Reported by Project Team

Combating Hazardous and Exploitative Child Labour in Surgical Instruments Manufacturing

(ILO-IPEC & Sudhaar)

CONTENTES
S#
1

Topic
Project Background & Strategy Case Studies of Working Children Shining Stars
Dream Comes True (Usman Ali) Imran Ali Muhammad Waseem M. Asif Malih Can I get ever go to school (M. Younis) Rauf Akhtar Baqar Ali Muhammad Saeed Yasir Ali Basharat Ali Usman Nazir Hopes become true (Khuram Faiz)

Page Number
3 5

Case Studies of Teachers 3

Mohsin Riaz (Teacher Surgical NFE Uggoki Channan # 8) Javed Iqbal (Teacher Surgical NFE Machrala # 5)

18

Case Studies of Parents 4 5

Ms. Bushra (Mother of Child Asif Malhi)

20 21

Case Studies of CEC Members

Mr. Dilawar Hussain

Background History
Sudhaar is an NGO working for the provision of quality education in both formal and non-formal sectors in Sialkot, Kasur, Sheikhupura, Toba Take Singh and Gujranwala. Sudhaar is working with the support of ILO-IPEC to withdraw children from surgical industry, Sialkot district thru providing education since June 2000. Sudhaar established 18 NFE centers for surgical children with the support of ILO-IPEC. The basic principle is to integrate formal and non formal systems and aim for Quality Education for All in Sialkot.

Program Introduction:
In August 2000, ILO-IPEC started a two years program in Sialkot for working children in surgical industry and their younger siblings. Under this Action Program, 12 NFE centers were to be established in areas with a high concentration of surgical industry children. The ILO-IPEC Surgical Children Project, being implemented by Sudhaar and BLCC respectively in different areas of Sialkot. Thirteen NFE centers have been established in first phase by both implementing agencies. Survey was conducted to identify potential sites and to assess the number of working children in different urban and rural localities. In second phase of the program, Sudhaar and BLCC have been assigned 22 additional localities to establish NFE centers. Sudhaar and BLCC established 22 additional NFEs taking the total to 35. So, for Sudhaar establish 18 centers in different areas. In these centers, 787 children were enrolled in different classes. Out of these 787 children 218 children have been mainstreamed in different formal school in different classes, 112 children pass the primary center exam, 102 got pre vocational training from ATC, 91 children left the surgical work through awareness raising activities and join less hazard work, 60 children under gone free medical facilities under this program.

Shining Stars:
It is the reality that all the mainstreamed and primary passed, which join the formal afterwards are the shining stars of the program, because they have to join the formal education sector from non-formal sector. They totally left the surgical work, and now getting education in an organized way. Along with these children, other stakeholders like; teachers, community members, vendors and parents who supply their efforts are also the shining stars, due to whom these stars avail the opportunity of education in an organized way. Some case histories of shining stars of the program are presenting before you, which recognize all the mainstreamed and primary pass children. Team arranged and follows up these stars of the program to get the detail regarding their education and current situation to highlight the efforts of these in brief. Team individually met with children, parents, vendors and community members to record their views regarding the interventions done under the surgical children program, and their suggestion for the improvement in education of the children. This report consist of two parts, part I is befor you and part II is in preparation stage.

Case Studies of Working Children (Shining Stars)

2.1 Dream Comes True
Child Name: Father Name: Child Age: Enrollment Date: Trade: Process: Mainstreamed: Class: Mainstreaming Date: Current Class: Usman Ali M. Mansha 12 Year 2-8-02 Surgical Filling Yes Six 12-10-02 Nine

Poverty is the root cause that parents engage their children in Child Labor. Four years ago, Usmans father left the job due to long-term high fever. His elder brother starts a job after the matriculation, but with in short time left the job. On the death of mother, Usman undergo a deep anxiety, put an end to his education and involve himself in child labor in surgical work. They are four brothers and four sisters. One day his older sister denies going to school. Usman speaks with tears that her mother wishes to provide education to all her children to become successful in life. He boldly says that I will try my level best to fulfill my mothers dream, and educate all his brothers and sisters. During the routine workshop visit, Sudhaar team met with Usman and his vendor, Usman belongs to a large family, and was working in a surgical workshop in Machrala. He became very happy, and requests Sudhaar team to met with his father and motivate him for my education. Usman was amateur, because he joined the surgical work two months ago. His employer was the CEC member, and allows him to resume his education in NFE center. Usman resume his education in NFE center, and after three months with the consent of his family he was mainstreamed in formal school in class Six. Now he is engage with his education. He believes in hard work, and never feels afraid from the barriers amid his education, and ready to face them like a soldier. Like one of the Shinning Stars on the sky. Usman View: Usman whispered that on the death of my mother, I crying whole night, and never illuminate my perception. My mother was very loving, and desires for my education. Unfortunately I could not carry on my education, and joined the surgical work, which is very tough for me. I always pray, oh God arranged education for me. After a week NFE teacher came to my shop, and inquire about my education, and also motivate my vendor to send me in NFE center. They met with my family and convinced them for my study. I became the part of NFE center, and attending the class regularly. The atmosphere of the center is totally 3

different, teacher educates with love and classroom was well decorated with colorful charts and a variety of play cards. My teacher encourages me for mainstreaming. My heart was full of joy on that time, but initially I thought about the issue of expenses and circumstances of my home I for get for a moment that I want to be mainstreamed. I discussed about this with my sister, she encouraged me and said she talk with father for my education. One day when I reached at home for lunch, my teachers were sitting with my father and discussing about my education. They told that it is the responsibility of Sudhaar to fulfill the educational requirement. After discussion my father agrees for this, so I was enrolled in the Govt. High school Head Marala in class Six. I passed my Middle exam with good marks and got admission in 9th class with science subject. Sudhaar and my teacher Mr. Javed Iqbal frequently provided all kind of support to me. Especially after closing of NFE center Machrala my NFE teacher Mr. Javed Iqbal helps me lot, he fulfills and solve even my little requirements and problems related to my education. Whenever, I was sitting alone, I think if Sudhaar not to establish the center for working children I still have to work in surgical industry. I thankful to Sudhaar and appreciate its efforts regarding education for working children.
There are many precious pearls that are destroying their life on moving wheel.

I want to join army after completion of education. I always pray for those who support me a lot for my education.

Imran Ali
Child Name: Father Name: Child Age: Enrollment Date: Trade: Process: Imran Ali Younas Ali 12 Year 08-02-02 Surgical Grinding, Polish Got Pre-Voc Training: Yes Primary Pass: Yes Primary Exam Pass on: 09-04-03 Current Status: Working as vendor
Imran Ali is 12 years old. He belongs to poor family. They are 2 brothers and 7 sisters. Because of fathers death, he left his education. After the expiring of his father, he could not continue his education due to the large state of the family, and get associated with surgical work. He gets attached with NFE center in Feb.02. He resumes his education along with his work. He never wants to leave the surgical work; during the meeting with his mother she also prefers his education along with work. He has ability for learning, so his teacher selected him for the preparation of Primary Exams. He prepared his mind for the exam, and passed the exam in April 03 with good marks. He wishes to continue his education, but painstaking for him to carry on education in formal school. Because of the quest for education, he keeps on approaching NFE center and facilitates his teacher in teaching. He also attains two month Pre- vocational training from ATC to engage himself in the stream of skillful manpower, and get acknowledged with safety measures. With the support of primary examination and pre- vocational training, he got admission in ATC as Apprentice in Machinist Trade. He completed training from ATC, and was linked with Dr. Frigz (Surgical Factory) for On Job Training of one year. Now he is working with his elder brother in village Sher Pur.

Future Planning:
He narrate that they live hand to mouth life, after the death of his father. Due to this disaster, he attached with surgical industry. Sudhaar had opened Channan center in my village Sher Pur, I joined the NFE center in evening hours. I passed my primary examination, got pre- vocational training from ATC and then with the effort of Sudhaar, I recruit as apprentice at Dr. Frigz (Surgical Factory) in Machinist Trade and got basic training at ATC after that I worked in factory for one year. Now he is working with his brother as a skilled worker and earning reasonable amount. He said that this is due to pre- vocational and apprenticeship training that I am able to work better environment and better position. Now I am learning up and down and more skill related to this field. He built his future in surgical industry and wants to establish his own business. On a question of employ children on the surgical workshop, he said that he tried his best that he could not employ a single child, but if it happened he provide opportunity to these children to get education. It is all because of my education and training that I am working with my brother on my own accord. This should be done only by the support and efforts done by Sudhaar.

