1.

It is desired to carry out a study among the youth population of a certain locality, to
determine the proportion of young people who would be in favor of a new recreation area.
The number of young people in said population is 3500. Determine the necessary sample size
to estimate the proportion of students who are in favor, with an estimation error of 0.07 and
a confidence level of 98%.

N=3500 young people

E=0.07

Z=98%

P=50% (Assumed)

Z 2 P ( 1−P ) N
n=
E 2 ( N −1 )+ Z 2 P (1−P)

2.322∗0.5∗( 1−0.5 )∗3500

n=
0.072∗( 3500−1 ) +2.322∗0.5 (1−0.5)
n= 254.7010118600161

The necessary sample size is 255 young people

2. A survey is desired to determine the proportion of families that lack the economic means
to address health problems. There is the impression that this proportion is close to 0.61. It is
desired to use an estimation error of 0.04 and a confidence level of 95%. What size should
the sample be for the study?

E=0.04

Z=95%

P=0.61
2
Z P ( 1−P )
n=
E2
2
1.96 ∗0.61∗( 1−0.61 )
n=
0.042
n= 571.1979

The necessary sample size is 272 families

3. A market research agency selects 900 families through sampling and calculates that the
estimated proportion that uses a certain type of detergent is 0.35. What is the estimated
standard error? Yes, a 95% confidence level has been used.

n=900 families

P=0.35

Z=95%
 2
Z P ( 1−P )
n=
E2
2
1.96 ∗0.61∗( 1−0.61 )
900=
E2
E = 0.032

The estimated standard error is 0.032

4. We want to know the average monthly expenditure on copies made by the 6000 UCV
students and it is decided to select a sample knowing that in the professional school of
administration a standard deviation of 7.5 soles was recorded and a confidence level of 7.5
soles is used. 95% with an error of 2 soles

N= 6000 students

S=7.5 soles

Z=95%

E=2 soles
2 2
Z S N
n= 2 2 2
E ( N −1 )+ Z S
2 2
1.96 ∗7.5 ∗6000
n= 2 2 2
2 ∗( 6000−1 )+1.96 ¿ 7.5
n=54.0225

The sample must be 55 students

5. In a study carried out at the Barrick mining company, it was found that the average
overtime per worker is 3.3 hours with a variance of 4.18 hours2. Yes, this year it has 120
workers, who record their overtime hours on control cards. Determine the sample size
necessary to estimate the average daily overtime hours with an error of 20% of the average
and a confidence level of 95%.
2
S = 4.18
N=120

E=20%

Z=95%
2 2
Z S N
n= 2 2 2
E ( N −1 )+ Z S
2
1.96 ∗4.18∗120
n= 2 2
0.2 ∗( 120−1 )+1.96 ∗4.18
2867480
n=
30979
n=92.56205816843668291423222182769

The sample size must be 93 workers

6. We wish to estimate the proportion of young people in the city of Trujillo who use the
Internet for at least one hour a day with 95% confidence. From previous studies it is known
that P=0.70 and E=5% is desired. Assuming that N=1500. What should be the sample size?

Z=95%

P=0.70

E=5%

N=1500

Z 2 P ( 1−P ) N
n= 2
E ( N −1 )+ Z 2 P (1−P)
2
1.96 ∗0.7∗(1−0.7 )∗1500
n=
0.05 ∗( 1500−1 )+ 1.962∗0.7 ( 1−0.7 )
2

302526000
n=
1138559
n=265.70955040538083665405130520245

The sample size must be 266 young people

7. We wish to estimate the proportion of the population that agrees with the current
management of the Congress of the Republic, with a maximum error of +-0.5% and with a
confidence of 95%. From similar studies, it is believed that the proportion will be close to 1%.
What will be the sample size required?

E=0.5%

Z=95%

P=1%
2
Z P ( 1−P )
n=
E2
2
1.96 ∗0.01∗( 1−0.01 )
n=
5− 4
n=23.7699

The required sample size is 24

8. The director of the Department of Environment of the city of Trujillo wishes to obtain a
sample of the records of the number of non-compliance cases reported during the previous
year. To estimate the average number of non-compliance cases, a sample with a certainty of
95 is desired. %, with an error of 5%. Based on previous studies, it is known that this average
is 25 and the standard deviation is 5. What size should the sample be?

Z=95%

E=5%

S=5
2 2
Z S
n= 2
E
2 2
1.96 ∗5
n= 2
0.05
n=38416
The sample size must be 38,416 non-compliance cases.

