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Chapter 14
14-1
N
22
=
= 3.667 in
P
6
Y = 0.331
d=

Table 14-2:

V =
Eq. (14-4b):

(3.667)(1200)
dn
=
= 1152 ft/min
12
12

Kv =

1200 + 1152
= 1.96
1200

Wt =

T
63 025H
63 025(15)
=
=
= 429.7 lbf
d/2
nd/2
1200(3.667/2)

Eq. (14-7):
=
14-2

Kv W t P
1.96(429.7)(6)
=
= 7633 psi = 7.63 kpsi Ans.
FY
2(0.331)

16
= 1.333 in, Y = 0.296
12
(1.333)(700)
V =
= 244.3 ft/min
12
1200 + 244.3
Kv =
= 1.204
1200
d=

Eq. (14-4b):

Wt =

63 025H
63 025(1.5)
=
= 202.6 lbf
nd/2
700(1.333/2)

Eq. (14-7):
=

Kv W t P
1.204(202.6)(12)
=
= 13 185 psi = 13.2 kpsi Ans.
FY
0.75(0.296)

14-3
d = m N = 1.25(18) = 22.5 mm, Y = 0.309
(22.5)(103 )(1800)
= 2.121 m/s
60
6.1 + 2.121
= 1.348
Kv =
6.1
60H
60(0.5)(103 )
Wt =
=
= 235.8 N
dn
(22.5)(103 )(1800)
V =

Eq. (14-6b):

Eq. (14-8):

Kv W t
1.348(235.8)
=
= 68.6 MPa Ans.
FmY
12(1.25)(0.309)

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14-4
d = 5(15) = 75 mm, Y = 0.290
(75)(103 )(200)
= 0.7854 m/s
60
Assume steel and apply Eq. (14-6b):
V =

Eq. (14-8):

Kv =

6.1 + 0.7854
= 1.129
6.1

Wt =

60H
60(5)(103 )
=
= 6366 N
dn
(75)(103 )(200)

Kv W t
1.129(6366)
=
= 82.6 MPa Ans.
FmY
60(5)(0.290)

14-5
d = 1(16) = 16 mm, Y = 0.296
(16)(103 )(400)
V =
= 0.335 m/s
60
Assume steel and apply Eq. (14-6b):
Kv =

6.1 + 0.335
= 1.055
6.1

Wt =

60H
60(0.15)(103 )
=
= 447.6 N
dn
(16)(103 )(400)

F=

Eq. (14-8):

Kv W t
1.055(447.6)
=
= 10.6 mm
mY
150(1)(0.296)

From Table A-17, use F = 11 mm Ans.

14-6
d = 1.5(17) = 25.5 mm, Y = 0.303
V =
Eq. (14-6b):

(25.5)(103 )(400)
= 0.534 m/s
60

Kv =

6.1 + 0.534
= 1.088
6.1

Wt =

60H
60(0.25)(103 )
=
= 468 N
dn
(25.5)(103 )(400)

F=

Kv W t
1.088(468)
=
= 14.9 mm
mY
75(1.5)(0.303)

Eq. (14-8):
Use F = 15 mm Ans.

FIRST PAGES

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Chapter 14

14-7

Eq. (14-4b):

d=

24
= 4.8 in,
5

V =

(4.8)(50)
= 62.83 ft/min
12

Y = 0.337

Kv =

1200 + 62.83
= 1.052
1200

Wt =

63 025H
63 025(6)
=
= 3151 lbf
nd/2
50(4.8/2)

Eq. (14-7):

F=

Kv W t P
1.052(3151)(5)
=
= 2.46 in
Y
20(103 )(0.337)

d=

16
= 3.2 in,
5

V =

(3.2)(600)
= 502.7 ft/min
12

Use F = 2.5 in Ans.

14-8

Eq. (14-4b):

Y = 0.296

Kv =

1200 + 502.7
= 1.419
1200

Wt =

63 025(15)
= 984.8 lbf
600(3.2/2)

F=

Eq. (14-7):

Kv W t P
1.419(984.8)(5)
=
= 2.38 in
Y
10(103 )(0.296)

Use F = 2.5 in Ans.

14-9

Try P = 8 which gives d = 18/8 = 2.25 in and Y = 0.309.

V =
Eq. (14-4b):

Eq. (14-7):

(2.25)(600)
= 353.4 ft/min
12

Kv =

1200 + 353.4
= 1.295
1200

Wt =

63 025(2.5)
= 233.4 lbf
600(2.25/2)

F=

Kv W t P
1.295(233.4)(8)
=
= 0.783 in
Y
10(103 )(0.309)

351

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Using coarse integer pitches from Table 13-2, the following table is formed.
P

Kv

Wt

2
3
4
6
8
10
12
16

9.000
6.000
4.500
3.000
2.250
1.800
1.500
1.125

1413.717
942.478
706.858
471.239
353.429
282.743
235.619
176.715

2.178
1.785
1.589
1.393
1.295
1.236
1.196
1.147

58.356
87.535
116.713
175.069
233.426
291.782
350.139
466.852

0.082
0.152
0.240
0.473
0.782
1.167
1.627
2.773

Other considerations may dictate the selection. Good candidates are P = 8 ( F = 7/8 in)
and P = 10 ( F = 1.25 in). Ans.
14-10 Try m = 2 mm which gives d = 2(18) = 36 mm and Y = 0.309.
V =

(36)(103 )(900)
= 1.696 m/s
60

6.1 + 1.696
= 1.278
6.1
60(1.5)(103 )
Wt =
= 884 N
(36)(103 )(900)
Kv =

Eq. (14-6b):

F=

Eq. (14-8):

1.278(884)
= 24.4 mm
75(2)(0.309)

Using the preferred module sizes from Table 13-2:

m

Kv

Wt

1.00
1.25
1.50
2.00
3.00
4.00
5.00
6.00
8.00
10.00
12.00
16.00
20.00
25.00
32.00
40.00
50.00

18.0
22.5
27.0
36.0
54.0
72.0
90.0
108.0
144.0
180.0
216.0
288.0
360.0
450.0
576.0
720.0
900.0

0.848
1.060
1.272
1.696
2.545
3.393
4.241
5.089
6.786
8.482
10.179
13.572
16.965
21.206
27.143
33.929
42.412

1.139
1.174
1.209
1.278
1.417
1.556
1.695
1.834
2.112
2.391
2.669
3.225
3.781
4.476
5.450
6.562
7.953

1768.388
1414.711
1178.926
884.194
589.463
442.097
353.678
294.731
221.049
176.839
147.366
110.524
88.419
70.736
55.262
44.210
35.368

86.917
57.324
40.987
24.382
12.015
7.422
5.174
3.888
2.519
1.824
1.414
0.961
0.721
0.547
0.406
0.313
0.243

Other design considerations may dictate the size selection. For the present design,
m = 2 mm ( F = 25 mm) is a good selection. Ans.

