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Test laboratory:
No.:
748 / 01
Link Test According to the specifications laid down in EN 50173:1995 + A1:2000 Unshielded Class D Interconnect Channel and Permanent Link
Project number:
BRRNA020
Registriernummer: TTI-P-G187/00-00
This test report consists of 33 pages plus annex. GHMT mbH and the customers shall grant each other an unlimited right to copy and disclose this report insofar as the measuring results and specifications published are neither modified nor rendered incomplete. Third parties are not permitted to copy this report or excerpts thereof nor misuse it in any other fashion without obtaining our written approval.
Link Test to the specifications laid down in EN 50173:1995 + A1:2000 Class D Interconnect Channel and Permanent Link
Table of Contents
1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 2 2.1 2.2 3 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 GENERAL INFORMATION .......................................................................................................... 3 Test Laboratory.............................................................................................................................. 3 Test Date........................................................................................................................................ 3 Test Site ......................................................................................................................................... 3 Test Conducted by ......................................................................................................................... 3 Persons Present at Test .................................................................................................................. 3 CUSTOMER.................................................................................................................................... 4 Address .......................................................................................................................................... 4 Responsible compartment.............................................................................................................. 4 EQUIPMENT UNDER TEST (EUT) .............................................................................................. 5 Description of the Components ..................................................................................................... 5 Component Order .......................................................................................................................... 5 Acceptance of Components ........................................................................................................... 6 Definition of the Equipment Under Test (EUT) ............................................................................ 6
4 TEST TYPE ..................................................................................................................................... 8 4.1 Reference of testing ....................................................................................................................... 8 4.2 Test parameters.............................................................................................................................. 8 4.2.1 Attenuation ........................................................................................................................... 9 4.2.2 Near-End Cross-Talk (NEXT) ............................................................................................ 10 4.2.3 Power-Sum Near-End Cross-Talk (PS NEXT) ................................................................... 11 4.2.4 Attenuation-to-Cross-Talk Ratio (ACR) ............................................................................. 12 4.2.5 Power-Sum Attenuation-to-Cross-Talk Ratio (PS ACR) .................................................... 12 4.2.6 Equal-Level Far-End Cross-Talk (EL FEXT) .................................................................... 13 4.2.7 Power-Sum Equal-Level Far-End Cross-Talk (PS EL FEXT) ........................................ 14 4.2.8 Return Loss......................................................................................................................... 15 4.2.9 Longitudinal (to Differential) Conversion Loss (LCL)....................................................... 16 4.2.10 Delay .................................................................................................................................. 17 4.2.11 Delay Skew ......................................................................................................................... 18 4.2.12 Transfer impedance (Not measured in this test report)...................................................... 19 5 RULES AND REGULATIONS..................................................................................................... 20 5.1 Rules and Regulations Applied.................................................................................................... 20 5.2 Class E Limits in the Permanent Link and in the Channel........................................................... 20 5.2.1 Limits Permanent Link ....................................................................................................... 21 5.2.2 Limits Channel ................................................................................................................... 21 5.3 Deviations .................................................................................................................................... 22 5.4 None-Standardized Test Procedures ............................................................................................ 22 6 7 8 TEST EQUIPMENT ...................................................................................................................... 23 SUMMARY ................................................................................................................................... 24 ANNEX: DOCUMENTATION OF MEASUREMENTS ............................................................. 26
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Link Test to the specifications laid down in EN 50173:1995 + A1:2000 Class D Interconnect Channel and Permanent Link
Customer
2.1 Address
Brand-Rex GmbH Im Taubental 58 D-41468 Neuss Phone: Fax: +49 / 2131 / 3609 - 0 +49 / 2131 / 3609 - 99
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Link Test to the specifications laid down in EN 50173:1995 + A1:2000 Class D Interconnect Channel and Permanent Link
Brand-Rex Typ: GPU-PNL-U-xx-yz-2M xx = 16, 24, 32, 48 = 16, 24, 32, 48 Port y = Pre-assembled accordimg to TIA 568 A, B z = 1, K = 110 , LSA connectivity
Data cable
Brand-Rex Typ: GPU-xxx-y Length: 90 m xxx = HF1, HF3 = LSF/OH IEC332.1, IEC332.3c xxx = ----- = PVC IEC332.1 y = D = Duplex, shotgun
Outlet
Brand-Rex Typ:
GPC-JAK-U-xy-3
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Link Test to the specifications laid down in EN 50173:1995 + A1:2000 Class D Interconnect Channel and Permanent Link
Installation cable
Telecommunication Outlet
Brand-Rex Typ: GPC-JAK-U-xy-3 x = A,B = Pre-assembled according to TIA/EIA 568 A y = 1, K = 110, LSA connectivity Brand-Rex Typ: GPC-PC-U-xxx-888-y Length: 5 m xxx = Length y = H = LSF/OH IEC332.1 y = -- = PVC IEC332.1 Cable: G6U-P24_(HF1), 4Pair 24 AWG UTP single-ended assembly with RJ45, Typ: Stew.Enh. Cat.5
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Picture 1: Definition of permanent link and channel in reference to ISO/IEC 11801:1995/FDAM 2: 1999(E)
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Link Test to the specifications laid down in EN 50173:1995 + A1:2000 Class D Interconnect Channel and Permanent Link
Attenuation Near-end Crosstalk (NEXT) Power-sum near-end crosstalk attenuation (PS NEXT) Attenuation to crosstalk loss ratio (ACR) Power-sum attenuation to crosstalk loss ratio (PS ACR) Equal level far-end crosstalk attenuation (ELFEXT) Power-sum equal level far-end crosstalk attenuation (PS ELFEXT) Return loss Longitudinal to differential conversion loss (LCL) Delay Delay skew Loop resistance
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4.2.1 Attenuation
W G
SNA 2 100 Hz -
Transmitter Receiver
Baluns
SMZ
75 / 105
A
Pair of cores
SMZ
75 / 105 Oh
Definition
The attenuation is determined by the ratio of the power supplied at port A and the power measured at port B.
P a V [dB] = 10 log A PB
Input and output of the two-port network have to be terminated with the line's nominal characteristic impedance in order to avoid return loss. Influencing factors The attenuation of cables is largely determined by the crosssectional area and the conductivity of the copper conductors. In particular in very high frequency ranges, the dielectric loss of the core insulation material contributes to an increase in the attenuation in proportion to the frequency. The attenuation temperature. Meaning depends on length, frequency and
A low attenuation improves the transmission reliability of the cabling link. The attenuation of cables and connecting hardware accumulates but it is primarily determined by the cabling.
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W G
SNA 2 100 Hz -
Transmitter Receiver
Baluns
SMZ
75 / 105
Pair of cores 1
Zo
SMZ
75 / 105
Pair of cores 2
Zo
Definition
The near-end cross-talk loss is determined by the ratio of the power supplied at port A to the power measured at port B.
P a N [dB] = 10 log A PB
The EUT has to be terminated on both ends with the characteristic impedance. If transmitter and receiver are positioned at the same end of the EUT, the parameter is referred to as near-end cross-talk (NEXT). Influencing factors The near-end cross-talk of cables is decisively influenced by the stranding and the foil pair shield (if applicable). Near-end cross-talk strongly depends on the frequency used and only to a minor extent on the cabling length. Meaning A high degree of near-end cross-talk improves transmission reliability. The transmission reliability within the cabling link is largely determined by the component with the lowest degree of near-end cross-talk.
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Link Test to the specifications laid down in EN 50173:1995 + A1:2000 Class D Interconnect Channel and Permanent Link
Transmitter Receiver
SUA-71
50 / 100 Ohm
Power Splitter
50 / 100 Ohm
SUA-71
50 / 100 Ohm
SUA-71
50 / 100 Ohm
SUA-71
Definition
The power sum of the near-end cross-talk is defined on the basis of the ratio of the power input at the three pairs A, B and C to the power output at pair D. The power-sum NEXT value of cables can be measured by means of a phasecorrelated 4-port power splitter. On the basis of the pair-topair NEXT measurements, the power sum can also be calculated according to the following formula:
10
i =1
- 0,1 a iNEXT
The power-sum NEXT value of cables is decisively influenced by the stranding and the foil pair shield (if applicable). Power-sum NEXT strongly depends on the frequency used and only to a minor extent on the cabling length. With regard to network protocols that distribute the bidirectional data load over all four pairs, power-sum NEXT is of great importance for transmission reliability since power-sum cross-talk is expected to impair transmission via the data channel.
Meaning
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Link Test to the specifications laid down in EN 50173:1995 + A1:2000 Class D Interconnect Channel and Permanent Link
Calculation
As agreed, the ACR value is calculated for every frequency response of the near-end cross-talk with the two relevant frequency responses of the attenuation. Alternatively, the minimum value of the ACR calculation may be allocated for every measuring point of the two attenuation values involved. The determination of the double-ended system dynamics thus results in 12 ACR frequency responses for a four-pair specimen.
Meaning
The ACR value is of decisive importance to system designers, system manufacturers and operators of data communications equipment since it provides immediate insight into system dynamics and system reserve. The larger the distance between the useful signal and the noise signal over the entire frequency range, the larger the infrastructural reserve.
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Balun
50 / 100 Ohm
SUA-71
SUA-71
Balun 100
50 / 100 Ohm
SUA-71
Definition
The equal-level far-end cross-talk (abbr. EL FEXT) is determined by the ratio of the power measured at the remote port B to the power measured at the remote port C. The measuring signal is supplied to the near end of the cable.
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10
i =1
i - 0,1 a ELFEXT
Meaning
With regard to network protocols that distribute the bidirectional data load over all four pairs, power-sum EL FEXT is of great importance for transmission reliability since cross-talk is expected to impair transmission via the data channel.
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W G
UUT
Balun
SMZ
75 / 105 Ohm
Definition
The return loss represents the ratio of the power supplied to the EUT to the power reflected by the EUT. Pinput a R [dB] = 10 log P output
The EUT end is terminated with the characteristic impedance in order to absorb any non-reflected power. The EUT and the test-value transmitter must have the same rated impedance in the broadband range. Influencing factors The return loss value of cables is decisively influenced by the homogeneity of the conductors and the core of the cable. Mechanical load during the manufacturing or installation of the cables may impair the return loss. The parameters return loss and characteristic impedance correlate. Meaning A high degree of return loss improves the transmission reliability. A low degree of return loss may lead to an unwanted overlap of returning signal components.
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W G
Receiver
Transmitter
Commonmode/differentialmode termination without return loss Symmetricalbrc Symme trie me measuring bridge
SMB-54A 20kHz-100MHz
Pair of Cores
Definition
The longitudinal to differential conversion loss (abbr. LCL) represents the ratio of the differential-mode wave input in the EUT to the common-mode wave output from the EUT. Pdifferenti al mod e LCL [dB] = 10 log P common mod e
The EUT end is terminated with the corresponding characteristic impedance for both wave shapes. Influencing factors The LCL value of data transmission cables is decisively influenced by the homogeneity of the cores and the uniform stranding. An ideally balanced data transmission cable would also be resistant to external electromagnetic interference without any shielding. The LCL value and the earth coupling correlate. Meaning A high degree of LCL reduces the susceptibility of the EUT to any disturbing electromagnetic interference.
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4.2.10 Delay
W G
Transmitter Receiver
Baluns
SMZ
75 / 105
A
Pair of Cores
SMZ
75 / 105
Definition
The velocity of propagation v of cables is stated in relation to the maximum velocity of propagation of electromagnetic waves in the vacuum co. The parameter "Nominal Velocity of Propagation" (abbr. NVP) is defined as follows:
NVP =
co
The delay is the period of time the signal requires in order to travel through a cabling link with a length of l. The delay is calculated on the basis of the NVP value (Nominal Velocity of Propagation) of the cable and the velocity of light c0 according to the following formula:
=
Influencing factors
l NVP c0
The delay of cables is decisively influenced by the dielectric loss of the core insulation material. This material-induced loss may be minimised by selecting various compounds and by varying the degree of foaming. The impact of colour addition on the NVP value is not to be neglected since the colours vary strongly in their dielectric constants, which are considerably higher than in the basic compound.
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The velocity of propagation does not depend on the cable length and may be calculated on the basis of the measurement of the length-dependent group delay. The reference length used for calculation is the cable length and not the lay length of the twisted pairs. Different lay length values in the four pairs lead to different NVP values. In order to ensure distortion-free signal transmission, the velocity of propagation must not fall below a lower limiting value, which is determined by the system requirements. The velocity of propagation has to be virtually independent of the frequency within the signal bandwidth in order to avoid a divergence of the spectral signal components. High-bit rate network protocols that use parallel data transmission via the four pairs, moreover, require a highly consistent velocity of propagation in order to avoid synchronisation errors. Future normative standards will define this so-called "delay skew".
Meaning
vi v j = l vi v j
Influencing factors Meaning The delay skew of cables is decisively influenced by the dielectric loss of the core insulation material and the various lay length values. The delay skew will be an important parameter for a distortion-free data transmission in balanced cables in view of future network protocols.
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Network analyzer
50 ohms
Parallel wire Specimen
Screened cabin
Definition
As soon as an electromagnetic wave reaches a screen, it induces an interference current IDisturb.. This current produces a voltage UDisturb. along the inner conductor. The coupling factor
= U Disturbance
Disturbance
has the dimension of a complex impedance and is called transfer impedance ZT. The transfer impedance consists of a real part i.e. the coupling resistance RC and an imaginary part. In many cases, only the coupling resistance will be of practical importance for the evaluation of the shielding effectiveness. The coupling impedance has the dimension m. In case of data cables it is indicated per unit of length and has the dimension m/m. Influencing variables In case of shielded cables, the coupling resistance is primarily determined by the mechanical structure of the braided screen and/or by inserted foil screens. The coupling resistance is very much dependent on the frequency. The better the effectiveness of a shield is, the smaller is the value of the coupling resistance.
Significance
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Link Test to the specifications laid down in EN 50173:1995 + A1:2000 Class D Interconnect Channel and Permanent Link
EN 50173:1995 + A1:2000 from july 2000 Information technology - Generic cabling for customer premises ISO/IEC 11801:1995 + A1:1999(E) Information technology - Generic cabling for customer premises ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 25/WG3 N598 (05/00) ISO/IEC 11801 2nd edition: Clauses as approved by WG 3 at Sydney and as proposed by editors for consideration (working draft) TIA 568 A Add.1-4, TSB 95 & Add.5 (Cat.5e)(1999) TIA 568 A 1995 & Add 1-4
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PS EL FEXT / dB
Frequency / MHz
Return Loss / dB
Attenuation / dB
PS EL FEXT / dB
Frequency / MHz
Return Loss / dB
Attenuation / dB
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Delay Skew / ns
EL FEXT / dB
PS NEXT / dB
PS ACR / dB
NEXT / dB
Delay / ns
ACR / dB
LCL / dB
Delay Skew / s
EL FEXT / dB
PS NEXT / dB
PS ACR / dB
NEXT / dB
Delay / s
ACR / dB
LCL / dB
Link Test to the specifications laid down in EN 50173:1995 + A1:2000 Class D Interconnect Channel and Permanent Link
5.3 Deviations
The test was conducted with the following deviations in the test set-up and test procedure as compared to ISO/IEC 11801:
The test set-up corresponds to the interconnect channel that is used as a link with two plug-jack transitions.
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6 Test equipment
Label
Manufacturer
Technical Datas 50 9 kHz - 4 GHz 0,10 % accuracy 50 / 100 1 MHz - 1,2 GHz 50 / 100 1 MHz 1,5 GHz 50 100 kHz - 350 MHz 0,025 m resolution 1 m resolution ---
Last Calibration
ZVRE
01/00
Reference clamp Symmetry measuring bridge Time-DomainReflectometer Digital -Voltmeter Measuring equipment
KRMZ 1500-A
before use
SMB-61
before use
-------
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Summary
Brand-Rex GmbH Im Taubental 58 D-41468 Neuss Telefon: Telefax: +49 / 2131 / 3609 0 +49 / 2131 / 3609 99
Customer
Test laboratory
Gesellschaft fr Hochfrequenz-Metechnik mbH In der Kolling 13 D-66450 Bexbach / Germany Phone: +49 / 6826 / 9228 0 Fax: +49 / 6826 / 9228 99
Test report no. 748/00 from 18th january 2001. Certification of transmission characteristics with respect to high-frequency behaviour. The EUT was a 90 m permanent link and a 100 m interconnect channel without any transition- or consolidation point. The EUT presented for the test is described by the following product features and type data: Patchcord/ Work area Cord Brand-Rex Typ: GPC-PC-U-xxx-888-y Length: 5 m Xxx = Length y = H = LSF/OH IEC332.1 y = -- = PVC IEC332.1 Cable: GPU-P24-(HF1), 4 Pair 24 AWG UTP one side pre-assembled with RJ45 Typ Stew.Enh. Cat.5 Brand-Rex Typ: GPC-PNL-U-xx-yz-2M xx = 16, 24, 32, 48 = 16, 24, 36, 48 Port y = A, B = Pre-assembled according to TIA 568 A, B z = 1, K = 110, LSA connectivity Installation- Brand-Rex Typ: GPU-xxx-y UTP cable Length: 90 m xxx = HF1, HF3 = LSF/OH IEC332.1, IEC332.1 xxx = ----- = PVC IEC332.1 y = D = Duplex, Shotgun Outlet Brand-Rex Typ: GPC-JAK-U-xy-3 x = A, B = Pre-assembled according to TIA 568 A, B y = 1, K = 110, LSA connectivity
Patchpanel
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Link Test to the specifications laid down in EN 50173:1995 + A1:2000 Class D Interconnect Channel and Permanent Link
EN 50173:1995 + A1:2000 from july 2000-11-04 Information technology Generic cabling for customer premises ISO/IEC 11801:1995 + A1:1999(E) Information technology Generic cabling for customer premises ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 25 WG3 N598 (05/00) ISO/IEC 11801 2nd edition: Clauses as approved by WG 3 at Sydney and as proposed by editors for consideration (working draft) TIA 568 A Add.1-4, TSB 95 & Add.5 (Cat.5e)(1999) TIA 568 A 1995 & Add.1-4 Attenuation Near-end crosstalk attenuation (NEXT) Power-sum near-end crosstalk attenuation (PS NEXT) Attenuation to crosstalk loss ratio (ACR) Power-sum attenuation to crosstalk loss ratio (PS ACR) Equal level far-end crosstalk attenuation (ELFEXT) Power-sum equal level far-end crosstalk attenuation (PS ELFEXT) Delay Delay skew Return loss Longitudinal to differential conversion loss (LCL) Loop resistance
Test parameters
Comments
The results obtained during the test refer to the EUT described. Future technical modifications of the data transmission cable and the connectors are the manufacturers responsibility. The EUT is within the normative limits laid down in the specified documents as far as the aforementioned test parameters are concerned. The conformity of the Permanent Link and the Interconnect Channel tested with the Class D reqiurements (100 MHz) are confirmed for all pin combinations.
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Loop Resistance Permanent Link Pair 12 36 45 78 Loop resistance in 12,64 12,67 12,66 12,70
Loop Resistance Channel Pair 12 36 45 78 Loop resistance in 15,83 15,83 15,84 15,90
The following adjustments were basis for the measuring equipment: Measuring equipment Level Frequency Average Length Fluke PM 6304 RLC-Meter 50 mV DC Yes 90 m (Permanent Link) 100 m (Channel) The limit in reference to ISO/IEC 11801 for loop resistance is 40 in the channel and 34 in the Permanent Link.
Limit
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Summary of the measured high-frequency-parameters: All power-sum parameters are calculated out of individual pair-to-pair measurements. Furthermore the ACR-values and the delay skew are determined by calculation. Attenuation The following adjustments were basis for the measuring equipment: Networkanalysor Output Power Frequency Range IF-Filter Resolution Average Smoothing Noise floor Impedance Matching of specimen Rohde & Schwarz ZVRE 10 Hz 4 GHz 0 dBm 1 MHz 100 MHz 300 Hz 2000 measurement points in logarithmic distribution None None A dynamic range of 135 dB was verified 50 Cable reference measuring clamp 1200 of GHMT Cable reference measuring clamp 1500 of GHMT
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NEXT The following adjustments were basis for the measuring equipment: Networkanalysor Output Power Frequency Range IF-Filter Resolution Average Smoothing Noise floor Impedance Matching of specimen Rohde & Schwarz ZVRE 10 Hz 4 GHz 0 dBm 1 MHz 100 MHz 30 Hz 2000 measurement points in logarithmic distribution None None A dynamic range of 135 dB was verified 50 Cable reference measuring clamp 1200 of GHMT
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EL FEXT The following adjustments were basis for the measuring equipment: Networkanalysor Output Power Frequency Range IF-Filter Resolution Average Smoothing Noise floor Impedance Matching of specimen Rohde & Schwarz ZVRE 10 Hz 4 GHz 0 dBm 1 MHz 100 MHz 30 Hz 2000 measurement points in logarithmic distribution None None A dynamic range of 135 dB was verified 50 Cable reference measuring clamp 1200 of GHMT Cable reference measuring clamp 1500 of GHMT
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Delay The following adjustments were basis for the measuring equipment: Networkanalysor Output Power Frequency Range IF-Filter Resolution Average Smoothing Noise floor Impedance Matching of specimen Rohde & Schwarz ZVRE 10 Hz 4 GHz 0 dBm 1 MHz 100 MHz 100 Hz 2000 measurement points in linear distribution None None A dynamic range of 135 dB was verified 50 Cable reference measuring clamp 1200 of GHMT Cable reference measuring clamp 1500 of GHMT
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Return loss The following adjustments were basis for the measuring equipment: Networkanalysor Output Power Frequency Range IF-Filter Resolution Average Smoothing Noise floor Impedance Matching of specimen Rohde & Schwarz ZVRE 10 Hz 4 GHz -10 dBm 1 MHz 100 MHz 300 Hz 2000 measurement points in logarithmic distribution None None A dynamic range of 60 dB was verified 50 Cable reference measuring clamp 1200 of GHMT
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Link Test to the specifications laid down in EN 50173:1995 + A1:2000 Class D Interconnect Channel and Permanent Link
Longitudinal conversion loss The following adjustments were basis for the measuring equipment: Networkanalysor Output Power Frequency Range IF-Filter Resolution Average Smoothing Noise floor Impedance Matching of specimen Rohde & Schwarz ZVRE 10 Hz 4 GHz 0 dBm 0,1 MHz 100 MHz 30 Hz 2000 measurement points in logarithmic distribution None None A dynamic range of 45 dB was verified at 100 MHz 50 Symmetry measuring bridge
All power-sum parameters are calculated out of individual pair-to-pair measurements. Furthermore the ACR-values and the delay skew are determined by calculation.
Test laboratory: Gesellschaft fr Hochfrequenz-Metechnik mbH, Bexbach/Germany Page 33 of 33 Officialy certified test laboratory according to DIN EN ISO/IEC 17025 and member of eurolab-Germany, inc.