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Total Cost of Electricity Production per kWh

$0.25

$0.20
C
o
s
t $0.15
p
e
r
$0.10
k
W
h
$0.05

$Nuclear

Cost Type
Construction
Production
Decommissioning
Total

Nuclear
$ 0.02
$ 0.02
$ 0.00
$ 0.04

Coal

$
$
$
$

Coal
0.02
0.03
0.04

Natural Gas

Natural Gas
$
0.02
$
0.08
$
$
0.10

Wind
$ 0.05
$ 0.03
$
$ 0.08

Wind

Solar
$ 0.22
$
$
$ 0.22

Hydro
$ 0.02
$ 0.01
$
$ 0.03

Solar

on per kWh

Decommissioning
Production
Construction

Solar

Hydro

2008 US Electricity Generation by Source & Weighted Average

Energy Source
Nuclear
Hydro
Coal
Natural gas
Petroleum
Other renewables

% of Total
19.7%
6.1%
48.7%
21.4%
1.1%
3.0%
100.0%

Cost per kWh


$
0.04
$
0.03
$
0.04
$
0.10
$
0.10
$
0.15

Weighted Avg
Cost
0.008
0.002
0.022
0.022
0.001
0.005
$
0.059

Source:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:2008_US_electricity_generation_by_source_v2.png

Projected US Electricity Generation by Source & Weighted

Energy Source
Nuclear
Hydro
Coal
Natural gas
Petroleum
Other renewables

% of Total
39.4%
6.1%
29.0%
21.4%
1.1%
3.0%
100.0%

Cost per kWh


$
0.04
$
0.03
$
0.04
$
0.10
$
0.10
$
0.15

Weighted Avg
Cost
0.015
0.002
0.013
0.022
0.001
0.005
$
0.058

-1.7%

Projected US Electricity Generation by Source & Weighted

Energy Source
Nuclear
Hydro
Coal
Natural gas
Petroleum
Other renewables

% of Total
59.1%
6.1%
9.3%
21.4%
1.1%
3.0%
100.0%

Cost per kWh


$
0.04
$
0.03
$
0.04
$
0.10
$
0.10
$
0.15

Weighted Avg
Cost
0.023
0.002
0.004
0.022
0.001
0.005
$
0.057

-3.5%

Utility
Project
Location

Reference
Type
MW
Estimated Construction Cost
Useful life (years)
Capacity factor
Total kWh produced over
useful life
Construction cost per kWh
Production costs per kWh (incl
fuel)
Decommissioning costs per
kWh (nuclear only)
Total cost per kWh

Additional Sources
Capacity factor wind power
Prod costs wind power
Hyro Prod costs
solar capacity factor

Wisconsin Power &


Light

Duke Energy

Nelson Dewey 3
Wisconsin

Cliffside
North Carolina
http://www.synapseenergy.com/Downloads/
SynapsePaper.2008http://www.jsonline.co
07.0.Coal-Plantm/business/29482814.ht
Constructionml
Costs.A0021.pdf
Coal
Coal
300
600
$1,200,000,000
40
73.6%

$3,000,000,000
40
73.6%

77,368,320,000
$0.016

154,736,640,000
$0.019

$0.027

$0.027

$0.000
$0.043

$0.000
$0.047

http://www.leonardo-energy.org/capacity-factor-wind-power
http://wind-energy-the-facts.org/en/part-3-economics-of-wind-power/chapter-1-cost-o
http://new.wvic.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=7&Itemid=44
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_farm

AMP-Ohio

Georgia Power-Southern Georgia Power-Southern Georgia Power-Southern


Co.
Co.
Co.

AMPGS
Vogtle 3 & 4
Vogtle 3 & 4
Vogtle 3 & 4
Ohio
Georgia
Georgia
Georgia
http://www.synapseenergy.com/Downloads/
SynapsePaper.2008- http://chronicle.augusta. http://chronicle.augusta. http://chronicle.augusta.
07.0.Coal-Plantcom/latest-news/2010- com/latest-news/2010- com/latest-news/2010Construction02-16/obama-announce- 02-16/obama-announce- 02-16/obama-announceCosts.A0021.pdf
loan-guarantee-vogtle
loan-guarantee-vogtle
loan-guarantee-vogtle
Coal
Nuclear
Nuclear
Nuclear
960
2,300
2,300
2,300
$4,000,000,000
40
73.6%

$10,000,000,000
40
91.8%

$14,500,000,000
40
91.8%

$18,000,000,000
40
91.8%

247,578,624,000
$0.016

739,834,560,000
$0.014

739,834,560,000
$0.020

739,834,560,000
$0.024

$0.027

$0.019

$0.019

$0.019

$0.000
$0.044

$0.002
$0.034

$0.002
$0.040

$0.002
$0.044

ity-factor-wind-power
rt-3-economics-of-wind-power/chapter-1-cost-of-on-land-wind-power/operation-and-maintenance-costs-of-wind-generated-power.html
=com_content&task=view&id=7&Itemid=44