Muhammad Waseem
Child Name: Father Name: Child Age: Enrollment Date: Trade: Process: Mainstreamed: Class: M. Waseem Ashique Hussain 14 Year 21-02-01 Surgical Grinding, Filling Yes 5th Mainstreaming Date: 28-04-03 NFE Name: Machrala I am M. Waseem. I have one brother and sister. I left my education from 4th class. My parents tried their best, but in vain because I have no enthusiasm for education. My father helps me in providing me a job with pain heartedly. He told me how much tough is the surgical work, and how much tough to earn money to live. I work at ustad Arshads workshop. Then a Channan center start in our area for the children, who are attached with surgical industry, and not going to school. My teachers approach to the vendor and me; they discuss the benefit of education, and asked for my education. I straightforwardly refused to join the center. My teacher regularly visits me, and motivates my vendor regarding education for working children. Once again, he familiarizes me regarding benefits of education, and at last I get ready for schooling in NFE center Machrala. On Feb 21st 01 at 4:00 PM, I entered in the center with fear, but the next moment my fear vanished. I astonished to see that children are studying in very healthy environment, and the classroom was decorated like a bride. I was surprised, my teacher introduces me to all the students, and from that day, I regularly attend the center. My teacher works very hard, and teaches us with love and care. At last, I proved my self in the center, my mother became very happy, and wish that I continued my study. One-day teacher met with my mother, and asked for mainstreaming. My mother smiles with joy, and get ready to do so. With the consent of my parents and with the support of teacher I get enrolled in class 5th at Iqra Public School Machrala. I pass my fifth class exam with third position in class. Now I am the student of class eight. I want to accomplish my education and proved himself as a good businessperson. I am thankful to Sudhaar, if Channan center was not opened in Machrala, may I still worked in the surgical industry.

M. Asif Malhi
Child Name: Father Name: Child Age: Enrollment Date: Trade: Process: NFE Name: M. Asif Malih Majeed Malih (Late) 10 Years 3/04/04 Surgical Filling Gatto Rora

Introduction: M. Asif is a student of Channan 12 Gattorora and the resident of this village. He is 10 years old. He is the only child of their parents. His father had died from his early age. Due to meager family condition, he could not continue his education and joined the surgical work with his uncle. When, Sudhaar started its NFE for surgical children in Gattorora, he was the first who asked for the enrollment in the center. Team made meeting with his vendor and mother and mobilized them for his education. Now he is the most committed and willing student of the center. Student's View: Expiring of my father was one of the great causes of disturbance of my education, and I joined the surgical work. However, whenever I watch the school going children with books in their hands, I always wish to go to school. I asked many a time to mother regarding my education, but she has no resources to educate me. When Sudhaar establish NFE center for surgical children in Gattorora, I know that now I can fulfill my dreams. I am enjoying my study and like my books. My mother too is very happy that I am going to school. His mother narrates that his father was died in his early age so I could not afford his education. From his childhood, he down for education, and many times asked the same, but I could not afford. One day he came home with books and a bag in his hand. On asking him, he narrates the whole story about Sudhaar education system for working children. I am very thankful to all people who providing free education to those deprived children. Teacher's View: Asif was the first student who approaches the center for education. When he was enrolled in the center, he knows nothing. Now he is in class one. He is still working in surgical industry, but with his efforts, something exceptional will be happened in his career thru education. I wish that he will acquire more and more education, and come into limelight as an example and source of encouragement for other children in future.

"Can I get ever go to school"

Child Name: Father Name: Child Age: Enrollment Date: Trade: Process: Mainstreamed: Class: M. Younis Ali Muhammad 11 Year 21-02-01 N-Surgical . Yes 5th Mainstreaming Date: 28-04-03 NFE Name: Machrala Thirteen-year-old an energetic lad, Muhammad Younis was the student in Channan 5 at Machrala. They are six brothers and a sister in a family. His father is a laborer on daily wages. His parents came here from Faisalabad. They could not continue education of their children due to meager financial condition. Instead, the elder son starts working to support the family. Younis was enthusiastic for education, but his parents employ him in a hotel job from where he earned 30 rupees a day. Through some reliable sources Younis come to know that a center for working children was established in Machrala, he came to the center and asked the teacher to meet with his employer and parents for his study. Mr. Javed Iqbal teacher managed to convince both his employer and parents regarding the education of Younis. Younis was an ideal and shining student, supporting teacher in sharing the responsibilities; such as cleanliness, systemization of the center, helping the weak students and in supporting the children as a group leader. Younis was also excellent in motivating other children; he mange to enrolled his brother in the center, he also convinces a fellow surgical worker to join the center as well. Above all, he also supports his teacher in tracking and motivating drop out children. His teacher observes a good potential in him, and continuing grooming him for mainstreaming. Younis pass the entrance test with ease, and enrolled in Govt. Primary School Chakrala from where he passed his primary examination. I looked at the children going to the Channan center caring book with envy, says Younis and I looked at my hands toothed by dish washing in dismay. Can I ever get education? I thought hopping against hope. Younis is grateful for the opportunity he obtains, and he is profusely thankful to his teacher Mr. Javed Iqbal for his love and devotion to children. Younis is now pursuing his elementary education in class six at Govt. High school in Marala, and is a role model to follow for his colleagues.

Rauf Akhtar
Child Name: Father Name: Child Age: Enrollment Date: Trade: Process: Mainstreamed: Class:
Mainstreaming Date:

NFE Name:

Rauf Akhtar Muqbol Hussan 12 Year 11-Mar-02 Surgical Filling Yes 3rd 29-04-02 Machrala

Rauf Akhtar is the son of a Baildar working in irrigation department with the monthly income of 800 when he joins the center in 02. He is 12 years old when he joined the NFE center Machrala. They are two brothers and two sisters in the family. Due to the meager family condition, he left his education from class Three and joined the surgical work. His mother helped him engaging with surgical work. He carries on five months with the work, and performing filling process in the workshop. He earns 300/= per month. He hand over this money to his mother, which will be consumed in house hold expenditure. On asking his father why he left his education and joined surgical work. His father replies God knows why I put my children in surgical work. He further narrates we get loan, and purchase a cow and sold its milk for the education of children. However, due to the burden of loan we sold the cow, so due to financial problems we could not afford the education of children. One day we come to know that a school is established in the area for working children with lot of services. Teacher met with him and asked for the education of children. Firstly, I hesitate but after thinking, I agree on the issue. After five months studying in the center, Rauf was mainstreamed in Govt. Girls Primary School Chakrala in Class three. What Community Think? During the discussion with parents, community at large also participated and provides their valuable suggestions. They point out that in their childhood, this facility (Non Formal education) was inaccessible. Now we comprehend that education is very necessary for the better future and personality. Raufs View: Rauf whispered he is very happy regarding his education; In fact, he is thankful to teachers, Sudhaar, ILO and Italian Trade Union who facilitate him in education. He further relates that after the completion of education, I want to join the office work.

Baqar Ali
Baqar Ali Muqbol Hussan 9 Year 11-Mar-02 Surgical Filling Yes One Mainstreaming Date: 29-04-02 NFE Name: Machrala Baqar Ali is the son of a Baildar working in irrigation department with the monthly income of 800/=. He is 9 years old at the time of joining NFE center Machrala. They are two brothers and two sisters in the family. Due to the meager family condition, he left his education from class one and joined the surgical work. His mother helped him engaging with surgical work. Baqar Ali is the younger brother of Rauf. They left the education and joined the surgical work together, and after that joined the NFE center Machrala and Mainstreamed at the same day. Baqar Views: Baqar Ali relates that he is very worried about his education. His parents could not afford his education. Therefore, to support the family they place both of us in surgical work. After returning from the work, he goes to his friend, and study with him at his house. From his friend he comes to know that a center is established in Machrala for the children who are involved in surgical work. My brother and I got admission in the center. I regularly attend the center, teacher teaches us with love and his method of teaching is very effective and healthier. I learnt my lesson in the classroom, and revise it at home. Then we have to be mainstreamed in Govt. School with the effort of teacher. I continued my study, and got second position in class one. Now, I am the student of class four. Although the center for working children has been closed in Machrala since last two years, but Sudhaar occasionally fulfilling our educational needs. I want to join the Army. With the efforts of Sudhaar and teacher, it could only be happened. I am thankful to all people who helped me for my education. I pray that God might provide success all those persons in their in fulfilling their goals. Child Name: Father Name: Child Age: Enrollment Date: Trade: Process: Mainstreamed: Class:

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Muhammad Saeed
Child Name: Father Name: Child Age: Enrollment Date: Trade: Process: Mainstreamed: Class:
Mainstreaming Date:

NFE Name:

