repositorio.uptc@uptc.edu.

co
 "#$%&' (#)*+& ,% -&
./0%1' 2 &/3%
&+&,%)4/05#%,
6/# ,%0(/&) %)
%&7 /8&'2% 0'7 '/ 9:"; #%
& 2 < ;4=>'</? ?@?ABCDE
FFF?<'G%?%,#?*>
JKL 07/H/&I<'G%?F0

MN PQNRNSTU VS USWXYRYRZNSNQUX[NX\]S\
NPT] [N ^N_UXVU\Y`S R]\Y]a]QbUTY_Ucd
</ ,%</& /0 %7/0,% 0/<'%, ,,%
</&/<'*'%&7/?e%0,%%07 f% 0f%<7'2 0%
H/ , %2 # <'-&</*/#&f /<%0/,% %7 /
'*%&7 <'-&g f/g/f 5#% 0 f% 0/& 00%G/
*%&g*%h/ %&,%* &% </&7'&# f 7' ,%
%0/ #<'-&,% f /H %* 0 ,% </&7%>7/;</&
</ H/ <'-& g %*f %/ ,% 0 i9 ?9&< #g% %
,%0 / /,%</*f%7%&<' 0;f% /,%0,%#& f%
0f%<7'2 </*f %h g< j7'< ; f 7'
,% f /g%<7/=7'</,%2', ?
klmlnolp rmlstpu 0/<'/G/ * <'-&; 0/<'%,
, ,% </&/<'*'%&7/; %2 # <'-& 0/<'/G/ *
7'2 ?
Jw xyw
@# f/0%z4 {% & & g0'0 H/#77|%</&<
%f7/G7|%0/<'/G/ * 7'2% 0%0*%&7
</ ,'&$F'7|7|%<| %&$%0/G7|%{&/F %,$
%0/<'%7g?: /* 7|'0f% 0f%<7'2%7|%
0%0*%&7'0 %$ ,%, 0 G% ,H <{ f /<%0
&, 0#f / 70 7|% <'7')%&0 '& G/ * 7'/&
&,0% <|7|%</&7'&#/#0'*f /2%*%&7Hg0/
2'&$</&7%>7f /H %*0'&7/ 7|% G *% /G 7|%
</ H/ 7'2% F/ { &, 7|% '&G/ * 7'/& 7%<|
&/ /$g &,
</**#&'< 7'/&? 9&< #,'&$ </*f%7%&<%0;
H#7 G /* </*f %> &, < '7'< f% 0f
%<7'2%; &,7|%07 7'&$f/'&7'07|%%7|'<
f /h%<7/G 'G%?
}t~ o pu0/<'/G/ * 7'/&;{&/F %,$
%0/<'%7g;0/<'/G/ * 7'2% 0%0*%&7
 w Ky
e%0,% G'& %0 ,% 0'$ / f 0 ,/ 0% | f 0 ,/
,% 0/<'%, , '&,#07 ' 0/<'%, ,,%
'&G/ * <'-&;</& /<# % < f'7 *+0'*f/
7 &7%g &/%0
* 5#'& ' /% ,'&% /;0'&/ '&G/ * <'-
&?"&%07/'&G #g-% ,%0 / /,% 0 7%<&/
/$j 0 ,% '&G/ * <'-& g </*#&'< <'-& i9
'&'*% '0;BECE ?1'&
%*H $/;% %7/%0f 0 ,% 0/<'%, ,,%
'&G/ * <'-& 0/<'%, ,,%
</&/<'*'%&7/ 4 <% /;BE C gf % /%0&%<
%0 '/G/ * <'#, , &/05#% 7 H h%&,%* &%
</ H/ 7'2 %& %0/ #<'-&,% /0f /H %*
0,% </&7%>7/
</&f%&0 *'%&7/</*f %h/;</*f
/*'0/=7'</g%*f %/f% 7'&%&7%,% 0i9 ? "&
%07%</&7%>7/;% f ,'$* ,% %2 # <'-&<
%&7 ,/%&, #& &/7 0/H %
/0 /$
7'2 /H /0,% f% ,%0<
'&, #& 0/& 'f<'-&,%
%2 # <'-&<# &7'7
! " #

# # $

# $ $
% # &
#
& $ #
'()# "

* # &
+ # +
,
#-./.
0

#
#
#
( +
%+
123456794:;434<=>?;@4
ABDEFGHDIJKLEFGJIBIIJMFEDEFGNGJDOEPJNJ
QRJJDSTUTIJVBQOJIJ WQXFYJQ
/Z[Z #
& #
\ #
, /Z ] ^ _` /Z a
# bc
,)d
-. e
+ #

$
'()#
f

g # +

+ #
 $
# f
 ! "# $%& '
( $%&%'

) *
*
+

, $%&- $%&- $%&- $%&. '

/01234507389:;<:2=>1?02=0@0AB:5=9:

'

E , $
%&. '
8F3G/;:93G73;:89:;<:2=>1?
02=0@0AB:5=9:31;:87<2:2=>1:H=G5:12=:I
J=A5<:;

& , L
L
L +

$ M D
* + +

- N
O N *
 !

" #
$

% &

& '

( )

*
&

+ + ! ,
!
$

-./.0.12345
7 89:;:< 7
=
, , >?
@ABCDEFGIJKLMNFOPQRQS TU8"9< 9:VW 9

X X YZ [ \ 89:; < >]?CD^M_`aC

MDbMGMcdCQe`NM` AD` DACb`
CNFdF@f`^Cd`C^AN`NMgD =h

i j ) 8;*"*< klC>@CFmPMGNFDEMDAMEnQo
pq j=7 Yr p
7 ' & [ s # s Yt'& & [ Z 89:; <
uGEA^MFNFDNC]EA`d^Cd`
^FNCDNM`GFNMFmF?B`EMb` Z!v =Xwx$
 ! "! #$% &
'()"! * + ,& '
-#")! ). / 0 1( "23 456789:;<67=
>? 7 >@AB7

7C 6 D EF GH7 = 7 I 7H 7
J6C> = = = D6 6C>K> @6 L 0!#")M (1
-" # N - ) !O PQ RS

J> K T EF R D6 C@>?> K9G U 7 > V W

67A <67@ X>V>@ GV
% " ' )"! ) Y -' ) &% #"'- "! ) *
+ ,Z) /!#") [ )' > V E

J@ 7 3 \ 9 # ! "! #2*+ "') #&

'()"! & ). -'Z1' 1 '",)
] ! " (1 ')',# ! ",2U6 =7 9J
V

W6^_ J EF S ` '() !O ! " ') , (1 "

!)#2a #)(! " (1 b Z
-'c - Z ! d "! ), 0) -) !O \@ e=
f6V6@g9eD:e

W6^_ J EF S^ [) 0) -) !O )# (1 "
!)# ) - ) !O .d#! )
E= e= h;>C69J @>

W6^_ J EF SC i " c) #"!O -'!

- )'2 j ) 1 '#1 "!0) # ! & '()"!0)
h;>C69W7>

W6^_ J EF R ! & '() !O $+) !) )

#"!O ") " +-() ) '
)# ! ) !(! "

h;>C69Dkle W6^_ J EF R^

N0) -) !O # ! & '()"!0)

h;>C69Dkle

C6 EF R m C> 6C> = = = C6 6C>K>

@6 B 7> 9 3eJD: