sacred pond, Puskarni, where Queen Mayadevi had taken a bath just before giving birth to the Buddha. There are other places of interest too nearby. It is accessible by air from Kathmandu to Bhairawa. From Kathmandu it takes about eight hours by bus or car.
CHITWAN

Chitwan is one of the finest national parks in Asia, renowned for its dense concentration of wildlife and top class tourist lodges, which provide the opportunity to see animals in their natural habitat. Chitwan which means the 'heart of the jungle' is among the last surviving examples of the continuous band of forests and grasslands which once extended from the Indus river in Pakistan to the Burmese border. The main attraction here is the Royal Chitwan National Park, one of the largest forest regions in Asia teeming with wildlife such as the rare great one-horned rhinoceros, several species of deer, sloth bear, leopard, wild boar, fresh water dolphin, crocodile, more than 350 species of birds and the elusive Royal Bengal tiger. Royal Chitwan National Park is listed in the UNESCO World Heritage Site (natural) list. Visitors to Chitwan may enjoy elephant back excursions, nature walks, canoe trips and jungle treks. There are several authorized agencies to organize such

28

safaris. Visitors may also take a river raft, first driving from Kathmandu to the river Trishuli or Seti Khola. The five-hour drive to Chitwan (165km overland) from Kathmandu is filled with thrilling views of the hills, rivers and plains with jungles on either side.
DAMAN

For those seeking the ultimate pan-Himalayan view, Daman is the place to go. Located 80km southwest of the Kathmandu Valley, Daman (2,400m) offers the only unimpeded view of the entire Himalayan range. Daman is located on the Tribhuvan Highway between Kathmandu and the town of Birgunj. There is a view tower fitted with long range telescopes. Daman can be reached in four hours from Kathmandu.
NAMCHE BAZAAR

The name of Namche Bazaar is generally associated with that of Sagarmatha or Mt. Everest, the highest point on earth. It is the entrance to the Everest region. Namche Bazaar is about 241km from Kathmandu and the distance is generally covered within 15 days by trekking. Nowhere else can you immerse yourself so totally among the highest mountains on earth and travel among the legendary Sherpas. One can fly from Kathmandu to Lukla or Syangboche in the Everest region. Accommodations are available at Lukla, Namche Bazaar, Thyangboche, Pangboche, Pheriche, Lobuche and Gorakhshep.
JANAKPUR

A great religious place, Janakpur is famous as the birthplace of Sita, the consort of Lord Ram. There is an artistic marble temple of Sita (Janaki), popularly known
29

as Naulakha Mandir. Religious festivals, trade fairs and other festivities are held here on Bivaha Panchami and Ram Navami. Janakpur is also linked with Kathmandu by air and road.

DHANUSADHAM

Dhanusadham lies in Janakpur zone in the Middle Development Region of Nepal. Dhanusa is a district of temples and hermitages where devotees of Lord Ram and Sita pay obeisance. There are many religious and tourist attractions such as Ram Mandir, Ganesh Mandir, Panchamukhi Hanuman Mandir, Baba Makhandada Kuti, etc. Other main attractions are the Dhanusha pond and several other ponds.
BIRATNAGAR

The second largest city of Nepal, Biratnagar has some of the largest industrial undertakings in the country. There are a couple of pilgrimage spots in Dharan and Barahachhetra nearby the city. Biratnagar is linked with Kathmandu by air and road.
BARAHACHHETRA

A few km from the main city of Biratnagar is Barahachhetra, a Hindu pilgrimage site, located at the confluence of the two rivers, the Saptakoshi and the Kokaha. There is a temple of Lord Baraha, the boar
30

A farmer takes his son for a ride in a mustard field

incarnation of Lord Vishnu. Historians have traced the existence of this image to the 12th century.
HILE

It is situated about 13km north of Dhankuta. The panorama of the major peaks of the eastern Himalaya including Sagarmatha (Mt. Everest), Makalu, Lhotse and Kumbhakarna can be viewed from here.
ANTU DANDA

It is situated at an altitude of 1,677m in Ilam district and is famous for the splendid views of Mt. Everest and Mt. Kanchenjunga that it commands. It is one of the best places for sunrise and sunset viewing.
BASANTAPUR

Basantapur lies in Koshi zone in eastern Nepal at an altitude of 2,323m. It is famous for its natural beauty, diverse culture, beautiful landscape and cool climate. Tinjure Danda in Basantapur is forested with Rhododendron trees. The place is ideal for sunset and
31

sunrise viewing and also for viewing the majestic Himalaya.

TANHU (PALPA)

Palpa lies in Lumbini zone in the western region of Nepal at an altitude of 2000m. Tanhu village has many attractions like natural beauty, farmlands and forests, great views of the Himalayan peaks such as Dhaulagiri, Annapurna and Machhapuchhare.
BANDIPUR

Located on a 1,000m ridge in Tanahu district some 140km from Kathmandu, Bandipur's hallmark is its beautiful scenery. At the eastern part of the town is the pagoda-roofed Bindabasini temple which houses goddess Durga, Bandipur's guardian deity. The rich wooden carvings and detailed brass-work that adorned the temple are replicas of those found in the many old pagoda structures of the Kathmandu Valley. The other important temples and shrines in the vicinity include the Mahalaxmi temple with its exquisite woodwork and the Khadga Devi temple which comes alive once a year during the Dasain festival.

DEVGHAT

Devghat is a popular pilgrimage spot situated at the confluence of the Kali Gandaki and Trisuli rivers. It lies
32

just north of the Royal Chitwan National Park. During the Makar Sakranti festival in January, Hindu devotees gather here to take holy dips in the river. There are a number of sacred and historic sites around Devghat which provide interesting side trips: the Triveni temple and Balmiki ashram where the great sage Balmiki had his retreat, the Someswar Kalika temple and fort, Pandavanag where the protagonists of the Mahabharat once lived and the Kabilaspur fort built by the old kings of Palpa.
NUWAKOT

Nuwakot lies 72km north of Kathmandu. Nuwakot has the nine forts of the region namely Belkot, Kalijkot, Malkot, Dhuwankot, Pyaskot, Simalkot, Dhaibunkot and Salynkot. Nuwakot bears a special importance in the history of Nepal as King Prithvi Narayan Shah planned and launched several unification campaigns from this historic town. A pagoda-style building popularly known as the seven storey Nuwakot Palace stands as the landmark of Nuwakot. The Bhairavi Temple is the center piece of local religious practice there. Another temple in Nuwakot, the Taleju temple is situated on a small hill in the middle of the town.
KHAPTAD

The Khaptad National Park covers 225 sq km of grassland and forested plateau. Khaptad Baba, a Hindu guru, lived here for many years. A 5km area in the park has been reserved for meditation and tranquility, where butchering, alcohol and tobacco are forbidden. The habitat at the park provides good cover for bear, leopard, common langur, musk deer as well as many species of birds. Herbs with medicinal properties and wild flowers grow in this national park.
SIRUBARI

Sirubari is a small village nestled on the southern slopes of a ridge at 1,700m above sea level. The height and aspect ensure a comfortable climate regardless of any season of the year. Pokhara, about 20km to the
33

northeast, is the nearest major center. The travel time for the average group to reach the village from Pokhara is about 5 hours, an experience in itself. The village which is inhabited entirely by the Gurung people, is small and compact with neat and clean trails connecting the mainly stone and slate built houses. Sirubari offers attractive valley views stretching away towards the Terai. A short walk above the village gives visitors a spectacular Himalayan panorama that is hard to rival from any viewpoint in the region. The living culture and tradition of the Gurungs blended with their rich hospitality make for an unforgettable experience for any one who visits Sirubari.

Mt. Amadablam

34

ADVENTURE AND ECO-TOURISM IN NEPAL

Nepal is considered one of the best adventure destinations in the world. Nepal's geography packs an extremely varied landscape into a small area. The immense contrasts in altitude and climates found here support a spectacular mix of lifestyles, vegetation and wildlife. Nepal is probably the only country in the world where you can climb the highest mountains in the world, trek in the scenic countryside with the icy pinnacles always in the background as well as enjoy jungle safari in forests, considered to be the densest in the entire South Asian region.

Enjoying breakfast around the Everest Region Mountaineering

The 800km stretch of the Nepal Himalaya is the greatest in the world with eight peaks that rise above 8,000m including the highest in the world, Mt. Everest. Ever since the country opened its peaks to climbers in 1949, the Nepal Himalaya has become a great theatre of mountaineering activity and the drama of success and failure have provided impetus to thousands of men and women to meet the ultimate challenge. The Nepal Himalaya has been an attraction to many people, be they saints, philosophers, researchers or adventurers.
35

Mountaineering Permit

All mountaineering teams desirous of obtaining a permit in Nepal, must submit an application in the form as prescribed, to the Ministry of Culture, Tourism & Civil Aviation, Mountaineering Section (Tel: 247041, 256228; Fax: 977-1-227281) enclosing therein a recommendation of the concerned government, or of a Mountaineering Association of its home country recognized by the International Mountaineering Association (U.I.A.A) or a recommendation of the Embassy of its home country for the Kingdom of Nepal, ordinarily four months prior to its proposed mountaineering expedition.
Nepal Mountaineering Association (NMA)

There are 18 peaks in the range of 6,500m and below, open for Alpine trekking under Nepal Mountaineering Association or NMA. It should be noted that in most cases the climbing of these peaks require snow and ice climbing experience. Detailed information and application for climbing permits are available from the Association's office at Nag Pokhari, Kathmandu (Tel: 434525, 435442, Fax: 434578, E-mail: peak@nma.wlink.com.np) or contact your trekking agency in Kathmandu.
Submission of Route Map for Mountaineering Expedition

Every mountaineering team, while submitting an application to the Ministry of Culture, Tourism & Civil Aviation, Mountaineering Section for a mountaineering permit, should submit a map, as prescribed which clearly depicts the caravan route and the expedition route.
Payment of Climbing Permit Fee (Royalty)

The leader of the expedition team is required to pay the full amount of climbing permit fee (royalty) within two months of the date of permission. In case of the failure of the payment of royalty within two months, such permission may be cancelled. The climbing permit fee (royalty) must be paid
36

directly in favor of the Ministry of Culture, Tourism & Civil Aviation, Mountaineering Section, either by bank draft or bank transfer to Nepal Rashtra Bank, Thapathali, Kathmandu, payable in convertible foreign currency.
Equipment for Expedition

His Majesty's Government may provide the following facilities to any mountaineering team which has obtained a permit for mountaineering expedition: a. To import and use temporarily, during the expedition such number of walkie-talkies not exceeding 12 and two sets of wireless having the capacity to communicate between the base camp and the nearest police station or the place where the means of telecommunication is available on the condition that such sets shall be taken back to the home country of the team after the end of the expedition. b. Partial exemption of customs duty on the goods and materials imported for the expedition. c. Two sets of wireless having the capacity to communicate between the base camp and the capital city Kathmandu, provided the mountaineering team desirous to use such facility shall have to hand over one of the two sets of wireless to the Ministry of Culture, Tourism & Civil Aviation, Mountaineering Section, for its use during the continuation of the expedition.
Altitude Sickness

Altitude Sickness, often known as Acute Mountain Sickness or AMS, if not treated when symptoms first appear, can lead to death. It is the effect of altitude on those who ascend too rapidly to elevations above 3,000m. Early mountain sickness will manifest itself in headache, loss of appetite and sleeplessness. Do not ignore these warnings otherwise more serious symptoms can occur which can even cause death sometimes within a few hours. Being young, strong and fit does not help. Medicine is no substitute for descent. If a doctor is available, he may give medicine and oxygen. However, the patient must go down even if given treatment. If
37

you travel in Khumbu region you can contact hospitals at Khunde and Pheriche and if you travel to Manang you can contact Manang hospital for altitude sickness and information. Doctors are available there during trekking season.
Mountaineering Regulation

The royalty and the size of the Expedition Team: 1. More than one team may be permitted to climb Sagarmatha (Mt. Everest) by a separate route each in one season. 2. A Royalty of US$ 50,000 has been fixed for Sagarmatha for a team consisting of seven members. The team may include 5 more members provided it pays extra US$ 10,000 for each additional member. The royalty includes trekking fee of the team members. The team members will be granted a three months visa. Additional, US$ 20,000 will have to be paid by the team willing to scale Mt. Everest by normal south-east ridge route. 3. In all regions including Khumbu, an expedition team can have up to 7 members for the minimum royalty, and 5 more members for the additional royalty. 4 The team already permitted to scale Mt. Everest will have to pay US$ 10,000 if it intends to change the ascent route. It will have to pay additional US$ 20,000, if it intends to change the ascent route to normal south east ridge route 5 For peaks other than Mt. Everest, the team will have to pay an additional 25% of the royalty in US Dollars to change the ascent route. 6 The expedition team must complete all necessary administrative formalities and procedures in order to send back the garbage of the expedition to their respective countries, after the completion of the expedition. The Ministry of Culture, Tourism and Civil Aviation will take necessary monetary deposit from them, which will be
38

refunded after the dispatch of the garbage from Nepal. Mountaineering Royalty (in US$)
Classification of Peaks (excluding Mt. Everest) For expedition including up to 7 members For each additional member exceeding 7 members up to a total of 12 members in a team

Peaks Peaks Peaks Peaks Peaks

over 8,000 m. of 7501-8000 m. of 7001-7500 m. of 6501-7000 m. below 6501 m.

10,000 4,000 3,000 2,000 15,00

1500 500 400 300 200

The Ministry of Culture, Tourism and Civil Aviation, Mountaineering Section, has opened up 133 Himalayan peaks ranging from peaks above 6,500m to the Mount Everest (8,848m.) for foreign or joint expeditions. Likewise, the Nepal Mountaineering Association (NMA) offers 18 Himalayan Peaks for Alpine trekking. For More Information Contact: Ministry of Culture, Tourism & Civil Aviation Mountaineering Section, Kathmandu, Nepal Tel: 977-1-247041, Fax: 977-1-227281 E-mail: tourism@mail.com.np
TREKKING:

The best way to experience Nepals unbeatable combination of natural beauty and cultural riches is to walk through them. One can walk along the beaten trails or virgin tracks. Either way you are in for an

Trekkers on the summit of Kalapathar 39

experience for a lifetime. Along with forests of rhododendron, isolated hamlets, and small mountain villages, birds, animals, temples, monasteries and breathtaking landscapes, you will also encounter friendly people of different cultures - offering a fascinating glimpse of traditional rural life. Trekking is possible any time of the year depending on where you are going. The popular seasons are spring and autumn. During winter, trekking is possible at lower altitudes. During the monsoon season, you can trek in the rain shadow areas north of the Himalaya like Mustang, Upper Manang and Dolpo. These places are out of reach of the rain clouds because of the high mountains and are unaffected by the monsoon. The best part about trekking in this season is that the routes are less crowded and if you happen to be a keen botanist, you will revel in lush vegetation as meadows blossom in full swing. To ensure quality service and safety, it is advisable to make the trekking programs through a government recognized trekking agency. Some of the rules for trekking are as follows: l Trekking may be undertaken for only one place or an area at a time. l Trekkers should follow the route prescribed for them by the Department of Immigration. l To trek along routes that are not prescribed may create serious problems regarding security, food and accommodation. l It is advised to arrange treks through registered trekking agencies to prevent any accident which may occur at any time during the trekking period. l While trekking it is advisable to take only an authorized guide and porter. l Be careful with matches around wooded or grassy areas, as fire can cause serious damage to the environment. l Be most economical with all fuel, specially regarding the local fire-wood. Use minimum fuel for hot showers and discourage camp-fire. Trekkers are strictly forbidden to cut any green forest resources
40

and to kill any wildlife. Give preference to lodges and trekking companies that do not use firewood and encourage their efforts to conserve the environment. Use washing and toilet facilities provided, or if none are available make sure you are at least 30 meters away from any water source. Bury excreta and toilet papers and use biodegradable toiletries. Avoid the use of non-biodegradable items possible. Support measures to reduce pollution and environment.

Trekking Permit

A foreigner intending to trek in any part of the Kingdom of Nepal shall have to obtain a trekking permit from the Department of Immigration, Tridevi Marg, and permits are issued for trekking in any part of the country except in areas restricted for the foreigners by the government regulation. Trekking permit is not essential for the general trekking areas such as the Everest, the Annapurna, the Langtang and Rara. Trekking permit should be obtained for the following places. 1. Lower Dolpa and Kanchenjunga: Equivalent to US$ 10 per person per week for the first four weeks and US$ 20 per week thereafter; 2. Manaslu: US$ 90 per person per week for trekking during Sept-Nov and US$ 75 per week during December-August. 3. Humla: US$ 90 for the first seven days and US$ 15 per day thereafter; 4. Upper Mustang and Upper Dolpa:US$ 700 per person for the first ten days and US$ 70 per person per day thereafter. Note: Trekking to Dolpa, Kanchenjunga, Makalu and Upper Mustang can be undertaken through registered trekking agencies only.
41

Entry Fees for National Parks, Reserves and Conservation Areas is payable as:

Royal Chitwan National Park Entry Fee Per Person Per Day: For Nepalese Nationals Rs. 20/For SAARC Nationals Rs. 200/For Other Foreign Nationals Rs. 500/(Note: Entrance fee not required for children under 10 years.) Filming Permit Fee (Documentary Films): For Nepalese Nationals Rs. 5,000/For SAARC Nationals Rs. 25,000/For Other Foreign Nationals Equivalent national currency of US $ 1,000/Helicopter Landing (Per Landing) Rs. 2,000/-

Royal Bardia National Park Entry Fee Per Person Per Day: For Nepalese Nationals Rs. 20/For SAARC Nationals Rs. 200/For Other Foreign Nationals Rs. 500/(Note: Entrance fee not required for children under 10 years.) Filming Permit Fee (Documentary Films): For Nepalese Nationals Rs. 5,000/For SAARC Nationals Rs. 25,000/For Other Foreign Nationals Equivalent national currency of US $ 1,000/Helicopter Landing (Per Landing) Rs. 2,000/-

Khaptad National Park Entry Fee Per Person Per Entry: For Nepalese Nationals Free For SAARC Nationals Rs. 100/For Other Foreign Nationals Rs. 1,000/(Note: Entrance fee not required for children under 10 years.)

42

Filming Permit Fee (Documentary Films): For Nepalese Nationals Rs. 5,000/For SAARC Nationals Rs. 25,000/For Other Foreign Nationals Equivalent national currency of US $ 1,000/Helicopter Landing (Per Landing) Rs. 2,000/-

Wildlife Reserves Entry Fee Per Person Per Day For Nepalese Nationals Rs. 20/For SAARC Nationals Rs. 200/For Other Foreign Nationals Rs. 500/(Note: Entrance fee not required for children under 10 years.) Filming Permit Fee (Documentary Films): For Nepalese Nationals Rs. 5,000/For SAARC Nationals Rs. 25,000/For Other Foreign Nationals US $ 1,000/Helicopter Landing (Per Landing) Rs. 2,000/-

Conservation Areas (Annapurna and Manasulu) Entry Fee Per Person Per Entry (effective till Dec. 31, 2000) For Nepalese Nationals Rs. 10/For SAARC Nationals Rs. 100/For Other Foreign Nationals Rs. 1,000/(Note: Entrance fee not required for children under 10 years.) Entry Fee Per Person Per Entry (effective from Jan 1, 2000) For Nepalese Nationals Free For SAARC Nationals Rs. 200/For Other Foreign Nationals Rs. 2,000/(Note: Entrance fee not required for children under 10 years.) Filming Permit Fee (Documentary Films): For Nepalese Nationals or Organization Rs. 7,500/For SAARC Nationals or Organization Rs. 37,500/For Other Foreign Nationals or Org. US $ 1,500/Helicopter Landing (Per Landing) Rs. 2,000/-

43

Kanchanjunga Conservation Area Entry Fee Per Person Per Entry: For Nepalese Nationals Free For SAARC Nationals Rs. 100/For Other Foreign Nationals Rs. 1,000/(Note: Entrance fee not required for children under 10 years.) Filming Permit Fee (Documentary Films): For Nepalese Nationals For SAARC Nationals For Other Foreign Nationals Helicopter Landing Hot Air Ballon Landing Others

Rs. 5,000/Rs. 25,000/US $ 1,000/Rs. 2,000/Rs. 500/Rs. 500/-

Himalayan National Park (Everest, Shey Phoksundo, Rara, Langtang, Makalu Barun) Entry Fee Per Person Per Entry: For Nepalese Nationals Free For SAARC Nationals Rs. 100/For Other Foreign Nationals Rs. 1,000/(Note: Entrance fee not required for children under 10 years.) Filming Permit Fee (Documentary/Feature Films): For Nepalese Nationals Rs. 5,000/For SAARC Nationals Rs. 25,000/For Other Foreign Nationals US $ 1,000/Helicopter Landing in Protected Area landing Rs. 2,000/- per

Dhorpatan Hunting Reserve Entry Fee Per Person Per Entry: For Nepalese Nationals Rs. 20/For SAARC Nationals Rs. 200/For Other Foreign Nationals Rs. 500/(Note: Entrance fee not required for children under 10 years.)

44

Filming Permit Fee (Documentary Films): For Nepalese Nationals Rs. 5,000/For SAARC Nationals Rs. 25,000/For Other Foreign Nationals US $ 1,000/Helicopter Landing in Protected Area landing
RAFTING/KAYAKING/CANYONING

Rs. 2,000/- per

Rafting is one of the best ways to explore the typical cross section of natural as well as ethno-cultural heritage of the country. There are numerous rivers in Nepal which offer excellent rafting or canoeing experience. You can glide on calm jade waters with magnificent scenery all about or rush through roaring white rapids, in the care of expert river-men employed by government authorized agencies. One can opt for a day of river running or more. So far, the government has opened sections of 10 rivers for commercial rafting. The Trishuli river (grade 3+) is one of the most popular of Nepal's raftable rivers. The Kali Gandaki (5-5+) winds through remote canyons and deep gorges for five days of intense rapids. The Bhote Koshi (4-5) is 26km of continuous white water and the raging Marshyangdi is four days of uninterrupted white water. The Karnali river (4-5) provides some of the most challenging rapids in the world. The Sun Kosi (4-5), 270km, requiring 8-10 days to complete, is a big and challenging river. Adventurers are provided with world-class services by rafting agents. Agencies here provide life jackets, camping gear and the standard

45

rafting paraphernalia needed by world-class rafters. An extremely popular sport in Europe, canyoning is now available in Nepal. Canyoning gives you the freedom to explore some of the most ruggedly beautiful, yet forbidden places in the world.
JUNGLE SAFARI

National Parks located specially in the Terai region in Nepal attract visitors from all over the world. A visit to these parks involves game-stalking by a variety of means - foot, dugout canoe, jeep, elephant back. One is bound to sight a one-horned rhino or two at every elephant safari. Besides the rhinos, wild boars, samburs, spotted deer, sloth bear, four-horned antelope are also usually seen. A Royal Bengal tiger may surprise you by his majestic appearance. Nature walk or jungle walk is another way of experiencing the wilderness. In fact, jungle walk gives close-up opportunities to view animals as well as observe their tracks, signs, and sounds. Early morning and lateafternoon walk is the best to avoid mid day heat.

