Вы находитесь на странице: 1из 31

1

www.hamditabligh.net ­@ pdf format ×»ÖQÛ 9 [8 µD


`
5

œ
9 [8 É/ i

*

9 [8 iœ `
5 9 [8µD
5̀ @ ²U „8D 8X 8 ´8 B
3300 7 20 0 4 H T  8 7 zV 8Am 
Ì8 [u
DfV ) c8U 8` yl
¤i 8Wtz f
DfyVv 1 y 6 36
TB k ¤
l i 8\ …
5869501-03VÃ

Dfy|
u Ôf
f 
WD 25 U xl
¤i 8 
i
X’i ¤
WD 15 J^l
¤i 8 
°
DfV ) c8U8`
5869501-03  V à DfV v 1 y 6 36
T B k
¥ ŠD  C 1 X Wu  D T T£ 8D • a ’ ƒ h W H8 E ·6 
· E £ Ñ ( (
l¬(8
Ž ¶µ zÆ¥z `W Œl 
i¹¼~ c ’Y8 s“u V  + œ H8 DW 8 6 u  D Å
“d o(/ : pJ(/6Ɠ o(«*: É£
: Æ 

, ~
0n ¥ t/
$

4
  8 =

¥

4/  ¼ 4

N c
d
* ¥8 “¥ 8 t/¹e8 / C ¥d8 8 8

Lœ H8 ³6 × u Di misrepresent Å 8Å –/ 8e yu D
p
/

4(
4 l/2e8 zÆ0¥0Œ= m0Ž/Ã*1c/ 2 %0b4 (* 4 0 A1 @0 4 (
/ *
€ t͹2/ˆ1o( É/ 8 o/ 4†Ž [l: {1c n( / t=¶Ç4  ¨0 c40 v l/e¥8 Ç0›1
iu€U ³zV 8 a R S 8 ´ ’ ´F 8 ´s“u ¥ S 8
8yÃ8y t*( S8
 UV 8uV G’ yv )“ ’ ;~’Ÿ ’4DW 86  ’ ’ , ( 4
4l/( 6ƒ¥n5ˆ0k¥1 j0 ¼@0c40 n50Ž
0­ n( %
z € 8“6* (
0p¥8 m6*4Q/( ¥¼e2/t*
' : ) xV 8¨ ¸a Z D   V ¸   5z ÄDW 8  (4 0c4 ¼ ( c/2 ( (0
“00cŽ“0/k:8zÇ* 4 8 Ž t0¹e88 Ç 1“4*0^ nˆ0o(4 0 t* 0N00hÇ0A4/ t/¹¼e8 Ç4A1 z4œ/p41e^ nˆ0l4Œ* 0c0
/ 8V“ Q H8 6 u B N Wf ¼ \8 c^ V ¸  “u a ,
$8£8Q€
98 [ Ò f8 € F8 m6* 4/Ù0t0¹¼e8
DW 8u Ï  }S 8Å PicY8 ¸8 86 u ŒcF 8£ t(W cU ’
0 œ
WY8 t* DWLU"8 y 8SU +DW 8 g TF G
9 [8 zV 8 4  “u ;DˆS 8 PhcU 38 W 7 ¦  H8 9 8
T 8µS 8W  : ) ,Å :Ž Ó 8D ” 8
 Nox/ 8 a

€V ¸ 
< £ºW m  6m Ä
'+ u€Q  f¶8 RV 6 

G µ–%  "u +;DWg[ Å y Ó cu*/ / > )“4  DbD
Zˆ8 UV 8“ × 7 H Q H8 V ¸ 
WG s“ m Íl :8
[D • T şŠa G D E <‰ yÉy g º yn
ÕW’ W T k +“
WZW‰;  Ä 6  iW  ’LS 8 œ; 8W W ;S 8 */ / > ) B Z¨ "u ;DWg[ Å y
Ó cu
y Ó
Á l T ' 8 ŒV ¸ 
6 jÅ k  eT  iH8 li 
ŸD œ É/*
9 [8 zV 8 X W“u V ;DWg[ Å
; Ä[ Å y Ó c ’ ƒh W H8 5# x“ † ’V Pi[Ä
*
1 ;  V?µ[¨6 + 
9 [8 l `5 Y8 TµD® Mi7i‹

œU ³zV 8 `a ’“× ± ¨  H8 [D 8MH8DW 80 8
7u*/ / l H # x ƒ h W H8“È 4 m8W ; 8_: ) ³8
& jÅ 8]Å V  F c8 l T ' 8 Œ£u ;  ¥WV 6DÒ
cH8 6 × sa 7u Ê8 u 8ra Ç8V u D ' œ j T 4F
PSV Su Å 4 v ‡ ‘ g T m/£
> ) sS ‘ y ± x Á Z ¼~ ’Y8 ` F s“u V XW
`  n wf 8D ' ) x <  
aZ D  7 F 0 ’  8 T B k DÒ¸R S8 şa ’ [D
´ ’ `“u [D ˆ PSV Z  ’  I[D DW 80 8 > )  ’Y8 ×V
b4 /*
o( 5 Ð\ ³uV yG’ yv ) ·‰“ žµV s

`
 y yɨ %08 ` n( , u ; 
0, “  t6 x <DÒLœ n
% y wfa lŸ
V < ;  V 6 × a b} c9 8rY8 s 8Š  ; œ
cU ’ K
u ‹=D’ H8 V 8 PSV DW 86 uÎzF f œ H8 y y¨1 ˜/n( 0c48 É0 ›0h, ,¿
8D • ƒh ˆ şc ’ d0 8 DW 8 ;D  V C 1  Y8“ N
u  D ) Ÿ8“Q H86 u ÀFŸ ¶8   Î ±[D cV 8“

3
c
: ) ¹ 8 c:c > )“ # × cKœÙDÒ
 3V l a u  Di 4 Ì 8 }8 B œ liu€ŸU ³ zV 8D
8 UV 8 p/ x“
(
y ‡a  B
u  4·‰ Q  UV 8 t( ¼¥ > ) 6 x <  m8W  V Ph‡a .H8 6 u B R SÌ Å D ‘ 8 V 8 B V DW 8
DW 8 × ¥D [1’ /1’ 1 ͝”    l Ÿ–df S ƒœ ƒ
- h W H8B ˜DW 8 ¥Dw–” 8D Ÿ B H / ¸8“u
& “u Ä 'V Z T T œV 8 6 x <w ¸–dfÅ 8- = u
Ÿ 4WD £ ‘ ' ’ X 8D  ˆ * & FŸi )  Z7;  [¨Å i 8M 4 W 8 F 4ÈV 8
 Q  4 8’ X 8D † ´× ± H) dfQlik Õ •W d  Dv¹
F\ ³ŸUV 8“uV X Wu
a` 5 TµD wµ / Ph£ d
5̀ iD 8 –df Q9 [8 zV 8  ¥W –df DW 8 6 u ;DWg[ Å y Ó cƒ h W < + m8W –
( 1 0
€ t* 0N00 hÇ0A4/ t/¹¼e8  Ç4A1 z4œ/ p4 e^ nˆ0 l4Œ*
( 0c0 u ? Ž [D  i D 8 6u
†¤ U x ̏i Ç S 8 I ’ T 8 X W l s6 CS k Å  n 8 ;…£ d
X×Ì S 8 a‹… …DW 8 c yT n µDY8 Q Z D Y œ UV 8 a ’ [D ,Å  g ’“u #  8D V Å ;× c
¥%£ y× A 8f cZ ’  8Å y| y wµ 8 , ,H8 S6 u ’£ x Just World –, , œ UV 8 y y Dy BD ) gDW ( , , œ D xDW 8 d  f T
4/Ù0t0¹¼e8“00c Ž“0(
, /k4:8 zÇ* c2/
H8 €8 m6* 40c48Ž t0¹¼e8 8 Ç( 0^ nˆ0o(
1“4* 4 0   × À[’ k  Á V»  ’ Ÿ y Dy BD ) gDW ( , ,7V 6 du D i k Õ •  ’ [D y y Order
 y× D 8W\ 8  ; € Å Y8£  È ži ¥W X’  8 Å v V 8Ï yu y Dy BD )gDW [’¯ ” , ,_D’ X W × 7 H i‹
' iiC œY8% ; ¼£  DW 8 y× Q ND  ;W Ò) \ £ 5 Y8 TµD®aZ D 

`  H8DW 8u U ³ f’ xDW 8 ÎD BD ) gDW
[ l6¹1, ,V ) t Á ° 6 È ž 9 8 X<
~ Å | wµ 8 H8 S‰ Ä6 × ;   t6 d k
% Õ •  ’ [D ,Å  g ’V “u [’ [¨Sl

~Å G
X< 8" c H8 S u y G 8" Q  m Ž *8 w kU ¯ y y­ n( ¥¼e2/ RS 8 ´™ U ³V“ dÅ Dv¶8 F • ) œM # x UV 8“u
 ¡V ) t Á o 2 6 u ’£ xz*1Ç
8  7È ž9 8 S‰ ¥W b4
* ¥ Æ4
e2/ D 0c48 É0 ›0h Ž ɨ %08 ` n(
c y y¨1 ˜/n( 0, ,Å RD , u*/ A’` 5 D£° yd u€a

6 u y yo( 
4Œ/ [ l6¹1, V, “ Ä 'E ’i m8Wa ¥ F • )
0* V ¸a R S 8 ´ ’ 6 jŏ 8D a 9œx ~XM E Ғ
c";
U_N 8W [Ð œ9 [8  u T Ĝ yj z k U k 8 ; m(8D 8’ \ k 8 a . H 8 " d u€ U ³
c1 f0X0
¥ * 4 ( ( f1`4*
0
s„ 9 [8“u
V ›™ Å y Ó ¿:[ÙH8 c^ [W Ò)   g / H 8  y y { p¥ Í( ( ¥
n 0 0 t/ §0 n 0 / 
k 1 t/ 
k 1
8 ” l/¹: “1/ ) §1 k 0, ,
i E£ % ² ¸´²V s 8Š6 a S× S» H8 6 × 6 jŏ @ 8 c^ ™“ 7 Mi¶8 y¹Q @ 8
< à y9 [8 ύ y9 [8 'S y9 [8 G_ 6 × I Ci T ' 8 ` 5 Y8 TµD ®› Q  li 

9 [8 zV 8 > ) o 2
|4 c T ' 8 H8 a U_N 8  y y9 [8 , , ² S6 9 [8 6 d i applyÅ 84DW 8 d
@iK8D œ É/*  i œ9 [8
ZJ
W Ò?O ÒDW 8 S n’* (
Bi ) a0 8 l 4 k ¬“× s X W6 
* ´Å a U ³ < Ó E U ³ ½o yU ³ ¶  Zf o ´e 6 
[ 4   l 4S86 +K8 «8 ş H8 l s y Á @ 8DW 8 a Ï ’ > ) 6 u < < +Å 9 [8 ŸaS[’ m "a S 8
y Á V ¬i convert ¸Ÿ4WD·Ñ DW 8 Ÿm((  8 WH8 a ’ 8€
•* c ’Á ]S 8 Å a V 86 u # < k °a 4¥W’ Ÿ ¹
F m Ž*8
şŠUV 8 c V 8   q u*/*, %“
* (
Q H8 6 +K8 «8 şl s ¥Ÿ ;  o Ç Ï 8  ¹
F] 8XW’ Ï yu Å ¹
F [’ 8È8
(Politico-Socio-Economic U ³ S 8 S u y N !
Ø “£ yu D œ w? 8’ œ 
<  q ] i† 8 UO Å a V 8 6 u
ŸD»¶8 UV 86 8D 8· ­8 UV 8 Å Zc system) (social ; k µD < Ó DW 8 (ritu a ls ) G
’À ·8 y (d o g m a s )
(
£ l 4·‰ u+L¼+ (8 ÑqD ƒ
* h W H 8D W 8 6 × w ’
U œ U“(¸+
 8 X W Á a ;  o V 8 aÏ ’ > ) 6 u  cu sto m s)
+W’ 8 F ) Ÿ’ 
+(
U“(¸* 8  X W 8Š yu Ä '” I œ [’} D’ H8u +D 8D œLi & 8<
Øu H @i7 X W“u ÇT [’ 8 F ) Ÿ–%  o 2 6 u # <
X W /o 2 6 × w ’D 8 t Á P’ 8i (Terrorism) [’} D’ Ÿ  ¸Ÿ´u H yl k ŸD 8& l k Ÿµu H yl k Ÿ 8`
 E S 8 X Wu H 6 i
?
P h ’ m ", ,/ ³× ' ¸ X ¶œ y yN ! P h[’} D’ , , 1 i G“·u H 6 x f 1 G ’Àp/ 8u H @i76 l k
! V 6 u P h ; … \ ³ UV 8 N
N ! V a _6 œ y yN ! 6 Z i c 8` XJ
’ yZ iZ !È )  4 ) u H yZ i
8 E
S
?
6 u P h; k µDDW 8 ; 8’ ° <

y ؏UV 8 DTu H x y  F ~ d y DZ FWDu H 6 u [’ 8 F ) Å 8 cG’Àp/ 8


6 × sŸa S´a U ³ÇÏ 8 H8 9 [8 a @  8 c > ) X W a li 8’ 8 ; k µD < Ó @i¶86 u ; F < 8 ya ?O ÒE x< a
ÌV 6 < < Í9 [8 ¸ŸaS[ Å [ ´a V 8\,q ; Ã6 x 8‰ BZ ƒu H x 8Ç @ wu H Üx[’ ¤ i 6 u ’ 8F )
(*
 aS,q [ Å y Ó a mŽ **8 §/ D # 6 N ‹ŸH8 yu 0s 8 6 x < E
’ ‚Å 8u H x < +Š’u HŸqc–X„
(« L ‚
jj iD 8 i _ l :8 o( /*Ÿ UWD ” §=  jŏ a [^ U ³ ÇÏ 8 Ž Ó DW 8 Ž
Ó E Ö] 8XW’ œ ¹
D yV• yF
F
aS [ j8 D
8  }D # ,q 6 jÀ Å_ Ù [D  DW 8 ( T h e U ³ < Ó DW 8 U ³ ½o yU ³ ¶ V DW 8 u Å
 4®8
ƒ h W H / k WD Ù6 ŏ / (Conversion) Pœ H8 6 u  Politico-Socio-Economic System)
S6 ‹ 8  I 8D DW 8 :D ϔ 8D L y  Á 8 j f 8D  yjŏ  µ œ UFb֓u D m8W 6 u UFbÖU œ H8 6 u Å   q
“ Q H8 6 Ä 'E 8Ua }D # c;  [8 /U œ aS,q [ j8 aUFbÖ6 u % % Tˆ8Ÿ ’ fy4qVe yu 4q f
Ü 8W a S[’ m "şa U ³ < Ó E ½o y¶ Å aS,q H8 We are , “ , u + ¸ ³;  V 6 × T- ¨/( €Z D  ³  q
¶  R ´£ ¹ x %aSX W (Revolution) 9 [8 6 ŏ K8 «8 ş8   qDÒUV 8 y y ready to embrace Islam
5
y Dy 8’i @D # œ UV 8 , ,a D f T  fK

a 7    l H8 6 m ¬D "DW 8Å U ³< Ó E


6 c¬k[’ m yU ³½o yU ³
“ ÍDW 8 E ’ÍÅ V 8b(The Historical Role of Islam) n Wu [8  T 9X 8W c9 [8wœ
[

l ` 5 ®9 [8 )
5̀ [œ m Ž *8 }D #
“ ‚ şa H8 u [8 , ,a V 8 6 × I C X@ < œ ;  [8 DÔ3  ’ s 9 8
rx œ: 1 DW 8u W\ j ; S 8 yu T;RX W“u D m8W 6 + H8 S6 m9 [8 ’8WV“ ‚ a H8 DW 8 u DÔÌ y y©8 Á
F • )  [€ yu ;  c 7    ³V 6 u  DiW;  V X W S yu a ¿ ymi _ ¸™   q 6 jÅ ) a Sa U ³ ¶ PhÅ
,H
Å U 8 [€  y < )  7   9 8 ¿ H
Å aSş¸a (Social Structure)¦ , B < Ó6  D ¥W ¸
a 9 ² H86 py y The 100 , ,9 ² l <D  •k ´ 8 B a0 8 DÔÌ 8XW’ 6 8 USU ³ ¶ Pha ©8 Á u [8 ³6 Å )
œ 4k Ž *8 µ S 8  8 Å a }D # m Ž *8 U‘  D 8& }  l H/ ½oPhÅ H8 6 E ) a 7    £ u 9 [8 S ª œ HWD 9 [8
yc (gradation) [µ XD’ c V 8  i (selection) 9 18 i† ^ œ  [’ 8È8DW 8 ± Q [ ÄD 8W 8D  8D C U ¯6 8 USU ³
6 + 8’ 8D 8’i : ºa l ExŸ ADZ D ,’ V• m Ž *8 l 4/ h W i œ ? / 8 ÉWDÏ × ; 
ƒ [8 4 kW’ V “  < k 6 Ä'E ’
<D  •k ´8 B6 Ÿ` 5 Y8 TµD®E
5̀ f S
8ÔX Wa [µXD’ H8DW 8 6 u 9 [8 <Ãi
DW 8 yu X
F ¸8 - X c N  8 [¨DW 8 u Å_Å D ‘ 8   q Åy Ó 6N X@ < œ 9 [8 X’i 
 `5 Y8 TµD®8D C 9 8

+
Su y ŏ U x Ì a ’ 9 ²V cH8 6 u M 
| D a o(;` g£ Phs E + 
9 [8 l ` 5 D£’8W +“ † ’V ³™

(*
IF ´J
¤i “ mV T uU xDW 8 jÀ9 E
„Ì X W¿l ¤ i 8 §/ D # l` 5 Y8 TµD ®“u V … 8W "× j
5̀ ½ i z~’V a ;R
4d_ a 9 ² H8 l H8“ Q H8 6 u Ä '+6  •Å 8 ˏ e Å F 8
8 & a ; 
B V 6 + 
9 [8 ) [œ m Ž *8
Ÿ` 5 Dy £DW 8 D ԟ4 >;_ G
5̀ 6 ' Ï88` S ’   Åy Ó 6 4 / H i 8 Å (Cold Analysis) Z 4
, ( (0 4
ƒ Ó 8’
¨/( €Q ’ Å _; 
€DW 8 T -¨/( V DW 8 yE
f S 8Ô /µ4 l0{/?0n0¨1 `4 ‰c0 , “
t/( , Q H8 yd4Wi4 ° 8·cD 8 H8a ³™
u ¢l H86 j Ó W’ 6  iD 8 t
DW 8 Ž Á 8 ¸»’ œ 7u & X W ªÇ8 y y^18 l0¥4 k 408
"M y ch o ice o f M u h a m m a d to le a d th e list o f
c»’£ u X W RyÇ8 È y  i¥ RycT%  ³i 8WSND’ 1 8
th e w o rld 's m o s t in flu e n tia l p e rs o n s m a y
s u rp ris e s o m e re a d e rs a n d m a y b e ³c Ryc   8 Š 8 @ l BO ÒD n T’q} 86 Å V  F
q u e stio n e d b y o th e rs, b u t h e w a s th e o n ly 6 j[[   8 Š 8 @ 8W“ 8U‘
m a n in h is to ry w h o w a s s u p re m e ly
œ F@ N 'D ) rx '½ 8 X W DW 8 mW\ j ; S 8 x 8D 8 8
H/=  S6 × Ò – i 8W ÊX’ E F `Å V 8DW 8<%  F X’ E
F s u c c e s s fu l o n b o th th e re lig io u s a n d
se cu la r le ve ls."
’ 8M œ M g 8 UCXDT N 8’‰ 8 Ž> `
X W ³u E 5 D ) l

6 × V 8\ X H XHW’  ¹
F m Ž
*8 S
’   <D  •k ´8 B
TµDa N 8’‰ 8 Ž>6 u Ä 'D liGf 8W Ò iIÎ b
yFÖ yV•u S 8 Ï yV 8\ œ  , TWD DW 8 Q h 8 y
 quS 8
 m E k
Á l` 5 Y8

0  ((0 Í1 0 1 ¥ 0 ( 9 [ œ Å „ 8 a 4 k 8\ 4 kW’ V 8 DW 8 yV 8\ œ ;f o DW 8 Ž Ó
zÆ:¥ z(
.2 /m0×0c/¨0 `4 ‚ k0 k0 yl/8Ž p4 n(
0 l¥1Ž l/8Ž p4 ( ¨0 *
 l¥1 k 0  q1 n¥c8 n{0* n 0
** ¥c ¥ 04 Æ:¥0 A4 0 A4 Æ:¥0 04 0 0  …0 Æ:¥0 /( Š0
c/
$0 /( $0¦4 PhDW 8 Pha m Ž *8 }D # VŽ *8 Supremely successful
[ Ç: n( ‰4  
/ k 1 m0 0 z œ Ç0 0 k Ž œ Ç0 0 z m0 k k Ž z(/  / 
.2 m0 z z.2 k Ž z/2 00
V 8u # < 8 UN Ÿ4·‰;6 ` 5 ®;_× X WDW 8 × ¥
5̀ S8
@„
y 8Ú "·a efDW 8 [D 8 ‰ ;’ °6 u & 4 E ~Å 8 S 8 ´ec
8 ¸: 
S 8 9D 8D Y * yv <  X d ) ·‰ , ,
8D YDW 8 u S R
3*
y× ¦ W 8 Ì § ;_Å D ‘ 8 ; [ Ï h 8 6 u ŒW 8 ÌY

Ÿ4´DW 8u ÇTªÅŸ 4´Ÿ œ´ D 8’Ä6 u R DW 8 ; T 6 ’ ş œ V 8 a Ž Ó DW 8 g º yŽ Ó E DS


DW 8u ÇTªÅŸ i œ ´ŸZ D·´DW 86   œ´
V ^ l u y ŒW 8 Ì ´ 8 yu ŒW 8 Ì :8e?Å i 8M [Ö
y y6 u z ÇPh’ m "cª6  Z D·´Ÿi œ ´
ZD ‰  V 8[Z Z ¸DW 8 6 u ŒW 8 Ì :8“ 8 u y ŒW 8 Ì
¿  ‡’ 8M œ N 8’‰ 8 Ž>S yu Å_S S} 8 "W < É8

WM F 4   " mU … ş œ V 8 a  , TWDDW 8 Q h 8 y ’ S ×


u ## liP 8 «8V X W
DŸ: ) / 8
 (*
DW 8 Pha m Ž *8 §/ D # 6 d Z  f minus yd Í U œ ¸Å
¸™ a ’ ³§W  G ZDW 8 ; 8W y;S 8 m Ž S}
*8S 8 , ,

# 
D8tÁ ) 9 [ œDW 8 ) ¢ ÅD ‘ 8W’%  £u V Ž *8 ¥ S 8 Ph
; Ì ¸4   [h >›§W  8 DW 8 ‘ ± Ò Ì
6`5 Y8 TµD®× X WDW 8 u

l 4/‘ ¥ ` 5 ®V“ XD H  * WV S y×

(* y4 # i E ’ c "W < É8 a ¥ 8· [ÄÅ a 4¦ 8· cD  8
y y6 +u€Xf oS 4‰ˆ8 V 8D 
8
›a m Ž
*8 §/ D ##
(* A Concise , ,9 ² c H8 y4 r ’ 8Ma œ ;D °7 c H8 S
[œ m Ž

)) V“ À 

*8 §/ D ## 88
 V ¸Å ¥ 8·c4’o 2

; 
E ’ T wŸ;D °H8 Å F

K 8   y y History of the World


! `8n n G [®u [8 6 E k
l `
Á 

5 Y8 TµD®£
5̀ £ m9 [8
H8 6 HGf 8W Ò8 Å H8Å V  F c»’ ´ 8W6 u Ä '
) Ÿ ³ i
“u ## Î ‘Å HWD u [8 DW 8 ©8
 Á u [8 œ U"8W
V * ‹……c ` 5 D£l H86 u »’ )

"W < É8“ Q

½o Pha HWD u [8 DW 8 f
U ³ ¶ Pha ©8


Á u [8 · K
*
`Å V 8 x 8D a 4 k ¬£ J
W’ st * DW 8 [„D

T
¸


 q 6 ÀT
T%


 a[ n ®u [8 S 8 USU ³
7
aƒ h WS 86 u ¥D i Ñ¥ S 8 ;’ ’ c H8 - „ 8 Å 8§8“
- ½o yÄ 'T
'
¸U ³ ¶ y,T



¸; k µD y± T



¸<



Ø yÄ

'
'
;~’iUÁ«« y× u Di street preachinga8 £ £ × ¥W u€ n Õ T¢ 
Õ  . 8» ¸ÅŸ6 ÀT
¸;f o yÄ


'T
'
¸U ³


+ ş u y +V ş u y +e ş6 × u Di 9y× u DZ ’ ¦ x  4  6 ÀXD 4 ³c 4£ £ T 4 “% i


ÇB 6 ¥D 
i /l : n ) 6 × u DiƒÓ 8’

ƒ
Ó y
Ó`
Ó 5 : ) 6 ל ¤
5̀ iu
¤ œ ’ a V 8\ 'l ` 5 : ) ŸU ÄH8 y‘ 0
5̀ F <X 
F 4p8 S‰
ş6 u  DiV Òc > ÃaD
 8\£


£ u –¥WS6 "e Í y ³ ' œ ’ [D y* ’ ;8 U(   l 4S8 6 E
i ’ Á Uk8
 ’ M g 8 ¥W<D  •k ´8 B4a "T 9cH8a }D ##
d4 v 8% u ’i develope J


Ñ Å 8DW 8 yii 'Å - -
V  DW 8 V W\
He is the only, the only, the only person “
DW 8 )) š y )) u < œ ’“ ŏ  8
V ;  › ³6 DW  

€f8W liV Òc > ÃS


< 8 4 Í y–S 8 f8W ‡’ ;~’ ««4 Í 9 [8 8XW’ ş ym9 [8 œ ` 5  œ®9 [8 most profound

"+ Ru ş
+ 6 ‘ ;  [8 (partial) [W E Òy
E
Ò Ó Ï 
y
Ó 6 < ) a ™ … H8
ÌS 8 œ [€s t1 “  < k;  s 8 [ S
8Åi 8MH8 S‰DW 8Ñi 8W ‡’ ;~’DW 8°“È %’ : ) a ;  [8 U ¯ Ï 
a%Â F 8 S
8 a Z D  ` 5 D£l H8 6 u 8D ‰
5̀ [Ž P )A 8 Das 9 ² l { 8 DW 8 ÔD k 6 DW 8Ñ i 8W li  9 [8ϑ


u Í?8 X 8 ´V h 8DW 8 C
S ÒS ypiga V h 8 E
C
Ò CÒCapital
C
Ò
"M uh am ma d failed as a p rop het, b ut
succeeded as a statesman."
HWDi < 4 ÍZ E 8=ZÄe yE ) 9 [8 u+LPD k ¸a 4 v d
„ P˜ y˜h ±  U œ ³Å Z c f S 8 `
5 ® , ,
5̀ Æ   ƒ
Á  h W ¼DW 8 yE ) 9 [8 4½ S ¬k DW 8 S ª a
6 y y±9 [ œÅ ZcV 8’Ž Ó S 8 8 °³6 œ{ 8u]ş œÔD k  a li  9 [8 H86 Ä

')
'
+
l < 8W [¥´8 B:W g 8a @fc–S 8 H8 t1 DW 8 m-*
e8W @i i¶8 6 DW 8 i 8W li  9 [8 DW 8 y‘ DW 8 i 8W ‡’


M uham m ad DW8 M u h a m m a d a t M e cca  ’e³ ²W’ 8 œ G
S DDW 8 [’ 8F ) yG Zl 4/‘ Âu {8D f °µWD
Q ` 5 D£%
5̀  ¯ l H8 a y h y •H 8 ® , , a t M a d in a i ) a V 8\ ‘ y 0 F e³ ² ‘
F y iDW O B ˜X W S ym E ’°
S y* T ' 8 a [} B su pe rlative ‘ HM g 8 £  Ry I o
DW 8 I



9 [8 a ©8
W 8 + 

Á 8Š6 ‘ FF
0 i ;’ ’
f8W8“u cºŸc li%  t (contrast) ’ |S 8 l H8 td Å 8 6 m 9 [8 S Å „ 8 ©8 Á u [8“ u XW Ä 6 l 4·‰
i “Ç’Å M g 8 I yV 86 u DW 8Ñ ® ny f8Wh •V DW 8 mDW 8Ñ ³®
n 9 86 Z D ‰ iu H £ (mo b ) U:DW 8 ¥ m şf8W liTW1
a H‚ 8  ©Èœ ;… [ u Ÿ< 8W [¥H8 l UM 8 7 0 u 9 [8X X 8W œ ’ 9 [8 œ ` 5 Y8 TµD®“ † ’ co n tra st 8D C

 ’ m "cH8DW 8 , P ÒV 8W °X W `a¿ y± i 8W ‡’°e [D µÔl H8“ m¥ X F 8
8 86 m  Å Å ZcU
DW 8 ’šÅ D ‘8 H8 9 [8 œ ` 5 Y8 TµD®Ï6 Ä
5̀ ' ) 9 [8 ` XH ` 5 ®W’V“u c ºŸc l ’ ’ |V a‹q;…Å

[Å Œ 8 yaiœ T  ž Dy 
8¹
F m Ž*8 S
8“u m 8 f 6 × = M »cV 8 y× XH
6 ±Æ L8U ¯9 [8- X WS } 8 ³× ¾ ’ ¹
F c8 c ` 5 D£S‰V =
5̀  Ç8D’
y; µ Ï 8 a g T l/;¦ > ) “ 4 # ia 8 ÎV a Å H8 ¹
F c y:
n )“ ×  k DWgV X W S  k TµD E fŸ`5: )

+e
œ 9 [8 Å [D 8’  E ’ [D 'k Õ ˆ ş œ E ¨Ì* E < ‰ kµ ¥ 8 ‘ y ' i 9i4 UÁ4 `;_°6 u[Ñ Å 4

ŋ……c ` 5 Y8 TµD®PhÅ 8 ³u H
5̀ 8D œ É/*
ia  i Í Ñ £ Ÿ Ë zJ:*¥ ;_ °6 × u D Z ’ Å ’ ` 5 ® ;_

.H8 Å 4 +

F c m-* Æ y{ 8 yÔD k 6 u 
e8W E · wÅ d 8D n ;_–™ i œ @i¶8 yE ’ 9 8£ ş y +ƒ Ó 8’
l 4S8 Ä '
’ 9 8 Q  9 [8 É/*  i E ·  ÇT Å d 8D ş ­a
·6  7 yuVf8W 4Ñ ³V S ’  V 8o 26 +D 8 ¸l ` 5®

c` 5 Y8 TµD X WDW 8u (s o u rc e ) XW ´¥ S
5̀ 8 PhW  N
' i : V <  y V 8 T¡ y ³Å 4   6 ± ! Y8 C o : n )a
H8 4  DiKœÑ £  D œ É/*  i 9 [8 ao 2 6 u‹…… PS´ ³flight qfT y× w ’ U Á flight Ÿ;y X W 6 8 
œ D 8
y ’ ; T  8 zV 8 a 6 u [ n ®…… Ph s o u rc e 8¨ Q  LŸS 8V e yjÅ XW c PS;yÏ yu &  ’ m "c
 9 [8 a ; T  8 J
@  * T ' 8 T \DW 8 ’  yV =8 yUV 8 i IÀ B a s e T’ Ë Q / 8 f œ H8 DW 8 j ( s t r a t e g y )
T 8W Fe W’ Z D •“uVXW cH86 4 / H I· : ) L8
iD 8 ‰ ) Ÿ `5 ® d 
5̀ 8 —W
S Á a ‡• ŸjV 8 T TÑ6 m
( l i m i t e d a n d DW 8 ’ W| U_ œ ; T  8 V 8 V 8DW’  > ã y× V 8[ Ž Ó E DS 8 £ y× V 8
• Z £ × u D
œ H8 ³× ' iT ' 8 @  8 ş¸=  sDW 8u Ä ' p e rve rte d )  4   6 × u DiZ "oÅ 4 ’¯ : n )i ) 4   6 × D
ҏ
' iŸ£hÅ ; T  8 V 8} 8 8Š6 u # ) a ¤CD»X„ ¥ W  tT Ò œ ¶¿ ÜxDW 8 statesmanship y
'
V 8 6 u  D%
V8
m  ) ̓ ^ œ 9 [8 ³x < c;  a te rm in o lo g y J
@
x 6 u ’ | œ‹… … c ` 5 D )V S
5̀ ’  
XW V ) t
I Á a“ ^ H8“ dy Ó R¿H86 u < ) a‹Å D ‘8 H8 ¹
F c 5̀
5
`D£“ 4  DZ ’ Q H8 Ph 8M œ H 8
6 x < E
’Ï D œ; X 8WDW 8 ` 5  8;… y; T  8 c
5̀ l: n ) ¸F • ) œ;~’  [8S 8“u wT c contrast 8WÅ
Å a ;  [8 ’6 E j’S¸- T[W Ò) c [œÅ 8DW 8 +
y88D a (span) iœm Ž *8… …S 8 9 [8 8XW’ ¸ÅŸ
9
fW’ ¸c AE ÇÏ 8 À H8 6 x < +Ë ÇÏ 8 À
Œ…=  “ Q H8 6 § H m Aj 8W šB L ƒ[ V L  8 6 ×
L8WUF 8‰– [8
È 1 ) a V 8\ Q  li ›ŸU ³ X’£ x: ) DW 8 d x )  × L8;  E 8
E 9 [8 nS
cU ³ H8 y× K 8W ; 8’ „Å U ³ H8 ;; & E ; x 8 ³ V Ÿ [8 
&\ ³ , , N È 4Z -8 Q BŸ: ) i ^ c m z  u & [8DW 8V Ÿ [8 8 S 8 ;DWg›c9 [8% Â
šB < ÃS 8   y y u a 9 [8 KFV k z 
Î … V 8Ÿ: ) $ c Politico-Socio-Economic System ’£ xÅ ™ £
listen & , ,4   e yd Q i Œ … mob ˜6 ¹ ;DWg c V“’£ x< œ  8D
8 H8 - = i% 4W D
 DW 8 6 Z } Ò
7 ¹ D œD’ l  L ƒj 8W lË Tˆ8  y y obey h W H8 » œŸU ³ < Ó 
ƒ y » œŸU ³ ½o y » œŸU ³ ¶ X ’£ x
& “Ê xV œšB 8“V ZXW’ 6 u (Sermon) §W ˜V Ÿ [8 X W -
XW}
Their's not to reason why? dZ i lW’S; T  8 . 8 X W 6 u V  )Q o ³u DW 8V Ÿ
Their's but to do and die!
³u V Ÿ 8 şX W }
8 S6 dZ i‘’S S ; T  8 V 8DW 8
%  S o œ DW 8 Z c 4D œ a AH8“V 8

@
J cg T e W’ V  ‡W c H8 DW 8 ¹ i  J
@
c H / 9 8
D’DW 8u ŒW 8 ³D
ş“V y§ H  ’ m
"c m 
Á DW 8 [D 8’ ~W
t
E  ŸŸH8 4 6 ¹ i 5Gc ƒ h W B ; T  8
c –%  ³a A [8 6 A [8V 4 ³u 8} 8 6 u ¡ ³
O Å 8  8D C [U ¯ J
@ e W’ Q  H8 DW 8 x < + U x yx <
[D 8’ ~W DW 8 Ÿ8W c H8% S DW 8 Å8× c commitment
i ǟ4·‰i4UÁa 4WD 8 F  4Ph/™6 1 < * T ' 8
m 
Á :l H8“ d x < – ’ ¸V yd oœ Zc H8 ’ m
t "c
rxD’S
D
DW 8 x < C  W 8 a .D  8“u H¼6 u [’ şW  V 8 DW 8 # <  Å  l Ÿ4·‰ E j
· < [’ ;~’ 
6 x < XDQ  o 2 6 × 
 · < p³ ² y× 0 F+ 9 8S6 & < –D ; 
Ÿ [8 O Å 8  8D C U ¯J
@
e W’ d E ] 8È 8DW 8 E
]
, ) 
Ä 6 «H l <* T ' 8 Ql ¤ i 8WQc
l   [8 a ÜH8 6 u œ Ä , ) c4D œÑ 8Ä

 ¶W 8 ¸Q  {Ã% S
(
b
8 V Ÿ [8 Å 4a C  4D œ A 
 [8 [D  ³ Ÿ¶8“Q H86 § H
86 u D 8• WD 8’ œW@
} 8 8 % i T -ŸŸH8 S‰£  Dv ÜZ XW’
S
li 8D conflict D
8 Zf o“V ³;  ›6 u (logical) XW}8 DW 8 du D D 8´ ¸ B œ –³u W 8D a 4a CV Ÿ [8 X W
7 8 86 ‘ xÅ U 8D ) S‰DW6 × 'S‰ [8 Äi 8W šB 8%%H8 6 d x < ›¸–t( ³ Ä
B ' v•V Ÿ
u Di*4  / 8 7 8 8 y‘ q8D s. 8 7   6 ¸7   DW 8‘ ¸ Q  H8e yu U œ V  )V 6  k DW 8 >“ x < E Á [’ x œ
l 8` yu Ä s[¨u p ŸH8 yu  DiU œ & 8 XD Ÿ UÉ6 ‘ & œ¤i T¡ 6 u ;DWgc¤ 5 [
/ 8 U 8~8Š yu V$8 œU 8~  q“ m Íl ÔD k Q ¶86 E ’ Á UÉ È %8 B S c W ¸ s
P hU ³ X W6 8 Q9 [8DW 8 × 7 Di ¤ i W
n T T  Ø ¥ ;’ x [ ) [F 
y4   şa 79 f# VM“) S8°o 2 6 ' i;W Ÿ
1
8e uy &< ) Z E ) 8 . 8 a H8 6 u V  ) h 8 B ScWS
Å ™ S‰ [8 @i¶8 E ’i 8D I ŽD 8iD k ˆl : ) a H8 uV P" 8ÄœÄ , )  [86 u &<ˆœ  8D  , 8iY Å
j –8 S 8 V yu ˆ U ³ V “ × ' 9 8 F 8W ) P h  U ³ u€  8D  B œ liV  Áy
t Ó w’ yÉ y# & 8 a 4D œ S “
4k Ž *8 V 6 u U ³ (repressive) [’ 8r 8 DW 8 (exploitative) & T ' 8 T¡ 6 < ) 9 [8H86 x <
" 8D k ˆl Ô ³6 u  Diu€ (discrimination); 8 F T Ê 8D
8 © ) X Wu© ) 8 ) Å 8bD : : ³
³6 ¹ Ù8 ³ Ñ ³ d x < a m  ˆ 9 8  l 9 [8  µ 8’  a F © ) ” yu ) O  ³1“
 86 × –`/2D [—S 8 œ;~’  [8 X W × 8  £ aZf o V W EÒmD X W Œ V 86 × 7 8 E Ò8 zF f Ä  [8 ³ V
, )
6 × & stages DW 8 ; <D’ =¸–|D H8 ş} 8a H8 × 7 H iu€U ³£ Å D C 9 [8 : )“ d
u &V ºŸa stage ›6 × s 8 [ stages W’ a V 8 6 ¹Z  i¸Ä , ) m TWD c4D œ ³u 9 „¸8 œ , TWD
´ ´ yx < ceD 8’icH8u E )W i9 [8 Ç8’ –£“ Å 4Í  , TWD D
8  9 [8   Ä , ) m TWD c 4D œ
c H8DW 8 x < E ’ E ³Ÿ¶ c H8 yx < + @ WrŸc H8 @i "¹x < )
œ (persecution) F ·DW 8 ’ž 8Š6 x < E ’ i ›Ÿ [’ 8D 8 … Ä (Passive Resistance) ˜ x 
e V“u & m  F L  8 m D 8

L 8V DW 86 u Ü
M; 8 C cÇ8’ * ˆX 8W %Ü™ F • ) œ H8a _Su Ô³ŸuÑV
y  D ) CÅ 4 €R 9dU ³ 8D • u
u y Ä'9 8W ÒO k ’ œH8 yu “u V µ œ (Passive Resistance) ˜x6 u # < ¥
9 8W ÒO k ’ œ H86 u +ˆÅ 8V yu  D ) CÅ ’ 8@ 8 W 7 
)ZD • W ’žS yÕ ~ y×D / B  x / 8 ¬D œ  S  [8

8 H8}
F 8 8 6 u Ä ' ) ;ş H8 yu Ä 'V  œ ³+ )J
¤i E uÄ ' [ÌXW c H8 6  i Å 8WDD œ  8£ cQ´a 9 8£  F

11
“ d V Îs 8 G  œ H8 6 § H 9 8 % ¸a '/ 8 6 ¹x <Z ’ 9 8£ ¶ cH8 ³x < E ’i ›Ÿ[’ 8D 8 … ÄcÇ8’Å
Zf o† ’6 ¹1 <ÇT4 E ’DA cH h8U 8~Ÿ4D œ  [8 8D  ³x < v ÔD Òc _  D’ 6 ¥ ;DWgcu џDW 8 ´9 8
6 × ¸U 8~4  W × D 8’Ö < DW 8 D 8’ V kX Dy 8’X y[D" D 4  a c eD 8’i. 8 yÄ 'XD 8Ç8’ X W} 8S6 u # < ›¥’ N’S_  D’
V“ × ' u D‹V ³D 8’V kXDW 8D 8’Ö < Dy 8’w Dy 8’X y[D" D y4 a y e "“ ÍV l H8  8£ yÄ 'iƒÓ 8’
Ÿ4#Ÿ
u D ‹V ³U 8~Ï yu ¥D W@ c 9 [8 P h Z D • È ) ³;~’V“ – ’ l DW 8 yu 8¨u 9 8W ÒO k ’ 8D Y
¶ c l Z  V * ¤ i  4n [8 a V 8 S y'  Å m D 8 L
8 m  F4 ³× u D ǒ}  H8 S‰DW 8 u ¥DY
G ¼ 8 Ix ^ s Ÿ ¶8 6 0
 F ¸T a  G Ì c V 8 X W y & H8 9 8DW 8u # < F • ) œ stage cF·W’ž m -iY È )
S yu & Ix^ G ¼ 8 cU 8~6 × s (sile n t m a jo rity) DWJ ¬D œU ¯S  [8e ; 8 C cÇ8’ Ph ˆ *œ
yu  D  +“ × '  u D1 ’ X W 6 '  ³Z Ñ x 
8 X W D œ´ u y # < 8D k 8 9 86 × ¤6 V 8£ k4 k 8 \¦ W 8DW 8U 8~
\ V 8 4< yu  D < +24< u
Å ’WD  y  D < 8D k 4< 8 +28 u y # <Ž *Aa 4 6 u # < E ’ T wÅ 4W \ yu # <
a 4 v¾Ÿ V 8
^ Z D Z D  V 8 4< y× u D < x 8 E 8 a ’ 8€ c 4W ŸV 8  iZ W  F B 8M ? ~ yu # <
4S8 "u +UC Ò) œ V 8“ ×  µX W
ÒW × u D < x 8• 6 u # ’ 8 E 8Å 4& ·
< E
8 ˜³V
S +³¸Ñ "u f8 B“ 8 B E u c [DD l  8£ ´Ÿ’žZ D  H8“ u ;DWg c y y˜x , ,4   9 8
W  Å Zf o DW 8 × Q
œ T –8 DW 8 ƒ œ 8 ND   Ÿ S  [8 a N Wf“ Q H8 6 x < +ƒ Ó 8’
 Å 8WDD œ
6 u  D  ’8W  V 8“ × ¥ li H&U 8~6 × 7 H† ^ H8 ³1 < (violent) W¸X W} 8 6 × 'Å Z E½¬D œ
·6 × & <% 4n [8 V 8 4 E
E ’DA cU 8~D
8 ¥D
8o 2 iÑ X W } 8 S6 x < E ’ i ›iž8“ d ÇT KŸb
y y k F  ~ ¥ Wi i uŸ4‰’£ , ,N x < E *œ F
Á ³ ˆ ·W’ž8 ³u DiÅ8WDD œ  8£ ş yu D
(Active Resistance) Ó 8D 
U 8 ‡ 8Ž “ ¹x <ÇT–u*/ ¼; 8 @iH86 dQ < G 8Sd
h W ϣRF
ƒ ń 8V 6 d œU 8 ‡ 8Ñ4 8W œW@  [8 X’
E F Base ¤& 8 DW 8 žj ;~’ . 8 - 4·‰ X ’ E FÅ X’ E F XW
œƒ
h Wy Ó R Q  Ü H8 6 u V -8 œ   C c ;’ ’DW 8 u i ¥Ž Ó 8D ” 8
a ;Dˆ¶8Å bX ’£ xV 6 ži 9W X’ E FÅ
³ E ’iU 8 ‡ 8 l : ) DW 8u [D x c: ) } 8 6 u [DWgÌ o ¸8 Q  liÇT ƒ h ˆ H
h ˆDW 8 6 ¹ ƒ  V 8} 8È ž
U 8 ‡ 8’£ W 
 l [D [D x} 8 Pi[XW’ 6È 1 < ›: ) 8 ¸8 8Š 6 4 + y y to buy time, ,a y§ H ƒ h W 8

@
J : ) ™ “ Q H8 6  D Z ’ T 9 ş Å ‹ …… c You have missed the 6 E ’ c Üxl : ) ³[’ it # a
a H8 s4 y% a ¤C / 8“ ^ S 8 Å i 8M ; T  8 8DW 8È ,U œ
} : ) ¸$  E ’ 8UÜxl : )} 8 E
· bus
i“u V z~’ 8¨“u D m8W S6È  Ï DÅ [ n W…… r œU 8 ‡ 86 È1  Á U œ
D8t ¸$  yE
’iU 8 ‡ 8ƒh W F 8 ,l : )
;…c ` 5 Y8 TµD®S
5̀ ’  Z¨QR 8D’ 8W '9 [8 y yƒ œ , ,6 u ƒ œ’ 8€[D • ³S 8“ H&V =  § H < +ƒ h W H8
´cU ³: )“uV Active Resistance 6  D C DW 8 ş 8µ 8 c7a RÅ / JS
S 8 6 d =a ; fT =µ œ
\8 ş y+Îş¸8 Ž Ó 8D ” 8
l : )S } 8 y &ŸSD % @’  ƒ œ ³1 <  D x  8 ¸z’ ) D 8&  HØ J
¤i yu [’  ) c EWi
Åy Ó P h 4 k 8[ O {8 l 5
 d Dv T 96 E ’ Ê Á 8&
’ 8 E,
Ä ) bfD H a R[’  ) cEWiXD* Ï È y 1<
D k yÈ  i’žs 6 m +¢ X ¶ œ y yVW ŽUf y’žUf , ,™ V y [µ  [D c šB D
8  V 8 9 8“V ZXW’ 6È 4 D œD’
 iT ' 8 8  8 Á a 4& cg 8 sS È y  iE ,’ ³ d x < E ’ ˜8“ 4 ±  }  S Tˆ8listen & obey
)DÅ H8DW 8È
œ;µ H8 È y 1C3O Ò& 8 ³se 6 È  [8 86 È 1 < Ro ³ d x < Í œ o=  DW 8È  if ÔZ
³D Ž8D C 6 E Á Vˆ
’Z ’D 8 t *z Ä& 8 l 4S8ŸO Ò6 È X WDW 8È ƒˆa fk 6 ¥ µ o ³  A} 8DW 8 ¥ ’³T  8“4
z Ä & 8 ŸO Òl  S 8 c H8 DW 8 U ÄS 8 a [€ Փ  DW 8 m E ’ ¥˜l<
€a H8 j™ fd ¸S £ cU  n®
vfWDWg "“u < V k €ÅŸ +% 9 8 6 u ¥DZ ’D 8 t *
Á Vˆ GDxi < 4W E 1 l 4D œV 846 ±À N WfÐ4 ·
ŸT k DW 8 V < c ´ " E jV WşŸDW 8 ´l 4S8 +DW 8 "Í 8  [‰x Íl 4S8 ³ E ’ ˜œ l ) 8Q 8 l <
€ V 8 6 ‘ Q Á
“ Q H8 6 À m Æa 4 k 8 8 lºS yÄ 'E
j V W ş U: S 8 V e ym šB a H8 yjl  V ³6 Ä '
DW8 m/D k [ Ì cZ  [k ˆ
E
8 6
lµ Õcy k
[Äa .H8 6 m Ä ' ) È ) ˏ K 8 & S
B 8 £ m (mob)
+³
S6 j&X’ E FÌ c‚DW8Z U} y{Ñ i 8Wl )Åg 84   T%  dT k W V < / 8 i ^ c X/ 8 ¬D œ  [8“u V Lf
Active P h  O {8 V 6 j¥D A y y[’  , , Ph 4   9 8 V ³4 [D f V =
[S
m/(  6 4D x Q  liV  Á
t
Ñ 9 8“ Ä 'A Ÿ4W O {8Å H86 mU‡“ œ Resistance (Active U 8‡8 Ž Ó 8DÅ Passive Resistance ˜
c m k 
S Á
Tµ% % ’žUfU‡ 8XW’ œS H86 u f8W lÑ 6u  ·  Ya܏Resistance)
SÈ y  iE ,’D k DW 8 E< E ³ÅŸ È y  i’žÅŸs“ m œ (Active Resistance) U 8 ‡ 8 Ž Ó 8D “ N ‹V 9 8
¯k  uy D˜ œ ¯ k  “‘  F 8
8 œ
· V k €DW 86È  E ³V k € 5 D£a ¸8 yd4W’ % 9Å%

`   a ¸QH86 u +µ
13
F‹Å
& ×0 6 × uD < wÅ D˜ ¯ k  s u y + 8D a H8 l
"’ F  z ³  E ) k   a< [k ˆ
l : )“ 8V ³µ œ H8 S6 Í Ñ Ÿ´ ³l s
*‰(
 V F s
“ a y ’ F  “ p  8 “ Q H8 6 E

x . B @
6 j< ’i Ο  /cg º
ÍÅ t l Y8 6 u  D iV » " N S 8 & 8 Å Y8 T ' 8 abH8  l H Z DW 8 ±X 4WDZ Z y  4 if 9 8o 2
*
D dF %Z D YX W E ) u a ’ 7. 8 šl a  T ' 8Z 8  +’ l2K, şl 4D œ[’ 8 F ) S
S }
86 ,[Ïc
4   yu  4    , y“ Íl a "u , X W š+ "u (Armed Conflict) U’ { Š 
i!9 8fÅ TXcVS 4·DDW’
Ñ 4  6u  D   F 
X’£ x6 d œU’ {Ž Ó 8D ” 8

Ñ [W Ò)DW 8 ¾ ¿U 8 ‡ 8
& 6 u ‘ D 8’V kX
 U’ { m -Xf €  œ 4D œ  [8% 4¯ } H8DW 8 U ³
9 ¨/ ¬c’ F  DW’
Ñ yD S F 8 X8S
E · ³u [’ i N Wf Active Resistance l : ) =  q< 6 d
9 8W Ò4 Ԓ u */ ,
L4 E X’ x … F 8
8`
j –8 X’£ x9 8 8Š yu E ’i Ύ Ó 8D ” 8
ŸbZ D l : )“
  9 [8 Z 8  9 [8  9 [8
H8 6 dZ iU 8 ‡ 8 Q B DvnŸ4D œ S  [8 U ³
c!9 8f AXÅ VSi 8W l EW’ a 4·D cDW’
Ñ l D 8’V kX
[D x Q  9 [8 l S } 8 6 d V -8 œ S  [8  Ü
C  H8 6 u 9 8W ÒNc V Ԓ Å W   4 WD 8’Ö <DW 8u
 ƒ h W yjÀc žŽ Ó D’ Ä
, ) W Ac4D œ yjcÅ Dvd
[ cT ' 8V 6  D U ´ 8 œ 8žcV 8Å NcH8DW 8 × ´
¥  [D x} 8 DW 8 6 ¹ x < 9 [ œ S V ³ m +r œ U 8 ‡ 8
“ × s T ' 8 ³6 u E ¸ X ¶ œ 9 [8 l H8 a 7u b[
c V 8 ¸8  yj’£ x’ 8€ c 4D œ  [8 ³ ¸8 yE ’ iU 8 ‡ 8
Y 8 ³D dF  Q Z¨V y, V ÂV 8› “ Íl a = 
“ dVÎzF fœ H8 ³‘} Slisten and obeyX W yjÄ , )
4    W’ is

sD’ yW’ E< E ³Å 8  y y  V F s


, “ , E kÁ l ?Ž
j 8WˆE ‘ ³¿ ÜH8 U’ { E ·6 ¹x < U œ V
S
  W’i  9 [8

X W y× 
· Ÿ¦ )c U’ {H86 ¹ ;  m [D’ ş y¹ ; 
V » a 4~AW’ l T ' 8Å 8 " +D œ i œ9 [8 H8 9 8
6 d4WiV » a¿ a
& × * V » L8W’ aZXW’DW 8L8D HaŒA™ 6 u E ’i
( 8ŸH8u +KœÑ£ -
} 9 8 l o*0a . 9 [8 É/* i
V F U’ k ’ W F  D’ WD’ tS, 
i 8Mb¶D ~ S 8 T ' 8 Œ ³× H
a F 8
8 [b: )
 V F : u*/ (
«¼@
8D ’S [‚ 4D
& u +T ' 8aZ D  7 y Šy ³, , f a 9W ;~’ 6D ' iU œ & 8 DW 8 WiD 8 IWD c WD’ ™
/ Š ³ V a l k F j; Ä X
F 6 u WD’V 6 W’ x’ a 9 8£ Å / ³Z ’ j d ş E
Ò e ş6D
Æ¥
 U p/ ; R 8 Ó yu + 9 8 DW 8 u DZ ’ 9 8£ ³u  D < 8D k 6 × x †   g Y
E ·
6u Ä
'XDiNoxœ N 8  8 > ) X W mV Ÿ [8 /£
W E ,q S šB y B ¸¤ 5  y ƒ œ ¸’ 8€ v <D x =  DW 8 6 ×
6 %T 8 BŸS
8 V 8 8D C × ; 8ÙW z ` [8£V ŸH89 8 Ÿ: ) / 8 9 8 ³4 D x Ÿli V  Á »%
t  DW 8 1 <  µ 
¸
*8 
b hx 1 c5 T m Ž Å §W 6 # ) 9 [8   v 8¥H8 6 W’ 8¥%  : u */ (
« ¼ @
mV «6›Å y Ó cV Ÿ [8“ m + Kœl a Z 46 dZ  E’ VS y¹ 1 <  < a v 8¥6 # i E ) 9 [8
 Š ³¦ Ÿ6 Z } i%  4W D ÒcU ³ ƒh ‰ 8 ’£ xX W“ § H
8 R ´V yx 8Ul a £ L8E V 6 # ) 9 [8 Z 4
D
(* 6 × L8Äc9 [8
ş  ` F cY8 6 u 5 T cY8 ;  ›Å y Ó a ; n(  _ 
41b4
9 [8MŸ 
& t/¹¼e/k ¥1 p1 & 81 6 u ´ TU ÄşDW 8u ´ TV Ž *8
u Ÿ   … 8 C H / Ó k F [DWX V DW 8u ¸Ñ4 8 ³S 8 œ 9 [8 X W Œ L8E f
XDŸq
 [DF )  % Ï  y¥W R 8 u 4 8[ . 8 ¸/9 [8 dS 8 6 u litmus test œ 9 [8 dS 8
Á ³ 5 T m Ž
† *8 6 u # i ¼a A%  c5T mŽ *8 Š ³¦ Ÿ 8 q< 6 /D ’W|D
}
8  4WXX lºDW 8 W z Ä E Å 8

c5 T U Ä[XW’ cU Ä´u T -¨/( €a Ac ¤ i ’ 


cX 8W W 9 4·‰V ³u ¤ÊDW 8 h• yL ƒy[ Ä yD 8’DW FV Ÿ [8
6u @ < 5 T cU 8~¥DW 8 6 m Ä ' V 8[ s O {8° ya A  (export) • )
Á F f 9 [8 do 2 6 di a b}
# . 8ŸV  C 8
Q VŽ *8 DW 8 u œ ? ŽY8 PhK œ (Sovereignty) 5 T 6 <XDa’WX. 8 X W yu
a g T e W’ DW 8 × Rf
DˆU ¯ [XW’ c 5 T 6 u bh Su y +a 8Å [ n W……l a “ ^ X W œ – [8uV
6 u Rf )
D» œ (Popular Sovereignty)[D5 T
 W : ) a F 8
8 zx ' iŸ£hÅ ; T Â8 Œ’
6 × Z ¼~ H8 T n µD DW 8 u ? ŽY8 Ph F  V k € ND ¤
i 6 ×'Ï D œ [
n Wu [8DW 8 [n W……a^H8s9 86 u +
" d X ¶ [8 ş 8 Å H8%9 8
k 8 x 1 c 
  ‘H8DW8VŸ [8 œ y`
5 9 [8µD

X¶ [8V 6 u Y8 dj k œ»%
 “u V ‡ ‘ 8XW’ œŠ ³ 8 "u +V Ÿ [8 œ `
u X W ³ iV » a ²S 5 Y8 TµD®

15
Ò
6  i ?W y j k œ» ´–ÅŸ6 u #
u @icØ 4W D
} ÒcU ³ ¶
; 8W &f owœ  xDW 8 À ¼¸c [D 8’V kX @iH86  Dvz Ä Dv[’ 8È8
U 
( (
VŽ *8 U ¯ Dv ­8D y Dv[’ m "“u V ‡ ‘ œŠ ³ 5< Ó £ u œ ¶8 , ,€ šc4 k 8 z n0Ž… Ç: 8 zœ/kst=¶0  u X W Phj k 6 ¸c
4
0 œ/ : J¥c

: ) ¥ 8·c "W < É8 a .H8 6 ¡ ş yŒW 8 ş y×


8
£ H V Ž *8DW 8u ¥W j k œ»%  6yuy a ` FDW 8 4 k Ó )Ñ
Ò Ì ¸™ ³§WG ZDW 8 ; 8W y;S 8 m Ž
*8 , “
, 4 > % Ÿ & u k 8 X WuÑ
(* Ó k †  X FWD 3 
Ž k 8  8
u€Xf oS 8 4W’ m
"V 8D 
›a m Ž “uV… 8WS y±
*8 §/ D #
V 8 X W ³u  } W 8 ş} 8 a Zf o zV 8 6 y yl ` 5 ®u +
5̀ Ó 8`
Ž » %  j/ e k _ D’
+ÇT'l : ) 6 × * ÇT’SF 8 l : ) £ u  ’ m "c; fÒ '8
8WY 8 yu cY8 ¸©V 8¨ y4 j k ¸œ©/ 8a
IWD c z Çl : ) 6 ¹ x < c ; c : ) y±  ¦ W 8 : ) ³  Z¨Ñ y
k 8 cY8 H Ó O k ’V y# )V y4 v 
% V 6 Vk8D
1
p4 0“040 l¥ 16 ¹x < c; c: ) 9 8 y+ÇTU … m TWD ycD 8 ³u [’’ fW 8 u
y  ’Z ’ \ş l H /6 u
k 8 cH8 ¸X W ³u E
:*
1Œ*4
a "£ u X W ;  X’ E
FÅ yÓ a "S ’  Y8 , ,€ p4  0 t/¹¼e8 l0(
4£/ o 2 6 u 
D 8W j k s6 u Q  ¶8 t2# k 8 c ¶ / ¸X W
E D’ 6 ×
8
V Ž *8 U ¯ Dv ­8D 6 y  y Ui Y Å y Ó m Íl U ÄcU"8P;_6  4 ' i× H £“× 
,
V [D’;D~DW 8’6 Q Á ş y;D~E ’ y8D· E  fœ yD
3*ÄAZ 8 , “
Ÿ4W’TZ D V 8 s“u &V šF ~[D Y+  u( ,
 
% 8DW 8 >D Œ8 S
S 8 a ) ´° 6 u Å D ‘ 8 z 28 Q  Á T k / 8Ÿs“V DW 8 "‘ ' i + 8’ 8’ : 
Z D •  c; ’ EJ
„S yQ Á ş Dv[’ m "V Ž*8 a€ €xZ  V x œD 8’V kX y y" D 8 œ liPˆB q . 8 a
Q oz 28V 6 u ¡ œ€ € u y ŒW 8 „ œX 8
XÅ D ‘ 8 y T k 8¨V“u #
Å H8 X 8S y4 v f a Pˆ4 H°Å 8 a u 
6u Á  ’µŸ ´ E
Ÿ: ) / 8 X W“ Q H8 6 4W’ht 4WiD 
WD œ [’µ
S 8 yÓ “u & ) Ÿ; 8W V UN a 4 k z 4  ZD • ‰(œ : ) ³È È` 8Ÿ: ) / 8 : ) }
tÓ* 8 6 u j k œ x kX
8 H @ œ 4 kW’ 
S y UF  œ H8 E
D 8 F 8 Å Z 6 × ½ H @ cY8 4 Â È  iT ' 8 × W ¸% & 8 : ) 4 6 d =Ÿ
« l a 6È1 ig% 4 kW’ ¸ “V DW 8 yd œ @i¥ Y8 7È × H š   8D ¶8 ¸Å 4 v 
/ 8 : ) 6 u ;F < 8
9 8p œuS 8  u1 ÌDW 8 u u€; 8W V ¸4   4 œ“u Ò× W T k œ : ) 6 i: )“u / H
: )“u / H Y8 4  d ?W
_iv³œ 8D  H8DW 8 6 d4W’% œ: n ) a S y× % @’ ¸ '  ig  | S 8% H8 Dd8D B Q 8pµDW 8 V  D’
5 : )46 × j V 8V DW 8 Ql f 9 [8 × ÍV“ 8 

` D ‘ 8 z 28 Ph yQ Á şV Ž *8  ¸a ;D~DW 8 ’6 ×
, c4 (£0 …4
0 4* 0 *
/2e8 zÆ0¥ ^ Ç41Ǽ‚0 ¯1 n(
(
*4‹
/ O41
/Ç4 l0X4 n–(
Z 8 , ,  ‹8 € o0 m/ 8 o/ n4 m/ 0 Ž m1 Ç1 n 0( 0  8 ˜Ÿ y €ž n5K0 ( 0“/2d0   m ) t
Á M g 8 x WDF 8 6 u Q Á Å
8D C c:”DW 8  V » <D cr BÅ 8u 8˜Ÿ: ) œT 7  f n  Z D 8’ 8 V 8
^ Ÿ’ 6 y y× U 8 Ä 4 ³D~’ , ,  7 € 8
6 E ¸ X ¶ œ T w 8W iZ  º” Ÿl ` 5 : )o 2 6 y y 8W
5̀ DW 8u D8’“u V µ œ H8S6 u ÇT Zc X 8
X
4·‰ a ; x Ï 8 H 6 [’ ;~’ i < a 4TZXW’ DW 8 M "4 Å D ‘ 8D 8’iDW 8 Q h 8 / 8 ;D~ş“u < 6 u Í;D~
h W H /6 +T ' 8Å 8 mH¸L i£ K“8 6 –D ;~’W 
ƒ y  ;_£ È 4 ’ b 6 x < ™  W 8 Å 4W’ 4W EWi

6 ‘ ¸E ]  DW 8 
8È 8 6 mV P W  ş mB v f ³ o(; Y8 qD ½ ~ ;_DW 8 µ x ;_  y ` ;_ Î y ) ;_
DW 8  8D C [¸£ S D ‡ 8  i D  ³ ²  ym ^"< ş ³6 × ¾ ’ Ÿ V Ó ) : ) °È %’ @i H8 ŸU …  Ú8
6 +T ' 8 l : n ) 8‘ DW ×l  5< ÓDW 8 5½o y 5¶ £ × ´ VŠ ³¦ Ÿ
6 mŽ *8; 8W wœDW 8 QY8K u*/*ϺyQY8K u*/*ÍT
;   8 cH8DW 8A [8 zV 8 6 ci4 UÁa 4c(* O 9cŠ ³¦ ŸH8 l ` 5 Y8 TµD

fŒ 4 1 * c ¨ 0
V 8DW 8 +l : n ) 8 yx ) i V =8 `
5 Y8 TµD®S‰£
5̀ Y8Ñ ·‰Z 8 , ,8 Ç%1/ t1¹¼e8 k ¥1 t0¶:1 k 08 Ç4c1Ç4‚1q1 n( n  8D nŸ4·‰l :
¥8 n{0*0 * n )
“  V k l 4·‰;“ jV ’ m "›Å y Ó cAH8 6 cÄ , ) c l: n ) ¸8 a ;~’ Å8§8 6 y È y v <  9 [ œ " y’T ş 8µ
µÅ  < cY8 X W × u DµÑ£ ` 5 : ) y× fY8 `
5̀ 5: )
5̀  Š ³(emphasis) DW F 8D œZ D y+w¤ Õ D . 8
i iC œ n
 # XÅ ˜ ` 5 : ) Q  V 84 ³u Å ) NW :
5̀ n )V y× u D £ ƒ h WH/l: n ) al ¤ i 8 W ;~’ cŸ [8 H86 D ¥
X’ E
F Å H8 "u < < +P  8 ¸Å ;  c f + "u H Š ³…~’ i < \ \l : n ) 6 +T ' 8 8 y‘ [ 8D C ¸
’ c > ) 6 u€ ’ m"c;W£ 0 F iD»: ) œ l  Lƒ 6 c;~’iÅ  l Ÿ g ‹ 4‰ 8W V 8
^ / 8€W’46 c
.f y¥u ’ m "[ Ì cA³;W(“ ¹$ T 9Ÿ: ) ¸a Sj ´;  € [XW’ 6 E ’ vD y¥ ¥;  l 4·‰ ³€ S8
£  ’ m "c ;W .fc m E ’ €„8 UÉ 6 u ’ m "[ Ì ¸;W Å a g T 6 Ä 'yµ  ° u D  Ix^ y Ó y Ó
œ V 8DW 8 6 À 94 ÍÅ 4 ͓  X F 8

8 œ H8 8D C u ¥D Al Íl 4S8 6 ‘ C f V =8 ¥ ™ £ xZ J=;_Ph
³6 Ä' ›i[X W y k f Ÿ m E ’ €„8 UÉ l 7 yz Á [D f # ) [¨S } 8 y4 1 JÅ y Ó aS } 8 y× • 1 [¨S } 8
17
PS œ  g  c}  g  ´a $ o Y8 y4 ¸`4  6 u H ’ m "cz~’;WX Wu  · a ’£ l  ) Lƒ
µDWgX W ¹ K;  £S ’  Z D • y¹ x 8D£ [D • 6 y È y i XW Ùl  £  ’ m "c;W[W Ò) DW 8 ;W( c ` 5 Y8 TµD®o 2

l 4S8 < ‰“È`S‰“È iµ   F Q H8 6 È  ’ E k Á a ¡V ) t Á a Z D   7 yjl  ) L ƒ c ’
“ N iV   ¸: ) 6 ’ m "[XW’ c F @ N 'D ) u V 6 E ’µ +  V 8£ S‰ X WDW 8® n TµDY8 , ,€ t= 00o( 0*4 l/(e¥8Ž t/¹¼e8 ¯1 Ç4A1c¥ l ¥$0 1  Ä '
“ mƒœ ¥ f V =8  : n ) + "j;DWgc H8 Ÿ ` 5 D£+
5̀ eD€ œl  Ÿ` 5 Y8 TµD l ´a l
5̀  H8 y y6 ×%
k¥1 ¯. Ç4A1c¥ o(4 / n(
0¼4@0c40 n0Ž  m ) t Á M g 8 x WDF 8 6 u  k ;   c:
% n ) ’SÅ Zcl Ç8’DW 8Å Zcl f ` 5 : )e m +

“ Q H8  ŸTµD ´l s , ,  7 € 8 € t/¹¼e8  d4n( 0
/ /Ç nŸ0*1c/  k D W 8 « l s y y n( 0Ä4›00 Ž n( 0Ä4/?0, ,j ` 5 : ) 6 ‘ ¨8 ’ N

l` 5 D ) ’£ W 
5̀  H8 y y6 Å ˜ y Y8 x < cl  ˆ 8 c H8 liu€T 9S 8 Q  Yl ` 5 D£ 86 ‘ µ D œ Tˆ8

 jQÅ dD QX¼ ) Ç8D’V ³j Æ  H8 ³ +F • ) l 4 k ¬ œW@  [8 ¶8 } 8 X¼ )“ Q 

“ jc ² ;DW [ ”/ S ¼(& 8 l ` 5 D£™ Å D

wW n 6 E ’i N Wf© œÆ y¹†l  Q
% 7u  D ) 8” 8ŠÅ ;D µ k Å T fÅ €S 8 œ ¥ t Á £ ‘  I XV [WÅcY8 qD  g n X’ °;_
9 +ŠS 8 Å ¡ œ 9Ï y× q }H Ø E  H Ph X’ E F Å H8 Å D ‘ 8  ÔDW 8 u G 8WD c 4 kW’ ¬DW 8 [D I
uDWgš S 8 Å a W’ V 8“u + XfW l Y 8DW 8 u  D ) Å c Æ l s , ,` 5 t/¹¼e8 ¯0 Ç4A1 n(
5̀ 0Ä4*0n( 0 6 ¥ T 8µ ş œ l I X
J¥c 0
4S8 y‘ ’£ x¸S‰DW°sÑ "i1w yv % 6 dZ ’ k  Á› >˜%  œ: n )“ ;  H8 , , * t/¤0nŸ¥c8Ž /4 8 zÆ0¥ 6 y yÅ ` 5 TµD Y8

4 4 (
m  ) s V 8 y× z’ ) Å Z E½ yiPic‡ € D£“ Íl a m  ) DW 8 ¸a xDW 8 , ,m/O4* 1e8Ž m/O4Ä1c8 zœ/ y È y  il  ˆ 8DW 8È
4
;È y Õ¸D ·DW 8 yd x < )% Ì ¸ k È y %   €Å i™ ±DW 8 ¸a ;Dˆc¹’ k ) c± , ,” “0Ñ4 08Ž ~/,
c
L0(4 0c48Ž y y¸
0
6uD ' k  Á ¼ XDWJ

Ñ ` 5 D£S6 u ;DWg„ 8 ›c
5̀ Z ’ ˆ )  s Ÿ4WXW’ : n ) u H DW 8 , , n( 04º0¥0 h.“0,
* 00 zÆ:¥Ž 6 y y¸$  8 
6 u DW 8Ñ 7 'D & 8 œ ` 5 D£“ + X F 8

8 l u,8i {$  Á 4<¨8 sŸV 8£ k’D 8W kS 8 l : n )“È `V s6 y y ’
+Å s : n ) Dn £“ ; MÅl C Ò
™  Ü H8o 2 ŸV 8£ kH8 s y× jD ÖV <DW 8D d g ` l 8  : n ) s " E’
Æ: 0
;_DW 8 J €¢ 8 ;_6 ×g Ts˜œ: n ) £ y× \  m0
4k408 Ç0 ™ n(0(1 k¥l4 0 z ¥Ž 6  i× H £ dD 8 œ : n ) " E ’ Á ¨8 4<
0Æ:¥
H&6 [’ X³J^ şl ` 5 D£S y; M
5̀ Ål JQ WD ~ l4 0 z Ž 6 y yÈ ÌÅ H8È ’ Á¨8 : n ) ¸Ÿ7DW 8 , ,t=¹0¹40
-
/ c0 ¼ œ/ ( ( ( 1 ( 4 0 É2/ %0b4n /¯0 Ç4*

¥Å a C Ò
6 × Ï ;  J ^ ´` 5 D£°“ m  D
5̀ È`DWg;  Ks“V DW 8 , ,p. k0t* 00 Ç4 t/¹e8 z À1 n&00 k0n( ¥ n 00* ( ‰1
Æl: n )’£ W 
H8S ‘ N BÅ ZclTµD , +Kœi Z  {(
 X ’ 8D 8 œ : ) £ Dn £ , “ U ’µ 8  ’ 8O;_
y 4W O {8 Ql Á l
Å  V ¬ÅŸX¼ )“Q H8 "j 4< l 4/   H ’ 4͍ 4 z?:x;_› y Y 8 R
 e yZ4 ‹
lÁ l  D ›L i şŠ4sC ÒE Å 4WD DW 8 1 < 4 kW’ 9D œ: )DW 8: ) Ëz?:xZ 8 ,“ , m E ’µV Å f Ë /8
"X W Q
6 4  D <iEJa£ Z iD 8’ m Ÿ y: n ) ? Ž Y8 “ + 6 y y×  4   ³ s y i N ! i<
D 28 ¸9 8 ` 5 D£S6 Z ’ k 
5̀ Á ›R4c4? ) D C yZ D •
, )
n Wπ
> X[  [8 6 ‘ a ’c
°([8“V L W 8 6 ‘ * D+; 8bD H l a Q  Ä , ) .x WD œ ` 5 Y8 TµD“ E
5̀ ) T u ŸJC o  b ;_9 8
;
(
 § H8DW 8 mV ) t Á XW ´œ° [8` 5 Y8 TµD6 u D
5̀ ¥t 8“ m 8V Æ a  8
Á} uÆ 6 u  < cD œ 8 Ç8D’
A Å 8“ d V ) t Á Ä ¸ XW ´œ H8 ¹C 8 ;~’ ¸£ 9 8 @iH8 c: n ) s ³xDW )} ‡• x ' i  œ ` 5: )

DW 8Ìiw6 Wi¸Xi 8q ÇÏ 8 Q  H8 6 u D X F # °8D Y“ # D jV… 8W …DˆS6 × ' ic T µW + 8 / 8°È  iz ‹
6 du D X F #
W ) °8D YÅ ¶86 v DW 8ÎyÇ V ) t Á F • ) œU’ {iz%   5 D£DW 8 m +} ‡• l ¥t

’S ` Á“
u H“ m Ä V -8 8 Å y Ó œ7
y  ˆ W  8
l liN ! iz%   Åh• Å WD cZ "oH8D œ 8 8Š y‘C i
V=  Ÿ–S 8 † ’ 6 9 8 % l "1 <’iZ †Z D Y [D • ` 5 D£ “ Ä
5̀ ' ) T u 3D ß ybx ;_6 ‘ µ  
Z¥iD k ŸD HW’i desperate X W ³È ’D k V“U‘  Y8 Z 8  + Kœi Z l b x ;_o 2 6 × Ï * #
9 8“ x < X F 8
8Å 8DW 8 %i (Corner)  8 Ÿ‰ 6 d
D œ: ) } D ‡Ô† ’ 9 8 6 u  < [D • .x WD œ y: n ) u # U‘ T n µD
6 ¹È §  4? ) c : ) 5ÆX W ³u  8D ş œn  Q Z¨ × C f V =8 : n ) s D£ i0 n(
*
0‚4l¥X0Ž j0 ( ¥n/–(
¥0) n(
/ n( 0  Í? X×
x ‡;_6 j; F < 8 cl 9 8% ¸a I8• . 8 4   S
9 6 u k TµDDW 8 f œY8Ÿ y: n ) l s6 u c Ÿc y: n ) l sDW 8
# ““1 Ä 'ÍÅ V 8DW 8 y± x ZZ D y 8 x % º ’W {D 8 › y: n )  4? )X yÈ  ’ ˜¸£ : n ) "  D 4 ÍD 8 8D • 9 8
X WÅ H8 ³Ô O Òy…T c6 ±  : x ) 6 v <  V 8iD # / aD˜4 E D 8µ. 8 › y: 8 yQc 8`
n )} 6 Ñi <i ¸4 Â
i 8W  ´ 4WD y 8 V“  D ) ŸV 6 xZ 4Z D y 8

È ’ T 8 B s ³È ’˜œ 8 B
1’ 1 ´F 8 ´ E
yu #
¥iD k ŸD HW’ X W y× i 8W l Á 9 ®X
F y×
DW 8 fY8 ³` 5 : ) yj;DWgcÆ c´Ÿ`
5̀ 5 D£ ³

; F < 8 c H8 4   S u y #
iºŸ şc lD k 4 v  % 1’ /
19
Ž / c
J
Ó W 8 u(
) S D · ³  ɺ †  ˆ * 6 ¥ Hş 8 Å H8 œl  ˆW S ’  Z¨6 j
,
Å : ) DW 8 Di Ça 4² &D ›µ$ WD 4W EWil : ) } 8 a X 8D cY8»%  K  y’ fW 8 yw’ yÉ y# yT k yV < . 8 n6c8
Å R} 8S" d H?8 şŸ: ) ³ y Å y R v <z,“ , x< Í 6 × * U œy Ó V l 4·‰ ¸a ;  [8 [W ’ ³ W 6 W’i ?W Ò
* Ÿ: ) ³ v < zx < Í$ uy f8W  < ş yÑ œ : )%   l 4·‰DW 8 w ’  < S‰“- = m < ) 9 [8 rx
 D ) a‹c ’ > ) £ u ¥ ;W Ò) wRÇ8D’V 6 ¹ ¥ a X 8D cY8 V < . 8 Q  V ¬S6
 ² 4 ;[D 
4S86 × X’ k ) @iH8 Q‡’  <“u Ä ' +Ÿ4 k ¬“ œ H8“ Q H8 6 < X F 8
8 œ H / Ÿ4WXW’“u V  ) ² 8 i
Ó V 6 u 1 ’ B
y V œ 4 k ¬a V q KM8DW 8 Œz y yÆl 
} 8 X W 8Š6 u c;W Ò) ¹
FÇ8 S’  H /DW 8u  ;W Ò) V =8
6 × ¦Œc ;W Ò) wR ³X W "u Å D ‘ 8 Ô1 YÅ 8 ³Z ’ Ó PyZ ’ ¸i ^ cY8Ñ y Ó &8
a jŏ ;xx 8ZŸUM [’W’x fx=  a lk F S 8 yd x < w N 'µ;  yd x < w N ') œ H8 a ;W Ò) “u • µ
bV  "1  y yU  , ,l a 6 m G8 z œ’« zV 8 ƒ h WH/ ;W Ò) Ÿz’ ) 6 u V Wş 8¨a$ oH8 ³yd x < wN 'D 8&
Â
& jµŸ fxa m4DW 8 jc  ¤ i Ç . 8 a 6 dZ ’ i invest Ÿ: ) / 8 z’ ) ¥ ² 8 d  # 
Z ’ 9 œ –W >[D • ;D ‡ Ÿs“ E h W XW
)ƒ Å X’ E F V " d VŸe X’ E
F Å t ³4cD i : a - Â
(
*/ Ƙ V u ¥D %
u ¥D ) S ’  ȓ … Ó u ; £ u 8 v- œY8S È y  ’ Z ’ › R« XD* E H’ X’ E F
Ï  V ˆ * 4 Ž y Ï  V -8 Ñ × ¸8 l 4 >;_°6 u ƒÄW * ‡Di : : 4   ³6 u r ’ N 'µ
u ¥D k F ) › ¸8 s“ Õ ~  U‡ y & ¸[DD u
u y /D # i9 8W Ò¸8 44   yWi Ç ` F  m Í
  † X W
8 Å 4l y   [ ÒÅ 4¦ y[DD 4  Q y i9 8W Ò8 4 4  yWi Ç V Ó ) 6 u #  ¸“ 8 B
u ¥D Ç +  c ¹
F a Z ’   8  ¸T’ 8D Y× W d T k 8D Y4  4 + V Å "aDW 8 y“ 8 B
 D   < Å |k F ) “ W’ µ Å Ÿ ¨/ ;8 . D V< “ Á= 6 du D ¤ 8 'T’ ³ + Ç4   } 8 T k l "6 y yd
u ¥D Á [‹ ³ ¥W |k F ) ‘ % IX6ÈMiяH?8W ;¬x 8µ ³È1 ) Q w

V% b ‡ 8 c .D l a 6 ‘ D ž 8 [W 8 . DV 9 ®Å W 8A VU}  °È% wV < 8 “  Á “u E )a
6 * a  g ` - D , ,D ž 8
c y yŸ¨/ ;8 ”/ * × W ¸T’ œ : ) ³u Ça - Y8  Çc: ) } 8 6 u # <
6 À[’ ¹ 8 Å „ 8 ¸ŸÄ , ) m TWD a 9 [8 ` 5 Ui 8 f
5̀ & ¹!  8£ 4E: ) ³dx )Í Á 6 d ¤ 8
8§8 c (Passive Resistance) ˜x“ m +Kœl a 8 a 4‰’ Ÿ¡V ) t
8D # Á D C Z Å yÓ  li 8D  , TWD
6 x < E
’ i ›Ÿ [’ 8D 8 … Äc H8“u & Å eD 8’i c Ç8’ c 4o‘ f%% H8 DW 8 yÄ '+DsŸ4 OÅ H8 yÄ '
& m  FV DW 86 × u D † P" œ m D 8 L
8 H8 `
5 D£µ-
5̀ T  ) c Ó D 0 < a X 8D cY 8 yu O Ì § 6 À Å 8i – 
e • Wi E < g ‘ s 8 s6 × ±  V y× ±  e “ ¥D Ä ’ ˜œ lD #
'E Á a]DW 8 ÀÅ f’

8 / 8ŸV ) t
8D
0 *
0 *1(
4 ( *0 c¥ * œ1 4 ¨ 05
V8 u y Ä 'D 8µ³ + ) ş ş 4  W yWi  D V’ ))4  WDW 8a 8Z t/* ¼0
¥ 64¼/– / ‰ ( 2
/ 6 
4 ¼–
/
4 `4™ p40 Χ žk* t14 |4 8 “0 t=‘0^4 Β žk* k1 ¨0*8 p/ Α¨1 /2m(
( ¥ 
4 ¥1c8 n{0**n : 
› ¥ * ,0 * *
„ 4
¼(
1B0 * * * 4 *
“V E y [’i N Wf
u f[œ¤ i l 4S8“ # < Í/6 u Ä ' ) ;ş l¨@,00 z0 /¨/*
4c8 *t0-0B,
/n(
0l¥1 Ε žk6* 4¼0¥0 z4 / n(
4‰/ k6Ç4‚0j0* 4/“40^ ( m4™1c8 ¨/ /2Ž
¥1 ∆ žk6*
*4
eD 8’i c 5̀ 5
`D ) ) U ¯V 6 × ±  DÃE × ±  Z V wm(c8 € Φ žk6* 4‚/ŒÇ0* ‚0 p¥n-6›4Ž
@ Wr Ÿ [’ 8D 8 … Ä c y: n ) DW 8 (Character Assassination) y´Wi  DZ a F ~Ÿ; 8D i 8W lµiÕ Y EW 8Z 8 , ,
{DŸ` 5 D£Å H8“e
5̀ g V DW 8 ±NŸc li FÑÅ H8 E
Á DW 8 yW’ , X’ E
ŸV ) t y‰i´ÑÅ H8 E y; 8D 5’ )
( (
€^ Ç4c1Ç4‰1*
*0

n 0( 0 j0 (
/i0 ol4X0 É1*4^/*
0
Æ0 0c0
¥ 0 p1 ¬4 l4Œ*Ž  u ¥ 8· c V ) t Á 6 m #  6 × i 8W liTF 8 "s6 Ç i,,9S
UÂ [D Â S
œ: ) Å V 8 × u DµV

 £“u U‘›nfZ 8 , ,  ‹8   dV ) t Á DW 8 Q  l   € f8 œ ; 8D _D’
*%(
(
¢% y y6 u 4W FxX’ E
F Q
H&3a- E / 8Ÿ yn: ) yu #  €Ÿ y: n ) Å V 86 y yu n)
DW 8Z V > ) ‘ y ' i Í` f8DW 8 Q’ ˜ 8 £ × Ä“u & liDs8iDW’ 4 É D # c4‰’V yu D k¥ W ³V ) t Á
e + 6 u : ºÌ a B ŸfN PD ƒ c
'< œ ; 8DDW 8 yu ¯

U 8‹8 œÇ’ t6 × u D ¸U 8‹8 œ<f f t6 × u Dµ9 8 …
?WÒT k a X 8D cY 8 X Wu À[’ ) c» [Ä7 Q  f
) NW cY8 tV“u # ©Ç’ sii
BÅ ´“× u D ¸
Æ:0¥ 4 ZD• 6 œÄ , )  [8 c ` 5 Y 8 TµD ®U ³u V ³6 u
5̀ i
n0 z m4( /[48Ž“ mV ˜Q  ` 5 : ) a ’H8 S6 u À

4/(
0 "4›0 ›1 "1›4 c1 4* 9_8e + DW 8 Ä a H8 E
, ) ) a ’£ W U ³ ¥   ^ ¸£ a ¿
x V 8 × u D Á S‰V
 £ , , wm(c8 €ϑ žk6* 8 m6(p4 m4(8Ž ^ Ç4 lj1*
0
6 × / 8 MiiCDW 8 {f2) / V 8 ž
y 8 V 86 × / 8 F 8
8DW 8
Ex AD & 8% &D\S6 y y‚’ EJŸV 8 Å Mi# DW 8 
 [8 X W 6 4  D i;  c n[®r_ y D i ;  c U ³ H8 a
<6iD k[¹HS6  ;  Å DW 8 ´ y EJŸV 8DW 8 N
a ¼ ) m/Z³ H8 Å k Á c = U 8i {l ` 5 Y8 TµD £ Ä
5̀ , )
6 x < X’ k ) * E ž y D´;  > ) –£ u
6 ׏’iV » l
DW 8 × Z  @icV  ³V“ 8 H&Ÿ:”¿T 
À ǒ}  V 8 ‘V 8£ k[D • ³S 86 × À R oÌ
 W’  [8 c`
Ñ œ˜xaW@ 5 D )

21
“ × Å  ¤ i M »c’ž 4 ^a mF   8 c Q 8œ4 k’ V6u Ä 'w¤ i a ;’ 8D 8 t‘*¼V 8 V € O 8O ÒW œÈ 8‹V 6 u
;_ yu  D < x ` F 8iT 8 B ¶D a   iA
Ÿ4 ^ DW 8 y× ±  ǒ}  V 8 V 8£ k°J€W  8 bDW 8# u(Ä^
` F j 8W 4Wˆ k8 6 8D
8 4cOQ oV% T x Å x ) i V =8  V 8 UÉ Z D •“V Q o R oiY ¸Å H8
ŸŠH8 S‰6 u &< cIf cD k < X’° # < x @iH8  i E 8 [D ·  4  W DW 8D œ’WD   `°uQ o 8 ³V 6 ×
[DD l H8 + "u  D 4< R_V% T œ µDW 8 ¾ ’ sl 4S8DW 8 ± Z P hZ D • `} 8 UÉZ D • 6 ¥D <
;  ş 8“‘  < X W "u f8 B%  ; c H c € ) E uc 9 8 8Š "¹  v Â Ô ³* N Wf l > i
 Ê EZ D • Å
®DW 8 ’Tş 8µY8“u +X W“uV PhD@œ T x Å6 “Ä ' F • ) œ (Physical Persecution)  F·W ’ž m -
 4 k ¬4 E ’DA cU 8~“ mVΜ H86 × TµDY8 ` 5
5̀ 4WtFDW 8W’iµ a 4W \ŸV 8 yW’ 1 8Z m - )
8 yWD k 8

6 ±¥DY % yƒ yWD k @i[
³u UÉ6 cD œ´ yW’  g Ñ Ÿl 6 cDi ša
[F 8D’ ŽÓ ’ l ´ ` 5 D£-
5̀ [WH’“ N i< k;  8
S l  8 Ÿ ”Y8 qD X E ;_DW 8 ;_6 f a 4
¥ &  c g ‹ V 8
^ / 8 Ÿ `5 D£“ jV XW c H8 6 c 
5̀ V ŸX E D T yG6 V 8£ 6 +/ i’ ž ) R RfDW 8 )


° { 8 a V 8e y‘ x f V =8 y Ó g ‹S } 8 6 jÇT ˆ *œ’žiA
Ÿ ÑY8 qD ;_W  V 8DW 8 ,
 Å
'Ÿ` 5 D£X WDW 8‘ k
5̀ Õ ˆ 8D 8’Xg ‹S ‘ y ¸»’ )

 ša y yu &¸’T8D Y , “ , W’µL’ S 8 Í ³Ä 'riD k D k 6 E Á


8D y r ’ Z ’ 'Ÿ´7D 8’X œ? a U ³ ‰'6 ‘ u D is 8 Á
8 X 7fl H84 6 E
D ’ R½ u H8 l 4S8 6 d4 W’ EJ
u ŏ [µ ŸcT  ag ً} 8 8Š6 # ~H8)  4 ÅW 8 ¤WD HŸ© JX E ;_6 Ä 'D  D ) ©£ 8D k <

6 ‘ DÃV ¬Ph ym S f a H8 g Ù  8
^ 8D ³ E 8 j   © V 8 ³ Ä 'E 8 EW’ a 4Œ D HŸV 8iY
 %
01 (1
“ #  ’ EJ¥ &  c ` 5 ®X W“ mF B œOe xÅ k
5̀ Õ ˆ 8 cDx µ % / 8 ¸8 p4*l/* 40 8 Ç4‰¨“ mV ˜œ ` 5 Y8 TµD S6 ±

a [W   ´6 E ’ iD w 8 Å H8 l 4S8 S yž€Å V 8 s 6 ‘ ÒÌ a ’ 8€ƒ h W H / V ¬“ 4 > iV » a œ H8
 T ¿ 8 ¸œ ÑY8 qD` ;_T  ¶8 yÄ ' T ¿ 8 œ Õkˆ 8 8Ï6 # < E ’bDiž8 ³' i Å 8WDD œ  8£ şX W ƒ h W H 8 }8
“ #  K¶ 8 a ± y' ) \x¯Å%   `
= 5 D£6 Ä
5̀ ' ˆ *a¢ œ’ž“V ZXW’ 6 jD œD’ –u */ ¼; Q  ¢ 6 ; ÄS 8
Å¡’ S 8 a \ ³ yE ’µZ l 4  yE ’µe l –4  > ) V’} c JT Å ;_6 ±¥D ÇT 4 E ’DA cU 8~8 Å ¢ 6
Õ ˆ 8 6 j 9 8 l Y8 ¸X W yj’£ x ³; … t²*
k fD ž ~W j 8W li V 8°6 Å 8“ r ’ a%  4WiJ € ) œ V 8iT 8 B ¶D a
y y6 u 8W şc’žH8 y4q8D 5 : ) ŸT H8 6 Ä

` '-8 ¸V  œ V 8 ‘ y u DZ ’% Dv m 8
^
*1:Æ1Ÿ¨(
u c8 t1¶0u ‚0 m0D,
*4* 40 v4 l/(e¥8 j0 {/(
4Že Ç4( /s Ç4£10
1( k Õ ˆ8 6 u T  œ †Q Z D • V“ E ’ U œ y yV m8 U x , ,l
Å 74 # ) a X & c7 0 cD k 8 x WDZ›a  ŠDZ 8 , , X W‰ 8D 8’ 9 8 8Š6 Ä
' ›X W mÇT'm 8
^£ Ÿ` 5 : )Å T ¿ 8

y y6 × ' <Ds; ™ 8 ş“ 8V XDW6 x < E
z’ ) S ’ i2Ÿ `5 ®“ Ä
5̀ 'r a
\ … y× xW’ c ` 5 D£ y† ’S"u 
5̀ · ’ E Á ş[×Å H8
 H8e y d x < 8g ‹  8
^ 8D P h H8DW yZ i 2
( 1 ,
K X W 4   t=¶1Ç4A1 Ž Œ= l1(
u*/ ( 4£0 8 l6 ¥$0 l¥0 l1{0?40 Ž 6 n Õ D \ … DW 8 G
 }i < ƒ h W i £ x < 2 Ÿ4 k 8£ kÅ 4;U ¯ Q  f
( ( ( 0 0
1 c 0
³}8 D d’DW , , z4c/n( 0/ kž0–0j0 (1^0£0 z¥Æ0¥o(4 Ï* Օ G
p4 l4 1 u ¥D ) k  ` FXcO 6 u +2l ԓ x <² iU‘V“ # i
  x ) aD E f 8
Ñ £u QWm/Dy y X 8W ş ³u K8D ş E ¨8 ş4  WJ
¤i “ +D 8A œBˆ l ` 5 : ) ³Å ) Ÿ&

` 5 D£4  W 6 4W’i¸4  W u
5̀  & 8 a ³x ) i V =8D 8’X
n Wu [8
Ñ œ ÎDW 8U 8‡8a [  `5 : ) 6 jO
5̀ Üa T H’aO X W yO ÜÑ£ a 4 k’ %
Íl a 6 u œ (Active Resistance) U 8 ‡ 8Ñ  8 J(
H86 8 V $¾Å VS¼ 8 p/ DW 8 Ä 'E *œ’ž )
Á ˆ
„ y8 v 8ˆ
J
` 5 D£6 u #
5̀  RF r œS
G ND U‡a Ü H8“ m ¸x ' ihÅ 8u K’ E Á £ Å 4d8× c›y:
 n )  Üx
œ W8Š mÅ PicY8r œ l 8’ a ÜH8 a $ o  ¹*
u #
rV ;’ ’ c H8 ¹ S ¸£ X¼ ) S6 m¥ V N 8 ş ­ n(
0 ( *·04/ ¥* *
¥c8 zÆ0¥z4/8 Ç0›0Ž z4/*t*
*1 40 j0 4c01 p¥Ñ1Ƽe0
0¹–/Ž z4/ Ç¥‚È0 Ä4U1(Ç4Ï1@, *
c W% ] Ü 6 du D’£ xV N 8 œ Wa H8DW 8 ¹Z i i’ E
Á a9 › ¥ [› y4Wi’ E
 Á 4 Í y4 v < 4 Í Y8Z 8 , ,

6 u '  [ œ c ;W
S Ò) ’£ W 
 z œ a ’ a ;Dˆ c ‡ c  8D C W DW / 8 DW 8 ‡ c ; Ä. 8 y4 E )i
Æa S H8 6 jS  [8 [ Å y Ó c [€ Ê8 z / y y6 cH8 yu ¥D Å$48* 0µD£ a 4·* ‰DW 8
: ( Ñ 0( c: ( 0 0 c:
U‡ (pre-mature) ƒh W F 8 ,l 4S8“ ŏV WÅ [ z Z
„8 "v4 m/
40 u ¥ c 1
*0Ï4º0p.2l01¥ z 1 p40 z4 / l.* ·1
Ì
0z 1" z4 / o(
4Ä/( / 4 z }/
. 8 l 4S86 [’id f 3D Ãi <a ” Œ4 k z DW 8  9 8 4’Q o 8¨l ³ + "u  Dii 8M Ô ³ Y8Z 8 , ,
;y°“ V x ' iH’ ;yc ` 5 Y8 TµDŸ;y
5̀ 
y y" D ‰i%Z¨× H£ X W“u E ’ii 8M
( 1^( ( 0 Ï* 10 c0
iAÅ a
x 8D a @i¶8 j[’ i d fl ` 5 D£¿
5̀  z4c/n(  0£0 z¥Æ0¥o(
0/ kž0–0j0 ( 4 p4l4 1
V l 4S8 6 § H E’ i C ¸ œ f 8Š4 Ä ' ) 4   i;y ¸a4 ³u K8D 8DW 8u Ä ‡D [›}
³} 8 D d’DW , ,
23
Í U œ$ † ˆ # =  y9a S ) DW 8 wa R ^ ³ ş ³Ÿ: ) ‘ y ± i i ) ’Si 8W ‡• ³Ÿ ` 5 D£“ – ’ 

i  \ bD  ’ m "  .  4‰’ U ^ V 8 œV 8 y D x¤C œ [’  ) z …“ m§ H ¸ƒh WÑ 8Š6 m Ä 'K C
œ (Active Resistance) U 8 ‡ 8 ¿  ;y l ` 5 : ) 8Š
5̀ Ÿ > 8WDW UµD / 8 X W4DW 8 W 8D W V =8a 4‰’V 8  y ‚°
U œ i ^ c l Á /ŸFF . 8 l : n ) a ÍE S6 +r Z D WVqD S yŏ WÅ : z ) 6 1 <D x Q  l EJ
yj¸X d HD’ DW 8 X  ^ yj¸X d ;’ °£ yÅ k  Á \[n W. L W 8 6 * 9 8 1W CÒ8 œ V 8 4   Y8 8Š ŏ% ] Ü DW 8 Jh 8 W Jw
yj% @D ¸U … œ Hv  ¼D· Ä yj¸ c ;DW [DW 8 «D  Å [’W’x fx6 ÀD HW’Å z œ a ’S }
S 8 y Ä
' M{
8 6Ä' ) a ’£ W  u S8 œ 4 k ¬ E ·6 ‘ u D ) ¸’ ÃW  ' u D 8F – D œ i7- T ; E X W“ ŏ W[ Ì ¸
 DW 8 [’ k 
% Á u€ y y; ^ 8x, ,· k  D œ 8 DW 8 C Ò
l ` 5: )
5̀ DW 8 E
’ i USi ) V ¸  Å / ym R S 8 V W\ - = ‘
V 8 / 8 lh• e œ 8o 2 6 E 8 ´ŸC
Á Å Â œ [D œ 8 S
’ Z ’D 8 t Ò
Ág ºsDW 8È ’ <WW ›S‰J
¤i “± ) a V 8\;  18
 8D C / 8 DW 8 ’ ^ Å a 4 k œ’ DW 8 4W \ / 8 Ÿ4dÂC Ò
\ ³6È  ’ T
¥’SsU ³ 8D  ³¹ [D •  g º= DW 8È %
1 ) W  ¸% 9 8  8a ; ^ 8xH86 +S fŸV 8 a I o % Z D • O Å 8  8D C 6È  ’iUSX\ ³ È y  ’ T
É
[ D 8 ’ V [D’ 4 k œ’ DW 8 4 k N / 8 l 4d [D œ 8“ X× 8 % ¯ ³6È  iÄ , ) [°W C c U Ä[D s ³È 4 a
8“-
S 4   6 E ’Z ’Ÿ4dÂC Ò
i°¶¶8i x < L; œ 4D ³x < [’ ? BSa    ‰ } 8“ mQ o
y x ) ¸8U Š 8Z ’ ƒ
³X W ‘ h W H /6 ±4 E n W’ c [D œ 8 6 ± “Ç’ X W ³ E ) W  9 8XV œ  [ œÅ D C  8 ³6 d
y± i \/ 8ŸÅ  C Ò
/ 8 [D œ 8 X W 6 x ) ¿ T E }  ` c V 8 S‰3 Z ’WQ ¸8 6 jD x ³ F c 4   ¸8“ Q H8
Å 8 a yWiXD ¤ i 8, š£ Å a V 8 y× 4 E n W’ [¨V“ ÍDW 8 " v ’ Z ’  <WW 8 G ¼ 8 c U 8~ 8Š 6 ‘ 8W Å ;~’
Å 8¨šl ` 5 Y8 TµD 6 „
5̀ i [’ ¤ i Å H8 "d4W’ Z ’ Q  y &<  z œ
u a ’ a ´  4DW 8 × & 4 †T TÑ
\Z¨DW 8 ’  ) \ 8D Y“ <iƒ Ó 8’
V aDW 8u E Á
’D 8 t 6 & ) ‡ÅŸa 9 8 1WC Ò8;W Ò) ³Å ] Ü } 8 WS
6 mHD’ œ; ^ 8xV 6 44 E nW’W’a 5 D£ah•

; k 8 ‡ 8 Å 8§8`
“ +V U œ s 8 8Äl ` 5 Y8 TµD V 8DW’ X k E ¿  ;y
5̀ ÒDW 8 HW 8 4   ³x f R h • i k 
>D ¡ 5 Y8 TµD

Á ;y `
6 Q i Z " o  N ~’ “ %  D' [’¯ ’  ) a h• µV jÅ ) iD x « £ ÅO1’ /6 ‘ x ) i V =8 ? 4 kW’
c RyX’ E F Ì l  t1 DW 8 < 8W [¥cU 8 ‡ 8 H8 ` 5: )
5̀ & ‘ x )iD ‰Å a 4Žc|k F )£‘ z’ ) µY N B
³V yjc N Wf’SN ! şl ` 5 D£ y“ +D 8 F 8

8 [œ statesmanship DW 8
'
o(/ M `
5 : ) Å 8 DW 8 u

*
<f«µ;  V qfT 6 ±c a N ~’ / 8 l ` 5 D£
5̀ ‘’  ) tÓ(Á ‹DW 8\‹ yN nŒ**
t
* (
‚‹ D' ’¯ ah • 6 u E Á
’D 8 t
& jc 8D l ` 5 D£e¸a 9 f#
5̀ VM O6 u Ï DW 8 4 ®m cV 8%  ‡• 6 ‘ a FF strategic [ £
 [’ K[D l 7aF c9œ [ n ’  …ˆ E m œ ˆ œ Ç X W “ Å D'4ÈV 8Å U yhy • ¥[ 5 Y8 TµD 6 ‘

Ê , ,l `
¶8 6 ‘ u D X D i ¤ i W
n s. 8 y Ó y Ó S‰ 4  WDW Ó E
Ž D zV 8Ÿh• ¥ [ Ê  Dv e8 S‰°> ) 6 iX" o œ N ~’
( A c t i v e U 8‡8 Ž Ó 8D P h  4‰ 8W O ¿  ;y @i (Joint X " o S 8 œ N ~’ “ V qfT y× w ’ U œ D’ 
¸F • ) œ (Armed Conflict) U’ { ŠW ҍ%  DW 8 Resistance) }iw[’¯ DW 8 V ¬ ³ 8} ‡• } 8“ m Defence Pact)
6 E k
Á l` 5 Y8 TµD®
5̀ Ì FF c ` 5 Y8 TµD Å Z " o H8 6È  iŒ … œ DW )

; ‡- ) £ l ` 5 : ) a iœ T  S
5̀ 8 ,Å D
wW n 6 ÀL ƒ
Å i 8M ; T  8J
@ 6 × ' ) W fW’ V 8 ; 8WD
wW n
; ‡- ) ,ÅD
8XW’ DW 8 (Economic Blockade)[µ “ ½o cO f“ Active l` 5 : ) ¿  l Á /FF . 8 a h •