M. Saeed M. Ashraf 12 Year 13-Sep-03 Surgical Filling Yes Two 29-04-02 Uggoki

Introduction: Muhammad Saeed is very intelligent student of Channan Center # 8 Uggoki. They are five brothers and three sisters in the family. He was in 2nd class when he left his education. He is working in surgical workshop since one year without any interest in the field. After the time span of one-year, he was enrolled in Channan center. Channan teacher Mr. Mohsin Riaz made meeting with his parents for mainstreaming. So, with the consent of parents he was mainstreamed in 2nd class at Govt. Primary School Uggoki. At Govt. school He attain 2nd position in class two, and 1st position in class three. Now he is in class 4th and determines to get 1st position again. How He attached with this Work: Saeed narrates that he was in class two at Govt. Boys Primary School Uggoki. The school closed for three months for the summer vocations. During the summer vocations, his father forced him to left education and put him in surgical work. Therefore, the summer vocations become the reason of his dropout, and joined the tough and hazardous work. Admission at NFE Center: Saeeds mother explains that one day Channan teacher came to me, and asked for the education of Saeed. Firstly, I hesitate to talk with him on this issue, but then I told him that I discuss about the issue with his father. I discussed the matter with his father, and he discusses the issue with his vendor. Therefore, Saeed started his education in NFE. After the few months, his teacher came to me again, and discuss about the Saeeds mainstreaming to formal school. His parents agreed and we enrolled him again in Govt School. Now, he is regularly attending the school. His teachers are very satisfied with his performance. They assessed that he is very regular and intelligent student. He is the monitor of his class. He has done school homework regularly, and stands for 1st position in class ever year. They hope that he will prove to be a good student in future. Saeed is satisfied with his schooling. He told that it is due to the efforts of my teacher that I am able to continue my education. If Channan center was not opened in our village perhaps, I am still working in surgical industry. He further claims I want to become doctor to serve poor people. 11

Yasir Ali
Child Name: Father Name: Child Age: Enrollment Date: Trade: Process: Mainstreamed: Class:
Mainstreaming Date:

NFE Name:

Yasir Ali Nasir Ali 12 Year 08 -01-03 Surgical Filling Yes Six 13-apr-04 Uggoki

Introduction: Twelve years old Yasir Ali is the student of Channan 8 Uggoki. His uncle took the responsibility as a caretaker after the death of his father. They are four brothers and two sisters. His uncle put him on his workshop, but he is greatly desirous for education. Due to poor financial condition of the family, his mother could not afford the education of the children. After the establishment of Channan center in Uggoki, teacher met with his vendor and motivates him to send the child in center. Now, he was the most regular student of the center. He has passed 5th standard examination from the platform of Sudhaar. Now he is studying in class 6th. Student's View: Due to poor financial condition of the family, I joined surgical workshop with my uncle, communicates Yasir Ali. Occasionally, on seeing the school going children with books in their hands, I usually think would I ever go to school. Several time I asked about the issue with my mother, but she started weeping because she has no resources to educate me. I become very happy and enthusiastic to know that a Channan center has been established in Uggoki, which provide free of cost education to the working children. In the beginning my uncle reluctant to send me to the center, but later on with the support of channan teacher and Sudhaar team he agreed. My mother is also very happy that his child is getting education. I am proud on my teacher and Sudhaar that they bring change for me. I am thankful to all the people that encourage me and provide me an opportunity to get education. Mothers View I could not afford the education of children due to the meager condition of family after the death of my husband. However, his wish for attaining education grows day by day along with his growing age, but I could do nothing. One day he came home with books and bag along with smiling face. On asking he replies that he get admission in NFE center in which free education is providing to children. I says prayer of thank to God, for providing such an opportunity for deprived children.

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Friend's view: Usman Yasir Alis closest friend communicate that he is working in surgical shop instead of going to school and playing with us. Usually he communicates that he is tired of his life. Now, he is very happy for the opportunity of attaining education. I am happy now we study and play together Teacher's View: Yasir was student of 2nd when he enrolled in the center. He worked hard, passed his fifth class exams conducted District Education Department Sialkot. Now he is in 6th class with his efforts. I pray to my God that he should get more and more education in his life, and provide encouragement to other students. Vendors View: He is my nephew by relation, after the death of his father; I employ him at my surgical shop. It should be my responsibility to provide education to him after the death of my brother. However, my less income was the main hurdle. I thankful to all the people who provide opportunity for education to these children.

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Basharat Ali
Child Name: Father Name: Child Age: Enrollment Date: Trade: Process: Mainstreamed: Class:
Mainstreaming Date:

NFE Name:

Basharat Ali Lyquat Ali 12 Year 08 -01-03 Surgical Filling Yes Three 31-May-03 Uggoki

Fourteen years old, Basharat Ali belongs to village Uggoki. He is the student of Channan # 8 Uggoki. They are four brothers and two sisters. His father belongs to surgical profession. Due to the harsh attitude of the teacher he left, formal school. His father compels him to join surgical workshop. On joining the NFE center, he came to know the motto of center, which is No Punishment for the children. Teacher asked him to sit-down and teaches other students in a friendly way. Seeing the behavior of the teacher with his student, he really impressed and asked teacher enrolled his name too in center. After his admission in the center, teacher gradually prepares him for mainstreaming. He made meetings with his parents, and enrolled him in formal school with the conformation from Headmaster and his schoolteachers that no punishment for the children in school. Student's View: I am very afraid of my former teacher because he punishes us with stick, and keep us standing for a long time. That is why I left the school. In the formal school I have done my home work daily. Occasionally, my Channan teacher also met with my teacher. Now I am enjoying my studies. Parents of Basharat Mother of Basharat speaks that several time we admonished to visit his school, but he gave not attention. The reality is he did not want to work. He regularly attends the center. I am happy that he has started his education once again. Mr. Mohsin teacher came to me and told me that he wants to enroll Basharat in the center. I thanked God in providing the opportunity of education to the children. Teacher's View: Basharat Ali is a very shining and hardworking boy. He was enrolled in 2nd class, but with his hard work, he is now in 6th class. He has passed primary exam in a great position. I wish him for his bright future, and hope he could not left his education again.

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Usman Nazir
Child Name: Father Name: Child Age: Enrollment Date: Trade: Process: Primary Pass: Primary Pass on: NFE center: Usman Nazir Nazir Ahmed 13 Year 08 -01-03 Surgical Filling Yes 4-06-05 Bonkan

Usman Nazir resident of Akhtar Chowk Okara, belongs to a wretched family. His father is a Milkman, which is the only source of income of the family. They are six brothers, three sisters, and live hand to mouth life. Usman narrates his story boldly but tears in his eyes. I have longing for education, but the harsh behavior of my teacher made me fed up of education, and I left the school forever. One day my uncle Mr. Muhammad Asif came to me from Sialkot. In Sialkot, he was attached with surgical work. He inquires from my father about my routines and education. He come to acknowledge with my routines, and promised my father to train me. I came to Sialkot with my uncle. In Sialkot, I started surgical work at his workshop. In the beginning, I have to face many difficulties to become acquainted with the surgical work, but after some time I become a skillful worker. I know that it is much hazardous process for my health, but what can I do? I have to earn for my large family to support. One day Sudhaar team visited our workshop. They discussed with my uncle about the issues of child labor and child rights. Mr. Zia Ullah came to me and asked my name politely. He orientates me about the Surgical Project and inform that we want to support you to get education again. He informs my uncle that Usman is too little to work, he should attain education. Therefore, they requested him to send me at NFE center for education. I got admission in the center with the permission of my uncle. Miss Asma is our teacher. She is very punctual, committed and nice woman. She welcomed me at the center, gave me educational kit and started teaching on the same day. I got admission in 5th class. After one year June 4,2005, I appeared in primary exams at Govt. Boys Primary School Uggoki. I attain 4th position from the center. Additionally, I want to get vocational training in the same trade with the support of Sudhaar. I am sure that after some years, I would be in the line of skilled worker to earn a handsome income for my family.

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"Hopes Become True"

