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Home >> Placementweek >> NTPC>> Test Paper :3 This NTPC Paper is viewed by 1758 times

Test Paper :3 Paper Type Test Date Posted By : Whole Testpaper : 4 May 2008 :MD

Test Location : KOLKATA

NTPC PAPER ON 4th MAY KOLKATA Technical ( control and instrumentation): 1. expression for (n): u(n)-u(n-1)/ u(n-1)-u(n+1)/ u(n)+u(n+1)/... 2. numerical on a photodiode: to calculate the responsivity/sensitivity when a specified no of incident photons cause a specified no of electron generation. 3. for a radioactive sample which decays to 12.5% of its initial value in x days, the half life is given by.. 4. connect two 1 resistors in series, then connect two 1H inductors across one of the resistors such that the ckt looks like a 1 resistor in series with a -section of a resistor and two inductors. With the series resistance on the i/p side, calc the transfer function of this ckt 5. AC signal conditioning is used for inductive and capacitive/resistive/piezoelectric transducers/all of the above. 6. lower useful input limit of a transducer is determined by 7. air-cored inductors are used for low frequency/high frequency/equal frequency operations. 8. given 4 pole-zero plots identify which one corresponds to the driving point impedance of a series resonant ckt.

9. given four unit-circle plots identify the one corresponding to a bandpass filter. 10. the sequence (2,3,4,3) is circularly even/circularly odd/circularly zero/both circularly even and odd. 11. z-transform of 3n u(n). 12. match the following with their characteristics: LED/LCD/nixie tube/optical fibre. 13. a 4 kHz signal is sampled at thrice the Nyquist rate and sent through a channel with error 1%. Calc the bandwidth of the channel. 14. given an op-amp ckt obtain an expression for o/p voltage. 15. no. of encirclements made about the origin of the nyquist plot of the open loop TF:1/[(s-1)(s+2)(s+3)]. 16. given a two port network in the form of a T find o/p admittance in terms of y-parameters. 17. for a repeater in a PCM cable identify the correct sequence of actions amongst threshold/equalization/etc. 18. o/p of a delta modulator when a ramp input is fed to it. 19. steady state error with ramp i/p for a type-0 system. 20. creeping occurs in energy meters bcoz. 21. ultrasonic method of flow measurement cannot be used in liquids with air bubbles/has less attenuation in air compared to liquid-identify the false statement (if any) among these. 22. major cause of losses in a fibre optic cable: dispersion/total internal refraction/presence of core and cladding/ 23. which layer in the OSI model is concerned with printer buffering,etc: network/session/transport/ 24. given some function F(j) calc its inverse CTFT. 25. relation between laplace and z-transform: s=z/ s=ln z/ s=( ln z/T) / 26. maxm and minm probability error among ASK,PSK,FSK,DPSK etc 27. which of the following is a non linear modulation scheme: PAM/QAM/PCM/ 28. match the following functions: e-t , e-t + et, sin(t) with causal and stable system, causal and unstable system, etc. 29. given a ckt with a 50 resistor in series between two voltage sources of 10 V and 5 V magnitude calc power delivered by 5 V source. 30. laplace transform of e-3tu(t)+e2tu(-t). 31. which photodetector has output affected by own intrinsic noise: PN/APD/PIN/all. 32. inverse laplace transform of 1/s2[d/ds(e-3s/s)] 33. when I mode is added to proportional control system stability increases/ decreases/ steady state performance deteriorates/damping increases. 34. reset control is another name for integral/derivative/proportional/. Control. 35. time response of system having transfer function 625/(s2+25) will be of the form 36. given some transfer function calc the peak response time. 37. the nyquist sampling rate of the function [sin(at)/t]2 will be 38. the feedback topology that results in increased i/p and o/p impedance is current series/voltage series/current shunt voltage shunt.

