THE UNITED STATES

STRATEGIC BOMBING SURVEY

^^

SHOWA AIRPLANE COMPANY

(Showa Hikoki Kogyo

K)

CORPORATION REPORT
(Airframes)

No. XII

Aircraft Division

December 1946

"

THE UNITED STATES

> 4

STRATEGIC BOMBING SURVEY

SHOWA AIRPLANE COMPANY

(Showa Hikoki Kogyo

K K)

CORPORATION REPORT
(Airframes)

No. XII

Aircraft Division

Dates of Survey:
17-18 October 1945

December 1946

ru)-^7

0. S.

SUPERINTENDENT OF BOCUMfeNTS

JAN 2Z

1947

This report was written primarilj- for

tlie

use of the United States Strateg'ie

Bombing Survey
nature.

in the preparation of further reports of a

more comprehensive

Any

conclusions or opinions expressed in this report must be considered

as limited to the specific material covered

in the light of further studies

and

as subject to further interpretation

conducted by the Survey.

FOREWORD
The United States Strategic Boiiiliing Survey was estahlislied by tlie SecWar on 8 November 1944, i)ursiiant to a directive from the late President Roosevelt. Its mission was to conduct an impartial and expert study of the effects on our aerial attack on Germany, to be used in connection with air attacks on Japan and to establish a basis for evaluating the importance and potentialities of air power as an instrument of military strategy, for planning the future development of the United States armed forces, and for determining future economic policies with respect to the national defense. A summary report and some 200 supporting reports containing the findings of the Survey in Germany
retary of

have been published.

On

15 August

lf)45,

President

Truman

requested

tliat

the Survey conduct

war against Japan, submitting reports in duplicate to the Secretary of War and to the Secretary of the Navy. The officers of the Survey during its Jananese phase were:

a similar, study of the effects of all types of air attack in the

Franklin D'Olier,
Cli(iir)na)i.

Harry L. Bowman, J.Kenneth Galbraith,

Rensis Likert,

Frank A. McNamee, Fred Searls, Jr.,

Monroe
E. Spagiit,

J^.,

Dr. Lewis R. Thompson,

Theodore

P.

Wright,

Directors

Walter Wildes,
Secretary

at

enlisted men.

The Survey's complement provided for 300 civilians, 350 officers, and 500 The military segment of the organization was drawn from the Army to the extent of 60 per cent, and from the Navy to the extent of 40 per cent. Both the Anny and the Navy gave the Survey all possilile assistance in furnishing men, supplies, transport, and information. The Survey operated from headquarters established in Tokyo early in September 1945, with sub-headquarters in Nagoya, Osaka, Hiroshima and Nagasaki, and with mobile teams operating in otlier parts of Japan, the islands of the Pacific, and the Asiatic mainland.

much of wartime Japanese militai-y planning engagement, and campaign by campaign, and to and execution, engagement by secure reasonably accurate statistics on Japan's economy and war-production, plant by plant, and industry by industry. In addition, studies were conducted on Japan's over-all strategic plans and the background of her entry into the war, the internal discussions and negotiations leading to her acceptance of unconditional surrender, the course of health and morale among the civilian popuIt

was

possible to reconstruct

lation, the effectiveness of the

effects of the

atomic

lionilis.

Japanese civilian defense organization, and the Separate reports will lie issued covering each phase

of the study.

industrial officials. It also recovered

The Survey interrogated more than 700 Japanese military, government, and and translated many documents which not

only have beenliseful to the Survey, but also will furnish data valuable for otlier studies. Arrangements liave been made to turn over the Survey's files to the Central Intelligence Group, througli whicli they will be available for further
e-\aiiiiiiali(iii

and

(iistributit)n.

IT

TABLE OF CONTENTS
PAGE

The Corporation and The Air Attacks

Its

Importance in the Aircraft Industry

Production Statistics Evaluation of Preattack Intelligence Appendices A Building Layout Plan 'B Organization Chart
:

Employment C D Number and Length of Shifts E Dispersal Locations F Capacity and Actual Production Figures Actual and Maximum Capacity Production G
Statistics
.-

facing page

5 6
7

8
9

(1)

(2)

Actual and

Maximum

(Tabby) Capacity Production (Val. George).

10
11

THE CORPORATION AND ITS IMPORTANCE IN THE AIRCRAFT INDUSTRY

Introduction
proiliiclion
.")()

(if

\'al

wmild

lia\('

been ajiproxiiiiately

The Shown Airplane Co. (Showa Ilikoki Kogyo K) l)i'g'iin the proiludioii of naval aircraft in October 3!):!!). It built the transport L21):5 (Tabby 22) and tiie dive bomber D;3A2 (Val 22). Teak

a inonlh.

Official naval aircraft inspect(jrs

to the
])laiit

were assitjned
mediators in

during Ihe war,

ac^ting as

arranging

govei'niiient

contracts

and iterfonning

ontput was reached in October 1944 wlien 43 units were built, rcprescntinii- approximately '^ per cent
of naval aircraft production. The Company operated 4 plants by the end of the

routine acce[>tancc and inspection duties.

war, of which the largest was the original unit at the town of Showa, 2 miles west of Tachikawa iu Tokyo prefecture, built in 1937 (appendix A). This

and subsequently Val, become the principal prodTools and presses were imported from the uct. United States for this purpose. When, in 1945,
plant
first

assemliled Tabby,
to

which was intended

Showa iK'came
interests, plans

a satellite

company
to

of the RDtsui
all facilities

were made

expand

for nuiss production of the fighter

N1K2-J (George)
(suicide aircraft)

and

of the special attack plane

Ki-115.

blies for

The three smaller plants produced sub-assemTabby and Val, sending them to the Showa plant for final assendily. The plant at Matsumoto in Nagano prefecture was established in October 1943 and assembled the wings for Val. The plant at Ome in Yamanashi prefecture, established in October 1944, numufactured wooden ailerons for Tabby. The largest of the three was at Shinonoi in Nagano prefecture, established in June 1945, and manufactured the center section of the wings for the same
model. It also started production on George, completing the first one in August 1945.

Organization and Operation The principal departments were gi'ueral affairs, service, and manufacturing (appendix B). Several department heads had been in the United States, and a few had studied aeronautical engineering at American universities. Tlie plant was patterned after the Douglas Airci-aft Company, and the principal machines (presses, routers, etc.) were purchased from American concerns. Bach worker was trained to perform a single ta.sk, and in this respect some form of assembly-line technique was achieved. The lack of electrical conveyor systems was evident, and presumably was a factor contributing to the low monthly production figures. Peak employment was reached in June 1945 when a total of 12,436 workei's were enrolled, of
which about half wave considered direct labor. Students were first employed by the company in April 1944 and tfie number increased each month, reaching 3.443 in June 1945 (appendix C). The yearly labor turn-over was 35 percent in 1943, 33 percent in 1944, and probably would have
been lower in 1945. Housing adjacent
to the plants

was provided, and the wage

high.

scale

was

relatively

Although Showa began functioning as an aircraft company in 1937, monthly progress reports were not required by the Navy Ministry until the summer of 1939. In the fall of 1939 formal contracts were made with the ]\linistry for the production of 5 Tabby transports which were to be completed by 1941. Built chiefly from sections imported from the United States, these 5 planes were delivered by the summer of 1941. In March of that
year the

1939 until April 1944 all employees were on a single-shift basis, but from April 1944 to August 1945 male workers operated on a two-shift

From

basis

(appendix D).

The

Dispersal Program Showa received orders from

the ]\lunitions ilin-

istry late in

1944 to disperse its activities. Since the company planned to begin the immediate assembly of George on a mass production basis, the emphasis

Navy made

additional contracts

for 60

planes to be completed by March 1942. From that time forward until the end of the war, transport

types were contracted for in ever-increasing

niimbers.

Contracts for the dive bomber Val were verbal, and corporation officials estimated tliat if plans for
the Shinonoi plant had developed as expected, peak

was placed on that aircraft at the dispei-sed locations. In addition, some dispei-sal points were to produce parts and equipment for Ki-115, a special attack plane developed by Nakajima. Assembly of AT'al and Tabby was to remain at Showa as long as the buildings were serviceable or until 1944 government contracts were completed.
In planning
its

dispersal,

company

officials de-

cided to establish two separate units or branches,

one (known as the Tokyo branch) eouiposed of 6 small plants in the vioinity of Taehikawa, and the
other (designated the Shiushu branch) comprising 5 small plants located in Nagano prefecture (ap-

pendi.x E i. The Shinshn branch was to concentrate on iM'oduction of George, and the Tokyo branch was to be concerned with parts for George and parts and assembly of Ki-115.

THE AIR ATTACKS

Air Attack on Plants

For a major
of the woods.

attack, officials attempted to provide

was ever a primary target, but the plant at Showa was affected on 6 occasions by attacks on ailjacent primary targets: the Tachikawa Army Air Arsenal, tlie Tachikawa Aircraft Co., a Hachioji urban area attack, and 3 times as

No company

sufficient time for all

employees to reach the safety

])lant

Air Attacks on Urban Areas

Air
rai(.ls

on the Tokyo and Tachikawa areas,

eft'ect

particularly by their

on public and private

loss in

targets of opportunity for .Seventh Fighter C'om-

transportation

facilities,

caused considerable

nuind strikes.
In attacks by Navy carrier-based planes on 17 February 1945 against the Mushashi and Tachikawa Aircraft plants, one pei-son was wounded. In the attack by the Twentieth Air Force on 3 April against Tachikawa Aircraft, one Tabby, property of the Domei News Agency, was burned and the north-south airstrip damaged. In a Seventh Fighter Command strike on 25 May, one Tabby w;s destroyed and 3 damaged. In another Seventh Figliter Command strike on 11 rlune, 1 Tabby was destroyed and 1 Val damaged. In the third Seventh Fighter Command strike on 8 July, 1 person was

production man-hours (table 1). A total of 641,517 man-hours were lost during August 1945 as a result
of air raid alerts.

Table

1.

Man-hours lost due to air attacks October 1944August 1945, Sliowa Airplane Co.

wounded. The heaviest attack was by the Twentieth Air

in the Hachioji night area attack of 1-2 August, when about 200 incendiaries were dropped on the final assembly buildings. Direct hits were scored on the machine tool and instrument shops,

Foi-ce

shop,

destroying a wood-working shop and a machine and partially destroying a sheet-metal shop

and a warehouse. No machine

however.

tools

were damaged,

An

air

raid

j)i'ecaution

.system

Februai-y 1939.

It

was divided

into

was set up in two branches,

the special air raid precaution headquarters, consisting -of general affairs, guard, operations

and

phases of the defense

relief

and the

air raid service

departments

responsible for corresponding

all

branch. The
duties.

president was the coordinator of

defenses, and all male employees

were assigned

There were insufficiently prepared shelter's to accommodate all employees, and during light attacks, younger jM.'opU^ wei'o sent to the wooded areas surrounding Ihc ])laiit, while th(! elderly workers were sent into shcJIcrs wifliiii Ihc pl;nit compounds.

NO.

NAME OF BUILDING

BUILDING

LAYOUT PLAN

SHOWA AIRPLANE COMPANY

Table

2.

Production of Showa Airplane Co., 1939-45

ORGANIZATION CHART
SHOWA AIRPLANE
CO.

GENERAL
AFFAIRS

GENERAL

AFFAIRS"]

DEPARTMENT
DIREC TORS

CONSTRUCTION & REPAIR

ACCOUNTING
PRESIDENT
SERVICE

SERVICE

DEPARTMENT

WELFARE
I AIR-RAID DEFENSE
i

MANUFACTURING DEPARTMENT

AIRCRAFT DESIGN
JIG
Si

tool DESIGN

HOSPITAL

MANUFACTURING
TESTING & EXAMINING

^ TRAINING SCHOOL
U.S.STRATE6IC BOMS SURVEY

SHOWA AIRPLANE
APPENDIX

CO,

EMPLOYMENT

STATISTICS

APPENDIX C SHOWA AIRPLANE

CO.

EMPLOYMENT

STATISTICS

SHOWA AIRPLANE CO. Continued

Direct Labor

1944

January February

March
April

May
June
July

August September October

November December
1945

January February

March
April

May
June
July

August

DISPERSAL LOCATIONS SHOWA AIRPLANE

COMPANY
KEY TO DISPERSAL
INIIGATA

^SHINSHU BRANCH TYPE LOCATION

I.SHINONOI

PRODUCTS SURFACE WING & FINAL ASSEMUNDER GROUND

BLY(GEORGE) PARTS (GEORGE) MACHINE SHOP

% COMPLETED
100

2.MATSUM0T0 3. TATSUNO
4 USUOA
5

100

SHEET METAL WORK

(GEORGE) PARTS (GEORGE)

IWAMURAOA

TOKYO BRANCH TYPE LOCATION

I

PRODUCTS

% COMPLETED
40
100

SURFACE JIGS 8 GAUGES MORO " WOODEN PARTS(KHI5) 2.0ME 3.NAGABUCHI SEMl-UNDER- PARTS (GEORGE):

80

GROUND

ASSEM8LY(K1-|I5)
(KI-II5)

4.HAIJIMA

PARTS a EQUIPMENT

5.AKIRU

6.0ZAKU

PARTS (KI-II5) SHEET METAL WORK

(KI-II5)

50 95

U.S.

STRATEGIC BOMB SURVEY

CO.

SHOWA AIRPLANE

APPENDIX E

APPENDIX F SHOWA AIRPLANE

CO.

Capacity and actual production, October 1939-August 1945

fdO

UNITED STATES STRATEGIC BOMBING SURVEY

LIST OF REPORTS

The following is a bibliography of reports resulting from the Survey's studies of the European and Pacific wars. Certain of these reports may be purchased from the Superintendent of Documents at the Government Printing Office, Wasliington, D. C. Permission to examine the remaining reports may be had by writing to the Headquarters of the Survey at Gravelly Point, Washington
25, D. C.

21

Vereinigte Deutsche Metallwerke, Hildesheim, Ger-

many
22
23

Metallgussgesellschaft

GmbH,
m

Leipzig,
2,

Germany

Aluminumwerk G Germany

b H, Plant No.

Bitterfeld,

24

Gebrueder Giulini G

b H, Ludwigshafen, Ger-

many
25

European OFFICE OF THE

1

War CHAIRMAN

26 27

G m b H, Friedrichshafen on Bodensee, Germany Wieland Werke A G, Ulm, Germany

Luftschiffbau Zeppelin

The United States Strategic Bombing Survey: Summary Report (European War) The United States Strategic Bombing Survey: Over-all Report (European War) The Effects of Strategic Bombing on the German War Economy

Rudolph Rautenbach Leiehtmetallgiessereien,

lingen,

So-

Germany

28 29

Lippewerke Vereinigte Aluminiumwerke, A G, Lunen, Germany Vereinigte Deutsche Metallwerke, Heddernheim,

Germany
30

AIRCRAFT DIVISION
4

Duerener Metallwerke & Waren, Germany

G,

Duren Witteuau-Berlin

(By Division and Branch) Aircraft Division Industry Report

Inspection Visits to Various Targets port)
(Special Re31

AREA STUDIES DIVISION

32
33

A
A

Area Studies Division Report Detailed Study of the Effects

on

of

Area Bombing

Airframes Branch
6

Hamburg

Junkers Aircraft and Aero Engine Works, Dessau,

Germany
7

10

G m b H, Heiterblick, Germany A T G Maschinenbau, G m b H, Leipzig (Mockau), Germany Gothaer Waggonfabrik, A. G. Gotha, Germany Pocke Wulf Aircraft Plant, Bremen, Germany
Erla Maschinenwerke
Overall Report

34
35 36

37 38
39

11

Messerschmitt A G, Augsburg, Germany

Part
)

A
B

Part

12

Appendices I, II, III Dornier Works, Friedrichshafen & Munich, Ger-

many
13

14

Gerhard Fieseler Werke GmbH, Kassel, Germany Wiener Neustaedter Flugzeugwerke, Wiener Neustade, Austria

Detailed Study of the Effects of Area Bombing on Wuppertal A Detailed Study of the Effects of Area Bombing on Dusseldorf A Detailed Study of the Effects of Area Bombing on Solingen A Detailed Study of the Effects of Area Bombing on Remscheid A Detailed Study of the Effects of Area Bombing on' Darmstadt A Detailed Study of the Effects of Area Bombing on Lubeck A Brief Study of the Effects of Area Bombing on Berlin, Augsburg, Bochum, Leipzig, Hagen, Dortmund, Oberhausen, Schweinfurt, and Bremen

CIVILIAN DEFENSE DIVISION

40
Civilian Defense Division

15
16

Aero Engines Branch Bussing NAG Flugmotoreuwerke G

wick,

Final

Report

b H, Bruns-

41
42
43 44

Germany

Mittel-Deutsche Motorenwerke

G m

b H, Taucha,

Cologne Field Report Bonn Field Report Hanover Field Report

Germany
17
18
19

Hamburg
hibits

Field

ReportVol.

I,

Text;

Vol. II, Ex-

Bavarian Motorworks

Inc.,

Eisenach & Durrerhof,

45

Germany
Bayerische Motorenwerke

A G (BMW)

Munich,

46

Bad Oldesloe Field Report Augsburg Field Report

Reception Areas
in

Germany
Henschel Flugmotoreuwerke, Kassel, Germany
Light Metal Branch
20

47

Bavaria,

Germany

EQUIPMENT DIVISION
Electrical

Branch

Light Metals Industry

of

Part

I,

Aluminum

48

Germany
j

p^rt n. Magnesium

49

German Electrical Equipment Industry Report Brown Boveri et Cie, Mannheim Kafertal, Germany

11

Optical and Precision Instrument Branch 50 Optical mid Precision Instrument Industry Report

82

Daimler

Benz-Gaggenau

Works,

Gaggenau,

Ger-

many
83

Maschinenfabrik

Augsburg-Nurnberg,

Nurnberg,

Abrasives Branch
51

52

The German Abrasive Industry Mayer and Schmidt, Offenbach on Main, Germany
Anti-Friction Branch

84
85 86

87
88 89 90

53

The Germany Anti-Friction Bearings Industry

Machine Tools Branch Machine Tools & Machinery as Capital Equipment Machine Tool Industry in Germany Herman Kolb Co., Cologne, Germany Collet and Engelhard, Offenbach, Germany Naxos Union, Frankfort-on-Main, Germany

A G, Chemnitz and Zwickau, Germany Henschel and Sohn, Kassel, Germany Maybach Motor Works, Friedrichshafen, Germany Voigtlander Maschinenfabrik A G, Plauen, Germany Volkswagenwerke, Fallersleben, Germany Bussing NAG, Brunswick, Germany Muehlenbau Industrie A G (Miag), Brunswick,
Germany
Friedrich

Germany Auto Union

54 55 56
57 58

91

Krupp Grusonwerke, Magdeburg, Ger-

many
Submarine Branch
92

German Submarine Industry Report

Maschinenfabrik Augsburg-Nurnberg
burg,

MILITARY ANALYSIS DIVISION

59 60
61

93 94
95

G,

Augs-

The Defeat of the German Air Force V-Weapons (Crossbow) Campaign

Air Force Rate of Operation Weather Factors in Combat Bombardment Operations in the European Theatre Bombing Accuracy, USAAF Heavy and Medium

Germany

62

96 97
98 99

Blohm and Voss Shipyards, Hamburg, Germany Deutschewerke A G, Kiel, Germany Deutsche Schiff und Maschinenbau, Bremen, Ger-

many
Friedrich Ki'upp Germaniawerft, Kiel,

63
64

Germany

Bombers

in the

ETO
Bombing

Description of
Logistics

RAF

64a The Impact of the Allied Air Effort on

German

100

Howaldtswerke A G, Hamburg, Germany Submarine Assembly Shelter, Farge, Germany Bremer Vulkan, Vegesack, Germany
Ordnance Branch Ordnance Industry Report Friedrich Krupp Grusonwerke

MORALE DIVISION
64b The Effects of Strategic Bombing on
ale (Vol.
I

101

German Mor-

102
103

G,

Magdeburg,

&

II)

Medical Branch
65

The
in

Effect of

Bombing on Health and Medical Care

104 105
106

Germany

MUNITIONS DIVISION
Heavy Industry Branch
66 67 68
69

107 108
C,

The Coking Industry Report on Germany Coking Plant Report No. 1, Sections A, B,

Germany Bochumer Verein fuer Gusstahlfabrikation A G, Bochum, Germany Henschel and Sohn, Kassel, Germany Eheinmetall-Borsig, Dusseldorf, Germany Hermann Goering Werke, Braunschweig, Hallendorf, Germany Hannoverische Maschinenbau. Hanover, Germany Gusstahlfabrik Friedrich Krupp, Essen, Germany

& D
109 110
111

OIL DIVISION
Oil Division Final

Gutehoffnungshuette, Oberhausen, Germany Friedrich-Alfred Huette, Rheinhausen, Germany

Report

Oil Division Final Report,

Appendix

70

Neunkirchen Eisenwerke

G, Neunkirchen, Ger-

Powder,' Explosives, Special Rockets and Jet Pro-

many
71

Reichswerke Hermann Goering

G,

Hallendorf,
112
113 114

Germany
72
73

War Gases and Smoke Acid (MinisReport Jl) Underground and Dispersal Plants in Greater Gerpellants.
terial

August Thyssen Huette A G, Hamborn, Germany Friedrich Krupp A G, Borbeck Plant, Essen, Ger-

many
The German
78
Oil Industry, Ministerial

Report

Team

many
74

75 76

Dortmund Hoerder Huettenverein, A G, Dortmund, Germany Hoesch A G, Dortmund, Germany Bochumer Verein fuer Gusstalilfabrikation A G, Bochum, Germany
Motor Vehicles and Tanks Branch

Ministerial Report on Chemicals

Oil Branch

115 116

Ammoniakwerke Merseburg G many 2 appendices

Braunkohle Benzin

b H, Leuna, Ger-

G,

Zeitz

and Bohlen, Ger-

many
Wintershall
117
118

77 78 79 80

German Motor Vehicles Industry Report Tank Industry Report Daimler Benz A G, Unterturkheim, Germany

G, Luetzkendorf,

Germany

81

Adam

Renault Motor Vehicles Plant, Billancourt, Paris Opel, Russelsheim, Germany

Ludwigshafen-Oppau Works of I G Farbenindustrie A G, Ludwigshafen, Germany Ruhroel Hydrogenation Plant. Bottrop-Boy, Germany, Vol. I, Vol. II

12

119
120 121
122

123 124 125

Rhenania Ossag Mineraloelwerke A G, Harburg Refinery, Hamburg, Germany Rhenania Ossag MineralcM-Iweike A G, Grasbrook Refinery, Hamburg, Germany Rhenania Ossag Mineraloelwerke A G, Wilhelmsbiirg Refinery, Hamburg, Germany Gewerkschaft Victor, Castrop-Rauxel, Germany, Vol I & Vol II Europaeische Tanklager und Transport A G, Ham-

152 153 154 155

V Weapons

in

London

City Area of Krefeld

Public Air Raid Shelters' in Germany Goldenberg Thermal Electric Power Station, Knapsack,

Germany
Germany

156
157
158 159

Brauweiler Transformer & Switching Station, Brauweiler,

Germany Ebano Asphalt Werke A burg, Germany

burg,
I

G,

Harburg Refinery, HamOil Plant

160
161

Meerbeck Rheinpreussen Synthetic

Vol

Storage Depot, Nahbollenbach, Germany Railway and Road Bridge, Bad Munster, Germany Railway Bridge, Eller, Germany Gustloff-Werke Weimar, Weimar, Germany Henschel and Sohn Kassel, Germany

GmbH,

162
163

& Vol

II

Rubber Branch
126 127 128
129

164

MAN

Area Survey at Pirmasens, Germany Haiiomag, Hanover, Germany Werke Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany

Deutsche

Dunlop

Gumnii

Co.,

Hanau on Main,
Germany

165 166 167 168

i69

Germany
Continental Gummiwerke, Hanover, Huels Synthetic Rubber Plant
Ministerial Report on