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353

Chapter 14

14-11
dP =
V =
Eq. (14-4b):

22
= 3.667 in,
6

dG =

60
= 10 in
6

(3.667)(1200)
= 1152 ft/min
12

Kv =

1200 + 1152
= 1.96
1200

Wt =

63 025(15)
= 429.7 lbf
1200(3.667/2)

Table 14-8: C p = 2100 psi [Note: using Eq. (14-13) can result in wide variation in
C p due to wide variation in cast iron properties]
Eq. (14-12):

3.667 sin 20
10 sin 20
= 0.627 in, r2 =
= 1.710 in
2
2



1
Kv W t
1 1/2
+
C = C p
F cos r1 r2

1/2

1
1.96(429.7)
1
= 2100
+
2 cos 20
0.627 1.710

r1 =

Eq. (14-14):

= 65.6(103 ) psi = 65.6 kpsi Ans.

14-12
dP =
V =
Eq. (14-4b):

16
= 1.333 in,
12

Eq. (14-12):

r1 =

Kv =

1200 + 244.3
= 1.204
1200

Wt =

63 025(1.5)
= 202.6 lbf
700(1.333/2)
(see note in Prob. 14-11 solution)

1.333 sin 20
= 0.228 in,
2

Eq. (14-14):

1.202(202.6)
C = 2100
F cos 20

F=

2100
100(103 )

Use F = 0.75 in Ans.

48
= 4 in
12

(1.333)(700)
= 244.3 ft/min
12

C p = 2100 psi

Table 14-8:

dG =

2 

r2 =

4 sin 20
= 0.684 in
2

1
1
+
0.228 0.684

1.202(202.6)
cos 20



1/2

= 100(103 )

1
1
+
0.228 0.684


= 0.668 in

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14-13

24
48
= 4.8 in, dG =
= 9.6 in
5
5
(4.8)(50)
=
= 62.83 ft/min
12
600 + 62.83
=
= 1.105
600
63 025H
=
= 525.2H
50(4.8/2)

= 1960 psi (see note in Prob. 14-11 solution)

dP =
V
Kv

Eq. (14-4a):

Wt
Cp

Table 14-8:
Eq. (14-12):
Eq. (14-14):

4.8 sin 20
= 0.821 in, r2 = 2r1 = 1.642 in
2
1/2


1
1.105(525.2H )
1
3
100(10 ) = 1960
+
2.5 cos 20
0.821 1.642
r1 =

H = 5.77 hp

Ans.

14-14
d P = 4(20) = 80 mm,

dG = 4(32) = 128 mm

(80)(103 )(1000)
= 4.189 m/s
60
3.05 + 4.189
Kv =
= 2.373
3.05
V =

Eq. (14-6a):

60(10)(103 )
= 2387 N
(80)(103 )(1000)

C p = 163 MPa (see note in Prob. 14-11 solution)

Wt =
Table 14-8:
Eq. (14-12):
Eq. (14-14):

80 sin 20
128 sin 20
= 13.68 mm, r2 =
= 21.89 mm
2
2

1/2

1
2.373(2387)
1
= 617 MPa
C = 163
+
50 cos 20
13.68 21.89
r1 =

14-15 The pinion controls the design.

Eq. (6-8):

Y P = 0.303, YG = 0.359
17
30
dP =
= 1.417 in, dG =
= 2.500 in
12
12
d P n
(1.417)(525)
V =
=
= 194.8 ft/min
12
12
1200 + 194.8
= 1.162
Kv =
1200
Se = 0.5(76) = 38 kpsi

Eq. (6-19):

ka = 2.70(76) 0.265 = 0.857

Bending

Eq. (14-4b):

Ans.

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Chapter 14

l=

3Y P
3(0.303)
=
= 0.0379 in
2P
2(12)


= 4(0.1875)(0.0379) = 0.1686 in


= 0.808 0.875(0.1686) = 0.310 in


0.310 0.107
=
= 0.996
0.30
= kd = ke = 1, k f1 = 1.66 (see Ex. 14-2)
0.300
=
= 0.025 in (see Ex. 14-2)
12
rf
0.025
=
=
= 0.148
t
0.1686

Eq. (14-3):

x=

Eq. (b), p. 717:

Eq. (6-25):

de

Eq. (6-20):

kb
kc
rf
r
d

2.25
2.25
=
= 0.1875 in
Pd
12

Approximate D/d = with D/d = 3; from Fig. A-15-6, K t = 1.68.

From Fig. 6-20, with Sut = 76 kpsi and r = 0.025 in, q = 0.62. From Eq. (6-32)
Kf = 1 + 0.62(1.68 1) = 1.42
Miscellaneous-Effects Factor:

Eq. (7-17):

Wear

Eq. (14-13):

Eq. (14-12):


1
= 1.247
k f = k f 1 k f 2 = 1.65
1.323
Se = 0.857(0.996)(1)(1)(1)(1.247)(38 000)
= 40 450 psi
40 770
all =
= 18 120 psi
2.25
FY P all
0.875(0.303)(18 120)
=
Wt =
K v Pd
1.162(12)
= 345 lbf
345(194.8)
= 2.04 hp Ans.
H=
33 000
1 = 2 = 0.292, E 1 = E 2 = 30(106 ) psi

Cp =

1

psi
=
2285



1 0.2922
2
30(106 )

dP
1.417
sin =
sin 20 = 0.242 in
2
2
dG
2.500
sin =
sin 20 = 0.428
r2 =
2
2
1
1
1
1
+ =
+
= 6.469 in1
r1 r2
0.242 0.428
r1 =

355

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From Eq. (6-68),

(SC ) 108 = 0.4H B 10 kpsi

Eq. (14-14):

= [0.4(149) 10](103 ) = 49 600 psi

(SC ) 108
49 600
C, all =
= 33 067 psi
=
n
2.25
 


33 067 2 0.875 cos 20
t
= 22.6 lbf
W =
2285
1.162(6.469)

22.6(194.8)
= 0.133 hp Ans.
33 000
Rating power (pinion controls):
H1 = 2.04 hp
H=

H2 = 0.133 hp
Hall = (min 2.04, 0.133) = 0.133 hp

Ans.

14-16 See Prob. 14-15 solution for equation numbers.

