ELECTROCHEMISTRY

1. Define electrolyte and non electrolyte.

2. Explain why solid sodium chloride, NaCl, cannot conduct electric current while sodium chloride in a molten state or an aqueous solution can conduct electric current?

3. Classify the following chemical compounds into electrolytes (E) and non-electrolytes (NE). Molten copper (II) chloride Lead (II) nitrate solution Copper metal Naphthalene Sodium hydroxide solution Sulphur Nitric acid Bromine solution Tetrachloromethane 4. State the observation of the product of electrolysis process and determine the electrode of the products. Product Observation Electrode Chlorine gas Aluminium metal Sodium metal Bromine vapour Copper metal Oxygen gas Iodine vapour Hydrogen gas Zinc 5. Predict the products of electrolysis of molten compounds at the anode and the cathode. Molten compound Anode (+) Cathode (-) Molten potassium oxide Molten calcium chloride Molten sodium iodide Molten copper(II)bromide Molten magnesium oxide 6. The experiment below is performed to study the electrolysis of molten zinc chloride.

a. b. b. c.

Why does zinc chloride need to be in molten form? Name the particles in molten zinc chloride. Name the ions attracted to the anode and the

cathode.

d. e. f.

What can be observed at the anode and the cathode? What are the products formed at the anode and the cathode? Write the half equations for the reactions occurring at the anode and the cathode.

7. Name the ions in the aqueous solutions given. Aqueous solution Sodium chloride solution Copper(II) solution Nirtic acid sulphate Ions present Anion cation

8. Classify those ions as cations and anions. Then, rearrange them based on their positions in the electrochemical series. 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ + Hg Ca Mg Br F Zn H + 2+ 2+ 3+ K Cl I Sn Cu Al OH 23+ 2+ + + 2+ NO3 SO4 Au Pb Na Ag Fe 9. Determine the types of anion and cation which are present in the electrolyte solutions given. Determine also the types of anion and cation which will be chosen for discharge at the anode and the cathode. State the products formed at the anode and the cathode. Ion which is chosen for Product Electrolyte solution Anion Cation discharge Anode Cathode Anode Cathode Dilute nitric acid Dilute copper(II) chloride solution Silver sulphate solution Sodium hydroxide solution Zinc nitrate solution 10. State three factors influencing the choice of ions to be discharged.

11. Complete the table below by predicting the products of electrolysis of the aqueous solutions and write the half equations. Then, write the factors determining the choice of ions to be discharged. Product and half- equation at the Electrolyte solution Dilute HNO3 sol. Conc. ZnCl2 sol. NaI sol. Ag2SO4 Type of anode Carbon electrode Platinum electrode Graphite electrode Silver electrode Type of cathode Carbon electrode Platinum electrode Graphite electrode Carbon electrode Anode cathode Factor determining the choice of ion at the anode