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Aptitude Module Handout APTI-007-002

Verbal Ability
Passage
Coral reefs are one of the most fragile, biologically complex, and diverse marine ecosystems on earth , this ecosystem is one of the fascinating paradoxes of the biosphere: how do clear , and thus nutrient poor , waters support such prolific and productive communities ? Part of the answer lies within the tissues of the corals themselves. Symbiotic cells of algae known as zooxanthellae carry out photosynthesis using the metabolic wastes of the corals, thereby producing food for themselves, for their coral hosts, and even for other members of the reef community. This symbiotic process allows organisms in the reef community to use sparse nutrient resources efficiently. Unfortunately for coral reefs, however, a variety of human activities are causing worldwide degradation of shallow marine habitats by adding nutrients to the water .agriculture, slash-and-burn land clearing, sewage disposal, and manufacturing that creates waste by products all increase nutrient loads in these waters. Typical symptoms of reef decline are destabilized herbivore populations and an increasing abundance of algae and filter-feeding animals. Declines in reef communities are consistent with observations that nutrient input is increasing in direct proportion of growing human populations, thereby threatening reef communities sensitive to subtle changes in nutrient input to their waters. Question1 -5 refer to the passage above . 1. The passage is primarily concerned with (a) describing the effects of human activities on algae in coral reefs (b) explaining how human activities are posing a threat to coral reef communities (c) discussing the process by which coral reefs deteriorate in nutrient poor watkers (d) explaining how coral reefs produce food for themsel (e) describing the abundance of algae and filter-feeding animals in coral reef areas

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2. The passage suggests which of the following about coral reef communities? (a) coral reef communities may actually be more likely to thrive in waters that are relatively low in nutrients. (b)the nutrients on which coral reef communities thrive are only found in shallow waters./ (c)human population growth has led to changing ocean temperatures , which threatens coral reef communities. (d)growth of coral reef communities tends to destabilize underwater herbivore populations . ( e) coral reef communities are more complex and diverse than most ecosystems located on dry land. 3. According to the passage, which of the following is a factor that is threatening the survival of coral reef communities? (a)the waters they inhabit contain few nutrient resources. (b) A decline I n nutrient input is disrupting their symbiotic relationship with zooxanthellae. ( c) The degraded waters of their marine habitats have reduced their ability to carry out photosynthesis. (d) they are too biologically complex to survive in habitats with minimal nutrient input. ( e) waste by products result in an increase in nutrient input to reef communities. 4. It can be inferred from the passage that the author describes coral reef communities as paradoxical most likely for which of the following reasons? (a) they are thriving even though human activities have depleted the nutrients in their environment . (b) they are able to survive in spite of an over abundance of algae inhabiting their waters. (b) they are able to survive in an environment with limited food resources. (d) their metabolic wastes contribute to the degradation of the waters that they inhabit ( e) they are declining even when the water surrounding them remains clear.

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Enhance Passage Reading Skills: 1. Like a good reader, read first few sentences of the paragraph and try to anticipate what the passage is all about. 2. Try to Identify the tone of passage. Major points/concerns raised by author Retain names, dates and places for quick references later. Message conveyed by a paragraph 3. Read the question and go to the relevant part of the reading passage. 4. Skim the questions first but it should not slow you down. 5. Try to read 4-5 words in each fixation and keep on comprehending from para to para.

Vocab Builder 1. Annihilate: a. Disrespect b. Stimulate c. Eliminate d. Steer Tips: 2. Obstinate: a. Raw b. Stubborn c.Dispel d. Idiot Tips: 3. Alienate a. Eliminate Tips: 4. Motley a. Gabby Tips:
3

b. Placate c. Disassociate

d. Locate

b. Mixed

c.Stupid

d. Assorted

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5. Furtive a. Sneak 6. Whet a. Sharpen b. Irk 7. Efface a. Glad 8. Nascent a. Liberal 9. Dispel a. Go away 10. Moribund a . Gratifying b. Deceive c. Stop Growing d. Lonely b. Disown c. Crazy d. Come across b. Emerging c. Developed d. Benevolent b. Erase c. Liberty d. Converge c. Hone d. Converge b. Disown c. Secretly d. Come across

Quantative Aptitude
Boat and Stream
1. If a boat is moving in upstream with velocity of 14 km/hr and goes downstream with a velocity of 40 km/hr, then what is the speed of the stream ? Wipro
a 13 kmph b 26 km/hr c. 34 km/hr d. none of these

2. The speed of a boat in still water is 15km/hr and the rate of current is 3 km/hr. the distance traveld downstream in 12 minutes is ? a) 4km b) 4.6km c) 3.6km d) 3km

3. A man can row 5kmph in still water. If the river is running at 1kmph, it makes him 75minutes to row to a place and back. How far is the place?
a) 4km 4 b) 6km c) 5km d) 3km