Friedrich Krupp A G, Essen, Erla Maschinenwerke,

Germany
Heiterblick. Ger-

GmbH,
m

German Rubber Industry

170
Propellants Branch

b H, Mockau, Germany Erla Maschinenwerke G m b H, Mockau, Germany Bayerische Motorenwerke, Durrerhof, Germany Mittel-Deutsche Motorenwerke Taucha,

many A T G Maschinenbau G

GmbH,

Germany
171

130
131

Elektrocheniischewerke, Munich, Germany Schoenebeck Explosive Plant, Ligiiose Sprengstoff

Submarine Pens Deutsche-Werft, Hamburg, Ger-

many
172 173 174
175

Werke
132

GmbH,

Bad Salzemen, Germany

Plants of Dynamit A G, Vormal, Alfred Nobel & Co., Troisdorf, Clausthal, Drummel and Duneberg,

Germany

133

Deutsche Sprengchemie G

b H, Kraiburg, Ger-

176 177

many

OVER-ALL ECONOMIC EFFECTS DIVISION

134

178

179 180 181

Over all Economic Effects Division Report Gross National Pi'oduct.. Special papers
Kriegseilberichte

Herman Goering Works..

Food and Agriculture

which together comprise the

above report

182
183
184

185

134a Industrial Sales Output and Productivity

186

PHYSICAL DAMAGE DIVISION

134b Physical Dama;e Division Report (ETO) 135 Villacoublay Airdrome, Paris, Prance 136 Railroad Repair Yards, Malines, Belgium
137

187

Germany Germany Kassel Marshalling Yards, Kassel, Germany Ammoniawerke, Merseburg-Leuna, Germany Brown Boveri et Cie, Mannheim, Kafertal, Germany Adam Opel A G. Russelsheim, Germany Daimler-Benz A G, Unterturkheim, Germany Valentin Submarine Assembly, Farge, Germany Volkswaggonwerke, Fallersleben, Germany Railway Viaduct at Bielefeld, Germany Ship Yards Howaldtswerke, Hamburg, Germany Blohm and Voss Shipyards, Hamburg, Germany Daimler-Benz A G, Mannheim, Germany Synthetic Oil Plant, Meerbeck-Hamburg, Germany Gewerkschaft Victor, Castrop-Rauxel, Germany Klockner Humblodt Deutz, Ulm, Germany
Ruhroel

Multi-Storied Structures, Hamburg, Continental Gummiwerke, Hanover,

188 189 190

19J 192

Hydrogenation

Plant,

Bottrop-Boy,

Ger-

many
Neukirchen Eisenwereke

G,

Neukirchen, Ger-

138
139 140 141 142 143
144 145
146 147
148

Railroad Repair Yards, Louvain, Belgium Railroad Repair Yards, Hasselt, Belgium Railroad Repair Yards, Namur, Belgium

many
Railway Viaduct at Altenbecken, Germany Railway Viaduct at Arnsburg, Germany Deurag-Nerag Refineries, Misburg, Germany Fire Raids on German Cities I G Farbendustrie, Ludwigshafen, Germany, Vol
I

Submarine Pens, Brest, France Powder Plant, Angouleme, France Powder Plant, Bergerac, Prance Coking Plants, Montiguy & Liege, Belgium Fort St. Blaise Verdun Group, Metz, France Gnome et Rhone, Limoges, France Michelin Tire Factory, Clermont-Ferrand, France Gnome et Rhone Aero Engine Factory, Le Mans, France
Kugelfischer Bearing Ball Plant, Ebelsbach, Ger-

193
194 195

& Vol

II

Roundhouse
I

in Marshalling Yard,

196 197 198

199

Farbendustrie, Leverkusen,

Chemische-Werke, Huels,

Ulm, Germany Germany Germany

Gremberg Marshalling Yard, Gremberg, Germany Locomotive Shops and Bridges at Hamm, Germany

many
149

150
151

Louis Breguet Aircraft Plant, Toulouse, France S. N. C. A. S. E. Aircraft Plant, Toulouse, F^-ance A. I. A. Aircraft Plant, Toulouse, France

TRANSPORTATION DIVISION
200
201

Transportation Division Report

Rail Operations Over the Brenner Pass

13

202
203 204

of Bombing on Railroad Installations in Regensburg, Nurnberg and Munich Divisions German Locomotive Industry During the War German Military RailroBd Traffic

Effects

Corporation Report

A'o. ///

Kawanishi Kokuki Kabushiki Kaisha)

(Airframes)
19

Kawasaki Aircraft Industries Company,

Corporatimi Report No. IV

Inc.

UTILITIES DIVISION
205

German

Electric Utilities Industry Report

(Kawasaki Kokuki
Kaisha) (Airframes & Engines)
20

Kogyo

Kabushiki

206 207
208

1 to 10 in Vol I "Utilities Division Plant Reports"

11 to 20 in Vol II "Utilities Division Plant Reports"

21 Rheinische-Westfalische Elektrizitaetswerk

A G

Aichi Aircraft

Company

War OFFICE OF THE CHAIRMAN

Pacific
1 2 3

Corporation Report No.

(Aichi Kokuki
21

KK)

(Airframes & Engines)

Summary Report
The
Effects of

Japan's Struggle to

War) End The War Atomic Bombs on Hiroshima and

(Pacific

Sumitomo Metal

Industries, Propeller Division

Corporation Report No. YI

Nagasaki

(Sumitomo Kinzoku Kogyo KK, Puropera

SeizosUo)
(Pi-opellers)

CIVILIAN STUDIES
Civilian Defense Division
4

22

Hitachi Aircraft

Company

Corporation Report No. VII

10

Report Covering Air Raid Protection Allied Subjects, Tokyo, Japan Field Report Covering Air Raid Pi'otection Allied Subjects, Nagasaki, Japan Field Report Covering Air Raid Protection Allied Subjects, Kyoto, Japan Field Report Covering Air Raid Pi'otection Allied Subjects, Kobe, Japan Field Report Covering Air Raid Protection Allied Subjects, Osaka, Japan Field Report Covering Air Raid Protection Allied Subjects, Hiroshima, Japan No. 1 Summary Report Covering Air Raid Protection
Field

and

and and
and

23

(Hitachi Kokuki KK) (Airframes & Engines) Japan International Air Industries, Ltd.

Corporation Report No. VIII

(Nippon Kokusai Koku Kogyo

24

KK)

(Airframes) Japan Musical Instrument Manufacturing Company

Corporation Report No.
(Propellers)

and

IX

(Nippon Gakki Seizo

KK)

and
25

Tachikawa Aircraft Company

Corporation Report No.

and

11

Allied Subjects in Japan Final Report Covering Air Raid Allied Subjects in Japan

Protection

and
26

(Tachikawa Hikoki KK)

(Airframes)
Fuji Airplane

Medical Division
12
13

Company

The
The

Effects

of

Bombing on Health and Medical

Corpm'ation Report No. XI

(Fuji Hikoki
27

Services in Japan
Effects of
cal

KK)

Atomic Bombs on Health and MediServices in Hiroshima and Nagasaki

Morale Division

Showa

(Airframes) Airplane Company

Corporation Report No. XII

Jajianese
28

14

The

Effects

of

Strategic

Bombing on

(Showa Hikoki Kogyo KK)

(Airframes)
Ishikawajima;' Aircraft Industries Company, Ltd.

Morale

ECONOMIC STUDIES
Aircraft Division

Corporation Report No. XIII

(Ishikawajima
Kaisha)

Koku Kogyo Kabushiki

15 16

The Japanese Aircraft Industry Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd.

29

(Engines)

Nippon Airplane Company

Corporation Report No.

Corporation Report No. I

(Mitsubishi Jukogyo
17

KK)

(Airframes & Engines)

Nakajima Aircraft Company,

'(Nakajima Hikoki

Ltd.

(Nippon Hikoki (Airframes)

30

XIV KK)

Corporation Report Xo. II

Kyushu Airplane Company

Corporation Report No.

KK)

XV

(Airframes & Engines)

18

(Kyushu Hikoki KK)

(Airframes)

Kawanishi Aircraft Company

14

ai

Shoda EngineeriiiK Company

Corporation licport .Yo. A'17 (Shoda Seisakujo)

56 57

Effects of Air Attack on

Urban Complex Tokyo-

Kawasaki-Yokohama
58 59
60
Effects of Air Attack on the City of Nagoya Effects of Air Attack on Osaka-Kobe-Kyoto Effects of Air Attack on the City of Nagasaki
Effects of Air Attack

(Components)
32

Mitaka Aiicraft Industries Cori)oration Report Xo. XVII Mitaka Koku Kogyo Kabiishiki Kaisha) (Components)
Nissan Automobile Company Corporation Report No. XVIII (Nissan Jidoslia KK) (Engines)

on the City of Hiroshima

MILITARY STUDIES
Military Analysis Division

33

61

Air Forces Allied with the United States in the Against Japan

War

34

Army

Air Arsenal & Navy Air Depots

62 63
64

Japanese Air Power Japanese Air Weapons and Tactics The Effect of Air Action on Japanese Ground
Logistics

Corporation Report No.

35

XIX

(Airframes and Engines)

Army

Japan Aircraft Underground Report Xo. XX

65 66

Employment
cific

of Forces

Under the Southwest Pa-

Command

Basic Materials Division

30 37

Coal and Metals in Japan's

War Economy
67

The Strategic Air Operations of Very Heavy Bombardment in the War Against Japan (Twentieth
Air Force) Air Operations
II

Capital Goods, Equipment and Construction Division

38
39

The Japanese Constructi<m Industry Japanese Electrical Equipment The Japanese Machine Building Industry
Electric

in

China, Burma, India

World War

68
69

Power Division
of
of

40
41

The Electric Power Industry The Electric Power Industry

ports )

Japan Japan (Plant Re-

70
71

The Air Transport Command in the War A^gainst Japan The Thirteenth Air Force in the War Against The Seventh and Eleventh Air Forces in the War Against Japan The Fifth Air Force in the War Against Japan
Naval Analysis Division

42

Manpower, Food and Civilian Supplies Division The Japanese Wartime Standard of Living and
Utilization of

Manpower

72

Military Supplies Division

73
74

43
44

45 46 47

48

Japanese Japanese Japanese Japanese Japanese Japanese

War

Production Industries

Naval Ordnance Army Ordnance Naval Shipbuilding Motor Vehicle Industry Merchant Shipbuilding
Oil and Chemical Division

75 76

77 78
79

The Interrogations of Japanese Officials (Vols. I and II) Campaigns of the Pacific War The Reduction of Wake Island The Allied Campaign Against Rabaul The American Campaign Against Wotje, Maloelap, Mille, and Jaluit (Vols. 1, II and III) The Reduction of Truk The Offensive Mine Laying Campaign Against Japan
Report of Ships Bombardment Survey Party Foreword, Introduction, Conclusions, and General

49

50 51 52

Chemicals in Japan's Chemicals in Japan's

Oil in Japan's
Oil in Japan's

War

War Appendix
SO
81

Summary
Report of Ships Bombardment Survey Party (Enclosure A), Kamaishi Area Report of Ships Bombardment Survey Party (Enclosure B),
82 83 84 85

War War- Appendix

Overall Economic Effects Division

53

Hamamatsu Area

The

Bombing on Japan's War Economy (Including Appendix A: U. S. Economic Intelligence on Japan Analysis and Comparison;
Effects of Strategic

Appendix B: Gross National Product on Japan and Its Components; Appendix C: Statistical
Sources).
Transportation Division
54

The War Against Japanese Transportation,

1945

1941-

86

Report of Ships Bombardment Survey Party (Enclosure C), Hitachi Area Report of Ships Bombardment Survey Party (Enclosure D), Hakodate Area Report of Ships Bombardment Survey Party (Enclosure E), Muroran Area Report of Ships Bombardment Survey Party (Enclosure F), Shimizu Area Report of Ships Bombardment Survey Party (Enclosures G and H), Shionomi-Saki and NojimaSaki Areas Report of Ships Bombardment Survey Party (Enclosure I), Comments and Data on Effectiveness
of

Urban Areas
55

Division

87

Effects of Air Attack on Japanese

Urban Economy

(Summary

Repo'rt)

Ammunition

15

89

Report of Ships Bombardment Survey Party (Enclosure J), Comments and Data on Accuracy of Firing Reports of Sliips Bombardment Survey Party (Enclosure K), Effects of Surface Bombardments on Japanese War Potential
Physical

Japanese Homeland, Part

port
99

I,

Comprcheiisive Re-

100

Evaluation Japanese Evaluation Japanese

Plotting

of of

Photographic
II,

Intelligence
Airftrlda

in
in

the

Homeland. Part

Photographic

Intelligence
III,

the

Homeland, Part

Cumpiitrd Bomt)

Damage

Division

101

90
91

Effect of the Incendiary

Bomb

Attacks on Japan (a
102

Evaluation of Photographic Intelligence in the Japanese Homeland, Part IV, Urban Area Anal2/sis

Report on Eight Cities)

92
93

Ten Thousand Pound Bomb on Japanese Targets (a Report on Nine Incidents) Effects of the Atomic Bomb on Hiroshima, Japan

The

Effects of the

Evaluation of Photographic Intelligence Japanese Homeland, Part V, Camouflat/e

in

the

103

Effects of the

94 95

Effects of Effects oj

Atomic Bomb on Nagasaki, Japan the Four Thousand Pound Bomb on Japa-

Evaluation of Photographic Intelligence Japanese Homeland, Part VI, Shipping

in

the

104

nese Targets (a Report on Five Incidents)

Evaluation of Photographic Intelligence in Japanese Homeland, Part VII, Electronics

Evaluation of Photographic Intelligence Japanese Homeland, Part VIII, Beach grnce Evaluation of Photographic Intelligence Japanese Homeland, Part IX, Artillery
in

the

Two Thousand, One Thousand, and Five Hundred Pound Bombs on Japanese Targets (a
in

105

the

InteUi-

96

Report on Eight Incidents) Report on Physical Damage Report)

G-2 Division

Japan (Summary

106

in

the

107
97

98

Japanese Military and Naval Intelligence Evaluation of Photogi-aphic Intelligence

108
in

the

Evaluation of Photogi'aphic Intelligence in the Japanese Homeland, Part X, Roails and Raih-oads Evaluation of Photographic Intelligence in the Japanese Homeland, Part XI, Industrial Analysis

*u.s. GOVERNMENT PRINTING

OFFICE: 1946-

16