Pinion controls: Y P = 0.322, YG = 0.447
Bending

d P = 20/3 = 6.667 in,

dG = 33.333 in

V = d P n/12 = (6.667)(870)/12 = 1519 ft/min

K v = (1200 + 1519)/1200 = 2.266
Se = 0.5(113) = 56.5 kpsi
ka = 2.70(113) 0.265 = 0.771
l = 2.25/Pd = 2.25/3 = 0.75 in
x = 3(0.322)/[2(3)] = 0.161 in


t = 4(0.75)(0.161) = 0.695 in


de = 0.808 2.5(0.695) = 1.065 in
kb = (1.065/0.30) 0.107 = 0.873
kc = kd = ke = 1
r f = 0.300/3 = 0.100 in
rf
r
0.100
=
=
= 0.144
d
t
0.695
From Table A-15-6, K t = 1.75; Fig. 6-20, q = 0.85; Eq. (6-32), K f = 1.64
k f 2 = 1/1.597, k f = k f 1 k f 2 = 1.66/1.597 = 1.039
Se = 0.771(0.873)(1)(1)(1)(1.039)(56 500) = 39 500 psi
all = Se /n = 39 500/1.5 = 26 330 psi
FY P all
2.5(0.322)(26 330)
=
= 3118 lbf
K v Pd
2.266(3)
H = W t V /33 000 = 3118(1519)/33 000 = 144 hp Ans.

Wt =

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Chapter 14

Wear
Eq. (14-13):
Eq. (14-12):

357

C p = 2285 psi
r1 = (6.667/2) sin 20 = 1.140 in
r2 = (33.333/2) sin 20 = 5.700 in

Eq. (6-68):

SC = [0.4(262) 10](103 ) = 94 800 psi

C, all = SC / n d = 94 800/ 1.5 = 77 404 psi



1
C, all 2 F cos
t
W =
Cp
K v 1/r1 + 1/r2
 



1
77 404 2 2.5 cos 20
=
2300
2.266
1/1.140 + 1/5.700
= 1115 lbf
H=

WtV
1115(1519)
=
= 51.3 hp Ans.
33 000
33 000

For 108 cycles (revolutions of the pinion), the power based on wear is 51.3 hp.
Rating powerpinion controls
H1 = 144 hp
H2 = 51.3 hp
Hrated = min(144, 51.3) = 51.3 hp Ans.
14-17 Given: = 20, n = 1145 rev/min, m = 6 mm, F = 75 mm, N P = 16 milled teeth,
NG = 30T, Sut = 900 MPa, H B = 260, n d = 3, Y P = 0.296, and YG = 0.359.
Pinion bending
d P = m N P = 6(16) = 96 mm

Eq. (14-6b):

dG = 6(30) = 180 mm
d P n
(96)(1145)(103 )(12)
V =
=
= 5.76 m/s
12
(12)(60)
6.1 + 5.76
= 1.944
Kv =
6.1
Se = 0.5(900) = 450 MPa
a = 4.45,

b = 0.265

ka = 4.51(900) 0.265 = 0.744

l = 2.25m = 2.25(6) = 13.5 mm
x = 3Y m/2 = 3(0.296)6/2 = 2.664 mm

t = 4lx = 4(13.5)(2.664) = 12.0 mm

de = 0.808 75(12.0) = 24.23 mm

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kb =

24.23
7.62

0.107

= 0.884

kc = kd = ke = 1
r f = 0.300m = 0.300(6) = 1.8 mm
From Fig. A-15-6 for r/d = r f /t = 1.8/12 = 0.15, K t = 1.68.
Figure 6-20, q = 0.86; Eq. (6-32),
K f = 1 + 0.86(1.68 1) = 1.58
k f 1 = 1.66

(Gerber failure criterion)

k f 2 = 1/K f = 1/1.537 = 0.651

k f = k f 1 k f 2 = 1.66(0.651) = 1.08
Se = 0.744(0.884)(1)(1)(1)(1.08)(450) = 319.6 MPa

Eq. (14-8):

all =

Se
319.6
=
= 245.8 MPa
nd
1.3

Wt =

FY mall
75(0.296)(6)(245.8)
=
= 16 840 N
Kv
1.944

H=

16 840(96/2)(1145)
Tn
=
= 96.9 kW
9.55
9.55(106 )

Ans.

Wear: Pinion and gear

r1 = (96/2) sin 20 = 16.42 mm
Eq. (14-12):
r2 = (180/2) sin 20 = 30.78 mm
Eq. (14-13), with E = 207(103) MPa and = 0.292, gives



1
=
190
Cp =
MPa
2(1 0.2922 )/(207 103 )
Eq. (6-68):

Eq. (14-14):

SC = 6.89[0.4(260) 10] = 647.7 MPa

SC
647.7
C, all = =
= 568 MPa
n
1.3


1
C, all 2 F cos
t
W =
Cp
K v 1/r1 + 1/r2
2 



1
75 cos 20
568
=
191
1.944
1/16.42 + 1/30.78
= 3433 N

W t dP
3433(96)
=
= 164 784 N mm = 164.8 N m
2
2
164.8(1145)
Tn
=
= 19 758.7 W = 19.8 kW Ans.
H=
9.55
9.55
Thus, wear controls the gearset power rating; H = 19.8 kW. Ans.
T =

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359

Chapter 14

14-18 Preliminaries: N P = 17,

NG = 51
dP =

N
17
=
= 2.833 in
Pd
6

51
= 8.500 in
6
V = d P n/12 = (2.833)(1120)/12 = 830.7 ft/min

dG =

K v = (1200 + 830.7)/1200 = 1.692

Eq. (14-4b):

all =

Sy
90 000
=
= 45 000 psi
nd
2

Table 14-2:

Y P = 0.303,

Eq. (14-7):

Wt =

YG = 0.410

FY P all
2(0.303)(45 000)
=
= 2686 lbf
K v Pd
1.692(6)

Wt V
2686(830.7)
=
= 67.6 hp
33 000
33 000
Based on yielding in bending, the power is 67.6 hp.
H=

(a) Pinion fatigue

Bending
Eq. (2-17):

.
Sut = 0.5H B = 0.5(232) = 116 kpsi

Eq. (6-8):

Se = 0.5Sut = 0.5(116) = 58 kpsi

Eq. (6-19):

a = 2.70,

Table 13-1:

l=

b = 0.265,

ka = 2.70(116) 0.265 = 0.766

1.25
2.25
2.25
1
+
=
=
= 0.375 in
Pd
Pd
Pd
6

3(0.303)
3Y P
=
= 0.0758
2Pd
2(6)

Eq. (b), p. 717: t = 4lx = 4(0.375)(0.0758) = 0.337 in

Eq. (14-3):

x=

Eq. (6-25):

de = 0.808 Ft = 0.808 2(0.337) = 0.663 in


0.663 0.107
kb =
= 0.919
Eq. (6-20):
0.30
kc = kd = ke = 1. Assess two components contributing to k f . First, based upon
one-way bending and the Gerber failure criterion, k f 1 = 1.66 (see Ex. 14-2). Second,
due to stress-concentration,


rf =
Fig. A-15-6:

0.300
0.300
=
= 0.050 in (see Ex. 14-2)
Pd
6
rf
r
0.05
=
=
= 0.148
d
t
0.338

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Estimate D/d = by setting D/d = 3, K t = 1.68. From Fig. 6-20, q = 0.86, and
Eq. (6-32)
K f = 1 + 0.86(1.68 1) = 1.58
kf 2 =

1
1
=
= 0.633
Kf
1.58

k f = k f 1 k f 2 = 1.66(0.633) = 1.051
Se = 0.766(0.919)(1)(1)(1)(1.051)(58) = 42.9 kpsi
all =

Se
42.9
=
= 21.5 kpsi
nd
2

Wt =

FY P all
2(0.303)(21 500)
=
= 1283 lbf
K v Pd
1.692(6)

H=

WtV
1283(830.7)
=
= 32.3 hp
33 000
33 000

Ans.

(b) Pinion fatigue

Wear
From Table A-5 for steel:

= 0.292, E = 30(106 ) psi

Eq. (14-13) or Table 14-8:

1/2



1
Cp =
=
2285
psi
2[(1 0.2922 )/30(106 )]
In preparation for Eq. (14-14):
Eq. (14-12):

r1 =

dP
2.833
sin =
sin 20 = 0.485 in
2
2

dG
8.500
sin =
sin 20 = 1.454 in
r2 =
2
2


1
1
1
1
=
+
+
= 2.750 in
r1 r2
0.485 1.454
Eq. (6-68):

(SC ) 108 = 0.4H B 10 kpsi

In terms of gear notation

C = [0.4(232) 10]103 = 82 800 psi
We will introduce the design factor
of n d = 2 and because it is a contact stress apply it
to the load W t by dividing by 2.
c
82 800
C, all = =
= 58 548 psi
2
2

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361

Chapter 14

Solve Eq. (14-14) for W t:


W =
t

Hall =

58 548
2285

2 


2 cos 20
= 265 lbf
1.692(2.750)

265(830.7)
= 6.67 hp
33 000

Ans.

For 108 cycles (turns of pinion), the allowable power is 6.67 hp.
(c) Gear fatigue due to bending and wear
Bending
3(0.4103)
3YG
=
= 0.1026 in
2Pd
2(6)


t = 4(0.375)(0.1026) = 0.392 in


de = 0.808 2(0.392) = 0.715 in


0.715 0.107
= 0.911
kb =
0.30
x=

Eq. (14-3):
Eq. (b), p. 717:
Eq. (6-25):
Eq. (6-20):

kc = kd = ke = 1
rf
r
0.050
=
=
= 0.128
d
t
0.392
Approximate D/d = by setting D/d = 3 for Fig. A-15-6; K t = 1.80. Use K f =
1.80.
kf 2 =

1
= 0.556, k f = 1.66(0.556) = 0.923
1.80

Se = 0.766(0.911)(1)(1)(1)(0.923)(58) = 37.36 kpsi

all =

Se
37.36
=
= 18.68 kpsi
nd
2

Wt =

FYG all
2(0.4103)(18 680)
=
= 1510 lbf
K v Pd
1.692(6)

Hall =

1510(830.7)
= 38.0 hp
33 000

Ans.

The gear is thus stronger than the pinion in bending.

Wear Since the material of the pinion and the gear are the same, and the contact
stresses are the same, the allowable power transmission of both is the same. Thus,
Hall = 6.67 hp for 108 revolutions of each. As yet, we have no way to establish SC for
108 /3 revolutions.

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(d) Pinion bending: H1 = 32.3 hp

Pinion wear: H2 = 6.67 hp
Gear bending: H3 = 38.0 hp
Gear wear: H4 = 6.67 hp
Power rating of the gear set is thus
Hrated = min(32.3, 6.67, 38.0, 6.67) = 6.67 hp

Ans.

14-19 d P = 16/6 = 2.667 in, dG = 48/6 = 8 in

(2.667)(300)
= 209.4 ft/min
12
33 000(5)
Wt =
= 787.8 lbf
209.4
V =

Assuming uniform loading, K o = 1. From Eq. (14-28),

Q v = 6, B = 0.25(12 6) 2/3 = 0.8255
A = 50 + 56(1 0.8255) = 59.77
Eq. (14-27):


Kv =

From Table 14-2,

0.8255

59.77 + 209.4
= 1.196
59.77

N P = 16T, Y P = 0.296
NG = 48T, YG = 0.4056

From Eq. (a), Sec. 14-10 with F = 2 in


0.0535
2 0.296
= 1.088
(K s ) P = 1.192
6

0.0535
2 0.4056
(K s ) G = 1.192
= 1.097
6
From Eq. (14-30) with Cmc = 1
2
0.0375 + 0.0125(2) = 0.0625
10(2.667)
= 1, Cma = 0.093 (Fig. 14-11),
Ce = 1

Cp f =
C pm

K m = 1 + 1[0.0625(1) + 0.093(1)] = 1.156

Assuming constant thickness of the gears K B = 1
m G = NG /N P = 48/16 = 3
With N (pinion) = 108 cycles and N (gear) = 108 /3, Fig. 14-14 provides the relations:
(Y N ) P = 1.3558(108 ) 0.0178 = 0.977
(Y N ) G = 1.3558(108 /3) 0.0178 = 0.996

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363

Chapter 14

J P = 0.27,

Fig. 14-6:

JG =
0.38

From Table 14-10 for R = 0.9, K R = 0.85

KT = C f = 1



3
cos 20 sin 20
= 0.1205
I =
2
3+1


C p = 2300 psi

Eq. (14-23) with m N = 1

Table 14-8:

Strength: Grade 1 steel with H B P = H BG = 200

Fig. 14-2:

(St ) P = (St ) G = 77.3(200) + 12 800 = 28 260 psi

Fig. 14-5:

(Sc ) P = (Sc ) G = 322(200) + 29 100 = 93 500 psi

( Z N ) P = 1.4488(108 ) 0.023 = 0.948

Fig. 14-15:

( Z N ) G = 1.4488(108 /3) 0.023 = 0.973

H B P /H BG = 1

Fig. 14-12:

CH = 1

Pinion tooth bending

Eq. (14-15):


 
Pd K m K B
6 (1.156)(1)
= 787.8(1)(1.196)(1.088)
( ) P = W K o K v K s
F
J
2
0.27
t

= 13 167 psi

Ans.

Factor of safety from Eq. (14-41)



28 260(0.977)/[(1)(0.85)]
St Y N /(K T K R )
=
(S F ) P =
= 2.47 Ans.

13 167
Gear tooth bending


 
6 (1.156)(1)
= 9433 psi Ans.
( ) G = 787.8(1)(1.196)(1.097)
2
0.38

(S F ) G =
Pinion tooth wear
Eq. (14-16):

28 260(0.996)/[(1)(0.85)]
= 3.51 Ans.
9433


K m C f 1/2
(c ) P = C p W K o K v K s
dP F I P

1/2


1
1.156
= 2300 787.8(1)(1.196)(1.088)
2.667(2)
0.1205


= 98 760 psi
Eq. (14-42):

Sc Z N /(K T K R )
(S H ) P =
c

Ans.

93 500(0.948)/[(1)(0.85)]
= 1.06 Ans.
=
98 760


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Gear tooth wear



(K s ) G
(c ) G =
(K s ) P
(S H ) G =

1/2


(c ) P =

1.097
1.088

1/2

(98 760) = 99 170 psi

Ans.

93 500(0.973)(1)/[(1)(0.85)]
= 1.08 Ans.
99 170

The hardness of the pinion and the gear should be increased.

14-20 d P = 2.5(20) = 50 mm,

dG = 2.5(36) = 90 mm

d P n P
(50)(103 )(100)
=
= 0.2618 m/s
60
60
60(120)
= 458.4 N
Wt =
(50)(103 )(100)
V =

K o = 1,

Eq. (14-28):

Q v = 6,

B = 0.25(12 6) 2/3 = 0.8255

A = 50 + 56(1 0.8255) = 59.77

0.8255

59.77 + 200(0.2618)
= 1.099
Kv =
59.77

Eq. (14-27):

Y P = 0.322,

Table 14-2:

YG = 0.3775

Similar to Eq. (a) of Sec. 14-10 but for SI units:

0.0535

1
= 0.8433 m F Y
kb


0.0535
(K s ) P = 0.8433 2.5(18) 0.322
= 1.003 use 1


0.0535
> 1 use 1
(K s ) G = 0.8433 2.5(18) 0.3775
Ks =

18
0.025 = 0.011
10(50)
= 0.247 + 0.0167(0.709) 0.765(104 )(0.7092 ) = 0.259

Cmc = 1,

F = 18/25.4 = 0.709 in,

C pm = 1,

Cma

Cp f =

Ce = 1
K H = 1 + 1[0.011(1) + 0.259(1)] = 1.27
Eq. (14-40):
Fig. 14-14:

K B = 1,

m G = NG /N P = 36/20 = 1.8

(Y N ) P = 1.3558(108 ) 0.0178 = 0.977

(Y N ) G = 1.3558(108 /1.8) 0.0178 = 0.987

Fig. 14-6:
Eq. (14-38):
Sec. 14-15:

(Y J ) P = 0.33,

(Y J ) G = 0.38

Y Z = 0.658 0.0759 ln(1 0.95) = 0.885

Y = Z R = 1

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365

Chapter 14

Eq. (14-23) with m N = 1:

cos 20 sin 20
ZI =
2

Z E = 191 MPa

Table 14-8:

1.8
1.8 + 1


= 0.103

Grade 1 steel, given H B P = H BG = 200

Strength
Fig. 14-2:

( F P ) P = ( F P ) G = 0.533(200) + 88.3 = 194.9 MPa

Fig. 14-5:

( H P ) P = ( H P ) G = 2.22(200) + 200 = 644 MPa

( Z N ) P = 1.4488(108 ) 0.023 = 0.948

Fig. 14-15:

( Z N ) G = 1.4488(108 /1.8) 0.023 = 0.961

H B P /H BG = 1

Fig. 14-12:
Pinion tooth bending

ZW = 1


1 KH KB
( ) P = W K o K v K s
bm t Y J
P



1.27(1)
1
= 43.08 MPa Ans.
= 458.4(1)(1.099)(1)
18(2.5)
0.33




0.977
F P YN
194.9
= 4.99 Ans.
=
Eq. (14-41): (S F ) P =
Y Y Z P
43.08 1(0.885)


Gear tooth bending



1.27(1)
1
= 37.42 MPa Ans.
Eq. (14-15): ( ) G = 458.4(1)(1.099)(1)
18(2.5)
0.38


0.987
194.9
(S F ) G =
= 5.81 Ans.
37.42 1(0.885)
Pinion tooth wear

 
K
Z
H
R
Eq. (14-16): (c ) P = Z E W t K o K v K s
dw1 b Z I
P




1
1.27
= 501.8 MPa Ans.
= 191 458.4(1)(1.099)(1)
50(18) 0.103




H P Z N Z W
644 0.948(1)
= 1.37 Ans.
=
Eq. (14-42): (S H ) P =
c Y Y Z P
501.8 1(0.885)
Gear tooth wear


 1/2
(K s ) G 1/2
1
(c ) G =
(c ) P =
(501.8) = 501.8 MPa
(K s ) P
1


644 0.961(1)
= 1.39 Ans.
(S H ) G =
501.8 1(0.885)


Ans.

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14-21
Pt = Pn cos = 6 cos 30 = 5.196 teeth/in
16
48
= 3.079 in, dG = (3.079) = 9.238 in
5.196
16
(3.079)(300)
= 241.8 ft/min
V =
12

0.8255

241.8
33
000(5)
59.77
+
Wt =
= 1.210
= 682.3 lbf, K v =
241.8
59.77
dP =

From Prob. 14-19:

Y P = 0.296,

YG = 0.4056

(K s ) P = 1.088,
m G = 3,

(K s ) G = 1.097,

(Y N ) P = 0.977,

(St ) P = (St ) G = 28 260 psi,

( Z N ) P = 0.948,

Eq. (13-19):

(Y N ) G = 0.996,

t = tan

tan 20
cos 30

K R = 0.85

C H = 1,

( Z N ) G = 0.973,

The pressure angle is:

KB = 1
(Sc ) P = (Sc ) G = 93 500 psi

C p = 2300 psi


= 22.80

3.079
cos 22.8 = 1.419 in,
2
a = 1/Pn = 1/6 = 0.167 in

(rb ) P =

(rb ) G = 3(rb ) P = 4.258 in

Eq. (14-25):

1/2 
1/2
2
2
3.079
9.238
2
2
Z=
+
+ 0.167 1.419
+ 0.167 4.258
2
2


3.079 9.238
sin 22.8

+
2
2
= 0.9479 + 2.1852 2.3865 = 0.7466
Conditions O.K. for use

p N = pn cos n = cos 20 = 0.4920 in

6
Eq. (14-21):
Eq. (14-23):
Fig. 14-7:

pN
0.492
=
= 0.6937
0.95Z
0.95(0.7466)



3
sin 22.8 cos 22.8
= 0.193
I =
2(0.6937)
3+1

mN =

J P =
0.45,

JG =
0.54

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Chapter 14

Fig. 14-8: Corrections are 0.94 and 0.98

J P = 0.45(0.94) = 0.423, JG = 0.54(0.98) = 0.529
2
0.0375 + 0.0125(2) = 0.0525
Cmc = 1, C p f =
10(3.079)
C pm = 1, Cma = 0.093, Ce = 1
K m = 1 + (1)[0.0525(1) + 0.093(1)] = 1.146
Pinion tooth bending

5.196
( ) P = 682.3(1)(1.21)(1.088)
2
(S F ) P =


1.146(1)
= 6323 psi Ans.
0.423

28 260(0.977)/[1(0.85)]
= 5.14 Ans.
6323

Gear tooth bending

5.196
( ) G = 682.3(1)(1.21)(1.097)
2
(S F ) G =






1.146(1)
= 5097 psi Ans.
0.529

28 260(0.996)/[1(0.85)]
= 6.50 Ans.
5097

Pinion tooth wear


 1/2


1
1.146
(c ) P = 2300 682.3(1)(1.21)(1.088)
= 67 700 psi Ans.
3.078(2) 0.193
(S H ) P =

93 500(0.948)/[(1)(0.85)]
= 1.54 Ans.
67 700

Gear tooth wear

1.097
(c ) G =
1.088
(S H ) G =

1/2

(67 700) = 67 980 psi Ans.

93 500(0.973)/[(1)(0.85)]
= 1.57
67 980

Ans.

14-22 Given: N P = 17T, NG = 51T, R = 0.99 at 108 cycles, H B = 232 through-hardening

Grade 1, core and case, both gears.
YP = 0.303, YG = 0.4103

Table 14-2:
Fig. 14-6:

JP = 0.292, JG = 0.396
dP = N P /P = 17/6 = 2.833 in, dG = 51/6 = 8.5 in

Pinion bending
From Fig. 14-2:
0.99 (St ) 107

= 77.3H B + 12 800
= 77.3(232) + 12 800 = 30 734 psi

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Fig. 14-14:

Y N = 1.6831(108 ) 0.0323 = 0.928

V = d P n/12 = (2.833)(1120/12) = 830.7 ft/min

K T = K R = 1, S F = 2, S H = 2
all =

30 734(0.928)
= 14 261 psi
2(1)(1)

Q v = 5,

B = 0.25(12 5) 2/3 = 0.9148

A = 50 + 56(1 0.9148) = 54.77


0.9148

54.77 + 830.7
= 1.472
Kv =
54.77

0.0535
2 0.303
K s = 1.192
= 1.089
6

use 1

K m = Cm f = 1 + Cmc (C p f C pm + Cma Ce )
Cmc = 1
F
0.0375 + 0.0125F
10d
2
=
0.0375 + 0.0125(2)
10(2.833)

Cp f =

= 0.0581
C pm = 1
Cma = 0.127 + 0.0158(2) 0.093(104 )(22 ) = 0.1586
Ce = 1
K m = 1 + 1[0.0581(1) + 0.1586(1)] = 1.2167
K = 1
Eq. (14-15):

Wt =
=
H=

F J P all
K o K v K s Pd K m K B
2(0.292)(14 261)
= 775 lbf
1(1.472)(1)(6)(1.2167)(1)
WtV
775(830.7)
=
= 19.5 hp
33 000
33 000

Pinion wear
Fig. 14-15:

Z N = 2.466N 0.056 = 2.466(108 ) 0.056 = 0.879

MG = 51/17 = 3
sin 20 cos 20
I =
2

3
3+1


= 1.205,

CH = 1

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Chapter 14
0.99 (Sc ) 107

Fig. 14-5:

= 322H B + 29 100
= 322(232) + 29 100 = 103 804 psi

103 804(0.879)
= 64 519 psi

2(1)(1)


Fd P I
c, all 2
t
W =
Cp
Ko Kv Ks Km C f
2 


2(2.833)(0.1205)
64 519
=
2300
1(1.472)(1)(1.2167)(1)
c, all =

Eq. (14-16):

= 300 lbf
WtV
300(830.7)
H=
=
= 7.55 hp
33 000
33 000
The pinion controls therefore Hrated = 7.55 hp

Ans.

14-23
3Y
2Pd
 



3Y
3.674
2.25
=
t = 4lx = 4
Y
Pd
2Pd
Pd

 


F Y
3.674
Y = 1.5487
de = 0.808 Ft = 0.808 F
Pd
Pd


0.107
 0.0535
1.5487 F Y/Pd
F Y

kb =
= 0.8389
0.30
Pd
l = 2.25/Pd ,

x=

1
Ks =
= 1.192
kb
14-24

 0.0535
F Y
Pd

Ans.

Y P = 0.331, YG = 0.422, J P = 0.345, JG = 0.410, K o = 1.25. The service conditions

are adequately described by K o . Set S F = S H = 1.
d P = 22/4 = 5.500 in
dG = 60/4 = 15.000 in
V =

(5.5)(1145)
= 1649 ft/min
12

Pinion bending
0.99 (St ) 107

= 77.3H B + 12 800 = 77.3(250) + 12 800 = 32 125 psi

Y N = 1.6831[3(109 )]0.0323 = 0.832

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(all ) P =

Eq. (14-17):

32 125(0.832)
= 26 728 psi
1(1)(1)

B = 0.25(12 6)2/3 = 0.8255

A = 50 + 56(1 0.8255) = 59.77

0.8255

59.77 + 1649
= 1.534
Kv =
59.77
K s = 1,

Cm = 1

F
0.0375 + 0.0125F
10d

Cmc =

3.25
0.0375 + 0.0125(3.25) = 0.0622
10(5.5)

Cma = 0.127 + 0.0158(3.25) 0.093(104 )(3.252 ) = 0.178

Ce = 1
K m = Cm f = 1 + (1)[0.0622(1) + 0.178(1)] = 1.240
K B = 1, K T = 1
W1t =

Eq. (14-15):

26 728(3.25)(0.345)
= 3151 lbf
1.25(1.534)(1)(4)(1.240)

3151(1649)
= 157.5 hp
33 000
By similar reasoning, W2t = 3861 lbf and H2 = 192.9 hp
H1 =

Gear bending
Pinion wear

m G = 60/22 = 2.727
cos 20 sin 20
I =
2
0.99 (Sc ) 107

2.727
1 + 2.727


= 0.1176

= 322(250) + 29 100 = 109 600 psi

( Z N ) P = 2.466[3(109 )]0.056 = 0.727

( Z N ) G = 2.466[3(109 )/2.727]0.056 = 0.769
109 600(0.727)
= 79 679 psi
1(1)(1)


Fd P I
c, all 2
t
W3 =
Cp
Ko Kv Ks Km C f
2 


3.25(5.5)(0.1176)
79 679
= 1061 lbf
=
2300
1.25(1.534)(1)(1.24)(1)

(c, all ) P =

H3 =

1061(1649)
= 53.0 hp
33 000

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Chapter 14

Gear wear
W4t = 1182 lbf,

Similarly,
Rating

H4 = 59.0 hp

Hrated = min( H1 , H2 , H3 , H4 )
= min(157.5, 192.9, 53, 59) = 53 hp Ans.
Note differing capacities. Can these be equalized?
14-25

From Prob. 14-24:

W1t = 3151 lbf,

W2t = 3861 lbf,

W3t = 1061 lbf,

W4t = 1182 lbf

Wt =

33 000K o H
33 000(1.25)(40)
=
= 1000 lbf
V
1649

Pinion bending: The factor of safety, based on load and stress, is

(S F ) P =

W1t
3151
=
= 3.15
1000
1000

Gear bending based on load and stress

W2t
3861
(S F ) G =
=
= 3.86
1000
1000
Pinion wear
based on load:
based on stress:

W3t
1061
=
= 1.06
1000
1000

(S H ) P = 1.06 = 1.03

n3 =

Gear wear
based on load:
based on stress:

W4t
1182
=
= 1.18
1000
1000

(S H ) G = 1.18 = 1.09

n4 =

Factors of safety are used to assess the relative threat of loss of function 3.15, 3.86, 1.06,
1.18 where the threat is from pinion wear. By comparison, the AGMA safety factors
(S F ) P , (S F ) G , (S H ) P , (S H ) G
are
3.15, 3.86, 1.03, 1.09 or 3.15, 3.86, 1.061/2, 1.181/2
and the threat is again from pinion wear. Depending on the magnitude of the numbers,
using S F and S H as defined by AGMA, does not necessarily lead to the same conclusion
concerning threat. Therefore be cautious.

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Solution summary from Prob. 14-24: n = 1145 rev/min, K o = 1.25, Grade 1 materials,
N P = 22T, NG = 60T, m G = 2.727, Y P = 0.331, YG = 0.422, J P = 0.345,
JG = 0.410, Pd = 4T /in, F = 3.25 in, Q v = 6, ( Nc ) P = 3(109 ), R = 0.99
Pinion H B : 250 core, 390 case
Gear H B : 250 core, 390 case
K m = 1.240, K T = 1, K B = 1, d P = 5.500 in, dG = 15.000 in,
V = 1649 ft/min, K v = 1.534, (K s ) P = (K s ) G = 1, (Y N ) P = 0.832,
(Y N ) G = 0.859, K R = 1
Bending
(all ) P = 26 728 psi

(St ) P = 32 125 psi

(all ) G = 27 546 psi

(St ) G = 32 125 psi

W1t = 3151 lbf,

H1 = 157.5 hp

W2t = 3861 lbf,

H2 = 192.9 hp

Wear
= 20 ,
( Z N ) G = 0.769,

I = 0.1176,

( Z N ) P = 0.727,


C P = 2300 psi

(Sc ) P = Sc = 322(390) + 29 100 = 154 680 psi

(c, all ) P =

154 680(0.727)
= 112 450 psi
1(1)(1)

154 680(0.769)
= 118 950 psi
1(1)(1)


112 450 2
t
(1061) = 2113 lbf,
W3 =
79 679
2

118 950
t
(1182) = 2354 lbf,
W4 =
109 600(0.769)

(c, all ) G =

H3 =

2113(1649)
= 105.6 hp
33 000

H4 =

2354(1649)
= 117.6 hp
33 000

Rated power
Hrated = min(157.5, 192.9, 105.6, 117.6) = 105.6 hp
Prob. 14-24

Ans.

Hrated = min(157.5, 192.9, 53.0, 59.0) = 53 hp

The rated power approximately doubled.

14-27

The gear and the pinion are 9310 grade 1, carburized and case-hardened to obtain Brinell
285 core and Brinell 580600 case.
Table 14-3:
0.99 (St ) 107

= 55 000 psi

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Modification of St by (Y N ) P = 0.832 produces

(all ) P = 45 657 psi,
Similarly for (Y N ) G = 0.859
(all ) G = 47 161 psi,
W1t = 4569 lbf,

and
H1 = 228 hp

W2t = 5668 lbf,

H2 = 283 hp


From Table 14-8, Cp = 2300 psi. Also, from Table 14-6:
0.99 (Sc ) 107

= 180 000 psi

Modification of Sc by (Y N ) produces
(c, all ) P = 130 525 psi
(c, all ) G = 138 069 psi
and
W3t = 2489 lbf,

H3 = 124.3 hp

W4t = 2767 lbf,

H4 = 138.2 hp

Rating
Hrated = min(228, 283, 124, 138) = 124 hp
14-28

Ans.

Grade 2 9310 carburized and case-hardened to 285 core and 580 case in Prob. 14-27.
Summary:
Table 14-3:

0.99 (St ) 107

= 65 000 psi

(all ) P = 53 959 psi

(all ) G = 55 736 psi
and it follows that
W1t = 5399.5 lbf,

H1 = 270 hp

H2 = 335 hp
W2 = 6699 lbf,


From Table 14-8, C p = 2300 psi. Also, from Table 14-6:
t

Sc = 225 000 psi

(c, all ) P = 181 285 psi
(c, all ) G = 191 762 psi
Consequently,
W3t = 4801 lbf,

H3 = 240 hp

W4t = 5337 lbf,

H4 = 267 hp

Rating
Hrated = min(270, 335, 240, 267) = 240 hp.

Ans.

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14-29

n = 1145 rev/min, K o = 1.25, N P = 22T, NG = 60T, m G = 2.727, d P = 2.75 in,

dG = 7.5 in, Y P = 0.331, YG = 0.422, J P = 0.335, JG = 0.405 , P = 8T /in,
F = 1.625 in, H B = 250, case and core, both gears. Cm = 1, F/d P = 0.0591,
C pm = 1,
Cma = 0.152,
Ce = 1,
K m = 1.1942,
K T = 1,
C f = 0.0419,
K = 1, K s = 1, V = 824 ft/min, (Y N ) P = 0.8318, (Y N ) G = 0.859, K R = 1,
I = 0.117 58
0.99 (St ) 107 = 32 125 psi
(all ) P = 26 668 psi
(all ) G = 27 546 psi
and it follows that
W1t = 879.3 lbf,

H1 = 21.97 hp

W2 = 1098 lbf,

H2 = 27.4 hp

W3t = 304 lbf,

H3 = 7.59 hp

W4t = 340 lbf,

H4 = 8.50 hp

For wear

Rating
Hrated = min(21.97, 27.4, 7.59, 8.50) = 7.59 hp
In Prob. 14-24, Hrated = 53 hp
Thus
7.59
1
1
= 0.1432 =
, not
Ans.
53.0
6.98
8
The transmitted load rating is
t
= min(879.3, 1098, 304, 340) = 304 lbf
Wrated
In Prob. 14-24
t
Wrated
= 1061 lbf

Thus
304
1
= 0.2865 =
,
1061
3.49
14-30

S P = S H = 1,
Bending
Table 14-4:

Pd = 4,

0.99 (St ) 107

J P = 0.345,

1
not ,
4

JG = 0.410,

Ans.
K o = 1.25

= 13 000 psi

13 000(1)
= 13 000 psi
1(1)(1)
all F J P
13 000(3.25)(0.345)
W1t =
=
= 1533 lbf
K o K v K s Pd K m K B
1.25(1.534)(1)(4)(1.24)(1)

(all ) P = (all ) G =

1533(1649)
= 76.6 hp
33 000
W2t = W1t JG /J P = 1533(0.410)/0.345 = 1822 lbf
H2 = H1 JG /J P = 76.6(0.410)/0.345 = 91.0 hp
H1 =

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Wear
Table 14-8:
Table 14-7:

C p = 1960 psi
= 75 000 psi = (c, all ) P = (c, all ) G


FdpI
(c, all ) P 2
t
W3 =
Cp
Ko Kv Ks Km C f
2

3.25(5.5)(0.1176)
75 000
W3t =
= 1295 lbf
1960
1.25(1.534)(1)(1.24)(1)

0.99 (Sc ) 107

W4t = W3t = 1295 lbf

H4 = H3 =

1295(1649)
= 64.7 hp
33 000

Rating
Hrated = min(76.7, 94.4, 64.7, 64.7) = 64.7 hp

Ans.

Notice that the balance between bending and wear power is improved due to CIs more
favorable Sc /St ratio. Also note that the life is 107 pinion revolutions which is (1/300) of
3(109). Longer life goals require power derating.
14-31

From Table A-24a, E av = 11.8(106 )

For = 14.5 and H B = 156

1.4(81)
= 51 693 psi
2 sin 14.5/[11.8(106 )]

SC =
For = 20


SC =

1.4(112)
= 52 008 psi
2 sin 20/[11.8(106 )]

SC = 0.32(156) = 49.9 kpsi

14-32

Programs will vary.

14-33
(Y N ) P = 0.977,

(Y N ) G = 0.996

(St ) P = (St ) G = 82.3(250) + 12 150 = 32 725 psi

(all ) P =

32 725(0.977)
= 37 615 psi
1(0.85)

W1t =

37 615(1.5)(0.423)
= 1558 lbf
1(1.404)(1.043)(8.66)(1.208)(1)

H1 =

1558(925)
= 43.7 hp
33 000

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32 725(0.996)
= 38 346 psi
1(0.85)
38 346(1.5)(0.5346)
W2t =
= 2007 lbf
1(1.404)(1.043)(8.66)(1.208)(1)
2007(925)
H2 =
= 56.3 hp
33 000
( Z N ) P = 0.948, ( Z N ) G = 0.973
(all ) G =

Table 14-6:

0.99 (Sc ) 107

(c, allow ) P
W3t
H3
(c, allow ) G
W4t

= 150 000 psi



0.948(1)
= 167 294 psi
= 150 000
1(0.85)
 


167 294 2 1.963(1.5)(0.195)
= 2074 lbf
=
2300
1(1.404)(1.043)
2074(925)
=
= 58.1 hp
33 000
0.973
=
(167 294) = 171 706 psi
0.948
 


171 706 2 1.963(1.5)(0.195)
= 2167 lbf
=
2300
1(1.404)(1.052)
2167(925)
= 60.7 hp
33 000
= min(43.7, 56.3, 58.1, 60.7) = 43.7 hp

H4 =
Hrated

Ans.

Pinion bending controlling

14-34

(Y N ) P = 1.6831(108 ) 0.0323 = 0.928

(Y N )G = 1.6831(108 /3.059)0.0323 = 0.962
Table 14-3:

St = 55 000 psi
(all ) P =

55 000(0.928)
= 60 047 psi
1(0.85)

W1t =

60 047(1.5)(0.423)
= 2487 lbf
1(1.404)(1.043)(8.66)(1.208)(1)

H1 =

2487(925)
= 69.7 hp
33 000

0.962
(60 047) = 62 247 psi
0.928


62 247 0.5346
t
(2487) = 3258 lbf
W2 =
60 047 0.423

(all ) G =

H2 =

3258
(69.7) = 91.3 hp
2487

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Chapter 14

Sc = 180 000 psi

Table 14-6:

(Z N ) P = 2.466(108 )0.056 = 0.8790

(Z N )G = 2.466(108 /3.059)0.056 = 0.9358
180 000(0.8790)
= 186 141 psi
1(0.85)
 


186 141 2 1.963(1.5)(0.195)
t
= 2568 lbf
W3 =
2300
1(1.404)(1.043)

(c, all ) P =

2568(925)
= 72.0 hp
33 000

H3 =

0.9358
(186 141) = 198 169 psi
0.8790
 


198 169 2 1.043
t
(2568) = 2886 lbf
W4 =
186 141
1.052

(c, all ) G =

H4 =

2886(925)
= 80.9 hp
33 000

Hrated = min(69.7, 91.3, 72, 80.9) = 69.7 hp

Ans.

Pinion bending controlling

14-35

(Y N ) P = 0.928,
Table 14-3:

(Y N ) G = 0.962

(See Prob. 14-34)

St = 65 000 psi
(all ) P =

65 000(0.928)
= 70 965 psi
1(0.85)

W1t =

70 965(1.5)(0.423)
= 2939 lbf
1(1.404)(1.043)(8.66)(1.208)

H1 =

2939(925)
= 82.4 hp
33 000

65 000(0.962)
= 73 565 psi
1(0.85)


73 565 0.5346
t
(2939) = 3850 lbf
W2 =
70 965 0.423

(all ) G =

H2 =

3850
(82.4) = 108 hp
2939

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Table 14-6:

Sc = 225 000 psi

( Z N ) P = 0.8790,

( Z N ) G = 0.9358

225 000(0.879)
= 232 676 psi
1(0.85)
 


232 676 2 1.963(1.5)(0.195)
t
= 4013 lbf
W3 =
2300
1(1.404)(1.043)

(c, all ) P =

H3 =

4013(925)
= 112.5 hp
33 000

0.9358
(232 676) = 247 711 psi
0.8790
 


247 711 2 1.043
t
(4013) = 4509 lbf
W4 =
232 676
1.052

(c, all ) G =

H4 =

4509(925)
= 126 hp
33 000

Hrated = min(82.4, 108, 112.5, 126) = 82.4 hp

The bending of the pinion is the controlling factor.

Ans.