Dugout-canoe trips down the Rapti river offer views of water birds: brilliant blue Eurasian kingfishers, egrets, osprey and ruddy sheldrakes. A pair of binoculars is a must for bird watching. A jeep safari through the jungle provides more game spotting opportunities than might be expected otherwise because it goes deeper into the jungle, usually beyond the beaten track. After the thrill
46

of elephant rides, nature walks and jeep safaris, visitors can splash around in the swimming pools that some of the resorts offer.
ROCK CLIMBING

For all those cliff hangers out there, Kathmandu offers a roster of stone walls that make for an experience of a lifetime. Now of late, Rock climbing has become a popular sport in Kathmandu which offers some really terrific places for rock climbing. Nagarjun, Balaju, Shivapuri and Budhanilkantha are some of the places where you can try this sport.
MOUNTAIN BIKING

The best way to explore the Kathmandu Valley is on a mountain bike. Nepal's diverse terrain is a mountain biker's dream adventure come true. Mountain biking offers an environmentally sound way of exploring this magnificent country, its landscape and living heritage. There are plenty of dirt roads and trails in Nepal to meet every mountain biker's wildest fantasy. Mountain biking is specially recommended if you wish to explore urban centers of Nepal such as Pokhara and Kathmandu as well as the countryside. Adventurous souls may plan extended trips to such exotic locales as Namche Bazaar, and western Nepal. You could even do the entire length of Nepal across the plains. Mountain bikes are available for rent by the day or longer in many of the bicycle rental outlets in and around the city.
BIRD WATCHING

Nepal is a paradise for bird lovers with over 848 species (almost 8% of the world total) of birds. And
47

among them almost 500 hundred species are found in the Kathmandu Valley alone. The most popular bird watching spots in Kathmandu are Phulchoki, Godavari, Nagarjun, Bagmati river, Taudaha and so on. Get your binoculars and look forward to a rewarding experience.

MOUNTAIN FLIGHT

Only awe-stricken silence can come close to matching the experience of going on a mountain flight to encounter the tallest mountains of the earth. Mountain flights offer the closest possible aerial views of Mt. Everest, Kanchenjunga and the Tibetan Plateau. Mountain flights appeal to all category of travelers and have become a popular tourist attraction of Nepal. For those who are restricted by time or other considerations from going trekking, these flights offer a panoramic view of the Himalaya in just one hour.
HOT AIR BALLOONING

Hot air ballooning is very popular with tourists for it affords the most spectacular bird's-eye view of the Kathmandu Valley and the Himalayan ranges towering in the background. On a clear day it's a superb way to view the Himalaya (from over 6000m up), and the view of the valley is equally breathtaking.
BUNGY JUMPING

The ultimate thrill of a bungy jump can now be

48

A hot-air balloon looms over a lush green field

experienced in Nepal at one of the best sites that this sport can boast of anywhere in the world. Nepal's first bungy jumping site is situated 160m. over the Bhote Kosi river, inviting you to experience the ultimate adrenaline rush in the surroundings of this amazing place. The jump, at 160m., is staffed and operated by some of the most experienced jumpmasters in the business.
ULTRALIGHT AIRCRAFT

Ultralight aircraft take off from Pokhara and offer spectacular views of the lakes, mountains and villages. This is an ideal way to see life from a new perspective. The choice of the Pokhara Valley for ultra-light aircraft is appropriate chiefly because of the proximity of the mountains, and the scenic lakes. For those who wished they could fly like birds when growing up, this flight is a must. It might be lonely at the top, but the spectacular view from up high certainly makes it all worth it. Flights are from the Pokhara airport beginning September through June. The flights take place from sunrise to 11 a.m. and from 3 p.m. to sunset every day during these months.
49

PARA GLIDING

Paragliding in Nepal can be a truly wonderful and fulfilling experience for the adventure seeking. A trip will take you over some of the best scenery on earth, as you share airspace with Himalayan griffin vultures, eagles, kites and float over villages, monasteries, temples, lakes and jungle, with a fantastic view of the majestic Himalayas. The last three years have seen the activity flourish in Pokhara and it now is an internationally recognized destination for free-flight enthusiasts. Gliding is a weather dependent sport and the flying season in Nepal commences from November through February, the best months being November and December. The take-off point for these flights is Sarangkot (1592m), which also offers prime views of Phewa Lake and the mountains at sunrise and sunset (provided the skies are clear) and the landing is by the lake. No previous experience is required as qualified pilots provide a short briefing before launching.
CABLE-CAR

Cable-car is a recent phenomenon in Nepal that has become extremely popular with the locals and tourists alike. The 10-minute cable-car ride takes the visitor to the temple of Goddess Manakamana who is believed to have the power to fulfill wishes. The temple of

50

Manakamana lies 125km to the west of Kathmandu. Cable car ride starts at Cheres, 104km from Kathmandu on the highway to Pokhara.
MEDITATION, YOGA AND AYURVEDA

Nepal provides the solitude and environment for meditation which is unparalleled in this part of the world. Nepal has much to offer to those interested in meditation, yoga and Ayurveda. There are guided and residential courses for meditation and yoga and the effects are farreaching and cumulative. Kathmandu, in particular, is where most of these activities happen.
VILLAGE TOURS

Village tours allow visitors to experience a stay in a typical Nepali village. You will get to stay in home of one of the villagers and during your stay, you will get delicious local food and drink and comfortable accommodation provided by your host family. You will also get a chance to interact with the villagers and get to know their culture, tradition and way of life first hand. Besides, you will be contributing directly to the welfare of the village. Village Tours are conducted in Sirubari, Gorkha and other places.
SPECIAL INTEREST TOURS

Special interest tours are conducted in Nepal throughout the year to match all tastes. Lepidopterology is one, since eleven of the 14 families of butterflies are found in Nepal. These exotic species are specially visible in the summer and the monsoon seasons. Similarly, fossil hunting, archaeological, zoological, geological, mythological, meteorological, historical tours, game hunting, village tours and other special interest tours take place throughout all seasons.

51

FESTIVE NEPAL

It is said about Nepal that every other structure is a holy shrine and every other day a festival. Well, if the number of annual festivals, both religious and national, is any indication, the saying couldn't be more true. Festivals are an essential part of Nepalese life that garner tremendous local participation. Festivals also offer visitors a valuable opportunity not only for having fun but gaining insight into various aspects of Nepalese culture. The religious festivals follow the lunar calendar, while national festivals have fixed dates. Wherever or whenever you arrive in Nepal, you can be pretty sure of being at the right time for one or more special events. Some of the major and interesting festivals are presented below: Navavarsha (April): The Nepalese New Year's Day usually falls in the second week of April. i.e. the first day of Baisakh. The day is observed as a national holiday. The people celebrate it with a great pomp and show. On this occasion, Bisket Jatra is held in the city of Bhaktapur. Baisakh Poornima (April): As Nepal is the birthplace of Lord Buddha, the Light of Asia, the triple anniversary of the Buddha's birth, enlightenment and death is observed with many colorful ceremonies on this day. People celebrate the occasion with great veneration paying homage to Buddha at places like Swayambhunath, Bouddhanath and Lumbini. Red Machchhendranath Rath Jatra: (May - June) This festival is the biggest socio-cultural event of Patan. The wheeled chariot of a deity known as Bungdyo or Red Machchhendranath is made at Pulchowk and dragged through the city of Patan in several stages till it reaches the appointed destination (Lagankhel). The
52

grand finale of the festival is called the 'Bhoto Dekhaune' or the "showing of a vest". A similar kind of chariot festival to Machchhendranath (white) is also held in Kathmandu city in the month of March-April. Dumji: It is celebrated in all the Sherpa settlements in the month of July. The Sherpas of Kathmandu and Helambu regions participate in dancing on this day. Gaijatra (Cow festival): (July- August) It is a carnival that lasts eight days. Dancing, singing, comedy and anything that causes mirth and laughter are its highlights. Krishnastami: (July-August) It marks the birthday of Lord Krishna. On this day, impressive ceremonies are conducted at the Krishna Temple in Patan and at Changu Narayan.