Khuram Faiz Khuram Faiz is the shining student of Channan 6 Katcha Shahab Pura. He has three brothers and two sisters. His father is a carpenter. He left his education from class five because he found no future. Therefore, he joined the surgical work; his father supports him in getting job. In surgical he worked in filling and grinding process. Khurram speaks by his own voice, that a Channan center was opened in Shahab Pura for children working in surgical processes. My teacher came to my shop, met with my vendor and motivates him for my study. Firstly, I am reluctant to attain education, because I have no interest in education but with a massive speech of my teacher I agree in attaining education. Healthier environment of the center and soft attitude of teacher modify my thinking, and I contemplate that school is a better station for me. Khurram came regularly in the center for study. His teacher prepared him for the primary center exams, meets with his parents and discusses regarding his education. His mother believed that this is my hope that my son should get education. I pray for his success when he took the primary exam. Finally, he passed the exam with good marks. Khuram is a student of epitome, supporting his teacher in sharing the responsibilities regarding center; such as cleanliness, maintaining discipline in the center and helping students in their education. His teacher psychological observes him, and formulates him for mainstreaming. He has been mainstreamed in Govt. Boys Elementary School Shahab Pura with the efforts of teacher and his mother. He worked hard, appeared in middle school examination and obtains good marks. Now he is the student of class nine. During the follow up of mainstreamed children, team met him in his school and asked, Are the teacher beats you? With a smile, he replays, If we complete our work why teacher beat us. In the end, he alleged that there is too much difference between surgical work and education. Basic education is very necessary for children. With out education we are blind.

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Mohsin Riaz
Teacher Surgical NFE Uggoki Channan # 8

Introduction In any system of education, teachers occupy the central position. No education system can be better than the quality of its teachers. The competence and quality of teachers determine the heights to which education system can rise. The role of the teacher is singularly crucial and significant. Mr. Mohsin Riaz is working with Sudhaar as NFE teacher since last two years in Surgical NFE center Uggoki. He is naturally social worker. Trainings After joining Sudhaar as NFE teacher, he attains several trainings from Sudhaar like; Pre-service Teachers Training, Content base trainings on English, Urdu and Mathematics, Multi Grade Teaching Methods, Teaching Methodologies and Classroom Management to teach the students with the utilization of new techniques. He communicates to Sudhaar team that in the binging it was very difficult for him to teach the students and thinking of to left the job because handling to working children is very tough job. Later, with the follow up support of Sudhaar, I changed my mind. I accept it as a challenge, and develop strong relations with CEC members, parents and children. He with great efforts also develops Mother Groups in the center. Due to his strong relation with community, CEC and Parents he attain success in very early stage. Furthermore, he established strong linkages with formal schoolteacher also. With his efforts, 30 students have to mainstream to formal school. He also prepared 5 children for primary exam, which obtained good marks in the exam. Children Views Mostly children alleged that when he approaches at workshops, and asked for education. We thought that he teach us like formal school teachers, shall give punishment on little mistakes, gave heavy home work, and punishes us on not fulfilling the task. But when we entered in the center the environment was totally changed; class room was well decorated, sitting arrangement excellent, no concept of punishment and sir teaches us with totally different method with love and affection. He utilizes different activities during the teaching. Occasionally, he appreciates the children. Last but not the least, children communicates that he is playing with us and frequently made meetings with vendors and parents for our bright future.

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Javed Iqbal
Teacher Surgical NFE Macharala Channan # 5

Javaid Iqbal is 35 years old, working as a teacher from last 15 years in Govt. Boys Primary School Chakrala. He is renowned for his hard work among his collogues. When Sudhaar established NFE center at Machrala in 2000 for working children in surgical industry, he offered his services as a teacher. He speaks that he learnt lot about teaching methodologies during trainings, and implement these techniques in both Formal & NonFormal sector and found valuable results.

As a NFE Teacher in Machrala

Javed Iqbal appointed as NFE teacher in Channan center Machrala in 2000. He enrolled 76 children, out of these 25 were mainstreamed to formal education, 9 children were pass the primary exam, 18 children got Pre-vocational training from ATC and five children left the surgical work and joined less hazardous work. During running of the center, he developed strong CEC and Mother group. These groups facilitate in solving center problems. He claims that in Non-formal education to achieve the expected goals, your relations with Community, CEC, Parents and children should be strong.

Community View:
CEC members, Parents and Children speak very interesting comments related to him. Parents communicate His heart filled with soft feelings regarding deserving. CEC members alleged He is very punctual, regular and hard working regarding his duties during the running of the center. They further communicates that NFE center has been closed from last two years, but he still come to our shops and discussed about the education of children. He frequently meets with the parents of mainstream children and inquires about their education from them. He also provided all those things to children, which should be necessary for their education. CEC members point out that we visit the Vendors workshop with Mr. Javed. During the visit, we found that only 5 to 7 new children under the age of 7 to 14 years joined this industry. The result of strong mobilization and follows up in last two years is that only seven children joined this industry.

Javed Views:
Mr. Javed speaks that I found this job very tough after joining Sudhaar. However, due to the effort of Sudhaar team and provision of several teachers training sessions, I decided that I would have to work for these poor and illiterate children. Mr. Javed further relates that follow up of children is very necessary in a village, other wise they will have to drop out. He told that NFE center was closed, but I regularly met with CEC and parents because still I feel myself as the part of Sudhaar. Mr. Javed narrates, I am working with children from long term, if I would not help children then these children would drop out and joined surgical work like other children again. Mr. Javed said Our real aim is to pull out children from work and put them in education It should be our responsibility and voice of heart to support deserving without awaiting anyone.

Children Comments:
His NFE students comment, When the people like Sir Javed are in this world, no one can stop the children from acquiring education

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Ms. Bushra (Mother of Child Asif Malhi)

Member of Mother group

Mother groups are the one of the crucial intervention of the surgical children program. This is the parent group belong to a specified area which support project team in implementing the program, and different interventions done under the knowledge and supervision of these groups. These groups should be supportive for the sustainability of any program regarding both formal and nonformal education sector. Ms. Bushra the mother of a child Asif Malhi, who is receiving education from Channan center Gattorora, speaks about herself that my marriage was taking place in Sheikhupura. I have two daughters and one son. Few years ago, my husband died. I belong to a deprived family. We had no shelter, so, I left Sheikhupura with my children, and settled in village Gatto Rora with my brother. I stitch football for my children. In spite of a day long work, I could not I could not afford the expenses of the education for the children. Due to lot of hard work, I could not provide education to my only son. For increasing my income, and to protect him from bad company I put him to a Surgical Workshop. One year ago Sudhaar Surgical team came to our village, and arranged a meeting with community in Channan Center. In the past, we did not know the importance of education and to send children to school. During the meeting, we get acquainted with the responsibilities of parents. It is our first and foremost duty that not only to earn living for the children, but to provide education to them as well. I feel proud my son Asif is the first child who enrolled in Channan Center. I try my level best to participate in Monthly Mother Meeting. I frequently visit the NFE center, and discuss the study condition of my child with teacher. She said, it is not only the duty of an individual, but it is the duty of whole society Sudhaar, ILO and Italian Social partners are providing every thing for the education of our children, now it is our duty to spread the light of education home to home with Sudhaar. She further communicates that that we are with them for the betterment of education, and we discussed the issue of education in Friday prayer. We are providing awareness among the parents especially, mothers not send their children for work. During the awareness-raising meeting, three children (sibling) were found, who are not attending the school. With the efforts of parents group, these children were enrolled in formal school. It should be the primary objective of Gattor Roral Mother Group that, no single child of the age 59 years will be out of school. Good helps Those who helps them self.

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Mr. Dilawar Hussain

CEC Member Share about the Surgical Programme

Mr. Dilawar Hussain is the resident of Gohad Pur. He is at third number of his brothers and sisters. He is a married person with one son and three daughters. He is attached with surgical industry for the last 30 years. He started surgical work at the age of 7 years. He works in the fitting process of surgical instruments. He spent a long period of 10 years to become a maker. He says about surgical industry, "To work in surgical industry is too much painstaking; it only knows who is involved in this job." Many children approach me to learn the skill. I have had produce many surgical makers since I established my own workshop. Today they are working by themselves on their own accord. Talking about the Sudhaar Program Dilawar Hussain says, few years ago Sudhaar team came on my shop and inform me that they want to established a NFE center in Gohad Pur for working children. Team told me that 18 children were identified during the survey, I was much surprised, I visited with surgical team on workshop-to-workshop and developed a group consists of committed persons. Then this group visited Sudhaar office, and meet with Mr. Fawad Usman khan and other people, they gave lot of respect to us. Mr. Fawad discussed the whole program with us along with its benefits. Then he allotted a name to this group Community Education Committee. I was the chairman of this committee. With collective efforts the first Surgical NFE center was inaugurated on 29-sep-00. Mr. Dalawer claims that, education is the basic right of every child. I should provide education to all children who are working in my shop. Out of these children, three had pass the primary exam, one was mainstreamed to formal education and seven children got Pre-vocational training belongs to his shop. In this regard, Sudhaar program is beneficial that enables them to become good citizens in their future as skilful persons of the country. As a CEC member, he did a lot for this program. Now he is a member of (SIMAP) under the ILO program. Un less the NFE center was closed in Gohad Pur, but his commitment is still alive and he is willing to support Sudhaar for this noble cause in future also.

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