Northwest Power
Planning Council
Hypothetical
N/A

We Energies
We Energies
Glacier Hills Wind Park - Glacier Hills Wind Park 20 year life
30 year life
Wsconsin
Wsconsin

China
Three Gorges Dam
China

http://www.brighterene http://www.brighterene
http://www.nwcouncil.o rgy.org/6900/news/wind rgy.org/6900/news/wind http://en.wikipedia.org/
rg/energy/powerplan/gr /wisconsin-alliance-to- /wisconsin-alliance-to- wiki/Three_Gorges_Dam
ac/052202/gassimple.ht
build-450m-windbuild-450m-wind#Total_generating_capac
m
project/
project/
ity
Natural Gas
Wind
Wind
Hydro
47
207
207
22,500
$32,000,000
30
11.4%

$450,000,000
20
19.6%

$450,000,000
30
19.6%

$30,000,000,000
40
37.0%

1,411,078,320
$0.023

7,108,214,400
$0.063

10,662,321,600
$0.042

2,917,080,000,000
$0.010

$0.081

$0.030

$0.030

$0.009

$0.000
$0.104

$0.000
$0.093

$0.000
$0.072

$0.000
$0.019

s-of-wind-generated-power.html

Allegheny Energy

Duke Energy

Duke Energy

New Martinsville
West Virginia

SunEdison
Davidson, NC

SunEdison
Davidson, NC

http://www.newshttp://earth2tech.com/2 http://earth2tech.com/2
register.net/page/conte 008/05/22/sunedison- 008/05/22/sunedisonnt.detail/id/534773.html duke-largest-solar-pvduke-largest-solar-pv?nav=5200
farm-in-us/
farm-in-us/
Hydro
Solar
Solar
380
22
22
$1,500,000,000
40
42.0%

$173,000,000
20
16.0%

$173,000,000
30
20.0%

55,923,840,000
$0.027

602,688,000
$0.287

1,130,040,000
$0.153

$0.009

$0.000

$0.000

$0.000
$0.036

$0.000
$0.287

$0.000
$0.153

U.S. Electricity Production Costs and Components


1995 - 2008, In 2008 cents per kilowatt-hour

Year

Total Production Costs


Coal
Gas Nuclear Petroleum

Operations & Maintenance Costs


Coal
Gas Nuclear Petroleum

Coal

Fuel Costs
Gas Nuclear

1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008

2.57
2.42
2.34
2.29
2.21
2.15
2.21
2.19
2.16
2.24
2.43
2.53
2.57
2.75

0.61
0.54
0.52
0.55
0.52
0.52
0.55
0.56
0.55
0.57
0.57
0.59
0.60
0.55

1.96
1.88
1.81
1.74
1.68
1.63
1.66
1.63
1.61
1.67
1.86
1.94
1.97
2.20

3.03
3.87
3.96
3.47
3.88
6.70
6.72
4.05
5.75
5.87
7.47
6.41
6.19
7.54

3.74
4.57
4.64
4.08
4.39
7.28
7.36
4.70
6.42
6.42
8.00
6.95
6.69
8.09

2.70
2.53
2.64
2.46
2.22
2.17
2.05
2.03
1.99
1.95
1.87
1.89
1.85
1.87

5.85
5.95
5.35
3.76
4.52
6.51
6.02
5.76
6.88
6.54
8.96
10.28
10.83
17.26

0.71
0.70
0.67
0.61
0.51
0.57
0.64
0.66
0.67
0.56
0.53
0.54
0.50
0.55

1.89
1.80
1.93
1.76
1.58
1.57
1.49
1.50
1.45
1.42
1.38
1.39
1.36
1.37

1.64
1.36
1.16
0.73
1.03
0.81
0.83
0.93
1.10
0.99
0.97
1.32
1.47
1.69

Production Costs = Operations and Maintenance Costs + Fuel Costs. Production costs do not include indirect costs and are based on
FERC Form 1 filings submitted by regulated utilities. Production costs are modeled for utilities that are not regulated.
Source: Ventyx Velocity Suite
Updated: 5/09

0.81
0.73
0.71
0.70
0.64
0.61
0.56
0.53
0.53
0.53
0.49
0.49
0.50
0.49

uel Costs
Petroleum
4.21
4.59
4.19
3.03
3.49
5.71
5.19
4.83
5.78
5.56
7.99
8.96
9.36
15.56

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