( I s o l a t i o n o r P o l i t i c a l [µ “ ¶ c ¥t Áf N WfÊ:W } QD k "< / J / J DvResistance
n ) y‘ ' D ‰
: Å  8D 7‡ € ¥t Á 6 m Containment) a;y; 8WD ; ‡- )  8 l : n ) ™ ™ ÅD
wW n6’i
× ’£ x4   s9 8“ E ’Z ’U ÖV E ·Ÿ¥t Á DW 8 E
’ Á IWŸH8 l S f : f ¸’S `
n ) a D H DW 8 x  S 5 D£a D H Å


X W ym #
D i ÅO 8D£ 6 × a’ F [D • ‡ € &D µ: )DW 8
<U ¤ aiœH8 6 × &% E 8XD H DW 8 ; 8W nD H Å a V 8 8Š6 x
Z kPh ~ œ H8Åh•Ïu DW’ pµW’ÅOD
6 m # 
D‰Å Ä
' initiative £ 9 8 6 ŏ f ÔZşŠPic4‰ 8WO

 ;)Q   WD Ÿ4M€ &D µ ¥t
1’ 8 o* Á l: n ) 6u p Z D • Q  l f Ÿ;  H8“ H?8 6 Ä 'Å Pic ` 5 D£X W

V n8 £ +  œ‡ €Z H8DW 8 ± ii v[ S 8’S6 & E ]VW ž > ) @i7“ Q H86 u ÀcRa [ n W……4 
i 8W l < AÅO @i¶8 6 Ä 'zi  X W S ym  D < U ¤ i ii UV 8 uy   q m S ³UV 8 u y  Å D 8 UV 8“ u # i 8  W
n )46 [’ ¨vS
: 8 l : n ) ¸1’ 86 ‘ 'D ‰  iÅ Bˆ‡ € UV 8 Ê x ¾ˆ [D ' 8 c:D =  @i¶8 u y r ’ HD’ œ [’}D’
¥t Á ™ X W ³E 6 Q iZ "ol : n ) Å 4;4  W ± 4  8  W Ê % F œ @i¶8 P h UV 8 l j ³1 €
j iD 8Z 8D 8¢< l4S8 E y±` 5D£9 8‘Œ
5̀ (apologetic)   8S ;DP l o(* Œ((^Z D • H8 6 E
’ i N Wf
25
`5 ®}
5̀ 8 6 W’ fa  ) Ÿ4 œDW 8 Ÿ ` 5 ® " "È v 8 E 8
5̀ ’• c¥t Á P h : n ) Èy  i’• c y: n ) P h ¥t Á s“
6 ¥Di8 ƒ£ j;  X WV 6 d 9œZ D > 8D 8D • ³Ä'¾ H8 6 ŏ ´ƒ h ˆ c ¥t Á Å 4W"o @i4 kW’ V 86È  i
(
u€¦ºc ;‘ 9œ¥W 4 a .&e W’ ¿  X„ 8D u*/ ‚h 6 QiÇT€ …4 kW’ f Xi3l ` 5 Y8 TµD @i

l –H / ;  [×D ‡H8 6 ‘ H°‹u H ‘ y È /‹u H y1 8 a @  8 c > ) 6 × ' V Ž *8  @iW’ a U Ä% Â
6 +¸: 2ŸO ¨/ ;8 l 7Ð Í (Doves) S‰ > 8
Ñ Å x ~DW 8 (Hawks) S‰ > 8
Ñ Ø
S ym AµDW : 8 n ^aO œ (Doves) 4·‰ > 8
Ñ Åx ~V 8 Ñ WDW 8 K£ 6 ‘ ’£ xS‰ @iW’%
> 8
 ¸aO 6 u # <
œ (Hawks) 4·‰ > 8
Ñ WDW 8…“± M
N ÄW 8 ; X8WW’ ϑ y 4 E ~ Ì ~*Ä  8  u DW 8  8 a (Hawks)4·‰
œ V n 8“V ³S 8 6 ±  Ix^ d  Doves V DW 8 Ä
' [D  8 ¨ ÕD &a (Doves)4·‰wT ±D  ’
DW 8 > 8

Ñ Z4
;D µ k 9 8 ym Ä 'zi  X WDW 8 m +  l ` 5 D£œ 7Å €X W
5̀ } ‡• 9 8 J“ m , œ  i†8 UO6 ‘ 4 E Ò¡DW 8
~U 8 [
¨T œ SOS Ÿ¥t Á l V n 8 6 m  D )  8W Å U ¤i 8” 8ŠÅ H8 i†8 W ÒºÏ6 W’ i Õ Íœ 4͍ V 8 DW 8 ` 5 ®DW 8 Wi

<‰›DW 8È i} ‡ €z’ ) ` 5 ®“u Xo “ [’
5̀ H86 mV Ž *8 RM FÌÕD&6 ‘ a K U 8 ‡ 8 @i
„z’ ) S 8ii U Ö œ V n 8 6 x < µ’•  Dv[D à 8Š È y %  H8 DW 8 ® n G’“ m ÍÅ ¥t Á ¿  ;y c ` 5 Y8 TµD l

8Š u y a Z oT k 8D YDW 8 V 8
^ 8D Y)y 8D Y“ jO 8 # C 9 8 y À7 Î ³ÅXV 8 Å X Wa T uV 8 ± Í Å 4   j
œ’ 8Á 8 XD 
l` 5 D£6 Ä
5̀ '… 8W DW 8 S
8 Pi [XW’ 6 iŸ’• 3D à Z i 9c ’ / 8e d ³Å U 8D ) ` 5 ®¸i <h •

((
DW 8 u U … S 8 V [D’ O DW 8 Bˆ £ m t¹&’  1 JS 8  ¤c H8 Å 4 œ‚ DW 8È 4 P h H8 9œÅ H8 6 d
W hc 4·‰O Å 4  W ›DW 8 WiU ’ 4  W“ jc G 8" 8 8D • X W yu V W + 8D • ³ i u l ` 5 ®Ÿ9œ Ï 
5̀ 8 ³6 ¹
}
 4‰ 8WO“ ŏ T T ;Dˆ 8 4  W 6D ' i LÅ f ÔZ [D •  9œÅ u c H8 u y ¾ [D • ¾ c H8 u y Å ½t Á
4½  4 k ¬a´ 7 yÀ™ocV 8%‡ €S 8 "£ ³ E ’ iRK Ÿ ` 5 ®l 4 œ}
5̀ 8 DW 8 y¹ x <  u€ g º
)V ¬6 Ä 'S  S8DW 8 x ) iiD s }X WŸW’ yÄ
'8D k R” S8  D 8  . 8Å VS 4d / 8 "“ H8 d x < X W 7 H
g Ta  g ` c ` 5 D£ii ¸DÒ T k 8 8Š  W 8  4 ÅW 8
5̀ V €V DW 8 "u VŸ " +u Å 8D • "u VŸ¢ 8W Ò) 6 WiX’‰ )
6 m E ’ ˜œ N ! šl a“ x K8D 5 D£ H86 x

` ®DW 8 6 u J "œ u(¼Ÿc8 "u VŸX ½6 u Å aÈ 8 ‹ "u VŸ
X W m d  i  4½  4 k ¬R”£ 6 m >  ym £ 9 8S ’} c V 8 Å 4WD 8 . 8 "6 u #  œ u(¼Ÿc8 "u VŸ ` 5

DÔDW 8 ± } i I : n )“ ­ VS ² 8 6 8  <JXD 8 à œ VS l 4x’ )  ` 5 ®G’ ·‰“ jO 8 #
5̀ C „i E 0 Z 
;_a ; yx/= U 8i {6 ± /` 5 D£“ Ä
5̀ ' [XW’ DW 8 Å T fS 8 yTO ƒ h W i  ÄW’V 6 E
’ D k z’ ) 8D •
XW ‘ “D )% ` 5 D£ V 8 6 ‘ w¤
5̀ i ¸JX ½ 6 m 8D k ŸV ¬´l :”- 9 8¿  ;y 6 Å 9 
4 œ£ y¸Å  SfY’W’DW 8 ¸Å ’ 8 F ^ ‘ y ¸5` 5: )
5̀ ym +/l  8Ÿ ”Y8 qDX E ;_DW 8 ;_™ Å ;y
DW 8 j £ s ° ` 5 : ) X W4 6 ‘ ' D f Å Â T 4  
5̀ 6 m 8U 8 ‡ 8 şŠPicO ¨/ ;8¿;yS
Ç Vœ u y ŏ ¸R “ Å ) an Õ T H8 If cV 8DW 86 ‘ Ž Ó W’

9 [8“ N V <o 2 6 u Ä 'E o*iR H  y× x n Wu [8
U’ {ŠÑ ¾ œ y[
6 × À [’ 4  Á [ Q  H8 6 8  \ U œV œ li
t H8 DW 8 8   Ix^ Ÿ Doves Å XW c ; X8W W’ f Xi3
¥ iœ T E 8Š m Ä '+¿  [D xD ÏU œVqD T TÑ Ü] W@  [8 c ` 5 Y8 TµD®Å D

wW na ´
6 À Äc [ n Wu [8DW 8 Ña ;DˆcO uΜU’ { ŠH8 ! aiW’ · k ¥t
N 5 Y8 TµDV 6 Ä

Á DW 8 ` 'F • ) œU’ { Š
b4
€ n*
–6 Ç4›1h^ nˆ0¨0 ˜/n(
0c48 l¥1 ¨1 ˜/n(
L
0c48 É0 ›0hŽ ɨ %08` n5(
0 F)· k  s W KV 8DW’ H8DW 8 ¥D [D < T E mt Á £j
c [7 Z c V 8  l £ l ` 5 Y8 TµD ¿ O u
5̀ X’D DW 8 ± Z D k D 8’XZ Z  ¥ t Á a D
wW n6 x
Œ  D C 7 yjc Mopping-up operationa @  8 Å Wc x {(°“ Ä 'Q o W8 a X 86 ± /y u {
,;(
;
c 9 [8 9œWD
8  O u 6 u # < E ’i Õ Í[W Ò) œ 4 ³Ä œ yy[n W u [8 § (, , 9 ² [¨ Q  £6 ± / u {
,;(
6 À yÄ ;…Ÿ: ) S y4  DÏ D a ^ H8 a ³V 6 ® B
,* (
n ) Å O ”/  t Á 6 4  D ;… t‘(L¼– y D , 

M n Wu [8
ŸW 9³c y[ Uv E c y:
 RD 0 8 V SD H’DW 8 ŏ N WfŸ[yW’ ´RD 0 8 V SD%  N !
5 Ui 8 f“V ; 

` ›6 u m iV ‡WJ

Ñ c4 ³ W’ 9 8
v,P ÒD # 8 Å Ì V 8DW’ H8 6 ŏ M 
U 8  O u Ÿ [y
´U Ö E Â 
k ş & 8 y% Å 9œ ş ,ÅL X l
wW n6 [  Œ’ m  Á c4 k <Ÿ= {4W a ; 8W n=6 x )
t
¿H86 +¥a8 U œ 8D - T H’6 U  g ºX 8

X
D 8  6 x/¸RD , 8
’DW 8 x @ Wr¸’S ` 5 D£aX 8

# J a 7 8§8 V “ u V ¦ ^ œ – [8 6 E Á A œ Bˆ
k D bD 4 E W’ c H8 ‘ xr :
ˆ n ) ’S£ ³ 8   RD , XQ D 8W œ
J  ` F @icjc [Ò E
Ï yu # Ò
Z F WU œ ¢DW 8 [×6 u hwi pixÅ 4 Ÿ8’ l  x {S 8 6 ,ˆD
8 [ # cRD ,
T jcU ) °6 u Ì8 W 8i  D
\ Ò. 8 U … ¥ S 8 – [8 ³Ä 'fw8 Å Mi´6 tX W ±  8  8’ V 8 ³  H
( (
;
27
i _  D’ DW ²£ u i "8’ œ U ) Å H8 y× l  sW’ Å H8 ³u
« 8
Q n(  n Wu [8 §
XgT… fT œ y[ (
jcF 8
8 [×W@  [8 c ` 5 Y8 TµD®6 u #
5̀ fD  W S

; fTDW 8u Ä '³ m  Ì a E D’ƒ h W > )“V ;  [XW’ ÕW’W T k H
n : n ) aDW œ Å 8§8¹
F 96 jcF 8
8  [8e
“u #  8D T 8µ 8 Ì S 8 ƒ
h W H8 8Š6 u B ) a SÌ a c:n ) l 4S8£ j’£ xn ÕW’ c ;_ƒ
x ` h W H / 6 j ‡c
E dx < +–4 ³œ4£  9 [8 i` 5 Ui 8 faDW’> )
5̀ ZXW’ DW 8 z©W° ³7 H : n )ƒ h W H / 6 j[’ ia  g `
± * V »  W 8 a T uZ¨6 u ;DWgc’ • 8 ´Q  H8 S  v f V =8  t y4 TµD œY8 a“‘ 0 F ¨L qŸ4 k 8[
> )V Ÿ [8 8D • 6 u ;DWgcaS´ ­a L8 }  ™ = 9œl ` 5 : ) ¿ h• …y6 + 8 l `
5̀ 5: )

W ´œ 7u Œ’ ;~’ cV =8 ›¸> ) DW 8u Š ³V Ÿ¥W ¸ =  ³ X W 6 qW ş%   Å 9œS* Z "o Å D'
D
8 Z D • ³× V ¬s“u Ž Ó D’ D»V 6 u V ) t
Ž Á X W Dv ; Ä Œ Ÿ ` 5 : ) E
5̀ · l ¥t Á D W 8 À L X
s 6 u » DW 8 V =8 u y » DW 8 UV 8“ Q H8 6 u ’£ £ x³V =8 l` 5 : ) ³ E
5̀ Á Õ u l ¡V ) t
’D 8 t Á y i (recognize)
›V =8 6 × ± 8D \ :  4 k V ¬“ × Q H8 V ¬ x ~ XM EÒ£ Pi c 9œx  vD V 8 DW 8 ½Ø yÐN y‘%  yz©
  n Õ D y ;W Ò)  y Š ³6 u i 8D ’Sa V  C 8 W 9/ 8 ym +T-UV 8 - ƒ h W H / l 4S8DW 8‘’  )  4WXXc9œ
& u ;DWg$W 8 [D • V =8 f8W V 8 6 *  8WD%  = U 8i {3 RD , x  ¢W &~’ / 8
u & )% Å ! 4 8’ Z 8i 8D ! W –`/2D =Å  < cYVW R&aΏ RD ,x 
 [D¡u )W   7“ WD’ X W  =D Te ` 5 : ) ym #
5̀  ‘%  £ yl V ? j/ º 6 x )
Á Ä ¸> ) 6 mV ) t
t¶ ) 8D • V ) t 5 Y8 TµD

Á 9 [8 t¶ ) œ ` iD x+Q  J© V 8 l ` 5 D£6 E
5̀ ’ i/ŸJ#
6 x < c U xx  l H 9W ;~’ c V ) c8 j 8 N£ £D 8Š6 u 9 [8 ®@iH86 8Q o œRWwW n4¿H86 8“Fœ0xwW nDW 8
. 8 Ÿ4·‰ ;>8 Æ£ u c Ww Z c V ) t ’ 
ÁS Z¨ Exporting of  9 [8 M Ÿa ¥‹… … c ` 5 Y8 TµD

6 #  : 8 œ H8 V 8 B ;—c4·‰;6 u ‹ pPi a‹… … c 5̀ `D£6 Ä
5 ' ¸F • ) œÜRevolution)
 [dSdi p ³Ÿ4W† u ‰Ww“u U‘Ÿ: ) ° Å 9œe ÀÄc9 [8 9œj/ ºWD
 
F • ) œU œ%
8 Ph
c l a Zf o H8ŸWw V ) t Á 8Š6 d4 Ÿ4W† ’  g 8 [D 8’ C V 4 DW 8 +Å RD ,qŽ Ó ’ /8 l ` 5: )

cV ) t Á a D fjH8 - H
 H l a“Y86 u ;DWg 6 u
, È ) ŸU œH8 l "“ Åk  Á
*
Q H86 È 1 < »’i 8W \/ 8Å H8S y¹ m EJ;D DW 8u T 8 Ç2‚ œ V ) t Á V“ m Ä 'E ’ Z ’ ¸9 ”V 6 u [ƒB
 –µ –WD 8 9 8 y‘ ' Z
8 DW 8 C 8 ™ a “ X W“ & “uV ;  [ Å y Ó 6 +T -Ÿ9 ”H8Å ½Sl a
o( 10( o(
4 /l¥1 8 Ç4( 4 l/(e¥8 n{0*
0* n0 5:   u ’ ¤
¨* i D 8 a †8 !Dµ6 dZ  iXD 8 ‰  8 X’i Ix8 Á 8 X
8S S % Â k,,
›1 ( ( ¥e
1 Í 1 1/8Ž ‹40 *(
‹
[D Y ‰ 8W V =8 Z 8 , ,  G  ) € p4 p4ol04 n–0 p4 8 p¸l01¥ p4 † k0p40 Ž p4 ( y yp z D 8™ “ Ž Ó W’ s  X f8
,/ *
6y y D i  Å V 8  y× »’ Z D YÅ a ’ fW 8 [D YDW 8 4 n !y Ó j5 S ]6 E ’ !y Ó m ,  Ñ £ l a Q 8@
œ : ) [D’ 8
[D c : ) ³È  i d X’ Çfa \ / 8 : ) 6 4  D ia D 8™c H8 yu U œY8 yu Ž Ó W’ s  XV 4  6 [’
,/ *
(Passive Resistance)˜ xX WuV ³6 ¹Z ’i< „ ŵ 1 < ) iL % »H8 S‰£ 4 6 d ÄhF “ T TÑ
“ x ) ¸ƒ h W X W“Z iY8 S y× u DD ‰ s ¸8 Å 7Ñ œ X µ /D Ò Q Z D • ` 5 Y8 TµD®£ yx < + ’ m
5̀ "cÆ 8
 U ³ H8V“ x < Kf 
8Å V 8Ÿ g º“ 4 hS‰ l 8 ;D k 8 cT  W’ ş  y  U ³ [ O {8 ´’ m "cA6 × ± EJ
6 dQ o œ´DWD 8’ y¹ÖWD 8’46 × 0 F XoQ [’ ;~’ šl Ç8’ 7e  y Q o œ¨8 u 18 ş  y Q o œ
 9 [8“ × ±  US=D’ H8 8W ; fT ag Te W’ & 8a% H8 y+’ 28 ;~’ cH8 y+WŸ;  cH8 l "DW 8
c’ • 8aZ D  (Armed Conflict)U’ { ŠÜ[W Ò) ˜œ : ) D
8 D

8 X ? 8’ fs“ W’ Z ’% dH8%
DW 8 V ¬PiS 8aDW’` 5 Ui 8 f“Q H86 u ;DWg’8W
5̀  ’ m
"H8 S‰£ £ 6 d œ: )rS È y  ’DWgXDW & 86È k

·   +Ÿ´a lD k V’} c  Á œ  ZDW 8 ‘ y D xPi [XW’ 6 x < 8D #
8  V 8 V ) t
8 D Á 6 x< c Ä , ) c V 8 9 8 1 <  Ç
6 V ¬¸1’ /DW 8 × V ¬¸1’ 1“uV T T ;Dˆ > )Ï6 j cf
DW 8 T k ¥ ¸ 8a X 8D cY86 x < Å f’ cX <Ÿ4 ³8D
RfF 8 k y8 7 0 O y  y\6 V ¬ ³× y4 ¸°V 8[Z D • 6 u Q ¸ 8»j 8W li ›ŸQ ¸6 x < c6
Q Á œƒ h ˆa l k F H /“V ZXW’ 6 × V ¬y Ó P”O W DW 8 Ñ œ (Passive Resistance) ˜x%% H8
³‘ (volunteers) D œ ‡D  1’ 1 6 mÅ D ‘ 8  ’ 8€ Ph Q g º¸8 s "¹ +Ac˜x > ) 6 u # < N Wf¸
¸ 8 6 j> à Š& E,
Ä ) Xf€  ¸1’ /6 D œ ‡DD 8&  S81’ / i Xo¸z’ ) H Ø µ ³a [’  ) ¶.JcO 6 × Xo ş
 D 8  Ph " :1’ 1 DW 8 4 DW 8 D8| y ³ y¿1’ /“ m QÁ + ³4 8 z’ ) D 8&  D H W’ a EWiXD* 4   S y‘ ± ) Ÿ
1’ / ym 4W EÁW’ D œ > Ãc ` 5 Y8 TµD 6 4Z Q
5̀ şŠPic U ³ H8 E Å Pic  g º V 8 ¸8 8Š "u # 
D ‘ 8  ¬k ymDWgQ Á a ’ 8€o 2 6 m D  4W EÁµ 86 da li– fV -8 œV 8 86 ¹ N WfÖWD 8’
29
DW 8 F: WD a ˆ
6 d œ  F£&8 E   ˜ y  
 Á şÅ
6 m Q
¸· k  V 8 a Z D   U ³6 × 4 ¬D  W’ Å U
 .D 
] H8 > ) a´(Social Evolution)7 ‘D 8 m 84 )
J

Ñ
P h U ³ X W ³4 rxa0 8} 8 y4  6 u P  8 ş kV > ) 6 u · < cUS g ºN ! “u ’£ xV N 8 œ; 
i 8W l P h F@ Å ±a F8WDW 8 Ÿ 8 ¶o 26È % 'D 8’ ~W Ž Ó E D [j6 u DW 8 
g ºu y DW 8 Ž Ó E D“u # <
X Wu ;   tS6 u ’£ x.rx4  W“× w ’ p V Z%
%  E ¸8 - ƒ h W H / 6 u Kœ U 8~ ³aSc  g º6   g º y×
 [ œ cV 8 D C 8 È y  iD 8 ¸/ 8D œ 8 S‰ 9 8 6 ‘ odŽ Ó E g º8Š ym j -
D DW 8  5H8 7 ‘D 8 m 8
6 ¥ T 8µ œ  8D œ 8 S8 y×  8DW’ liUS g º N !  4  
¬kcU 8 ‡ 8aDW’ X’£ x U ³Å  8D 8 6  8D œ (Agitation) S < u8 S 8DW 8
z 8~ yÉ8“) 8“V X W 6 u Ï 
1S 8 ; fT  D’
 8D ¥ S ŸU ³Ph ³Å H86 ÎDW 8 P ´ ¥ +8 X 8S y<T

 V WŸR 8 [D œX E 
[D œXDW 8 Z i E< E ³£ C 8 S h ˆa Zf o : )“ Q H8 6 × ' < T
ƒ
% i 8W l C
! aiS
y yN , ,aŸH86 4D xŸ‡’ <’SS‰V 86 x j  8D 8’Ö <a R} 86 d H >8 œ  8a 8 × ’£ xV £
Z%  E< u8 P h ; 8¥ &i )  4ŸYS‰V 6 4 # iÅ ş ³u U ³ 8D 8’V kX} 86 dx ) ie¥D 8’Ö < ş ³u U ³
’ 8Ì 8 ; 8¥ &l s“  i m8W x & 8  g ºS‰V 6  i a F 8i/“u 6D & aSÑ a 4Wj ³V 6 dx ) ¥D 8’V kX
’µ 8D 8` “Z E£% È ): ) y;=8SD’ ÌÅ : ) Q 4Wjq<6 À c 8 < 8 / yjÀ/FF czV 8 l 
v 8¹ œ 4² È y  ’ y  i picketing s9 8 S yW’ i ›
1’ È  8D 8’V kXa 4 Č Ē Z D •  8 6 D 8’X‰' × D 8’Ö < a
 4 · s v C6È ’Ï< zŸU ³[’µH8DW 8È i e D C 8D 8’Ö <DW 8D 8’V kX6 u u€U ³ 8D 8’Ö <DW 8
86 uL i–
} Î €Ä Q 9 [8 ƒ h W H8a T uZ¨ i › [D 8’ V kX DW 8 [D 8’Ö < X W + ³ È 1 ) a D 8 0 8 i
8 E > 8 Ã8 [
"È 1 9 8 P h Ô ³1 9 8¸8 i Ws “ N V < ³6È  D k [ E k’S 4 v  / 8 X W ³ @iH8 "È ’
8 € W’ a V x Ø l 4 iºc qk [D • + "P h HD à 0 86 # Q 
Å 8 u  Ql CŸU ³ ´8
y #

V’ S 8 l ‹f8q TÅ D C  HD à 8 + "c T ' 8 HD à 0 8 ·k  4 kW’ V 8 6 ×iBB K8 m(( •* )
¼( [D y× xD  W’ a
W X Q i [D Ó u  œ V 8 DW 8 "‘ ’ i ›V 8S 8 4WD 8& a V Phz~’ œ 4ND  4 kW’ 6 u P  8 şa Z D  U³
6 u (unequal) [W Ì Œ … > ) ³ " m E ’ i ’ 

³ d Q Á aDŏ V 86 × 0 F C Å F 8

8L 8ŸU ³ H8 s“u
> ) 6 u L ƒÌ ¶iV [¨“ m Íx ' ˆ 8ixW F   ! D k " < şaR [ E 1 ´ yu 
N ·  ¸N ! aiW’ H4 Â
ŸCV 9 8 œ > Ó Ä '9U Ö Å D f =  S6 u ’ E
VX W - ! l`
N 5 D£Q  liu€Ÿ ’ 6 u U 8ZV yu 
5̀ · ¸
U Ö œ ; 8i 8q Ÿ Z 8 8  l 4S8 4 6 À TW B ¶i X W ³ u Ô z  8 U k 86 × 0F l¸P h·ÉDW 8 × 0 F l¸s ³u [l
V  H8 y¹4 Œ’ ³ < Q  9 [8 zV 8 T TÑ6 E 8^ ;W Ÿ P h V 8 ³4C Ò~ W e~} 8 V 8[V ¬B x
( c
6 dU œ V}8 6 x < +Å V  F “Ñ 8 W PW+  8 ³™ 6 u  · <c
l 4S8“u ’£ xT 9 c 4( 8M 8 W  Z D • a g T e W’ W PW+  8Å D CD 8  4 ³  8 : º ,Å V  F
( c
zV 8 aŸ9 [8 m 8 M8S } 86
E ’ i 

9 [8iZ ’  < . 8 HQa ; fT X’£ xS u y
@ <S 
}8N! ³6 u < < + “Ñ 8
Q H8 ym¸9 [8 dS 8 X W ³S ’  Z¨e y 9 [8 4W Fx ¥ N ! aiS P h 4 k 8[V ¬ > ) 6 u 
dS 8 y y9 [8 M Ÿ , ,Ï yH z%   Å 4WXX . 8 X W “ 6 u –d y f
@ › O  U"8D 8’.l o*0a7   6  6 u¦ ^zF fœ9 [8  t ³u ÌS
% < u8 S 8 c @iH8 P h  g º´} 8
"u 9 [8 zV 8 9 [8 m 8M 8 +“‘ * ;  ”  NoxH8 a DW 8 ¹l k ˜œ g º> Ãa N Wf6 ¹x < cºŸc WDÅ 8u
;(
(
;y±c( M ÅXD Ä
' Noxy y[ n Wu [8 § , ,¿ H84DW 8 “ ¹Z ’ 9 8% > Ãi ) a ƒ h WS 8S6 ¹x C 4 · %  E
;
(

u [8 § , ,9 8  M ÅX W 6 4  D bD W   : ) > ) ¦ h œ > Ãz Ä yu > à €ÅŸV 6 0 F i2J

Ñ œ 4 OW s / 8 s
¸8D C a T’: )} 86 × B  ¤ i a A ²Å U y y[
nW a 7     6 x ) Å DW 8 `¸X W × Z W  £ DW 8 yu
6  iDWg® Bœ9 ² H8 ³u 8Ï8 B ş ’bDiV´’ 8  4W }
Á 8 4WD 8& 8 l ? 8 B T Ò a O  8k :
u H y‘ m W\ i 8W lDW 8 m O {8 X W " mb’ + œ V 8 Å 8 ³‘
;DWg )
s 8 cƒ
h W V  ) ² 8 D k Ÿ4·‰ U Ä. 8 S6 4}E W\ u H 4 V ¬
6 x < m8W 9 [8 i“uV ;DWg g[ Å y Ó c> )
y  “u # ) ƒ
= h WS 84 yu &< c]c˜³- XS 8 6 #

u D Z ’  < S‰ 4WD 8& 6 u ‡c  B –a 4 k ¬ > ) Pf 8 ® %
a D f ° 6 × w ’ iZ % I 8 < à / 8
£D
8z6 × u D 8 E 8Ÿ4x/ 8iY
 Å 4x/ 86 ×

J Ñ  4·‰s9 8“± Z  yZ ’ 9 8 1WC Ò8 8 ? ŽY8 yT


·
³X W“ m #
< ÍaZ D  4 z6 1 ’ l ’ [D Å 8 8Ï 8 B
ŸU n\DW 8 ± Z  %
DW 8 W’4 6È 1C 4 ·
Å V ¸  6 u B 8D V <D
8 H8 9 8 y¥u U Äj 8W l l ¶i. 8 x ' i9 ” V P W  l 4S8™ V’3 6 Ä 'wU Ö
31
Y8a V  F cV 8“V4 y y  Ä 'wŸ7 ¢ t( *
 DV , ,N ‘Å a V 8 œ 9 [8 zV 8 S6  i Ik ;’ Ê \ <  4  W l 4·‰ b i <
¿  liÇT ÉE ³ Å  ³s 6 Åk  Á T F 9 ² [WÒ) . 8 l : ) Å MiH8 6 ¹  [ œ `Å H8 6 u V D œ i
6 u V  F [D’ kV cV 8S y× 0 F‹ŸV ) t Á i- œ ;D ?W’0 8 aL  Á 8i < l : ) 6 × 0 F T wÌ & 8 Ph
Ä 6 x ) 9 [8 zV 8 4   “u a ¶8 ¦ c V ¸  T TÑ  4  W Ï yZ XD* H’ ³2 8 Å H8 y E ’ 8 E 8 Å  Ÿ4 k ^
… 8‰ 8 !Dµ°u V ƒ h W H8 ³T T œ V ¸  DW 6 u F 8£ XW c H8 V 8 ³6 T wÌ & 8 l : )“ Ä
" 8 + X<
~ 6 ± K  Á 8 ž‰
H8DW 8u #  Ê x œ N   ´=  “u Ä 'Va N ŸD [W Ò)  @iH86 d ÇTÑ ¸Å 86 d ÇTÑÅ 4 Ki

 S yu  D < X W“ × 'u D1 ’ xZ D 8’ “D y . 8 Jw œ : ) 6 dQ  wTf/9 8S œ 9 [8 zV 8



€ o( ‚/l/X: p4*1(
 0*4* 4‹1 ( * 4(
/“40 o(
l4 1 n;0 0Ç4Ä1(
4 4¡(
0*/*l/0m0*
0 4*1(
4‹1 (
0
p l4 1 k05 Ç4¼0–  E Á × '
k +6 d iD 8 [ n ®LiQ  9 [8 zV 8 6 u ˆL iV S
i 4<  8W ŸV < ŏ c Öc H8 ³ U} ´ "} 84 , , + ³V ) t Á "‘ 0 F  9 [ œÅ D C 8 a 9œ` 5 D£

/@0o( (
(1 40 œ/ (0 0,0®4 4«/*
1
< V ¸  V“4  Dµa @i¶8 y y") a T u / 8 "} 8 ' ) 4(
Ucf8 € t/¹¼e8 ¨/* 4 £0i0 Ç4¼¨`/* šc4 k 8 z o4 m 0  l4 1Ž u
yÕc : ) 6È 4 DW 8 ´ y : ) € : ) 4 6 u  D Y8 šX W ³È Wi [WF cG ¼ 8 c4‰ 8W Ó D a ` F "} 8 , ,
4 8M W“ "Ÿ4Ä V 8  ’ , , N È 4 DW 8 ´l ^D œ : ) ; œÑ8 G ¼ 8 Ph ³a 86 y È y  EJiX 8HÅ  8D
u DÇT KœÓ D Ï  ŸV ¸  ³ E )  UV 8 4   } 8 y y , D C  8 §Y8 G  ) + y4 +iY ¸Å H8 a 6 u
œ V ¸  DW 8 UV 8 a Š   ; fT # x X’£ x, , l a 6 d “Ç’ Ÿ: ) / 8 Q 8`  H ­ "‘ 0 F )D 8 0 8 m/D
a V 8M 8
# x X ’£ x  ±c  M ÅW’ ˏ V 8bu <  y yY 
· za ;DˆH8 PhÅ Ê 8 u 8r  g 8 [D > ) 6 W’ EJ E’

¼ \8 c^ V ¸  +  YœUV 8 aŠ ; fT Z ’ ;~’Ÿ ’ [D iu€Ÿ ’Y8aR S 8 ´´F 8 ´“u
X 8DX 8W c; Ø "u "X 8D şc; ظ8 +DW 8 "u B N Wf G’
’ ; c H8 G’ 4
c H8  UV 8 u V yG’ v )“Q
4‰ 8WS ND B DW 8 p 8ScH8S6 x < E fU ³zV 8 4  “uV G’ [’ 8 F ) c 4   G’ XD H Å Â œ4   DW 8 ; 8W c 4  
6 × u D4 › W1’ /1’ 1 X W 8Šu m8WD œ iqD W  ) -Å -9 8r œY84 ³Q iV s } 8  G’ V k 8 W É8 œ 4  
(
' iD Ç1e © 8 Å H8 yx ' i X’  8 Å [ n W…… l a y¹x ;„ „ c 9 8r ry y  dÅ

¾Å 4 v FFWDÑ DW 8 , , N 6 d
c
³È  iD 8 ŸH8“u E ’bD 9 [8 iX WW  : ) x ‚
Z EŸ[
u 8r 9œp/ xxiY Å y
W 8` Ó DW 86 ¹W
y N
6 H [ œ y . 8 Jh 8W Jw œ: )DW yu V N 8 œ [ œ 5Y8 TµD® œTµD6 m 8V Á 8 8 Ì œY8 V 8“DH86È

`

Вам также может понравиться