Their Majesties the King and Queen pay homage to Kumari during Indrajatra

Indrajatra: (August-September) The festival of Indra, the God of rain, is observed with great enthusiasm in Kathmandu Valley. The festival lasts for eight days. The chariot of Kumari, the Living Goddess, is taken out in procession through the main streets of Kathmandu. The festival is specially noted for the echoes of drums and dancing feet of the masked dancers almost every evening.
53

Children enjoy the swing-ride during Dashain

Dashain or Durga Puja: (September October) The Dashain festival is the most important festival of the Nepalese. The entire country is in enthusiastic holiday mood at the time of the festival. Tihar (Deepawali): (October-November) Known as the Festival of Lights, Tihar is celebrated for five days. Houses are illuminated at night and special sweets of different varieties are prepared. Constitution Day: The new Democratic Constitution of the Kingdom of Nepal was promulgated on November 9, 1990. Since then, this day is observed as the Constitution Day. Vibhaha Panchami: (November-December) This is a famous festival of Janakpur in the eastern Terai. The occasion commemorates the marriage of Sita to Ram, one of the most venerated Hindu divinities. It attracts thousands of pilgrims from India to Janaki Temple in Janakpur. Birthday of His Majesty the King: The auspicious birthday of His Majesty King Birendra Bir Bikram Shah Dev falls on December 28/29 (Poush 14th). This occasion is celebrated with great enthusiasm all over the Kingdom. Prithvi Jayanti: This occasion is celebrated in honor of King Prithvi Narayan Shah, the founder of modern Nepal, with a colourful ceremony in front of the Singha Durbar gate in Kathmandu on January 10/11 (Poush 27th).
54

Buddhist monks during the entrhonement ceremony of a Rinpuche in Bouddhanath

Lhosar: This festival is most impressively observed in the month of February by the Sherpas. They organize folk songs and dances on this occasion. These dances can be seen in Khumbu, Helambu and other northern regions of Nepal and also at Bouddhanath in Kathmandu. National Democracy Day: This day is officially observed as Rastriya Prajatantra Divas or National Democracy Day as a mark of respect to the People's Revolution of 1950-51. It generally falls on February 18, i.e. Phalgun 7. Maha Shivaratri: (February) Shivratri or the Night of Lord Shiva is observed in February-March. It is celebrated in honor of Lord Shiva. A great religious fair takes place in the Pashupatinath Temple and thousands of people from all over Nepal and India flock the temple to worship Lsord Shiva. Ghodejatra: (March-April) Known as the festival of horses, it is one of the most exciting festivals of Kathmandu. Horse race and other sports take place at Tundikhel on this day. In other parts of the city, various deities are carried shoulder-high on palanquin (khat) to the accompaniment of traditional music.
55

Teej: (August-September) Teej is a Hindu festival celebrated by women. Dancing, folk song and the red colour of women's wedding saris dominate the days of Teej. Women observe a fast and flock to Shiva temples where married ones pray for a happy conjugal life and unmarried ones for a good husband. Festival Calendar
Festival
Maghe Sankranti Basanta Panchami Democracy Day Shiva Ratri Holi Chaitra Dashain Bisket Jatra Buddhas Birthday Red Machhchendranath Jatra Janai Purnima Gai Jatra Krishnas Birthday Devghat All over the Kingdom All over the Kingdom Pashupatinath Temple All over the Kingdom All over the Kingdom Bhaktapur Bouddhanath, Lumbini

Place

2000
15 -Jan 10 -Feb 19-Feb 4-Mar 20-Mar 12-Apr 13-Apr 18-May

2001
14 -Jan 29-Jan 18-Feb 21-Feb 9-Mar 1-Apr 13-Apr 7-May

2002
14 -Jan 17-Feb 19-Feb 12-Mar 28-Mar 20-Apr 13-Apr 26-May

Patan All over the Kingdom Kathmandu Patan, All over the Kingdom All over the Kingdom Gokarna Kathmandu All over the Kingdom All over the Kingdom Pashupatinath Temple Everest Region All over the Kingdom

May 15-Aug 16-Aug

June 4-Aug 5-Aug

May 22-Aug 23-Aug

22-Aug 1-Sep 29-Aug 12-Sep 4-7 Oct.

12-Aug 21-Aug 19-Aug 1-Sep

30-Aug 9-Sep 7-Sep 20-Sep

Teej Fathers Day Indra Jatra Dashain Tihar Bala Chaturdasi Mani Rimbdu Kings Birthday

23-26 Oct. 12-15 Oct.

26-29 Oct. 14-17 Nov. 4-6 Nov. 24-Nov. Nov. 29-Dec. 3-Dec. Nov. 29-Dec. 10-Nov. Nov. 29-Dec.

56

INCENTIVES AND CONFERENCES

Discover Nepals Amazing Incentives Hectic schedules, deadlines to meet and jetsetting around the world certainly deserve a break. How about a trip to paradise? Imagine a place where you could gaze at the wonders of the world's highest mountain range whose beauty is a feast to behold, trek to the lower slopes where a whiff of fresh air and scent of exotic flowers greet you at every step, raft down a snow-fed river, fly across the country by helicopter for candle-lit dinner in the mountains under the clear blue sky with Mt. Everest for company, and enjoy the sunrise as it splashes hues of red on blushing mountain ranges. You think your imagination is working over time? Well, think again. Paradise is closer than you think. Welcome to Nepal - the most happening incentive travel destination in the world - a heady mixture of unique culture proudly preserved, mind boggling adventure and remarkable natural beauty. A land where you can revitalize your mind, body and soul amidst scenery that is simply a knock out. Age-old traditional hospitality is an added bonus, of course. World-class convention facilities, exciting adventure products, special opportunities for sight-seeing, dining, accommodation, and shopping and much more. From toasting the sunrise over the Himalayas to seeking out wild animals in their natural habitat from atop an elephant, from being mesmerized by the artistic excellence of the medieval era to dancing the night away at a theme party, you will have lots to talk about when you get back home. A perfect incentive inspires any one to push a little harder, move a little faster and reach a little higher.
57

Reward your employees with an incentive holiday in Nepal and boost their morale as well as productivity.
THE DESTINATION:

Kathmandu, the Shangrila city of Nepal, is a novelty destination for many. Surrounded by Himalayan snow peaks, Kathmandu is the cradle of Nepalese civilization and culture. It is a living museum of ancient temples, palaces, shrines, squares and courtyards. It is also the fairy tale land of kings, queens, princes, princesses and

Birendra International Convention Center

living goddesses - still worshipped today. Not a week goes by in Kathmandu without a procession, a festival or a feast. The Nepalese people, as diverse as they may be, live in harmony- perhaps fatalistic, perhaps content, but they take on the hardship of life with a smile. Nepal is one destination that will fire up the imagination of everyone. Some curious, some incredulous, some a little nervous, some a little ambivalent but for once, you are going to bring excitement that will turn men and women into boys and girls and they will take stories back home and not just snap-snots. This time, let it be Nepal.
THE VENUES

Kathmandu offers a wide choice of conference centers. The newly-built Birendra International Convention Center (BICC), is Nepal's showpiece international-standard convention facility. The main hall
58

at the BICCI accommodates 1,046 persons. The floor arrangement is divided into 160 desk seating in the front, theater seating for 240 in the back, 150 seats for observers, and the rest allocated for gallery seating. The BICC contains other halls of various sizes. In addition, there is an exhibition hall, a separate station for newspersons with facilities for live TV and radio broadcasts, and VIP rooms equipped with comprehensive media operations. Other venues include the Royal Nepal Academy with a capacity for 1250 persons, Rashtriya Sabha Griha (676 Persons), the Russian Cultural Center (200 persons) and the Bhrikuti Mandap Exhibition Hall with a total area of 35,000 sq. ft. Kathmandu's roster of luxury hotels and resorts also offer meeting facilities with the latest and comprehensive audio visual technology. These hotels have multifunctional meeting halls offering excellent setting for conventions, meetings and incentive organizers, with a seating capacity ranging from 20 to more than 1200 guests. The hotels in Pokhara also offer world-class conference facilities with the latest state-of-the-art audiovisual technology. These convention centers and exhibition halls offer visitors and delegates international class amenities that compare to cosmopolitan cities anywhere. For more information contact: Nepal Incentive and Convention Association PO Box: 11034, BICC, New Baneshwar, Kathmandu, Nepal Tel: (977-1) 494411. Fax: (977-1) 473696 Email: nica@mice.mos.com.np

59

INFORMATION FOR TOURISTS

ENTRY PROCEDURES:

Indian nationals: Indian nationals do not require visa. However, effective from October 1, 2000, Indians travelling to Nepal by air will have to show upon arrival at entry point either a passport, voter's identity card issued by the Election Commission of India, or an identity card with photograph issued by the Central or State Government of India. Temporary identity card with photograph issued by Nepal-based Indian diplomatic missions for identification of Indian nationals will also be considered in case of exceptions. Children under 10 years need not show any identification. A visa is required to enter Nepal. One can get a visa at the Royal Nepalese Embassy or Consulate or at the airport upon arrival. Children under 10 years need not pay any visa fees. Two passport sized photos are mandatory for visa on arrival. i. Single entry: US$ 30 for 60 days ii. Additional re-entry cost: US$ 25 - Single; US$ 40 - Double; US$ 60 - Multiple. iii. Visitors who intend to re-enter the country within 150 days after leaving the country during the same visa year, entry visa fee is US$ 50 for 30 days. iv. For visitors intending to stay more than 60 days, tourist visa extension fee is equivalent of US$ 50 (in Nepalese currency) for 30 days from the Department of Immigration. v. Business visa (with multiple entry) can be obtained from the Department of Immigration for the period of one year and five years upon the recommendation of the Ministry of Industry by paying the equivalent of US$ 100 and US$ 250 respectively in Nepalese currency for the foreign investors.
60

ACCESS TO NEPAL

By Air: The Royal Nepal Airlines (RA) is the national flag carrier of Nepal with flight to/from: Kathmandu RA Bangkok 2.50hrs Bangalore 2.30hrs Calcutta 1.00hrs Delhi 1.15hrs Dubai 4.11hrs Frankfurt 10.00hrs Hong Kong 4.50hrs Mumbai 2.20hrs Osaka 7.20hrs Paris 11.00hrs London 12.00hrs Shanghai 4.50hrs Singapore 4.30hrs Other International Airlines operating from/ to Kathmandu are: Aeroflot Russian Airlines SU Moscow 9.30hrs Lauda Air OS Vienna 7.50hrs Biman Bangladesh Airlines BG Dhaka 1.10hrs China South-West Airlines SZ Lhasa 1.05hrs Condor N.A Munich Druk Air KB Paro 1.00hr Gulf Air GF Abu Dhabi 4.15hrs Indian Airlines IC Delhi 1.15hrs Calcutta 1.00hrs Varanasi 1.10hrs Necon Air 3Z Patna 1.00hr Varanasi 1.00hr Pakistan International Airlines PK Karachi 2.45hrs Singapore Airlines SQ Singapore 4.30hrs Qatar Airways QR Doha 4.25hrs Thai International TG Bangkok 3.00hrs Transavia HV Amsterdam via Sharjah 13.00hrs All flying hours are only approximate.

61

By Land: All visitors entering Nepal by land must use no other entry points other than (1) Kakarbhitta (2) Birgunj (3) Belhiya, Bhairahawa (4) Nepalgunj (5) Dhangadi and (6) Mahendra Nagar on the NepalIndia border and (7) Kodari on the Nepal-China border. The overland tourists entering the Kingdom with their vehicles must possess an international carnet.
DOMESTIC AIRLINES

Royal Nepal Airlines (RA) has an extensive network of air services in the interior of Nepal. RA flies to Taplejung, Baitadi, Darchula, Bhadrapur, Rajbiraj, Bhojpur, Phaplu, Lukla, Lamidada, Tumlingtar, Rumjatar, Biratnagar, Nepalgunj, Chaurjhari, Surkhet, Rolpa, Jumla, Kolti, Mahendranagar, Dhangadi, Silgadi, Tikapur and Sanphebagar. Besides RA, other domestic airlines (there are more than 18 in operation) provide regular and charter services to popular domestic destinations. Private companies also operate helicopter services for rescue, sling operations, transporting heavy cargo and food grains, aerial photography, sightseeing, heli trekking and heli skiing. Nepal's domestic air service is known to be punctual and reliable.
RAILWAY TRANSPORT

Nepal Janakpur-Jayanager Railway (NJJR) operates a freight and passenger service in the eastern Terai.
FOREIGN EXCHANGE

Foreign currencies must be exchanged only through the banks or authorized foreign exchange dealers. The receipts from such transaction are to be obtained and retained. Visitors can also exchange money at the foreign exchange counter at the airport upon arrival. Credit Cards like the American Express, Visa and Master Card are accepted. Convertible currencies are as follows: Dollar - US, Australian, Hong Kong, Canadian, Singapore; Franc - Swiss, French, Belgium; Kroner: Danish, Swedish; Sterling Pound, Netherlands
62

Guilder, German Mark, Japanese Yen, Italian Lira and Austrian Shilling. Indian currency (except Rs. 500 notes) is accepted in Nepal.
CUSTOMS FORMALITIES

All baggage must be declared and cleared through the customs on arrival at the entry. Personal effects are permitted free entry. A tourist may bring in dutiable goods, such as tobacco and liquor, within the prescribed quantity free of duty. Carrying narcotics, arms and ammunition are strictly prohibited. Visitors can export souvenirs to their respective countries. The export of antiques requires special certificate from the Department of Archaeology, National Archive Building, Ram Shah Path, Kathmandu (Tel: 250683/88, Fax: 262856).
AIRPORT TAX

Rs. 660/- per person for departure to SAARC (South Asian) Countries and Rs. 1,100/- for departure to other international destinations. Domestic airport tax for all nationals is Rs. 110/-.
MOUNTAIN FLIGHT

Royal Nepal Airlines and other domestic Airlines in the private sector operate breath-taking mountain flights for tourists round the year.
GETTING AROUND

Metered taxis are easily recognizable by the taxi sign and black number plates and can be hailed off the street. Metered tempos (three wheeler scooters) cheaper than taxis are also available. No tip is expected. There are regular bus services within the three cities of the Kathmandu Valley. The Bus Terminal is located at Gongabu (new bus terminal) and Bagbazar (old bus terminal). Similarly, scheduled bus services for destinations outside the valley operate from the Gongabu Bus Terminal. In addition, one can also hire mountain or motor bikes at nominal rates. Night Taxi: 244485, 224375
63

TOURIST POLICE

A special unit of the Nepal Police called Tourist Police deals with problems related to tourists. One can contact the Tourist Police at Tourist Service Centre, Bhrikutimandap (Tel: 247041) to avail the services of Tourist police.
FACILITIES

Nepal has every category of accommodation facilities. These range from the international standard star hotels to budget hotels and lodges. In order to have an assured quality service, it is advisable to use the facilities and services of government registered hotels, lodges, travel agencies, and licensed tour guides only, and engage an authorized trekking guide or porter only through a registered travel/ trekking agency.
BANKS

Banks are open between 10:00 a.m. to 2:30 p.m. from Monday to Thursday and between 10:00 a.m. to 2:30 p.m. on Fridays. They are closed on Saturdays, Sundays and other holidays in the Kathmandu Valley. In other places banks are closed on Saturdays and government holidays.
LICENSED GUIDES

All the travel agencies have licensed Englishspeaking guides. However, many agencies also have guides who can speak other international languages for the convenience of tourists. As unlicensed guides are not allowed to serve clients, it is advisable to confirm that your guide has a valid license. To have quality service it is recommended to arrange the sightseeing programs only through the government registered travel agencies.
TIME

Nepal Standard Time is 5 hours 45 minutes ahead of GMT and 15 minutes ahead of Indian Standard Time.

