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The synthesis and assembly of small hard magnetic thesis, a mechanical stirrer was used to avoid agglomeration
nanoparticles have attracted much attention because of their of the partially ordered FePt nanoparticles. After cooling, the
potential applications in ultrahigh-density magnetic inert gas protected system could be opened to ambient envi-
recording.1–7 Nanoparticles of ferromagnetic materials with ronment. The black product was precipitated by adding
reduced sizes can support only single magnetic domains and 40 ml of ethanol 共or hexane兲, and the mixture was centri-
potentially lead to dramatic increases in storage density. The fuged to isolate the particles from the brown supernatant.
ordered L10 phase of FePt systems possesses high magneto- The dispersibility of the final black product, Fe53Pt47, was
crystalline anisotropy 共Ku: ⬃ 7 ⫻ 107 erg/ cc兲 and allows the tested in several different hydrophobic solvents, such as hex-
use of thermally stable particles with 3 – 4 nm in diameter as ane, toluene, and cyclohexanone.
the basic unit for recording. However, the as-synthesized par- The microstructure and morphology of the partially or-
ticles are reported to be superparamagnetic, chemically dis- dered FePt nanoparticles were observed using a Hitachi
ordered, and fcc in structure. To obtain the L10 structure, the model H-8000 transmission electron microscope 共TEM兲. In
particles need to undergo annealing at a temperature as high hexane and toluene solvents with a small amount of oleic
as 580 ° C. The postannealing leads to poor control over the acid and oleylamine as stabilizers, the partially ordered FePt
spatial arrangement of nanoparticles through extensive par- particles tend to precipitate and aggregate. Figure 1共a兲 is a
ticle aggregation. Additionally, since the particles prepared typical TEM image for the partially ordered FePt particles
with the conventional method are chemically disordered,1 or- with hexane as the solvent. Clearly, the agglomeration was
ganizing them on a surface with their magnetic easy axes significant. In principle, only dispersed particles can be
aligned is difficult, limiting their technological applications. aligned; however, it is hard to separate and align aggregated
Recently, Jeyadenvan et al. have tried to directly synthesize particles. Therefore, appropriate surfactants and solvent need
partially order FePt nanoparticles at 300 ° C.8 Also Reiss et to be found in order to re-disperse the partially ordered FePt
al. have made partially ordered FePt nanoparticles using a nanoparticles. Polyvinlychloride 共PVC兲 is well known as a
biological route.9 However, the nanoparticles prepared with polymer binder for magnetic tape particles.10 It can be dis-
these methods were significantly aggregated. In this letter, solved in cyclohexanone. Before the ligands were ex-
we report a simple route to directly synthesize and align changed, the FePt particles were cleaned with acetone. Then
partially ordered and re-dispersible FePt nanoparticles. the particles and the PVC-cyclohexanone solution were
The synthesis of partially ordered Fe53Pt47 nanoparticles mixed using an ultrasonic agitator for several hours. This
involves the thermal decomposition of Fe共CO兲5 and procedure yielded a stable FePt dispersion. Figure 1共b兲
Pt共acac兲2 in a high boiling point solvent. The experiments shows the TEM image of partially ordered FePt nonao-
paticles coated with the PVC polymer binder. Although there
were carried out using standard airless procedures. A mixture
was a somewhat broad distribution of particle sizes, it is
of platinum acetylacetonate 共120 mg兲,
obvious that the particles were separated. There was no sig-
1-adamantanecarboxylic acid 共ACA 250 mg兲, and hexadecy-
nificant aggregation, which would make it easier for the par-
lamine 共HDA 8 g兲 was heated to 100 ° C in a three-necked
ticles to be aligned under an external magnetic field. The
round-bottom flask under a nitrogen atmosphere. After these
average particle size was about 8 nm.
chemicals were completely dissolved in HDA, the mixture In-plane magnetic hystersis loops and remanence curves
was heated to 160 ° C, and Fe共CO兲5 共0.05 mL兲 was added to were measured on a Princeton Micromag 2900 alternating
this solution via syringe. Then the temperature was quickly gradient magnetometer using a 19 kOe saturating field.
increased to 350– 360 ° C and held there for 3 h. During syn- Shown in Fig. 2共a兲 are the room-temperature hysteresis loop
and remanence curve of the as-made FePt nanoparticles. The
a兲
Electronic mail: skang@mint.ua.edu value of M s was not determined because of the unknown
FIG. 2. 共a兲 In-plane hysteresis loop and remanence curve for partially or-
dered FePt nanoparticles. 共b兲 In-plane hysteresis loops for applied field par-
allel 共solid line兲 and perpendicular 共dashed line兲 to the aligning direction.
All measurements are done at room temperature.
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