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4.A boat takes 19hrs for travelling downstream from point A to point B and coming back to a point C midway between A and B. If the velocity of the stream is 4kmph and the speed of the boat in still waters is 14kmph. What is the distance between A and B? a). 140km b). 130km c) . 180km d). 120km

5. A fisherman rows 10kms upstream and back again to the starting point in 55 minutes while trying to put a fishing net in the sea. If the speed of the stream is 2km/hr. Find the speed of rowing in still water. a. 26km/hr b. 24km/hr c. 22 km/hr d. None of these

6. Speed of boat in still water 10 kmph. If the boat takes 24hr in up stream and 16hr in down stream to cross the same distance, what will be the distance covered in round trip? (CTS) a. 384 b. 276 c. 295 d. 312

7. Speed of a boat in standing water is 9 kmph and the speed of the stream is 1.5 kmph. A man rows to a place at a distance of 105 km and comes back to the starting point. The total time taken by him is: A. 16 hours B. 18 hours C. 20 hours D. 24 hours

8. A man rows to a place 48 km distant and come back in 14 hours. He finds that he can row 4 km with the stream in the same time as 3 km against the stream. The rate of the stream is A. 1 km/hr B. 1.5 km/hr C. 2 km/hr D. 2.5 km/hr

9. A man takes twice as long to row a distance against the stream as to row the same distance in favour of the stream. The ratio of the speed of the boat (in still water) and the stream is:
a). 2 : 1 b). 3 : 1 c). 3 : 2 d) 4 : 3

10. A man takes twice as long to row a distance against the stream as to row the same distance in favour of the stream. The ratio of the speed of the boat (in still water) and the stream is:
a). 2 : 1 b). 3 : 1 c). 3 : 2 d) 4 : 3

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Logical Reasoning
Coding-Encoding Basics EJOTY Rule: 5,10,15,20,25 Rules for these questions: 1) Constant forward/backward characters. +/- K 2) Alternative forward-backward characters: +1 -1 +1 -1 +1 -1 3)Exchange of characters: C1 C2 C3 C4

4) Continuously increasing characters: +1 +2 +3 +4 +5 5) Same Character index from start and beginning i.e. A is 1 from beginning and Z is 1 from end. 6) Reversing the order 1. If in a code language, CORNER is written as GSVRIV, How can central be written in that code? a) DFOUSBM b) GIRXVEP c) GNFJKER d) None of these

2. Paper is written as SCTGW. How is MOTHER written a. ORVLGW b. PQVJGT c. PQXJJT d. PQXKJV

3. TOGETHER is written as RQEGRJCT. How should the PAROLE will be written as? a. NCPQJG b. NCQPJG c. RCPQJK d. None of these

4. COULD is written as BNTKC. How will moulding be written as? a. CHMFINTK b. LNKTCHMF c. LNTKCHMF d. none of these

5. BDEG:DFGI :: HKMO : . ILNP 2. JMOP 3. JMOQ 4. JNOQ

6. ACDF:CGJN :: BEHI: 1.DJNQ 2.DINQ 3.DINR 4. NQRS

7. STG:UVI :: LMQ:

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1. POQ 2. MNO 3. NOP 4. None of these 8. SIKKIM:THLJJL. How is TRAINING written in that code? a. SQBHOHOH b. UQBHOHOF c. UQBJOHHO d. None of these

Directions for questions 1 to 3: Answer the questions on the basis of the information given below A,B,C,D,E and F are two sets of triplets of siblings(not necessarily in the given order ) I. B is E,s only brother. II. Four of the six are males and two are females. III.A and D are married to each other. IV. None of the six is married to sibling or to someone of the same sex. V. Neither set of triplets contains three siblings of the same sex. 1. Which of the following statements must be false? a. C is Ds brother in law c. E is Ds brother-in-law e. None of these 2. Who cannot be sister and brother? a. F and E b. C and F c. A and E d. F and D e. F and A b. C is Ds sister- in-law d. B is Ds sister-in-law

3. If E and F are married to each other, which of the following must be true? a. D is a female d. C is a male b. F is a male c. A is a female e. A is a male

Directions for questions 4 to 6: Answer the questions on the basis of the information given below. There are 6 members from a family travelling on a 3-tier compartment in train A.B.C.D.E and F . They are allotted 6 berths; 2each of the levels lower , middle and upper . I. There are 3 male members and 3female members. II. There are 4 adults and 2 children.

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III. Two of the adults are senior citizens (above 65 years of age ) the senior citizens C and D always occupy the lower berths. IV. A is Es mother. V. The female members can occupy only the lower berth of the middle berth. VI. VII. VIII. D and E do not occupy berths of same level. F always occupies the upper berth. D is Fs father and B is Es sister.

4. Which among the following may be a couple? a. B and F b. A and F c. E and B d. A and E e. E and F

5. Who can occupy the middle berth (s)? a. A b. C c. B d. both (a) and (c) e. both (b) and (c)

6. Which of the following cannot occupy the upper berth(s)? a. E b. D c. F d. both (a) and (c) e. both (b) and (c)

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