64

OFFICIAL HOLIDAYS

Except Public Holidays, Saturday and Sunday are the weekend holidays in the Kathmandu Valley when most government offices are closed. In other places, government offices are closed only on Saturdays. Most businesses are closed only on Saturdays.
WORKING HOURS

Government offices within Kathmandu Valley open from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. in the summer and from 9 a.m. till 4 p.m. in the winter. Outside the valley, Government offices open from 10 a.m. to 5 p.m. in the summer and from 10 a.m. till 4 p.m. in the winter.
HOSPITALS AND DRUG STORES

The hospitals, drug houses, dispensaries and pharmaceutical shops of Kathmandu sell all kinds of medicines, including those imported from overseas. The major general hospitals and private clinics are available in Kathmandu Valley. Ambulance: 230213, 228094, Blood Bank: 225344.
VETERINARY SERVICES

For all veterinary needs there are excellent veterinary hospitals in the Kathmandu Valley.
NEWSPAPERS AND MAGAZINES

The major newspapers in Kathmandu are: The Rising Nepal (Daily) English, The Kathmandu Post (Daily) English, Gorkhapatra (Daily) Nepali, Kantipur (Daily) Nepali. Besides a number of other newspapers and magazineslocal and international-are also available in book stalls.
RADIO

Radio Nepal broadcasts different programs in both short wave and medium wave transmissions through three session in a day from 6:00 a.m. to 11 p.m. FM Radio stations also broadcast pop music and other programs for entertainment. English news bulletins are broadcast daily between 8 A.M. and 8 P.M.

65

TELEVISION

Nepal television broacdast run from 5.30 a.m. to 10.30 p.m. On Saturday special entertaining programs are transmitted from 12 noon to 5 p.m.
ENTERTAINMENT

There are many types of entertainment in the city of Kathmandu. These include theatrical shows including classical and light performances, casinos and discos. The cinema halls in Kathmandu screen Nepali, Indian, English and other regional movies. There are private art galleries and a national art Gallery called NAFA in Kathmandu which exhibit and sell all sorts of modern and traditional paintings.
GOLF COURSES IN NEPAL

Til Ganga Golf Course, Kathmandu Tel: 00-977-1-472836 Le Meridian Gokarna Forest Golf Resort Tel: 00-977-1-226414/450444 Fulbari Resort Golf Course, Pokhara Tel: 00-977-61-24709/23451, Fax: 28482 Himalayan Golf Course, Pokhara Tel: 00-977-61-27204/22527, Fax: 21882 Please contact in the above phone numbers for more information.
DELECTABLE DINING

The traditional form of greeting in Nepali culture is "Bhaat khayo?" which literally means "have you eaten rice?". This itself shows that Nepalese take their food seriously. The capital city of Nepal, the Kathmandu Valley is the most developed in the entire Kingdom, in terms of culture, art and architecture. It is but natural that in this civilized city, food also developed into a cuisine. As eating is a special affair in Nepal, there is food for each and every occasion and festival. Kathmandu offers an incredible selection of dining opportunities. There are many restaurants that serve only authentic Nepali food complete with ethnic ambience. In addition to Nepali food, Indian, Chinese,
66

Continental, Japanese, Korean and Thai food are also readily available. Top hotels have their own speciality restaurants.

A thanka painting of lord Buddha SHOPPING

Shopping can be very rewarding and exciting in Kathmandu. There are numerous tourist shops on the main streets and in the hotel arcades brimming with tempting jewelry, statues, and other typical Nepalese handicraft. Thangka is one of the best buys in Nepal. Each place has its speciality product which is unique. Bhaktapur, for instance, is the place to buy pottery. The Traditional Craftsman's Colony in Patan is a famous center for Nepalese handicraft. You may get carvedwooden items while at Patan. As for jewellery, buyers can opt for loose gems or custom-made items. Besides handicrafts, Nepal is also a good place for genuine luxury goods. With a host of departmental stores and shopping plazas offering international brandname products, Kathmandu has become a haven for
67

the serious shopper. Browsers will enjoy the city's numerous traditional markets that overflow with vegetables, fruits and other goods. A note of caution: There is an export ban on certain items. Antiques can be taken out of the country only with special permission granted by the Department of Archaeology.
USEFUL TIPS

Some dos and don'ts: The Nepalese people are friendly and hospitable by nature and the tourists in general will have no difficulty in adjustment. At the same, one may be confused regarding some customs, traditions and manners as in coming into any unfamiliar society. Nepal like any other country, has its own ways of regulating life though it might be different in degrees to each individual visitors. We want the visitors to observe and see the ways of Nepalese people and share with them. It is in this spirit that we offer some practical guidelines that could help to make the stay delightful and rewarding. The religious way of life: Religion is an integral and deep-rooted part of Nepalese life. Temples, images, sacred paintings are to be seen everywhere. A majority of the people in Nepal are Hindus but Buddhism also has an important place in this country. Hinduism and Buddhism are closely connected in Nepal and it would take a lifetime's study to understand the complexities of the country's religious life. Some hints regarding religious matters. Visitors to Hindu temples or Buddhist shrines are expected to be unshod as a mark of respect. In fact, a pair of open sandals is more convenient and comfortable while visiting temples and stupas. In some of the temples entrance may be prohibited for non-Hindus. Leather articles are prohibited to be taken inside the temple precinct. It is better not to touch offerings or persons when they are on way to shrines. Beef is strictly prohibited among both Hindus and Buddhists. No female animal is killed for food. Walking around temples or stupas is traditionally
68

done clockwise. Generally temples, stupas and monuments are permitted to be photographed but it is better to ask authorized persons for permission before using a camera.

Social Outlook: Since the majority of our people live in rural areas, their outlook to life is simple and traditional. In fact, they take special delight in the company of foreign visitors but there are certain things that are alien or embarrassing to Nepalese people. Here are few things to keep in mind. It is better to be decently clad when visiting any place. Sun and beach wear is not proper when roaming around. Briefs, shorts, bare shoulders and backs may not be appreciated. One need not be stiff and overdressed but comfortably and decently covered. Do not be offended if a Nepalese lady hesitates to shake hands. In Nepal, people, especially women, do not normally shake hands when they greet one another, but instead press palms together in a prayerlike gesture known as "Namaste". Public display of affection between man and woman is frowned upon. Do not do something that is totally alien to our culture. We are hard on drug abuse; trafficking and possession of drugs are taken as serious offences. Cheap charity breeds beggars but does not solve their basic problem. Therefore, do not encourage beggary by being benevolent.
SOME OTHER IMPORTANT TIPS:

Beware of touts who claim to be representing companies and offer to take you bargain hunting. Use hotel safety boxes for your valuables. Dot not leave cash and other valuable things lying around in the room. Table manners in Nepal are quite different from those at home. In typical and traditional Nepali houses, plates, knives, forks and spoons may be absent from
69

the dinner table. While eating, Nepalese people use their right hand. But this does not mean, however, that the guests are not to use forks and spoons. Any food or utensils touched by the used knife or spoon or finger or lips or into which spittle has fallen is considered "Jutho" which means "contaminated". It would humiliate a person if such food were offered to him. Nor should the dish containing such food be used again without it being properly washed.

For more information, contact: Nepal Tourism Board: Tourist Service Center, Kathmandu. Tel: 256909, 256229 Tourist Office, Tribhuvan International Airport, Kathmandu. Tel: 470537 Tourist Office, Airport, Pokhara, Tel: 20028 Tourist Office, Birgunj Tel:22083 Tourist Office, Bhairahawa, Tel: 20304 Tourist Office, Kakarbhitta, Tel: 20208 Tourist Office, Janakpur, Tel: 20755
FILMING

The Ministry of Information & Communications (Tel: 225556; Fax: 221729) located in Singha Durbar, must be contacted for queries about filming during the expedition. Permission is required for filming. All Film Production Units (herein referred to as Unit) desiring to film within the Kingdom of Nepal, have to apply for permission at the Ministry of Information & Communications, Singha Durbar, Kathmandu, giving full details of the sequences to be photographed in Nepal. Incase of foreign production, a royalty of US $2000 in case of feature film and US $1000 in case of other films like Documentary, Advertisement, Newsreel TV etc. is to be paid for obtaining permission. If the production is a collaboration between Nepalese and foreign filming teams, then a royalty of US $1000 in case of feature film and US $500 in case of other films like Documentary, Advertisement, Newsreel TV etc. is to be paid for obtaining permission. The Unit shall be given the permit on receipt of a voucher of Nepal Rashtra Bank showing
70

that the amount in US Dollar or its equivalent in the Nepalese currency has been credited to the Ministry of Information & Communications Account No. Ka. 1-1-583. The validity of the permit may be extended if the Unit applies in advance for such extension. The Unit shall operate in Nepal under the supervision and guidance of a Liaison Officer to be deputed by the Ministry of Information & Communications. It shall confine its operation to the localities specified in the permit and shall extend its operation to any other locality only after duly applying for and getting a fresh permit to that effect. It may hire equipment and services from the Royal Nepal Film Corporation on mutually agreed terms. The Unit shall not release the sequence filmed in Nepal until it is approved by the Royal Nepalese Diplomatic Office. The Unit shall provide to the Ministry of Information & Communications, His Majesty's Government, a free copy of the sequences of the film photographed in the Kingdom of Nepal. In the case of non-compliance with the terms and conditions stated above or the Film Act 2026 along with rules framed under it or violation of any other law currently in force in the Kingdom may result in the infringement of the Production, Exhibition and Distribution of the film. For more information contact: Ministry of Information & Communications Singha Durbar, Kathmandu, Nepal Tel: 00977-1-225556 Fax: 00977-1-227310 E-mail: moicpl@ccsl.com.np; moicppme@ntc.net.np

Rhododendrons in the wild 71

FOREIGN INVESTMENT POLICY AND FEASIBLE PROJECT AREAS

With the enactment of the New Industrial Policy of 1992, HMG identifies Foreign Investment Promotion as an important strategy for the development and promotion of industrial activities in Nepal. Important measures under these policy reforms include debureaucratization of administrative machinery, trade liberalization, tariff rationalization, tax reform, financial sector reform with full convertibility of Nepalese rupees in current account.
POTENTIAL AREAS OF FOREIGN INVESTMENT:

1. a. b. c. d. e. f. g. h. i. j. k. l. m. 2 a. c. e. 3 a. c. e. g. i.
72

Manufacturing Industries: Light engineering industries Manufacture of dry cell battery Video cassette industry Medical instruments and tools Pollution preventing accessories industry Paper Cement Jute Leather products Chemical fertilizer Pesticides and insecticides Aluminium industry Organic fertilizer Tourism Industries: Hotel Resort Air Services Cable car Complex

b. Golf Courses d. Hot-air Ballooning f. Amusement Parks

Agro and Forest-based Industries: Herb Processing b. Food Processing Fruit Processing d. Veg seed Processing Mushroom Cultivation f. Dairy Floriculture h. Sugar Animal feed

4. a. b. c. 5. a. b. c. d.

Energy Industry: Hydro power project Solar energy Wind energy

Mineral Based Industries: Cement exploration & production Petroleum exploration & production Natural gas exploration & production Construction materials (clay, sand, gravel, boulder, marble, stone) exploration & exploitation. e. Processing of Mica f. Exploration & processing of quartz g. Glass production 6. a. b. c. d. e. f. g. h. 7. a. b. c. Service Industry Air freight forwarding services Sea freight forwarding services Nursing home Carpet washing Domestic air services Computer software developing Data entry services Photo scanning and off-set printing Textile and Apparel Industries: Integrated Textile mill Spinning mill Sericulture and silk production

INDUSTRIES WHICH HAVE RECEIVED NATIONAL PRIORITY

1. Agro and Forest based industries. 2. Engineering industry (producing agricultural and industrial machinery). 3. Industries producing fuel saving or pollution control devices. 4. Solid waste processing industry. 5. Industry that builds and operate road, bridge, tunnel, ropeway, flying bridge, trolley bus and tram 6. Hospital and nursing home (outside Kathmandu valley). 7. Industries that produce ayurvedic, homeopathic, and other traditional medicines as well as walking aids, waist belt, wheel chair, stretcher, etc. for the disabled and orthopedic support. 8. Cold storage facilities to store fruits & vegetables.
73

The Government of Nepal reserves the monopoly of activities economic or otherwise in areas such as: Cottage industries, Arms & Ammunition industries, Atomic Energy, Real Estate Business, Security printing, Currency & Coinage, Retail business, Travel & Trekking Agencies, Consulting services etc.
FORMS OF FOREIGN INVESTMENT
l l l l l l

Foreign loan Foreign capital Reinvestment of foreign investment earning Patent of foreign products Use of foreign owned trademarks Investment in share (equity)

TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER INCLUDES:

l l l l

Use of any technological right, specialization, formula, process, technical know-how of foreign origin. Use of any trademark of foreign origin. Use of any foreign technical consultancy, management & marketing services. Technology transfer is allowed in all type of industries.

GUARANTEES
l l l l

against price control against naturalization full repatriation of the amount from the sale of equity, profits or dividends, and interest on foreign loans. repatriation of the amount received under an agreement for the transfer of technologies.

PROCEDURAL ARRANGEMENT & PERMISSION:

Foreign investor wishing to invest in Nepal as 100 percent ownership in industries or as joint venture investment are required to make an application to the Department of Industry with a detailed feasibility report. The department of Industry evaluates the project proposed and grant permission for projects with fixed assets up to 500 million rupees. In case of projects with fixed assets exceeding 500 million rupees the Department of Industry evaluates the project proposed and submits its recommendation to the Industrial Promotion Board for approval.
74

SOME ATTRACTIVE INCENTIVES:

l l l l l

l l

l l l l l l

Industries will not be imposed more than 20 percent income tax on their industrial income. No tax on dividends and export earnings. Concessional rate of tax for industries operating in less developed areas of the Kingdom. Additional depreciation allowance of 33 percent. 50 percent reduction on taxable income for the investment made for pollution control measures. No income tax on interest on foreign loan. Corporate tax rate is 25%. A concessionary flat rate of 15% is levied as withholding tax on royalties, technical service and management fees in case of foreign investment. Only one percent duty on the import of capital goods. Bonded warehouse & duty-draw-back facilities on export. Full repatriation of profits, dividends, principals and interest on foreign loan. Business visa for foreign investors. Resident visa for investors who, at a time, makes an investment in excess of US$ 100,000 or equivalent. National Priority Industries to enjoy 50 percent rebate on their income tax for a period of 10 years from the date of operation.

For further information please contact: Ministry of Industry, Commerce & Supplies Foreign Investment promotion Section Singha Durbar, Kathmandu, Nepal Tel: 244140, 251174, 240752, 245246. Fax: 00-977-1-220319 Department of Industries Tripureshwor, Kathmandu, Nepal Tel: 261169, 261203, 261302, 261101. Fax: 00-977-1-221112 E-mail: doi@ecomail.com.np
75