9. The administrator of the “El Romano” Restaurant wants to know what proportion of his
Clients-Tourists are dissatisfied with the attention received during their stay in Trujillo. What
size should the sample be if E=0.05, 95% confidence level, and no other information is
available?

E=0.05

Z=95%

P= 50% (assumed)
2
Z P ( 1−P )
n=
E2
2
1.96 ∗0.5∗( 1−0.5 )
n=
0.052

n=384.16
The sample size must be 385 Clients-Tourists

10. To obtain a sample of students from a school to administer a survey, the first thing to do
is to list all the students. A list of enrolled students is obtained and a number is assigned to
each one in alphabetical and ascending order. Assuming that the total number of students is
700, the numbers 001, 002, 003,…, 700 are used. The sample size is determined, in this case
it is size 75. Next, a table of random numbers is used to form three-digit numbers, accepting
as the unit of analysis the sample all those that are between 001 and 700.

N=700 students

n=75

P=50%

Z=95%

E=?
 Z 2 P ( 1−P ) N
n=
E 2 ( N −1 )+ Z 2 P (1−P)
2
1.96 ∗0.5∗(1−0.5 )∗700
75=
E ∗( 700−1 )+1.96 2∗0.5 ( 1−0.5 )
2

E=0.10700322440655702035067368252186

11. A representative of the Ministry of Education wants to do a study of social skills on the
students of the Antonio Raimondi school, for that he learned that the school houses 1800
students distributed from 1st to 6th grade, he needs to take a sample of each stratum, which
is distributed as follows: 1st grade: 400 students, 2nd grade: 380, 3rd grade: 320, 4th grade:
295, 5th grade: 250 and 6th grade: 155 students. Find a sample for each stratum using a
maximum error of 5%

N=1800 students

E=5%

P=50%

Z=95%
2
Z P ( 1−P ) N
n=
E ( N −1 )+ Z 2 P (1−P)
2

2
1.96 ∗0.5∗( 1−0.5 )∗1800
n=
0.052∗( 1800−1 )+ 1.962∗0.5 ( 1−0.5 )

n= 316.73720661792997306656406310119
The sample must be 317 students

The sample by strata is as follows:

1st grade: 400*317/1800 =70.4444444444444 = 71

2nd grade: 380*317/1800 =66.9222222222222 = 67

3rd grade: 320*317/1800 =56.3555555555556 = 56

4th grade: 295*317/1800 =51.9527777777778 = 52

5th grade: 250*317/1800 =44.0277777777778 = 44

6th grade: 155*317/1800 =27.2972222222222 = 27

12. The Regional Health Directorate DIRESA-Trujillo is conducting an investigation about the
weight behavior of children in the city of Trujillo and to see if it presents a health plan to
improve this latent factor of low weight. Since the variance is not known, a pilot sample of
20 children is obtained whose weights are:

14.8, 14.2, 15.3, 15.4, 15.0, 15.2, 15.3, 14.2, 15.2, 15.5, 15.6, 16.4, 14.8, 15.1, 15.8, 16.1, 14.5,
15.3, 14.9, 15.9
Determine the appropriate sample size with 95% confidence and a tolerable error of 1%
from the average.
❑
∑ Xi
μ= ❑
n
μ =
(14.8+14.2+15.3+15.4 +15.0+15.2+15.3+14.2+15.2+15.5+15.6+ 16.4+14.8+15.1+15.8+ 16.1+ 14.5+ 15
μ = 15.225
❑

2
S =
∑
❑
( Xi−μ)
2

n−1
2
S =
2 2 2 2 2 2
( ( 15.225−14.8 ) + ( 15.225−14.2 ) + ( 15.225−15.3 ) + ( 15.225−15.4 ) + ( 15.225−15 ) + ( 15.225−15.2 ) + ( 15.2
2
S = 0.3346052631579
Z=95%

E=1%
2 2
Z S
n= 2
E
2 2
1.96 ∗0.33
n= 2
0.01
n=4183.5024000000003
The sample must be 4184 children

13. A quantity often of interest to a clinic is the percentage of patients delayed for
vaccination. Some clinics examine each record to determine the percentage; However, in a
large clinic, conducting a census of the records can be time-consuming. Cullen (1994)
sampled the 580 children served by a family clinic in Auckland to estimate the proportion of
interest. What sample size would be needed with a simple random sample to estimate the
proportion with 95% confidence and a margin of error of 0.10?

N=580

Z=95%

E=0.10

P=50%
2
Z P ( 1−P ) N
n=
E ( N −1 )+ Z 2 P (1−P)
2

2
1.96 ∗0.5∗( 1−0.5 )∗580
n=
0.1 ∗( 580−1 )+1.96 2∗0.5 ( 1−0.5 )
2
n=82.5183692818203
The sample would be 83 children

14. In a study, we want to determine the proportion of children in a region who eat
incaparina at breakfast. If we know that there are 1500 children and we want to have a
precision of 10%, with a significance level of 5%. What size should the sample be?

N=1500

E=10%

Z=95%

P=50%

Z 2 P ( 1−P ) N
n=
E 2 ( N −1 )+ Z 2 P (1−P)
2
1.96 ∗0.5∗( 1−0.5 )∗150 0
n= 2
0.1 ∗( 150 0−1 )+1.96 2∗0.5 ( 1−0.5 )
n=90.3174842010232
The sample must be 91 children

15. A farm has 2,000 cows. They are of different races: 853 from A, 512 from B, 321 from C,
204 from D and 110 from E. We want to extract a sample of 120:

a) How many of each breed must be chosen so that the sampling is stratified with
proportional distribution?

We call n1 the number of cows that we must choose from breed A, n2 from breed B, n3 from
C, n4 from D and n5 from E.

It must be fulfilled that:

n1= 853/2000*120

n2=512/2000*120

n3=321/2000*120

n4=204/2000*120

n5=110/2000*120

Thus, we obtain:

n1 = 51.18

n2 = 30.72

n3 = 19.26

n4 = 12.24

n5 = 6.6
The integer part of these numbers is added:

51 + 30 + 19 + 12 + 6 = 118. There are 2 left to reach 120.

b) What should the election be like within each stratum?

Therefore, we must choose:

51 cows of breed A, 31 cows of B, 19 of C, 12 of D and 7 of E

16. A manufacturer of elastics wants to study its resistance to breakage. To do this, stretch
them until they break and note the degree of stretch they reach without breaking.

Can you perform this stretch on the population or is it essential to perform it on the sample?
Because?

It is essential to do it on a sample, because it is important to break as little elastic as possible.

17. In a certain province there are four regions, C1, C2, C3 and C4, with a total of 1,500,000
registered people. Of them, 300,000 reside in C1, 450,000 in C2 and 550,000 in C3. We want
to carry out a study on eating habits in that province based on a sample of 3,000 people.

a) What type of sampling should we carry out if we want all the regions to be represented in
the resulting sample?

A stratified random sampling is carried out

b) What number of people would have to be selected in each region, taking into account
proportionality reasons?

We calculate the number of people residing in C4 is:

1500000 – (300000 + 450000 + 550000) = 200000

We call n1, n2, n3 and n4 the number of people that we would have to select in each region
(C1, C2, C3 and C4, respectively). So:

n1= 300000/1500000*3000

n2=450000/1500000*3000

n3=550000/1500000*3000

n4=200000/1500000*3000

Therefore, we must choose:

n1 = 600 people from C1

n2 = 900 people from C2

n3 = 1100 people from C3

n4 = 400 people from C4

c) How would you select the people in each region?

Through simple random sampling or systematic sampling.

18. We want to select a sample of 50 students from the 2nd cycle of the Administration
degree. In each of the following cases you must decide whether the sampling should be
simple random or stratified by sex to study the indicated variables:

a) Height

In height at that age there are usually significant differences. Sampling must be stratified in this
case

b) Time spent by students going from home to university

There are few significant differences. Sampling should be simple random in this case

c) Visual acuity

There are few significant differences. Sampling should be simple random in this case

d) Incidence of dental caries

There are few significant differences. Sampling should be simple random in this case

e) Soccer practice

There are usually significant differences. Sampling must be stratified in this case

f) Reading a newspaper

There are usually significant differences. Sampling must be stratified in this case

19. In each of the following situations, explain the need, or convenience, of using a sample:

a) Average age of those attending an important soccer final

Yes, because the population is very large

b) Duration of a type of light bulb (measuring the time it takes to burn out)

There's no need

c) Number of people in a large city who consume a certain product

Yes, because the population is large and it is not easy to control it

20. Indicate whether the following methods of obtaining a sample are appropriate or not.

Reason your answer:

a) To carry out a study on the leisure activities preferred by the inhabitants of a certain
town, we surveyed 200 students chosen at random when they left school.
Yes, it is appropriate, because with the representative sample the leisure most preferred by
high school students could be found.
b) To see the educational level of the residents of a locality, 300 telephone numbers are
chosen at random from the directory, calls are made and a sample of approximately 300
data is obtained.
It is not so suitable, because the data received may not be so accurate. Which would
produce an error in the results.