39. numerical on cardiac output calculation given heart rate and volume per beat. 40. in an ECG instrumentation amplifier the differential gain is provided by 1st stage/2nd stage/mismatched resistors/output stage. 41. repeat ques 40 above for the classic 3-op amp instrum amplifier. 42. EMG signals are of the order of mV/V/V/ 43. computer assisted tomography is used for 44. numerical on electrostatic instrument, to calculate deflection given spring constant, torque etc. 45. to prevent loading of a ckt i/p impedance of a CRO should bee high/low/inductive/capacitive. 46. addition of a zero to a 2nd order underdamped system results in increase/decrease of rise time and increase/decrease of peak overshoot. 47. for PI ctrl we obtain improved bandwidth/improved steady state performance/ worsened steady state performance/ 48. SNR of normal AM system is comparable/3 dB lower/3 dB higher/6 dB lower over DSB-SC and SSB system. 49. which is an effective measure of the noise related performance of an amplifier: SNR/noise ratio/thermal noise/shot noise. 50. given baseband signal freq and carrier freq calc which of the freq given will not be present for conventional AM. 51. distinction between FM and PM at high frequencies. 52. which of these has the least propagation delay RTL/ECL/I2L/CMOS. 53 switching speed of CMOS is affected/unaffected by changes in supply voltage. 54. which of these provides a measure of heart rate P/QRS complex/T/none of these. 55. given a ckt of a logarithmic amplifier you had to identify what ckt was it. 56. JFET can operate in depletion/enhancement/both/none of the above modes. 57. when a BJT operates in saturation the junctions are fwd biased/reverse biased/ 58. BIBO stability criterion implies that poles are within/outside/on the unit circle. 59. for faithful amplification of low amplitude signals the cut-off/active/saturation regions of a transistor is used. 60. lissajous pattern of a signal rotates 36 times per minute. if the oscillator frequency is 560 kHz then the unknown freq is 61. % resolution of a 10 bit ADC. 62. to obtain 10 mV resolution on 5 V range how many bit DAC is to be used.. 63. why is LCD preferred to LED. 64. how will 0.6973 be displayed on 10 V range of a 4 digit multimeter. 65. which of the following cannot be used for an automatic feedback temp ctrl system thermocouple/thermometer/thermistor/IC sensor. 66. y(n)=x(-n+3) is an example of a linear/non linear and shift variant/invariant system. 67. the falling body method is used to determine viscosity/humidity/. 68. which of these methods of viscosity measurement gives greatest accuracy falling body method/rotating cylinder method/both/ 69. some question on gas chromatography

70.a device having a rotor with 3 Y-connected coils and a stator is likely to be a synchro/RVDT/control transformer/ 71. in a twisted ring counter the initial count is 1000. after the 4th clock pulse its state will be. 72. a 240 kHz signal is given into a 3 bit binary ripple counter. The lowest o/p freq obtainable is. 73. for parity bit checking which of the following gates can be used XOR/NAND/OR/XNOR. 74. why is a BJT called so.. 75. identify the expression for gauge factor of a strain gauge among the given options. 76. in a semiconductor strain gauge as tensile strain is applied what changes take place in the n and p areas.. 77. how does a radioactive level gauging system work 78. a capacitive transducer measuring level works on the principle of change in distance between plates/change in dielectric strength/ 79. for maximum power transfer in an AC circuit the condition to be satisfied is ZL+ZS=0/XL+XS=0/none of these/.where l and s refers to load and source resp. 80. find the transfer function from a block diagram. 81. synchronous ctrs are preferred to asynchronous ctrs bcoz they are faster/glitches at the output can be avoided/both/none of these. 82. the lissajous figure formed on an oscilloscope looks like the English figure of 8. if the vertical channel input is 1 kHz the horizontal input freq is. 83. IE=IC for a transistor in saturation/cutoff/active/both saturation and active regions. 84. reproducibility of measurements is called accuracy/precision/linearity/none of these. 85. which of these is not strictly a static characteristic accuracy/precision/tolerance/linearity. 86. the shunt coil in a Q meter has resistance of the order of m//k/.. 87. for measuring inductance of high Q coils the bridge used is Maxwell-wien/Schering/ 88. which of these measures inductance in terms of capacitance Maxwell and hay/Maxwell and Schering/hay and Schering/ 89. in a flip-flop with preset and clear inputs both are applied simultaneously/clear is cleared when preset is applied/preset is cleared when clear is applied/. 90. what happens when the RET instruction is encountered by 8085 91. a 1024*8 memory chip needs how many address lines 92. what happens when the PUSH instruction is encountered by 8051. 93. in FM relation between no of sidebands w.r.t. modulating freq 94. numerical on DPSK. 95. a multiplexer accepts input data and provides one output all the time/one output at a time/many outputs at a time/many outputs all the time. 96. pulse modulation is essentially a process of multiplexing/. 97. wave shape is altered by clipper/clamper/voltage doubler/amplifier. 98. 4 signals of frequencies 100,100,200 and 400 Hz are sampled at nyquist rate and sent through TDM on a channel.the bandwidth of the channel is

99. superposition can be applied to a ckt with initial conditions/non-linear ckt/ 100. kelvins double bridge is used for the measurement of 101. which of these is not an active transducer thermocouple/solar cell/RTD/none of these. 102. oscillator using positive feedback has gain of 0//undefined value/ 103. wien bridge oscillator should initially have closed loop gain >3/<3/=3/ 104. some question on gain margin and phase shift of a system. 105. fourier series expansion of even function has sine terms only/cosine terms only/no odd harmonics/ 106. full wave rectifier gives clean dc o/p/dc o/p with small ripple/positive half and inverted negative half of i/p as o/p. 107. which of these values of gives damped oscillations: 0/1/1.6/0.6 108. for a transformer of ratio 1:a and excited by a source V with impedances Z1 and Z2 on the primary and secondary side value of a for maxm power transfer should be.. 109. fourier transform of cos(0t) is 110. at t=0 the step response of a 1st order system is. 111. 555 can be used as a monostable/astable/freq dividing ckt/all of these. 112. in a PT when the secondary is open ckted with the primary excited what will happen. 113. if a system is marginally stable then the nature of oscillations will be 114. linear encoders mostly use straight binary/BCD/gray code. 115. for an accelerometer working in displacement mode the ratio of forcing freq to natural freq should be.. Thats all I can remember! One fact which I wish to mention is that many questions contained options which were repeated, e.g. Both a) and b) were 5. it was difficult making a choice in these cases. Aptitude(70 ques): Most of the questions were straightforward. There were questions involving profit and loss, ratio-proportion, DI from piecharts, one RC passage and other questions from verbal. The ones involving verbal were quite confusing, as none of the options seemed to fit the question,e.g there were some questions in which you had to find the word farthest in meaning to a given word. The word given was judicious, and the options were illegal, obscure, case and some other. The same was the case with the other four questions of this sort. Overall it was an ok sort of paper, though the negligible weightage given to instrumentation related questions was somewhat surprising.
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Written test will be of two hours duration and will have two sections. Section -I will be the technical part having 55 questions with differential markings and section-II will be the aptitude part having 35 questions on verbal ability, logical reasoning, data interpretation, arithmatic etc. Candidates have to show competency in both the sections. There will be negative marking of 1/4 for each wrong question Control & Instrumentation
1. Basics of Circuits and Measurement Systems: Kirchoffs laws, mesh and nodal Analysis. Circuit theorems. One-port and two-port Network Functions. Static and dynamic characteristics of Measurement Systems. Error and uncertainty analysis. Statistical analysis of data and curve fitting. 2. Transducers, Mechanical Measurement and Industrial Instrumentation: Resistive, Capacitive, Inductive and piezoelectric transducers and their signal conditioning. Measurement of displacement, velocity and acceleration (translational and rotational), force, vibration and shock. Measurement of pressure, flow, temperature and liquid level. Measurement of pH, conductivity, humidity, hydrazine, silica, dissolved O2. Units and standards of measurement. 3. Analog Electronics: Characteristics of diode, BJT, JFET and MOSFET. Diode circuits. Transistors at low and high frequencies, Amplifiers, single and multi-stage. Feedback amplifiers. Operational amplifiers, characteristics and circuit configurations. Instrumentation amplifier. Precision rectifier. V-to-I and I-to-V converter. Op-Amp based active filters. Oscillators and signal generators. Voltage stabiliser and regulator circuits. Inverter and converter circuits. 4. Digital Electronics: Combinational logic circuits, minimization of Boolean functions. IC families, TTL, MOS and CMOS. Arithmetic circuits. Comparators, Schmitt trigger, timers and mono-stable multi-vibrator. Sequential circuits, flip-flops, counters, shift registers. Multiplexer, S/H circuit. Analog-to-Digital and Digital-to-Analog converters. Basics of number system. Microprocessor applications, memory and input-output interfacing. Microcontrollers. 5. Signals and Systems: Definitions and properties of Laplace transform, continuous-time and discrete-time Fourier series, continuous-time and discrete-time Fourier Transform, DFT and FFT, z-transform. Sampling theorem. Linear Time-Invariant (LTI) Systems: definitions and properties; causality, stability, impulse response, convolution, poles and zeros, parallel and cascade structure, frequency response, group delay, phase delay. Signal transmission through LTI systems. 6. Communications: Random signals and noise: probability, random variables, probability density function, autocorrelation, power spectral density. Analog communication systems: amplitude and angle modulation and demodulation systems, spectral analysis of these operations, superheterodyne receivers; elements of hardware, realizations of analog communication systems; signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) calculations for amplitude modulation (AM) and frequency modulation (FM) for low noise conditions. Fundamentals of information theory and channel capacity theorem. Digital communication systems: pulse code

modulation (PCM), differential pulse code modulation (DPCM), digital modulation schemes: amplitude, phase and frequency shift keying schemes (ASK, PSK, FSK), matched filter receivers, bandwidth consideration and probability of error calculations for these schemes. Basics of TDMA, FDMA and CDMA and GSM. Basic Network topology and Net work hard wares. LAN / WAN configurations. UTP and OFC Links and components. Serial and parallel communication, Shielding and grounding. IEEE standards and broadband. 7. Electrical and Electronic Measurements: Bridges and potentiometers, measurement of R,L and C. Measurements of voltage, current, power, power factor and energy. A.C & D.C current probes. Extension of instrument ranges. Q-meter and waveform analyzer. Digital voltmeter and multi-meter. Time, phase and frequency measurements. Cathode ray oscilloscope. Instrument Transformer. 8. Control Systems and Process Control: Feedback principles. Signal flow graphs. Transient Response, steady-state-errors. Routh and Nyquist criteria. Bode plot, root loci. Time delay systems. Phase and gain margin. State space representation of systems. Mechanical, hydraulic and pneumatic system components. Synchro pair, servo and step motors. On-off, cascade, P, P-I, P-I-D, feed forward and derivative controller, Fuzzy controllers. Multi-state variable and Adaptative controls. System modeling, Digital controls, Distributed digital controls, control loops based on computers. 9. Analytical, Optical and Biomedical Instrumentation: Mass spectrometry. UV, visible and IR spectrometry. X-ray and nuclear radiation measurements. Optical sources and detectors, LED, laser, Photo-diode, photo-resistor and their characteristics. Interferometers, applications in metrology.

Part-II: Executive Aptitude Test

Executive Aptitude Test is common to all disciplines. This part will be consists of 35 objective type questions on: o Vocabulary o Verbal comprehension o Quantitative aptitude o o
Reasoning ability to determine data sufficiency Interpretation of graphs/ charts/ tables o Numerical ability etc.

My favorites are books by B. G. Liptak (Instrument Engineer's Handbook) G. K. McMillan (Process-Industrial Instruments and Controls Handbook) F. G. Shinskey (Process Control Systems), D. R. Coughanowr (Process Systems Analysis and Control) Chi-Tsong Chen (Analog And Digital Control System Design - Transfer Function, State Space and Algebraic Methods) B. C. Kuo (Automatic Control Systems) N. S. Nise (Control Systems Engineering) W. L. Lubyen (Process Modeling, Simulation, and Control for Chemical Engineers) E. E. Ludwig (Applied Process Design for Chemical and Petrochemical Plants) ------------------------Here is a list of very good books -------------------------

C. L. Albert and D. A. Coggan FUNDAMENTALS OF INDUSTRIAL CONTROL L. T. Amy AUTOMATION SYSTEMS FOR CONTROL AND DATA ACQUISITION N. A. Anderson INSTRUMENTATION FOR PROCESS MEASUREMENT AND CONTROL W. G. Andrew and H. B. Williams APPLIED INSTRUMENTATION IN THE PROCESS INDUSTRIES - VOLUME 2 W. G. Andrew and H. B. Williams APPLIED INSTRUMENTATION IN THE PROCESS INDUSTRIES - VOLUME 3 K. J. Astrom and T. Hagglund PID CONTROLLERS: THEORY DESIGN AND TUNING J. M. Bacon INSTRUMENT INSTALLATION PROJECT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM R. N. Bateson INTRODUCTION TO CONTROL SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY N. E. Battikha CONDENSED HANDBOOK OF MEASUREMENT AND CONTROL N. E. Battikha MANAGEMENT OF CONTROL SYSTEMS: JUSTIFICATION AND TECHNICAL AUDITING H. D. Baumann CONTROL VALVE PRIMER G. Borden CONTROL VALVES P. S. Buckley TECHNIQUES OF PROCESS CONTROL P. S. Buckley PROCESS CONTROL STRATEGY AND PROFITABILITY C. H. Cho MEASUREMENT AND CONTROL OF LIQUID LEVEL K. J. Clevett PROCESS ANALYZER TECHNOLOGY A. B. Corripio TUNING OF INDUSTRIAL CONTROL SYSTEMS D. R. Coughanowr and L. B. Koppel PROCESS SYSTEMS ANALYSIS AND CONTROL P. B. Deshpande and R. H. Ash COMPUTER PROCESS CONTROL WITH ADVANCED CONTROL APPLICATIONS R.H. Dieck MEASUREMENT UNCERTAINTY J.J. DiStefano et al FEEDBACK AND CONTROL SYSTEMS, Schaum's Outline Series R. Dorf and R. Bishop MODERN CONTROL SYSTEMS L. R. Driskell CONTROL VALVE SELECTION AND SIZING T. G. Fisher BATCH CONTROL SYSTEMS: DESIGN, APPLICATION AND IMPLEMENTATION T. G. Fisher ALARM AND INTERLOCK SYSTEMS T. G. Fisher SAFETY CONTROL SYSTEMS B. Fitzgerald CONTROL VALVES FOR THE CHEMICAL PROCESS INDUSTRIES P. G. Friedmann and T. P. Stoltenberg CONTINUOUS PROCESS CONTROL D. R. Gillum INDUSTRIAL PRESSURE, LEVEL AND DENSITY MEASUREMENT W. E. Gilmore et al THE USER-COMPUTER INTERFACE IN PROCESS CONTROL: A HUMAN FACTORS ENGINEERING HANDBOOK W. M. Goble CONTROL SYSTEM SAFETY EVALUATION & RELIABILITY P. Gruhn and H. L. Cheddie SAFETY SHUTDOWN SYSTEMS: Design, Analysis and Justification S. M. Herb UNDERSTANDING DISTRIBUTED PROCESS SYSTEMS FOR CONTROL T. A. Hughes PROGRAMMABLE CONTROLLERS K. C. Kapur and L. R. Lamberson RELIABILITY IN ENGINEERING DESIGN T. W. Kerlin and R. L. Shepard INDUSTRIAL TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT W. S. Levine THE CONTROL HANDBOOK B. G. Liptk INSTRUMENT ENGINEERS HANDBOOK - PROCESS MEASUREMENT B. G. Liptk INSTRUMENT ENGINEERS HANDBOOK - PROCESS CONTROL B. G. Liptak INSTRUMENT ENGINEERS HANDBOOK - PROCESS SOFTWARE AND DIGITAL NETWORKS

E. C. Magison TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT IN INDUSTRY E. C. Magison INTRINSIC SAFETY E. C. Magison and W. Calder ELECTRICAL SAFETY IN HAZARDOUS LOCATIONS P. S. Marshall INDUSTRIAL ETHERNET: A POCKET GUIDE E. M. Marszal and E. W. Scharpf SAFETY INTEGRITY LEVEL SELECTION G. K. McMillan pH MEASUREMENT AND CONTROL G. K. McMillan DISTRIBUTED CONTROL SYSTEMS; SELECTION, IMPLEMENTATION AND MAXIMIZATION G. K. McMillan CONTINUOUS CONTROL TECHNIQUES FOR DISTRIBUTED CONTROL SYSTEMS G. K. McMillan TUNING AND CONTROL LOOP PERFORMANCE D. T. Miklovic REAL-TIME CONTROL NETWORKS R. W. Miller FLOW MEASUREMENT ENGINEERING HANDBOOK R. D. Mulley APPLIED INSTRUMENTATION SYMBOLS AND IDENTIFICATION P. W. Murrill FUNDAMENTALS OF PROCESS CONTROL THEORY C. L. Nachtigal INSTRUMENTATION AND CONTROL - FUNDAMENTALS AND APPLICATIONS G. D. Nichols ON-LINE PROCESS ANALYZERS A. E. Nisenfeld BATCH CONTROL P. D. T. O'Connor PRACTICAL RELIABILITY ENGINEERING C. L. Phillips and H. T. Nagle Jr. DIGITAL CONTROL SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND DESIGN (Revised) D. Polka MOTORS AND DRIVES D. E. Seborg et al PROCESS DYNAMICS AND CONTROL R. E. Sherman ANALYTICAL INSTRUMENTATION F. G. Shinskey PROCESS CONTROL SYSTEMS D. W. Spitzer FLOW MEASUREMENT D. W. Spitzer VARIABLE SPEED DRIVES: PRINCIPLES AND APPLICATIONS D. W. Spitzer REGULATORY AND ADVANCED REGULATORY CONTROL: APPLICATION TECHNIQUES L. M. Thompson INDUSTRIAL DATA COMMUNICATIONS W. Ulanski VALVE & ACTUATOR TECHNOLOGY H. L. Wade REGULATORY AND ADVANCED REGULATORY CONTROL: SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT