MdN INFO SERVICES

VOL II

© 2006 Marathi.Net

PDF Created
By

Gautam Soman

For

Marathi.Net
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/marathidtnet
Hi,
Well, Marathi.Net being an open, non-focussed forum, our members post a variety of
stuff. We have decided to compile it in the form of consolidated documents, the series being
titled as MdN Info Services, or M.I.S. for short.
This is the second volume in this series, and we have focused more on useful tips and
informative articles.
Article Page No Article Page No
Telephone Interviews 3 Making Firefox Faster 37
Foxit PDF Reader For Windows 4 Tips For Earthquake Safety 38
The Making Of Infosys 5 How To Control Your Temper 39
Where Is The Real India? 10 Hindi Songs Based On Ragas 41
Some Heart Care Tips 11 File Name Extensions 54
Cooking Tips 16 Narayan Murthy's Speech 66
Tips For Writing Winning Resumes 17 The Singularity Of Thoughts 67
Saving Money 19 Disable A Stolen Mobile Phone? 68
How A Credit Card Works?? 20 Pythagoras Theorwm 69
Personal Effectiveness 21 Muhurta 70
History Of Words 22 Kolkata 71
The 90/10 Principle 23 Religion And Population? 72
Technical Questions 24 Rural Uplift Or Urbanisation? 73
Brain Damaging Habits 25 Trivia 74
Security Tips 26 Understanding It Thru Code ! 77
Computing Tips 27 The Boss 78
Google History 30 Kalchakra Aani Kaal-Nirnay 80

Following people have contributed the above mentioned matter.

Amit Rajput Aparna Lalingkar
Gautam Soman Kaunteya Deshpande
Milind Thombare Onkar Joshi
Nikhil Kulkarni Nilesh Deshpande
Ravindra Datar Radhika Singbal
Sachin Joshi Sanjay Pethe
Santosh Navare Tushar Joshi
Vaibhav Malse Varsha Jain

We@MdN Thank You All For Your Informative and Interesting Contributions.

Yours,
Gautam Soman,
For Marathi.Net Team.

*****

-2-
Telephone Interviews
Many employers conduct telephone interviews to screen candidates for basic qualifications. It is
also an alternative when it is not practical to invite an out-of-area candidate to the office.
Telephone interviews can be challenging because it is more difficult to gain rapport with the
interviewer because you cannot see the interviewer's non-verbal reactions and cues. Conversely,
the interviewer cannot see your enthusiastic expressions or professional appearance. This places
all the weight on your phone manners, clarity of speech, voice tone and the content of your
answers.
Here is a quick tip list for excelling at a telephone interview:
• Treat the phone interview as you would a face-to-face interview.
• Select a quiet, private room with a telephone in good working condition.
• Conduct a mock telephone interview with a friend to gain feedback on your voice quality
and speech.
• Before the interview, prepare talking points for the call including value you bring to the
company and specific questions.
• Arrange the following items: your resume, cover letter, copy of application if you
submitted one, highlights of corporate information and brief talking points.
• Dress in business attire.
• Breathe deeply and relax. Speak slowly, clearly and with purpose. Smile, it changes your
speech and the person on the other end can sense it.
• Write down the full names and titles of each call participant. Take notes when
appropriate.
• Be courteous and try not to speak over the interviewer. If you do, apologize and let the
interviewer continue.
• Support your statements with detailed examples of accomplishments when possible. It is
easy for someone to get distracted on a phone call, so paint a vivid picture to keep the
interviewer interested.
• Explain any pauses in your speech to ponder a question or take notes. If you think of a
question or comment while the interviewer is speaking, jot a note on your talking points
list, so you remember it later.
• During the interview, if the interviewer inadvertently answers a question from your
prepared list, cross it off. If you forget and ask it, it will seem as if you were not listening.
• Offer to provide additional information or answer other questions.
• Use your talking points list of specific skills and accomplishments; cross them off as you
work them into the conversation. At the end, if you have some uncrossed items, you
might say something like, "I thought you might be interested to know I led a major
conversion project, quite similar to what you are planning. I managed a $2.5 million
budget and completed it 45 days early, saving over $48,000."
• Before ending the call, be sure you know the next step in the process, and offer to provide
any additional information needed.
• Do not hang up until the interviewer has hung up.
Promptly send a formal follow-up / thank you letter, just as you would for a face-to-face
interview.

*****

-3-
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(mentioned below) where you can register and avail the facility whenever required. Those who
are having -ve blood group can register here. You can register for others also. Please pass on this
URL to as many people as possible since many of them do not have an idea about this site.
Register here for tomorrow's need. Be a DONOR, save a life.

URL : <http://www.negativegroups.org/>
Useful for first time donors...
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FAQ's : <http://www.rotarybloodbank.org/faqs/faqsindx.htm>
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someone would definitely be in need of this.

*****

-4-
THE MAKING OF INFOSYS
it was in pune that i met narayan murty through my friend prasanna who is now the wipro chief,
who was also training in telco. most of the books that prasanna lent me had murty's name on
them which meant that i had a preconceived image of the man. contrary to expectation, murty
was shy, bespectacled and an introvert. when he invited us for dinner. i was a bit taken aback as i
thought the young man was making a very fast move. i refused since i was the only girl in the
group. but murty was relentless and we all decided to meet for dinner the next day at 7.30 p.m. at
green fields hotel on the main road,pune.

the next day i went there at 7' o clock since i had to go to the tailor near the hotel. and what do i
see? mr. murty waiting in front of the hotel and it was only seven. till today, murty maintains
that i had mentioned (consciously!) that i would be going to the tailor at 7 so that i could meet
him...and i maintain that i did not say any such thing consciously or unconsciously because i did
not think of murty as anything other than a friend at that stage. we have agreed to disagree on
this matter.

soon, we became friends. our conversations were filled with murty's experiences abroad and the
books that he has read. my friends insisted that murty was trying to impress me because he was
interested in me.i kept denying it till one fine day, after dinner murty said, i want to tell you
something. i knew this was it. it was coming. he said, i am 5'4" tall. i come from a lower middle
class family. i can never become rich in my life and i can never give you any riches. you are
beautiful, bright, and intelligent and you can get anyone you want.but will you marry me? i
asked murty to give me some time for an answer. my father didn't want me to marry a wannabe
politician,(a communist at that) who didn't have a steady job and wanted to build an orphanage...

when i went to hubli i told my parents about murty and his proposal. my mother was positive
since murty was also from karnataka, seemed intelligent and comes from a good family. but my
father asked: what's his job, his salary, his qualifications etc? murty was working as a research
assistant and was earning less than me. he was willing to go dutch with me on our outings. my
parents agreed to meet murty in pune on a particular day at10 a. m sharp. murty did not turn up.
how can i trust a man to take care of my daughter if he cannot keep an appointment,asked my
father.at 12noon murty turned up in a bright red shirt! he had gone on work to bombay, was
stuck in a traffic jam on the ghats, so he hired a taxi(though it was very expensive for him) to
meet his would-be father-in-law. father was unimpressed. my father asked him what he wanted
to become in life. murty said he wanted to become a politician in the communist party and
wanted to open an orphanage. my father gave his verdict. no. i don't want my daughter to marry
somebody who wants to become a communist and then open an orphanage when he himself
didn't have money to support his family. ironically, today, i have opened many orphanages
something, which murty wanted to do 25 years ago.

by this time i realized i had developed a liking towards murty which could only be termed as
love. i wanted to marry murty because he is an honest man. he proposed to me highlighting the
negatives in his life. i promised my father that i will not marry murty without his blessings
though at the same time, i cannot marry anybody else. my father said he would agree if murty
promised to take up a steady job. but murty refused saying he will not do things in life because
somebody wanted him to. so, i was caught between the two most important people in my life. the

-5-
stalemate continued for three years during which our courtship took us to every restaurant and
cinema hall in pune. in those days, murty was always broke. moreover, he didn't earn much to
manage. ironically today, he manages infosys technologies ltd.,one of the world's most reputed
companies. he always owed me money. we used to go for dinner and he would say, i don't have
money with me, you pay my share, i will return it to you later. for three years i maintained a
book on murty's debt to me.

no, he never returned the money and i finally tore it up after my wedding.
the amount was a little over rs 4000. during this interim period murty quit his job as research
assistant and started his own software business. now, i had to pay his salary too!
towards the late 70s computers were entering india in a big way. during the fag end of 1977
murty decided to take up a job as general manager at patni computers in bombay. but before he
joined the company he wanted to marry me since he was to go on training to the us after joining.
my father gave in as he was happy murty had a decent job, now. we were married in
murty's house in bangalore on february 10, 1978 with only our two families present.i got my first
silk sari. the wedding expenses came to only rs 800 (us $17) with murty and i pooling in rs 400
each.

i went to the us with murty after marriage. murty encouraged me to see america on my own
because i loved travelling. i toured america for three months on backpack and had interesting
experiences which will remain fresh in my mind forever. like the time when the new york police
took me into custody because they thought i was an italian trafficking drugs in harlem. or the
time when i spent the night at the bottom of the grand canyon with an old couple.
murty panicked because he couldn't get a response from my hotel room even at midnight. he
thought i was either killed or kidnapped. in 1981 murty wanted to start infosys. he had a vision
and zero capital...initially i was very apprehensive about murty getting into business. we did not
have any business background. moreover we were living a comfortable life in bombay with a
regular pay check and i didn't want to rock the boat. but murty was passionate about creating
good quality software. i decided to support him. typical of murty, he just had a dream and no
money. so i gave him rs 10,000 which i had saved for a rainy day, without his knowledge and
told him, this is all i have. take it. i give you three years sabbatical leave. i will take care of the
financial needs of our house. you go and chase your dreams without any worry. but you have
only three years! murty and his six colleagues started infosys in 1981,with enormous interest and
hard work. in 1982 i left telco and moved to pune with murty.we bought a small house on loan
which also became the infosys office.i was a clerk-cum-cook-cum-programmer. i also took up a
job as senior systems analyst with walchand group of industries to support the house.

in 1983 infosys got their first client, mico, in bangalore. murty moved to bangalore and stayed
with his mother while i went to hubli to deliver my second child, rohan. ten days after my son
was born, murty left for the us on project work. i saw him only after a year, as i was unable to
join murty in the us because my son had infantile eczema, an allergy to vaccinations.
so for more than a year i did not step outside our home for fear of my son contracting an
infection. it was only after rohan got all his vaccinations that i came to bangalore where we
rented a small house in jayanagar and rented another house as infosys headquarters.my father
presented murty a scooter to commute. I once again became a cook at home, programmer, clerk,
secretary, as well as played the role of an ordinary office assistant..

-6-
nandan nilekani (md of infosys) and his wife rohini stayed with us. while rohini babysat my son,
i wrote programs for infosys. there was no car, no phone, and just two kids and a bunch of us
working hard, juggling our lives and having fun while infosys was taking shape. it was not only
me but also the wives of other partners too who gave their unstinted support.we all knew that
our men were trying to build something good.it was like a big joint family,taking care and
looking out for one another.

i still remember sudha gopalakrishna looking after my daughter akshata with all care and love
while kumari shibulal cooked for all of us. murty made it very clear that it would either be me or
him working at infosys. never the two of us together... i was involved with infosys initially.
nandan nilekani suggested i should be on the board but murty said he did not want a husband and
wife team at infosys. i was shocked since i had the relevant experience and technical
qualifications. he said, sudha if you want to work with infosys, i will withdraw, happily. i was
pained to know that i will not be involved in the company my husband was building and that i
would have to give up a job that i am qualified to do and love doing. it took me a couple of days
to grasp the reason behind murty's request. i realized that to make infosys a success one had to
give one's 100 percent. one had to be focussed on it alone with no other distractions.if the two of
us had to give 100 percent to infosys then what would happen to our home and our children? one
of us had to take care of our home while the other took care of infosys. i opted to be a
homemaker, after all infosys was murty's dream. it was a big sacrifice but it was one that had to
be made. even today, murty says, sudha, i stepped on your career to make mine. you are
responsible for my success. i might have given up my career for my husband's sake. but that does
not make me a doormat...

many think that i have been made the sacrificial lamb at narayan murty's altar of success. a few
women journalists have even accused me of setting a wrong example by giving up my dreams to
make my husbands a reality. isn't freedom about living your life the way you want it? what is
right for one person might be wrong for another. it is up to the individual to make a choice that
is effective in her life. i feel that when a woman gives up her right to choose for herself is when
she crosses over from being an individual to a doormat.murty's dreams encompassed not only
himself but a generation of people. it was about founding something worthy, exemplary and
honorable. it was about creation and distribution of wealth. his dreams were grander than my
career plans, in all aspects.

so, when i had to choose between murty's career and mine, i opted for what i thought was a right
choice. we had a home and two little children. measles, mumps, fractures, pta meetings,
wants and needs of growing children do not care much for grandiose dreams.
they just needed to be attended to. somebody had to take care of it all.somebody hadto stay back
to create a home base that would be fertile for healthy growth,happiness, and more dreams
to dream. i became that somebody willingly. i can confidently say that if i had had a dream like
infosys, murty would have given me his unstinted support. the roles would have been reversed.
we are not bound by the archaic rules of marriage. i cook for him but i don't wait up to serve
dinner like a traditional wife. so, he has no hassles about heating up the food and having his
dinner.he does not intrude into my time especially when i am writing my novels. he does not
interfere in my work at the infosys foundation and i don't interfere with the running of infosys.i
teach computer science to mba and mca students at christ college for a few hours every week and

-7-
i earn around rs 50,000 a year. i value this financial independence greatly though there is no need
for me to pursue a teaching career. murty respects that. i travel all over the world without murty
because he hates travelling. we trust each other implicitly.

we have another understanding too.while he earns the money, i spend it, mostly through the
charity.philanthropy is a profession and an art... the infosys foundation was born in 1997 with the
sole objective of uplifting the less- privileged sections of society.in the past three years we have
built hospitals, orphanages,rehabilitation centres, school buildings, science centres and morethan
3500 libraries. our work is mainly in the rural areas amongst women and children. i am one of
the trustees and our activities span six states including karnataka, tamil nadu, andhra, orissa,
chandigarh and
maharashtra.
the greatest difficulty in having money is teaching your children the value of it and trying to keep
them on a straight line.... bringing up children in a moneyed atmosphere is a difficult task. even
today i think twice if i have to spend rs 10 on an auto when i can walk up to my house. cannot
expect my children to do the same. they have seen money from the time they were born. but we
can lead by example. when they see murty wash his own plate after eating and clean the two
toilets in the house everyday they realize that no work is demeaning irrespective of how rich you
are. i don't have a maid at home because
i don't see the need for one. when children see both parents working hard,
living a simple life, most of the time they tend to follow.this doesn't mean we expect our children
to live an austere life. my children buy what they want and go where they want but they have to
follow certain rules.they will have to show me a bill for whatever they buy. my daughter can buy
five new outfits but she has to give away five old ones. my son can go out with his friends for
lunch or dinner but if he wants to go to a five star hotel, we discourage it.
or we accompany him.so far my children haven't given me any heartbreak. they are
good children. my eldest daughter is studying abroad, whereas my son is studying in bangalore.
they don't use their father's name in vain. if asked, they only say that his name is murty and he
works for infosys.
they don't want to be recognized and appreciated because of their father or me but for
themselves.
i don't feel guilty about having money for we have worked hard for it. but i don't feel
comfortable flaunting it...it is a conscious decision on our part to live a simple, so- called middle
class life.we live in the same two- bedroom, sparsely furnished house before infosys became a
success. our only extravagance is buying books and cds. my house has no lockers for i have no
jewels. i
wear a stone earring which i bought in bombay for rs 100. i don't even wear my mangalsutra
until i attend some family functions or i am with my mother-in-law. i am not fond of jewellery or
saris. five years ago, i went to kashi where tradition demands that you give up something and i
gave up shopping. since then i haven't bought myself a sari or gone shopping. it is my friends
who gift me with saris. murty bought me a sari a long time ago. it was not to my taste and i told
him to refrain from buying saris for me in the future. i am no good at selecting men's clothes
either. it is my daughter who does the shopping for us.i still have the same sofa at home which
my daughter wants to change. however, we have indulged ourselves with each one having their
own music system and computer. i don't carry a purse and neither does murty most of the time. i
do tell him to keep some small change with him but he doesn't. i borrow money from my

-8-
secretary or my driver if i need cash. they know my habit so they always carry extra cash with
them. but i settle the accounts every evening.
murty and i are very comfortable with our lifestyle and we don't see the need to change it. now
that we have money.

murty and i are two opposites that complement each other... murty is sensitive and romantic in
his own way. he always gifts me books addressed to from me to you. or to the person i most
admire etc. we both love books. we are both complete opposites. i am an extrovert and he is an
introvert. i love watching movies and listening to classical music.murty loves listening to english
classical music.i go out for movies with my students and secretary every other week. i am still
young at heart. i really enjoyed watching "kaho na pyaar hai" and i am a hrithik roshan fan. it has
been more than 20 years since murty and i went for a movie. my daughter once gave us a
surprise by booking tickets for "titanic". since i had a prior engagement that day, murty went for
the movie with his secretary pandu. i love travelling whereas murty loves spending time at home.
friends come and go with the share prices...

even in my dreams, i did not expect infosys to grow like the way it has. i don't think even murty
envisioned this phenomenal success, at least not in 1981. after infosys went public in 1993, we
became what people would call as rich, moneyed people. i was shocked to see what was
happening to infosys and to us. suddenly you see and hear about so much money. your name
and photo is splashed in the papers. people talk about you. it was all new to me.

suddenly i have people walking up to me saying, oh, we were such good friends, we had a meal
25 years ago. they claim to have been present at our wedding (which is an utter lie because only
my family was present at my wedding). i don't even know all these people who claim to know
murty and me so well. but that doesn't mean i don't have true friends. i do have genuine friends, a
handful, who have been with me for a very long time. my equation with these people has not
changed and vices versa. i am also very close to narayan murty's family, especially my sister-in-
law kamala murty, a schoolteacher, who is more of a dear friend to me. i have discovered that
these are the few relationships and friendships that don't fluctuate depending on the price of
infosys shares . have i lost my identity as a woman, in murty's shadow?... no. i might be mrs.
narayan murty. i might be akshata and rohan's mother. i might be the trustee of infosys
foundation. but i am still sudha.. i play different roles like all women. that doesn't mean we don't
have our own identity.

women have that extra quality of adaptability and learn to fit into different shoes. but we are our
own selves still. and we have to exact our freedom by making the right choices in our lives,
dictated by us and not by the world.

SUDHA MURTHY

*****

-9-
Where is the real India?
By: Nandita Puri

---------------------------------
Recently, at a book reading, author Amitav Ghosh bemoaned the fact that there
is no place for rural India in literature and cinema. In fact, I would add,
in most other artistic and cultural fields too.

Ghosh can complain because he is one of the few urban writers who have off
and on dwelled on rural India, especially as is evident in his latest novel,
The Hungry Tide. Not only has he written about the fisherfolk of the
Sunderbans (in West Bengal), but whilst researching for the book, he actually
lived amongst the villagers to tell their tales.

Amitav Ghosh is one of the few urban writers who have dwelled on rural
IndiaAgreed, that over a period, contemporary India has emerged as an
indigenous culture and it has become quite common to cite the foreign origin
of an idea or a tradition and therefore the general tendency is to cater to
urban India, which, unfortunately has overgrown its use.

But we cannot forget the fact that there are more people who inhabit semi
rural and rural India, than its urban or semi urban counterpart (in spite of
the latter’s alarming growth rate).

India has always had a very rich urban tradition, starting from the
Mohenjodaro and Harappa days. Obviously, our advance in science, mathematics
and medicine (Aryabhatta or Charaka) was at par with any ancient progressive
civilization of the day.

Some of the best litterateurs, artists and musicians (be it Kalidasa or

Tansen) obviously were not village bumpkins. They were patronised by the
royal courts. Nor did the progressive women of the day (the forerunners of
the modern feminists) like Lopamudra and others come from a rural background.

Bharat or modern India as we see it today has been an amalgamation of

various, civilizations, ethnic groups, cultures and religions. And yet for
centuries both urban and rural arts have existed harmoniously.

Be it through our folk music, or folk art, traditions have been handed down
through generations like precious heirlooms. But again, like most cultures,
things tend to deteriorate or drift, whichever way we may look at it. But the
basic essence needs to survive the onslaught of civilization.

Even in the last century, Indian literature contained rich rural themes in
the writings of urban authors (from Tagore to Premchand). Either in the
settings or the flavour, there was another side of India that was portrayed.
Unfortunately, today there are very few (mainly regional) authors who dwell
on rural and semi urban-rural themes.

Even writers writing in regional languages prefer to write for their

vernacular urban audience. Nor are we the target or “niche” readers or
audience interested in what is happening beyond our multiplex culture.

Partly, we are to blame for our total lack of interest in our culture and
tradition (which is beyond Dhanteras shopping and Diwali pujas) and partly,
the media — mainly television — which is feeding urban trash to the in the
name of modernity and progression, which we and the rest of our countrymen

- 10 -
can do without. It is time to start the Festival Of India (initiated by
Indira Gandhi to promote Indian culture abroad) in India itself.

Otherwise, the only knowledge of rural India the next generation will have is
through Lalu’s fodder scam.

Indian culture has evolved and has a certain heterodoxy like Satyajit Ray’s
cinema. So time now to think and act and enrich our arts with the goodness of
both urban and rural culture that is India.

*****

Here Are Some Heart Care Tips : By Dr. Devi Prasad Shetty....A leading Heart
Surgeon in India

Q. What are five thumb rules for a layman to take care of his heart?
Ans. 1. Diet – Less of carbohydrate, more of protein, less oil.
2. Exercise – half an hour’s walk, at least five days a week. Avoid
lifts and avoid sitting for a long time.
3. Quit smoking
4. Control weight
5. Control blood pressure and sugar.

Q. Is eating non-veg food (fish) good for the heart? Ans. No

Q. It’s still a grave shock to hear that some apparently healthy person
get a cardiac arrest. How do we understand it in perspective?
Ans. This is called silent attack. That is why, we recommend everyone
past the age of 30 to undergo routine health check-ups.

Q. Are heart diseases hereditary? Ans. Yes

Q. What are the ways in which the heart is stressed? What practices do
you suggest to de-stress?
Ans. Change your attitude towards life. Do not look for perfection in
everything in life.
Q. Is walking better than jogging or is more intensive exercise required to
keep a healthy heart?
Ans. Walking is better than jogging since jogging leads to early fatigue and
injury to joints.

Q. Can people with low blood pressure suffer heart diseases?

Ans. Extremely rare.

Q. Does cholesterol accumulate right from an early age (I’m currently

only 22) or do you have to worry about it only after you are above 30
years of age?
Ans. Cholesterol accumulates from childhood.

Q. How do irregular eating habits affect the heart?

Ans. You tend to eat junk food when the habits are irregular and your
body’s enzyme releases for digestion gets confused.

Q. Can a healthy person without a medical history have a heart attack

due to stress?
Ans. Extremely rare

- 11 -
Q. How can I control cholesterol content without using medicines?
Ans. Control diet, walk and eat walnut.

Q. Can yoga prevent heart ailments? Ans. Yoga helps

Q. which is the best and worst food for the heart?

Ans. Best food is fruits, worst are oils.

Q. If a person has undergone angioplasty, what are the chances of the

stent getting displaced?
Ans. Stent doesn’t get displaced. It can get blocked. You could prevent
it by controlling sugar, cholesterol and taking medication to prevent
clots.

Q. Do negative emotions depression/anger always cause heart disease?

Ans. Not always. On the other hand, positive emotions help recovery of
the heart.

Q. I have read about music therapy for the heart and the mind. What is
your opinion on this? Ans. Guess, it helps.

Q. Which oil is better – gingili, groundnut, sunflower, saffola, olive?

Ans. All oils are bad. The so-called best oil company has the largest
marketing budget.

Q. What is the routine check-up one should go through? Is there any

specific test?
Ans. Routine blood test to ensure sugar, cholesterol is ok. Check BP,
Treadmill test after an echo.

Q. What are the first aid steps to be taken on a heart attack ?

A. Help the person into a sleeping position, put an Aspirin tablet
under the tongue with a Sorbitrate tablet if available, and rush him to
coronary care unit since the maximum casualty takes place within the first
hour.
Q. How do you differentiate between pain caused by a heart attack and
that cause due to gastric trouble ?
Ans. Extremely difficult without ECG.

Q. Can drinking less water lead to heart problems ?

Ans. No. However, drinking plenty of water in normal people helps
preserve good health.

Q. Is it true that diabetic women seem to have 3 to 7 times greater risk of

developing heart diseases than non-diabetic women? Is it the same with high
BP patients as well ?
A. Women are protected by the hormones till the age of 45. After that,
their risk increases like men and in general, the result of treatment
on heart patients who are women is slightly poorer than men.

Q. What are some of the precautions during pregnancy to avoid heart

problems in the new born ?
Ans. German measles, which causes congenital abnormalities in the babies. No
smoking.

Q. What is the main cause of a steep increase in heart problems amongst

youngsters? I see people of about 30-40 years of age having heart attacks and

- 12 -
serious heart problems.
Ans. Increased awareness has increased incidents. Also, sedentary
lifestyles, smoking, junk food, lack of exercise in a country where people
are genetically three times more vulnerable for heart attacks than Europeans
and Americans.

Q. What is the right time to check the BP in any person?

Ans. Past the age of 30 and earlier, if you have symptoms.

Q. Is it possible for a person for a person to have BP outside the

normal range of 120/80 and yet to be perfectly healthy ?
Ans. Yes

Q. Are there symptoms for heart problems which we need to be aware of ?

Ans. Shortness of breath on exertion, and chest pain.

Q. If a person has had a heart attack, how frequently is regular heart

check-up recommend? Ans. Once in 6 months.

Q. Marriages within close relatives can lead to heart problems for the
child. Is it true?
Ans. Yes, co-sanguinity leads to congenital abnormalities and you may not
have a software engineer as a child.

Q. Many of us have an irregular daily routine and many a time we have to stay
in office till late nights. Does this affect our heart? What
precautions would you recommend?
Ans. When you are young, nature protects you against all these
irregularities. However, as you grow older, respect the biological clock.

Q. How can we find out about blockage of arteries, beforehand?

Ans. Routine cardiac evaluation by blood test, ECGs, TMTs, Stress
Thallium Scan, Cardiac CT Scan for Calcium score.

Q. Does recurring pain in eft arm signify any heart related ailment?
Ans. Usually, you get chest discomfort or shortness of breath, months or
years before the heart attack. So, when in doubt, go for a heart
check-up, which should not take more than a couple of hours.

Q. Will taking anti-hypertensive drugs cause some other complications

(short/long term) ?
Ans. Yes, most drugs have some side effects. However, modern
anti-hypertensive drugs are extremely safe.

Q. Will consuming more coffee/tea lead to heart attacks? Ans. No

Q. What are the chances of lean people developing heart complications? Are
they at less risk?
Ans. Obese people are at a higher risk. Lean people also develop heart
attacks, but primarily because of genetic predisposition.

Q. Is it true that after open-heart surgery, patients lose memory-recall to

some extent?
Ans. No. Especially after bypass grafting on a beating heart, incidence
of neurological problems have come down significantly.

Q. Are Asthma patients more prone to heart disease? Ans. No

- 13 -
Q. How would you define junk food?
Ans. Fried food like Kentucky, McDonalds, Samosas, and even Masala Dosas.

Q. You mentioned that Indians are three times more vulnerable. What is the
reason for this,as Europeans n Americans also eat lot of junk food?
Ans. Every race is vulnerable to some disease and unfortunately Indians are
vulnerable for the most expensive disease.

Q. Does consuming bananas help reduce hypertension? Ans. No

Q. Is there any cure for chronic palpitations?

Ans. The patient should be investigated and if there is a cause for
palpitation like an electrical abnormality of the heart, this can be
rectified by a procedure called radio-frequency-ablation.

Q. How would you rate health facilities currently available in India?

Ans. There are institutions, which are as good or even better than the
one in the US and Europe. However, they are exceptions. In general, the
qualities of health-care available to the masses are poor.

Q. If there is a small hole in the heart, what are the possible ways of
curing it? Is operation the only solution?
Ans. Small holes in children less than 6 months of age usually closes.
But the decision not to operate should be taken by the specialists who
are experts in treating children with heart problems.

Q. Are emotions really controlled by heart?

Ans. No. The heart is just a slave of the brain and it is the brain,
which controls the emotions.

Q. If a person does not do any physical exercise, he is bound to have

shortness of breath on exertion; say climbing stairs. Is this an
indication of heart disease?
Ans. No. But if one has difficulty in breathing on mild exertion, it is
better to go for a heart check-up.

Q. Can a person help himself during a heart attack?

Ans. Yes. Lie down comfortably and put an aspirin tablet of any
description under the tongue and ask someone to take you to the nearest
coronary-care-unit without any delay and do not wait for the ambulance since
most of the time, the ambulance does not turn up.

Q.Do low white-blood-cells,low hemoglobin-count lead to heart problems?

Ans. No. But it is ideal to have normal hemoglobin level to increase your
exercise capacity.

Q. Sometimes, due to the hectic schedule, we are not able to exercise. So,
does walking while doing daily chores at home or climbing the stairs in the
house, work as a substitute for exercise?
Ans. Certainly. Avoid sitting continuously for more than half an hour and
even the act of getting out of the chair and going to another chair and
sitting helps a lot.

Q. Is there a relation between heart problems and blood sugar?

Ans. Yes. A strong relationship is there since diabetics are more
vulnerable to heart attacks than non-diabetics.

- 14 -
Q. Do bypass surgeries reduce the risk of future heart attacks ?
Ans. It significantly reduces the risk of heart attack.

Q. What are things one needs to take care of after a heart operation?
Ans. Diet, exercise, drugs on time. Control Cholesterol, BP and weight.

Q. Are people working on night shifts more vulnerable to heart disease

when compared to day shift workers? Ans. No.

Q. Can you brief us about angina attack? How major it is?

Ans. Angina is the pain, which comes on exertion and goes away with rest and
medication. One has to be investigated in detail to plan treatment.

Q. What are the modern anti-hypertensive drugs?

Ans. There are hundreds of drugs and your doctor will chose the right
combination for your problem. But my suggestion is to avoid the drugs and go
for natural ways of controlling blood pressure by walk, diet to
reduce weight and changing attitudes towards lifestyle.

Q. Does dispirin or similar headache pills increase the risk of heart

attacks? Ans. No

Q. If there is about 85 percent blockage in the arteries, can the person be

treated without surgery? If not, what other remedies and the power of your
heart muscles?
Ans. It depends on collateral or natural bypass, the quality of other
arteries and the power of your heart muscles. It’s impossible to give an
opinion without seeing the angiography film.

Q. There is a feeling that bypass is unnecessarily being performed in

some cases. When is bypass really needed?
Ans. When you have blockages affecting major arteries, bypass is the best
option. I am sure, conscientious doctors will not perform an operation when
it is not required.

Q. Is it true that mechanical valves can fail any moment?

Ans. No. If you take medication to prevent clot formation and maintain
the INR at accepted levels, the valve cannot get blocked. However, like any
mechanical gadget, it can fail and fortunately, such incidences are extremely
low.

Q. Can you brief me on pulmonary stenosys problems? What are the

complications involved and what care needs to be taken?
Ans. In this condition, the pulmonary valve is narrower at birth and
putting a balloon across valve and dilating it can easily correct it.

Q. Why is it the rate of heart attacks more in men than in women?

Ans. Nature protects women till the age of 45.

Q. How can one keep the heart in a good condition?

Ans. Eat a healthy diet, avoid junk food, exercise every day, do not smoke
and, go for a health checkup if you are past the age of 30 for at least once
in two years. And WORK VERY HARD.

*****

- 15 -
Since so many mails are being posted regarding recipes and cooking.....i thought of sharing few
"Cooking Tips" that my fren told me.
Basically this friend of mine who happened to give few simple cooking tips to me is not chef by
profession...........he is actually a Doctor .....to be specific, a Gynaecologist. though he wanted to
go for hotel management.....but landed in medical field. so cooking is something which he loves
to do. I wonder how he gets time.
till date i had just tasted "paneer makkhanwala" prepared by him, when we had a Pot Luck Party
In Our Group, where we all had to prepare some dish ourselves and celebrate the party, and trust
me it was yummy and on occassion of Dassera i got the pleasure of tasting "Gajar Ka Halwa"
prepared by him. and that too was WOW.......coz of few reasons
1) like gajar ka halwa is my all time fav.
2) was prepared by my frendy
3) was feeling great.....a guy cooking and gals aram se chit-chatting
4) it was not having mava/khava.........was purely cooked in milk and sugar with loads n loads of
dry fruits............yummmmyyyyyyyyyy
though my mom's cooking is the BEST i feel......in this world
but it as well feels nice to taste the dishes prepared by frens. specially guys
Some Tips :
1) If you dont want noodles to become sticky then, when boiling noodles, add some oil to it. It
helps to protect stickiness.
2) If you want to preserve ginger-garlic paste then fry them in oil before grinding and store in the
same oil in which u had fried them. and can reuse whenever you want
3) Soak some fenugreek seeds in water for sometime, then grind it to a smooth paste and add it to
the dosa batter. you will get crispy dosas if you do this.
4) If you want to get rid of bad smell from utensils then wash them with vinegar. vinegar helps to
clean utensils effectively.
5) Add some milk to the omlet mixture before putting it on the frying pan, this will make the
omlet fluffy and more tasty.
6) Do your eyes water while cutting onions ?? then best way to avoid that is..........hold some
pieces of bread in your mouth while cutting onions, your eyes will not water then.
7) If you want the coconut to break exactly into 2 equal halves while making something sweet
coconut dish.........then sprinkle some water on ir before breaking it.
8) While cooking/boiling rice.....cook it half and then turn off the stove/burner and just cover the
vessel with lid........the rice will automatically get cooked due to steam inside.
9) If you want more juice out of a lemon, then put the lemon in hot water before
squeezing.......that will give you more lemon juice
10) Immediately after cooking noodles/rice for chinese or biryani......pour cold water on it...to
avoid them from becoming sticky.
11) Prepare gajar ka halwa in milk rather than adding khava to it......helps to keep the halwa fresh
for many days in refrigerator
well thats all that he told me regarding cooking.......other than injections and patients.............so
do try these tips once. and if any problem .....then take his treatment.........hehehehe...just kidding

Radhika
*****

- 16 -
A very nice article I came across on JobsDB.com ...
Regards
Ravi
******************************************
15 Tips for Writing Winning Resumes
<http://www.jobsdb.com/IN/EN/V6HTML/Home/CareerArticles/CareerWritingTip.htm>
The thought of writing a resume intimidates almost anyone. It's difficult to know where to start
or what to include. It can seem like an insurmountable task. Here are 15 tips to help you not only
tackle the task, but also write a winning resume.

1. Determine your job search objective prior to writing the resume. Once you have
determined your objective, you can structure the content of your resume around that objective.
Think of your objective as the bull's-eye to focus your resume on hitting. If you write your
resume without having a clear objective in mind, it will likely come across as unfocused to those
that read it. Take the time before you start your resume to form a clear objective.

2. Think of your resume as a marketing tool. Think of yourself as a product, potential

employers as your customers, and your resume as a brochure about you. Market yourself through
your resume. What are your features and benefits? What makes you unique? Make sure to
convey this information in your resume.

3. Use your resume to obtain an interview, not a job. You don't need to go into detail about
every accomplishment. Strive to be clear and concise. The purpose of your resume is to generate
enough interest in you to have an employer contact you for an interview. Use the interview to
provide a more detailed explanation of your accomplishments and to land a job offer.

4. Use bulleted sentences. In the body of your resume, use bullets with short sentences rather
than lengthy paragraphs. Resumes are read quickly. This bulleted sentence format makes it easier
for someone to quickly scan your resume and still absorb it.

5. Use action words. Action words cause your resume to pop. To add life to your resume, use
bulleted sentences that begin with action words like prepared, developed, monitored, and
presented.

6. Use #'s, $'s and %'s. Numbers, dollars, and percentages stand out in the body of a resume.
Use them. Here are two examples:
· Managed a department of 10 with a budget of $1,000,000.
· Increased sales by 25% in a 15-state territory.

7. Lead with your strengths. Since resumes are typically reviewed in 30 seconds, take the time
to determine which bullets most strongly support your job search objective. Put those strong
points first where they are more apt to be read.
8. Play Match Game. Review want ads for positions that interest you. Use the key words listed
in these ads to match them to bullets in your resume. If you have missed any key words, add
them to your resume.

- 17 -
9. Use buzzwords. If there are terms that show your competence in a particular field, use them in
your resume. For marketing people, use "competitive analysis." For accounting types, use
"reconciled accounts."

10. Accent the positive. Leave off negatives and irrelevant points. If you feel your date of
graduation will subject you to age discrimination, leave the date off your resume. If you do some
duties in your current job that don't support your job search objective, leave them off your
resume. Focus on the duties that do support your objective. Leave off irrelevant personal
information like your height and weight.

11. Show what you know. Rather than going into depth in one area, use your resume to
highlight your breadth of knowledge. Use an interview to provide more detail.
12. Show who you know. If you have reported to someone important such as a vice president or
department manager, say so in your resume. Having reported to someone important causes the
reader to infer that you are important.

13. Construct your resume to read easily. Leave white space. Use a font size no smaller than
10 point. Limit the length of your resume to 1-2 pages. Remember, resumes are reviewed
quickly. Help the reader to scan your resume efficiently and effectively.

14. Have someone else review your resume. Since you are so close to your situation, it can be
difficult for you to hit all your high points and clearly convey all your accomplishments. Have
someone review your job search objective, your resume, and listings of positions that interest
you. Encourage them to ask questions. Their questions can help you to discover items you
inadvertently left off your resume. Revise your resume to include these items. Their questions
can also point to items on your resume that are confusing to the reader. Clarify your resume
based on this input.

15. Submit your resume to potential employers. Have the courage to submit your resume.
Think of it as a game where your odds of winning increase with every resume you submit. You
really do increase your odds with every resume you submit. Use a three-tiered approach. Apply
for some jobs that appear to be beneath you. Perhaps they will turn out to be more than they
appeared to be once you interview for them. Or perhaps once you have your foot in the door you
can learn of other opportunities. Apply for jobs that seem to be just at your level. You will get
interviews for some of those jobs. See how each job stacks up. Try for some jobs that seem like a
stretch. That's how you grow -- by taking risks. Don't rule yourself out. Trust the process. All the
best in your job search!
***********************************************************
"The Chinese use two brush strokes to write the word 'crisis.' One brush stroke stands for danger;
the other for opportunity. In a crisis, be aware of the danger - but recognize the opportunity."
***********************************************************

*****

- 18 -
Very nice set of recommendations abt Saving Money
Regards
Ravi

Greetings to you this Monday Morning !

W. Clement Stone once said, "if you cannot save money, then the seeds of
greatness are not in you." How true.

Saving is a Discipline
Saving money is a discipline and any discipline affects all other disciplines in your life. If you do
not have the discipline to refrain from spending all the money that you earn, then you are not
qualified to become wealthy and if you do become wealthy, you'll not be capable of holding on
to it.

The Law of Attraction

The law of attraction is activated by saved money. Even rupee/dollar saved will start to attract
more money. But if you do not begin the savings process, if you don't begin putting something
away towards your financial independence, then nothing will happen to you. The law of
attraction just simply won't work.

Get Rich Slowly

One of the characteristics of self-made millionaires, is they first save cautiously, conservatively
and prudently then invest. Don't try to get rich quickly. Concentrate rather on getting rich slowly.

Save and Invest

Open a new investment account today. Save consistently and resolve not to touch it for
substantially longer period. This way, even if you save ten percent of your income, and let it
accumulate at compound interest, that alone will make you wealthy. Whenever you consider any
investment of your savings, remember the rule, "Don't lose money " It is better to keep the
money working at a low rate of interest than to take the chance of losing it.
Have a wealthy future and a great week ahead !

*****

How a credit card works when you shop….??

[A small situation to make us understand the funda…]
Priya: I want to buy a Sony digital camera costing Rs.20, 000, but I don’t have any cash
right now.
Raj: Why don’t you use your ICICI Bank credit card? Never heard them sayHum Hain Na??
Priya: I am quite skeptic about using these cards. I pay using the card, get a bill after 30
days and pay after another 20 days. This is a maximum of 50 days interest free loan. Why
does any bank do it?
If I borrow Rs.20, 000 on personal loan at 11%.
Interest to be paid for 50 days = Rs. 20,000 * 11% * (50/365) = Rs. 301.40.
Here the bank is giving me a loan without interest when I use the credit card. Something is
wrong somewhere!
Raj: Well? let me tell you how it works when you use your card to pay for the camera.

- 19 -
· You present your ICICI Bank credit card? A VISA card.
· Sony World swipes your card on a machine provided by Citibank. Let’s call Citibank? The
acquirer bank and the process of Sony World swiping the card on that machine?
Requesting authorization.
· Citibank communicates with the card issuer ? ICICI Bank through VISA Network to
check if the card is valid and has the required credit limit.
· ICICI Bank reviews and approves / declines which is communicated back to Sony World.
· You sign a receipt called Sales Draft given by Citibank. This is the obligation on your part
to pay the money to ICICI Bank. Data on this receipt can be captured electronically and
transmitted.

At the end of day or at the end of some period Sony World chooses:
o Sony World submits the receipt you signed to Citibank who pays Sony World the money.
Sony World pays Citibank a fee called Merchant Discount. Let us say this is 6% of the sale
value = 6% * 20,000 = Rs. 1200
o Citibank sends the receipt electronically to a Visa data center which in turn sends it to
ICICI Bank.
o ICICI Bank transfers the money to a settlement bank which in turn transfers the funds
to Citibank.
o Citibank pays ICICI Bank an Interchange Fee of 4% of the sale value = 4% * 20,000 =
Rs. 800
o 20 to 50 days later ICICI Bank gets the money from you ? And you don’t pay the
interest!!

Priya: Interesting! So Sony World pays more than the interest that I should have paid for
the loan that I take. I, as a cardholder has the following benefits

1. Convenience of not having to carry cash.

2. Credit availability? Free of interest.

However what benefits does Sony World get for paying so much money? Isn?t it more
profitable for them to take cash? They can save as much as Rs.1200.

Raj: Certainly. Some retail outlets offer you discounts if you pay by cash, don't they?

However when you don’t count the money that you are spending, you tend to buy more!
Cards encourage this? Called impulse purchase.

If you did not have access to credit, you would not have bought the camera this month? or
may be not any time soon either. By accepting cards, the merchant is actually extending
you credit at the risk of the card issuer. He pays money to the banks to carry that risk.

Priya: So ICICI Bank uses this money to pay back to us when they announce 5% cash
back. They insist that the Sales draft that I sign at the retailer should also be from ICICI
Bank. This means they are saving on the Interchange Fee and also pay me a part of the
Merchant Discount that they get.

Raj: Exactly! If you have noticed, ICICI Bank gives you the cash back in the next credit
card statement. They keep the?cash back? Money for a maximum of 60 days before passing
on a part to you. This accrues them interest too.
Say if ICICI Bank earns an interest of 6% per annum for the cash they carry? They get
Rs.1000 * 6% * (60/365) = Rs. 10

- 20 -
That is not huge, but money nevertheless. And when you consider that almost everyone in
this city shops with a credit card these days, it is a big sum.

Priya: And that also explains why banks tie up with petrol pumps? Like ICICI Bank has tied
up with HPCL and I could re-fuel there without having to pay the fuel surcharge of 2.5%.
The card issuer and the acquiring bank is the same and that saves interchange fees.

Raj: Good! You seem to have figured out how it all works!

Priya: Sooper! Toh ab shopping chalein?? Lets not miss this Christmas and New year
Shopping Festival!

[All the numbers used to explain concepts in this article must be treated only as an
example. Merchant Discounts may vary from bank to bank. Interchange Fee is regulated by
VISA and MasterCard]

Santosh

*****
Personal Effectiveness
Just wanted to share this with all of you...

Personal effectiveness is a matter of style and substance. It's also a matter of personal values,
character, humanness and confidence in the creativity, initiative and capabilities of others. Above
all it's a matter of 'engaging' other human beings. Here are ten keys for effectiveness and success.

1. Develop a vision! Planning for the longer term pays off, and working backwards from a
vision of the desired end result creates clarity and purpose. People want to follow someone who
knows where he or she is going.

2. Simplify! You need to see the big picture in order to set a course, communicate it and
maintain it. Keep the details at bay. You also need to then simplify reality and identify the
essential activities and action steps to get there. Keep the incessant 'busy-ness' at bay. Focus on
what really matters in terms of customers, value added and performance.

3. Trust your people! You can't expect them to go all out for you if they think you don't believe
in them. And they definitely will not go all out if they don't trust you. Be trustworthy and build
trust by 'trusting'.

4. Keep your cool! The best leaders show their mettle under fire. Stay 'in command' with full
attention to all of what's going on.

5. Be an expert! Everyone had better understand that you know what you're talking about. And
even when you don't know you're an expert in finding out.

6. Encourage risk! Encourage individuals to take chances and to accept error and failure as an
inherent facet of learning and growth. Encourage and unleash the creativity of those around you.

- 21 -
 7. Invite dissent! You're not getting the best or learning how to lead if people are afraid to speak
up and engage themselves in what you're up to. Heat and friction are natural ingredients of
energized and high performing individuals and groups.

8. Remove obstacles! Remove obstacles and barriers, and provide the tools, training, systems
and structures to act and to grow.

9. Develop ownership! Stimulate self directed action and transfer responsibility and ownership
to those who do the work.

10. Tell the truth! There is no more effective method of engaging individuals and making a
difference than telling the truth - about what is happening, what you want, how you want to get
there, and what you want, need and expect from others. A 'ruthless commitment' to telling the
truth is perhaps the most liberating and refreshing approach to effectiveness in any context.? All
part of 'the quiet work of leadership.'

*****

Know some unknown history of words............................

MOPED is the short term for 'Motorized Pedaling'.
POP MUSIC is 'Popular Music' shortened.
BUS is the short term for 'Omnibus' that means everybody.
FORTNIGHT comes from 'Fourteen Nights' (Two Weeks).
DRAWING ROOM was actually a 'withdrawing room' where people withdrew after
Dinner. Later the prefix 'with' was dropped.
NEWS refers to information from Four directions N, E, W and S.
AG-MARK, which some products bear, stems from 'Agricultural Marketing'.
JOURNAL is a diary that tells about 'Journey for a day' during each Day's
business.
QUEUE comes from 'Queen's Quest'. Long back a long row of people as
waiting to see the Queen. Someone made the comment Queen's Quest.
TIPS come from 'To Insure Prompt Service'. In olden days to get Prompt
service from servants in an inn, travelers used to drop coins in a Box
on which was written 'To Insure Prompt Service'. This gave rise to the
custom of Tips.
JEEP is a vehicle with unique Gear system. It was invented during World
War II (1939-1945). It was named 'General Purpose Vehicle
(GP)'.GP was changed into JEEP later.

*****

- 22 -
The 90/10 Principle
Author : Stephen Covey

Have you read this before? Discover the 90/10 Principle. It will change your life (at least the way
you react to situations). What is this principle? 10% of life is made up of what happens to you.
90% of life is decided by how you react. What does this mean? We really have no control over
10% of what happens to us. We cannot stop the car from breaking down.

The plane will be late arriving, which throws our whole schedule off. A driver may cut us off in
traffic. We have no control over this 10%. The other 90% is different. You determine the other
90%. How? By your reaction. You cannot control a red light., but you can control your reaction.
Don't let people fool you; YOU can control how you react.

Let's use an example.

You are eating breakfast with your family. Your daughter knocks over a cup of coffee onto your
business shirt. You have no control over what just what happened. What happens when the next
will be determined by how you react. You curse. You harshly scold your daughter for knocking
the cup over. She breaks down in tears. After scolding her, you turn to your spouse and criticize
her for placing the cup too close to the edge of the table. A short verbal battle follows. You storm
stairs and change your shirt. Back downstairs, you find your daughter has been too busy crying
to finish breakfast and get ready for school. She misses the bus. Your spouse must leave
immediately for work. You rush to the car and drive your daughter to school. Because you are
late, you drive 40 miles an hour in a 30 mph speed limit. After a 15-minute delay and throwing
$60 traffic fine away, you arrive at school. Your daughter runs into the building without saying
goodbye. After arriving at the office 20 minutes late, you find you forgot your briefcase. Your
day has started terrible. As it continues, it seems to get worse and worse. You look forward to
coming home, When you arrive home, you find small wedge in your relationship with your
spouse and daughter. Why? Because of how you reacted in the morning.
Why did you have a bad day?
A) Did the coffee cause it?
B) Did your daughter cause it?
C) Did the policeman cause it?
D) Did you cause it?
The answer is D. You had no control over what happened with the coffee.

How you reacted in those 5 seconds is what caused your bad day. Here is what could have and
should have happened. Coffee splashes over you. Your daughter is about to cry. You gently say,
"It's ok honey, you just need, to be more careful next time". Grabbing a towel you rush upstairs.
After grabbing a new shirt and your briefcase, you come back down in time to look through the
window and see your child getting on the bus. She turns and waves. You arrive 5 minutes early
and cheerfully greet the staff. Your boss comments on how good the day you are having. Notice
the difference? Two different scenarios. Both started the same. Both ended different. Why?
Because of how you REACTED. You really do not have any control over 10% of what happens.
The other 90% was determined by your reaction.

Here are some ways to apply the 90/10 principle.

- 23 -
If someone says something negative about you, don't be a sponge. Let the attack roll off like
water on glass. You don't have to let the negative comment affect you! React properly and it will
not ruin your day. A wrong reaction could result in losing a friend, being fired, getting stressed
out etc.

How do you react if someone cuts you off in traffic? Do you lose your temper? Pound on the
steering wheel? A friend of mine had the steering wheel fall off) Do you curse? Does your blood
pressure skyrocket? Do you try and bump them? WHO CARES if you arrive ten seconds later at
work? Why let the cars ruin your drive? Remember the 90/10 principle, and do not worry about
it.

You are told you lost your job. Why lose sleep and get irritated? It will work out. Use your
worrying energy and time into finding another job. The plane is late; it is going to mangle your
schedule for the day. Why take out your frustration on the flight attendant? She has no control
over what is going on. Use your time to study, get to know the other passenger.

Why get stressed out? It will just make things worse. Now you know the 90-10 principle. Apply
it and you will be amazed at the results. You will lose nothing if you try it.

The 90-10 principle is incredible. Very few know and apply this principle.

The result? Millions of people are suffering from undeserved stress, trials, problems and
heartache. There never seem to be a success in life.

Bad days follow bad days. Terrible things seem to be constantly happening. There is constant
stress, lack of joy, and broken relationships. Worry consumes time. Anger breaks friendships and
life seems dreary and is not enjoyed to the fullest. Friends are lost. Life is a bore and often seems
cruel. Does this describe you? If so, do not be discouraged

You can be different! Understand and apply the 90/10 principle. It will change your life

*****

Technical Questions
Describe the difference between a Thread and a Process?
What is a Windows Service and how does its lifecycle differ from a “standard” EXE?
What is the maximum amount of memory any single process on Windows can address? Is this
different than the maximum virtual memory for the system? How would this affect a system
design?
What is the difference between an EXE and a DLL?
What is strong-typing versus weak-typing? Which is preferred? Why?
What’s wrong with a line like this? DateTime.Parse(myString
What are PDBs? Where must they be located for debugging to work? What is cyclomatic
complexity and why is it important?
Write a standard lock() plus double check to create a critical section around a variable access.

- 24 -
What is FullTrust? Do GAC’ed assemblies have FullTrust? What benefit does your code receive
if you decorate it with attributes demanding specific Security permissions?
What does this do? gacutil /l | find /i “about”
What does this do? sn -t foo.dll
What ports must be open for DCOM over a firewall?
What is the purpose of Port 135?
Contrast OOP and SOA. What are tenets of each
How does the XmlSerializer work?
What ACL permissions does a process using it require?
Why is catch(Exception) almost always a bad idea?
What is the difference between Debug.Write and Trace.Write? When should each be used?
What is the difference between a Debug and Release build? Is there a significant speed
difference? Why or why not?
Does JITting occur per-assembly or per-method? How does this affect the working set?
Contrast the use of an abstract base class against an interface?
What is the difference between a.Equals(b) and a == b?
In the context of a comparison, what is object identity versus object equivalence?
How would one do a deep copy in .NET?
Explain current thinking around IClonable.
What is boxing?
Is string a value type or a reference type?

*****

10 Biggest Brain Damaging Habits

1. No Breakfast - People who do not take breakfast are going to have a lower blood sugar level.
This leads to an insufficient supply of nutrients to the brain causing brain degeneration.
2. Over-eating - It causes hardening of the brain arteries, leading to a decrease in mental
power.
3. Smoking - It causes multiple brain shrinkage and may lead to Alzheimers disease.
4. High Sugar Consumption - Too much sugar will interrupt the absorption of proteins and
nutrients causing malnutrition and may interfere with brain development.
5. Air Pollution - The brain is the largest oxygen consumer in our body. Inhaling polluted air
deceases the supply of oxygen to the brain, bringing about a decrease in brain efficiency.
6. Sleep Deprivation - Sleep allows our brain to rest. Long term deprivation from sleep will
accelerate the death of brain cells.
7. Head covered while sleeping -Sleeping with the head covered, increases the concentration of
carbon dioxide and decrease concentration of oxygen that may
lead to brain damaging effects.
8. Working your brain during illness - Working hard or studying with sickness may lead to a
decrease in effectiveness of the brain as well as damage the brain.
9. Lacking in stimulating thoughts - Thinking is the best way to train our brain, lacking in brain
stimulation thoughts may cause brain shrinkage.
10. Talking Rarely - Intellectual conversations will promote the efficiency of the brain.

*****

- 25 -
Security Tips
Hi All,

On Gautam's insistence, I wanted to send some tips about 'safe' online behavior... but
unfortunately am a bit busy today .. don divasa che kaam pile up zaale aahe ... b'coz of Mumbai
floods keeping us away from Office for 2 days ... But I have a readymade list of Simple Security
Practices that will be useful to you in your workplaces ... you may find some points totally
irrelevant for home use .. nevertheless this is a good list... here is it presented below

1. Lock your screen when you leave your seat

2. Ensure that there are no confidential documents on your desk at the end of the day

3. Wipe the whiteboard after meetings in the conference rooms and delete your documents from
conference room PCs

4. Use the shredder. It’s free!

5. Shred all company confidential documents when no longer used

6. Classify all critical documents created/reviewed and passowrd protect them

7. While printing a confidential document be there at the printer beforehand

8. Using unauthorized software ??– uninstall immediately with the help of helpdesk

9. Need new software – log on a call on http://%intranet%

10. Ensure Passwords are 8 characters long and alphanumeric

11. While scheduling Telecons and videoconferences ensure that surroundings are safe enough to
talk about confidential information of the company

12. Backup important data regularly

13. Report about anything unusual on your PC/network to system admins

14. Report any kind of virus attack to the no. xxxx, <http://%intranet%>

15. Scan files before copying from floppy, CD or zip/pen drives

PS: will send a 'safe online tips' soon .. btw I am an Information Security Consultant :)
Nikhil
Mob: 09324383346

*****

- 26 -
Computing Tips & Tricks
* * * W I N D O W S

D M A M o d e o n I D E D e v i c e s

C h a n g i n g t h e C D – R O M s e t t i n g t o D M A w i l l r e d u c e t h e n u m b e r o f C P U c y c l e s t h e C D

– R O M c o n s u m e s . G o t o D e v i c e M a n a g e r > I D E A T A / A T A P I C o n t r o l l e r s > P r i m a r y I D E

C h a n n e l . S e t t h e D e v i c e I s e t t i n g t o “ D M A i f a v a i l a b l e ” . R e p e a t f o r S e c o n d a r y C h a n n e l i f

y o u h a v e d e v i c e a t t a c h e d .

n O f f S y s t e m R e s t o e
T u r r

P k e e p s a b a c k u p o f s y s t e m f i l e s i n t h e S y s t e m V o l u m e I n f o r m a t i o n f o l d e r . T h i s e a t s u p
X

v a l u a b l e s p a c e o n y o u r h a r d , d r i v e . I f y o u d o n ’ t w a n t W i n d o w s t o b a c k t h e m u p ; G o t o

C o n t r o l P a n e l > S y s t e m > S y s t e m R e s t o r e . C h e c k “ T u r n o f S y s t e m R e s t o r e ” . D e l e t e t h e

S y s t e m V o l u m e I n f o r m a t i o n F o l d e r .

C o n t o l Y o M o s e U s i n g Y o e y b o a d
r u r u u r K r

o u c a n c o n t r o l y o u r m o u s e p o i n t e r u s i n g t h e n u m e r i c k e y p a d . P r e s s A l t + l e f t S h i f t +
Y

u m L o c k . C l i c k t h e S e t t i n g b u t t o n i n t h e D i a l o g B o x t h e a p p e a r s . C h e c k “ U s e

M o u s e K e y s ” . C l i c k S e t t i n g s a g a i n a n d c h a n g e t h e m a s d e s i r e d . W i t h M o u s e k e y s o n ,

p r e s s i n g 5 s i m u l a t e s a l e f t c l i c k .

W i n d o w s E x p l o e s h o t c t s
r r r u

A l t + E n t e r V i e w a n d o b j e c t s p r o p e r t i e s .

S h i f t + D e l e t e D e l e t e s a n d o b j e c t i m m e d i a t e l y ( B y p a s s e s t h e R e c y c l e B i n )

F 6 S w i t c h e s b e t w e e n l e f t a n d r i g h t p a n e s o n a w i n d o w .

C t r l + E s c D i s p l a y s t h e S t a r t M e n u

W i n d o w s e y S h o t c t s
K r u

C t r l + W I + F D i s p l a y F i n d : C o m p u t e r

W I + B r e a k D i s p l a y t h e S y s t e m P r o p e r t i e s d i a l o g b o x

W I + T a b C y c l e t h r o u g h b u t t o n s o n t h e t a s k b a r

W I + F D i s p l a y F i n d : A l l F i l e s

S p e e d U p t h e S t a t M e n
r u

G o t o S t a r t > R u n > R e g e d i t . a v i g a t e t o t h e f o l l o w i n g k e y . H K E C U R R E T U S E R \
Y _ _
N N

C o n t r o l P a n e l \ D e s k t o p . S c r o l l d o w n i n t h e r i g h t p a n e l a n d d o u b l e - c l i c k o n

m e n s u h o w d e l a y ’ . I n t h e V a l u e D a t a b o x , c h a n g e t h e d e f o u l t v a l u e f o r t h e m e n u s p e e d
‘

f r o m 4 0 0 t o a l e s s e r n u m b e r .

A d d o R o m o v e D e s t i n a t i o n s i n t h e S e n d t o m e n
r u

T h e S e n d T o m e n u a p p e a r s w h e n y o u r i g h t - c l i c k o n a n o b j e c t . o u m o d i f y t h i s m e n u b y
Y

m o d i f y i n g t h e S e n d T o f o l d e r . G e n e r a l l y t h i s f o l d e r i s f o u n d i n “ C : \ D o c u m e n t s a n d

S e t t i n g s \ < U s e r a m e > \ ’ . ( I t m a y b e h i d d e n ) . A d d / r e m o v e s h o r t c u t s h e r e t o a d d /

r e m o v e d e s t i n a t i o n s i n t h e m e n u .

D i s a b l e l i s t o f s t a t p p o g a m s
r u r r

T o d i s a b l e t h e l i s t o f s t a r t u p p r o g r a m s , g o t o U s e r c o n f i g u r a t i o n > A d m i n i s t r a t i v e

T e m p l a t e s > S y s t e m > L o g o n a n d e n a b l e “ D o n o t p r o c e s s t h e r u n o n c e l i s t ” . T h i s

p r e v e n t s p r o g r a m s f r o m s t a r t i n g u p a u t o m a t i c a l l y , t h u s g i v i n g y o u a f a s t e r b o o t u p

t i m e .

- 27 -
 C l e a n Y o e f e t c h t o I m p o v e e f o m a n c e
u r P r r P r r

P r e f e t c h i s a n e w t e c h n i q u e i n P . H o w e v e r , a f t e r u s i n g P f o r s o m e t i m e , t h e p r e f e t c h
X X

d i r e c t o r y c a n g e t f u l l o f j u n k a n d o b s o l e t e l i n k s i n t h e P r e f e t c h c a t a l o g , w h i c h c a n s l o w

d o w n y o u r c o m p u t e r n o t i c e a b l y . O p e n ( s y s t e m d r i v e ) : / w i n d o w s / p r e f e t c h , d e l e t e t h o s e

j u n k a n d o b s o l e t e f i l e s , r e b o o t .

D i s a b l e M S N M e s s e n g e f o m s t a t i n g a t o m a t i c a l l y
r r r u

G o t o S t a r t > R u n > g p e d i t . m s c . a v i g a t e t o U s e r c o n f i g u r a t i o n > A d m i n i s t r a t i v e

T e m p l a t e s > W i n d o w s C o m p o n e n t s > W i n d o w s M e s s e n g e r . C l i c k o n D o n o t
‘

a u t o m a t i c a l l y s t a r t w i n d o w s m e s s e n g e r i n i t i a l l y ’ a n d e n a b l e t h i s r u l e . T h i s w i l l s h o r t e n

y o u r b o o t u p t i m e , a n d a l s o s a v e m e m o r y .

R e m o v e t h e s h o t c t a o w f o m d e s k t o p i c o n s
r u r r r

G o t o S t a r t > R u n > R e g e d i t . a v i g a t e t o H K E C L A S S E S R O O T \ I n k f i l e . D e l e t e t h e I s
Y _ _
N

S h o r t c u t r e g i s t r y v a l u e . o u m a y h a v e t o r e s t a r t W i n d o w s P
Y X

* * * M i c r o s o f t O f f i c e

C t a n d a s t e
u P

T o q u i c k l y s e l e c t a n d e n t i r e s e n t e n c e i n W o r d , h o l d d o w n C t r l a n d l e f t - c l i c k a n y w h e r e i n

t h e s e n t e n c e , o r j u s t t r i p l e - c l i c k a n y w h e r e t o d o t h e s a m e . D o u b l e - c l i c k i n g j u s t s e l e c t s a

s i n g l e w o r d .

A d d i n g F o o t n o t e s

I f y o u u s e F o o t n o t e s a l o t i n M i c r o s o f t W o r d , y o u d o n ’ t n e e d t o r e a c h t o y o u r m o u s e a n d

c l i c k I n s e r t / F o o t n o t e e a c h t i m e y o u w a n t t o a d d o n e . J u s t h o l d d o w n t h e A l t a n d t h e

C t r l k e y s a n d p r e s s F .

S e l e c t i n g C e l l s i n W o d a b l e s
r T

T o s e l e c t a c o l u m n , h o l d d o w n t h e A l t k e y a n d c l i c k i n t h e c o l u m n y o u w a n t t o s e l e c t

T o s e l e c t a r o w , c l i c k i n t h e f i s t c e l l o f t h e r o w y o u w a n t t o s e l e c t a n d t h e m p r e s s A l t . +

S h i f t + E n d .

A d d A c c e n t s t o C h a a c t e
r r

G o t o S t a r t > A l l P r o g r a m s > A c c e s s o r i e s > S y s t e m T o o l s > C h a r a c t e r M a p . S e l e c t t h e c h a r a c t e r

a n d c l i c k S e l e c t . C o p y i t i n t o y o u r d o c u m e n t . I n M i c r o s o f t W o r d , d r y h o l d i n g d o w n C t r l

k e y a n d h i t ( s i n g l e q u o t e ) k e y . T y p e t h e l e t t e r t o b e a c c e n t e d . E . g . a f o r a ` , d f o r o ` , e f o r
‘

e ` , I f o r I ` , u f o r u ` , y f o r y ` .

* * * I n t e r n e t E x p l o r e r

I n t e n e t E x p l o e S h o t c t s
r r r r u

S h i f t + C L I C K O p e n l i n k i n n e w w i n d o w

C t r l + T A B M o v e f o r w a r d b e t w e e n f r a m e s

F 6 C h a n g e A d d r e s s b a r a n d p a g e f o c u s

A l t + H o m e G o t o y o u r H o m e p a g e

- 28 -
 M o e I n t e n e t E x p l o e S h o t c t s
r r r r r u

C T R L + F F i n d o n t h i s p a g e

C T R L + D A d d t h e c u r r e n t p a g e t o y o u r F a v o r i t e s

C T R L + W C l o s e c u r r e n t b r o w s e r w i n d o w

C T R L + O p e n a n e w w i n d o w

C s t o m i s e I n t e n e t E x p l o e I n t e f a c e
u r r r r

G o t h e S t a r t > R u n > g p e d i t . m s c . a v i g a t e t o U s e r c o n f i g u r a t i o n > I n t e r n e t E x p l o r e r

M a i n t e n a n c e > B r o w s e r U s e r I n t e r f a c e . A d d t h e n a m e y o u w a n t t o s e e o n t h e b r o w s e r .

o u c a n a d d a c u s t o m i z e d a n i m a t e d l o g o a n d c h a n g e t h e b a c k g r o u n d o f t h e t o o l b a r b y
Y

g o i n g t o B r o w s e r t o o l b a r c o s t o m i s a t i o n .
‘

o a d I n t e n e t E x p l o e F a s t
L r r r

E d i t y o u r l i n k t o S t a r t I E t o h a v e – n o h o m e a f t e r i t . “ < S y s t e m D r i v e > : \ P r o g r a m

F i l e s \ I n t e r n e t E x p l o r e \ I E P L O R E . E E ” – n o h o m e . T h i s w i l l l o a d I E v e r y f a s t b e c a u s e i t
X X

d o s e n t ’ t a w e b p a g e w h i l e i t i s l o a d i n g . T o g o t o y o u r h o m e p a g e a f t e r i t h a s l o a d e d , j u s t

c l i c k o n t h e h o m e b u t t o n . ( O r h i t A l t + H o m e )

* * * F i r e f o x

F i e F o x S h o t c t s
r r u

e w T a b C t r l + T

e x t T a b C t r l + T a b o r C t r l + P a g e D o w n

P r e v i o u s T a b C t r l + S h i f t + T a b o r C t r l + P a g e U p

O p e n A d d r e s s i n e w T a b A l t + E n t e r

S f f i x i n g e x t e n s i o n s i n F i e f o x
u r

I E a u t o m a t i c a l l y s u f f i x e s . C o m t o a n a d d r e s s i f y o u p r e s s C t r l + E n t e r .

F i r e f o x e x p a n d s t h i s f e a t u r e t o i n c l u d e . e t a n d . O r g e x t e n s i o n s a s w e l l .

F o r c o m p l e t e . n e t a d d r e s s S h i f t + E n t e r

F o r c o m p l e t e . o r g a d d r e s s C t r l + S h i f t + E n t e r

* * * L i n u x

C t a n d a s t e
u P

o u c a n h i g h l i g h t a n y t e x t a n y w h e r e u s i n g t h e m o u s e a n d i n s t a n t l y p a s t e l y p a s t e i t b y
Y

p r e s s i n g m o u s e b u t t o n 3 ( o r b o t h b u t t o n s o n t w o b u t t o n n i c e ) .

A p p l i c a t i o n s a l s o s u p p o r t s e l e c t i n g t e x t a n d p r e s s i n g C t r l + C t o c o p y i t o r C t r l + t o c u t
X

i t t o t h e c l i p b o a r d . P r e s s C t r l + V o r S h i f t – I n s e r t t o P a s t e .

S o m e m o e C t a n d a s t e
r u P

W h e n u s i n g t h e f u l l s c r e e n w i n d o w m a n a g e r s c r e e n y o u c a n e n t e r “ s c r o l l b a c k m o d e ”

w i t h C t r l + A + E x c . o u c a n m o v e t h e c u r s o r w i t h t h e a r r o w a n d m a r k t e x t b y p r e s s i n g
Y

t h e S p a c e B a r a t t h e b e g i n n i n g a n d e n d o f t h e t e x t y o u w a n t . T h e t e x t y o u s e l e c t e d c a n

n o w b e p a s e t e d w i t h C t r l + A

S A N J A Y E E
P T H

>

- 29 -
Google History

Google is a play on the word googol, which was coined by Milton Sirotta, nephew of American
mathematician Edward Kasner, and was popularized in the book, "Mathematics and the
Imagination" by Kasner and James Newman. It refers to the number represented by the numeral
1 followed by 100 zeros. Google's use of the term reflects the company's mission to organize the
immense, seemingly infinite amount of information available on the web.

Back before Google? Aye, there's the Rub.

According to Google lore, company founders Larry Page
<http://www.google.com/corporate/execs.html> and Sergey Brin
<http://www.google.com/corporate/execs.html>were not terribly fond of each other when they
first met as Stanford University graduate students in computer science in 1995. Larry was a 24-
year-old University of Michigan alumnus on a weekend visit; Sergey, 23, was among a group of
students assigned to show him around. They argued about every topic they discussed. Their
strong opinions and divergent viewpoints would eventually find common ground in a unique
approach to solving one of computing's biggest challenges: retrieving relevant information from
a massive set of data.
By January of 1996, Larry and Sergey had begun collaboration on a search engine called
BackRub, named for its unique ability to analyze the "back links" pointing to a given website.
Larry, who had always enjoyed tinkering with machinery and had gained some notoriety for
building a working printer out of Lego™, took on the task of creating a new kind of server
environment that used low-end PCs instead of big expensive machines. Afflicted by the
perennial shortage of cash common to graduate students everywhere, the pair took to haunting
the department's loading docks in hopes of tracking down newly arrived computers that they
could borrow for their network.
A year later, their unique approach to link analysis was earning BackRub a growing reputation
among those who had seen it. Buzz about the new search technology began to build as word
spread around campus.

The search for a buyer

Larry and Sergey continued working to perfect their technology through the first half of 1998.
Following a path that would become a key tenet of the Google way, they bought a terabyte of
disks at bargain prices and built their own computer housings in Larry's dorm room, which
became Google's first data center. Meanwhile Sergey set up a business office, and the two began
calling on potential partners who might want to license a search technology better than any then
available. Despite the dotcom fever of the day, they had little interest in building a company of
their own around the technology they had developed.
Among those they called on was friend and Yahoo! founder David Filo. Filo agreed that their
technology was solid, but encouraged Larry and Sergey to grow the service themselves by
starting a search engine company. "When it's fully developed and scalable," he told them, "let's
talk again." Others were less interested in Google, as it was now known. One portal CEO told
them, "As long as we're 80 percent as good as our competitors, that's good enough. Our users
don't really care about search."

- 30 -
Touched by an angel
Unable to interest the major portal players of the day, Larry and Sergey decided to make a go of
it on their own. All they needed was a little cash to move out of the dorm — and to pay off the
credit cards they had maxed out buying a terabyte of memory. So they wrote up a business plan,
put their Ph.D. plans on hold, and went looking for an angel investor. Their first visit was with a
friend of a faculty member.
Andy Bechtolsheim, one of the founders of Sun Microsystems, was used to taking the long view.
One look at their demo and he knew Google had potential — a lot of potential. But though his
interest had been piqued, he was pressed for time. As Sergey tells it, "We met him very early one
morning on the porch of a Stanford faculty member's home in Palo Alto. We gave him a quick
demo. He had to run off somewhere, so he said, 'Instead of us discussing all the details, why
don't I just write you a check?' It was made out to Google Inc. and was for $100,000."
The investment created a small dilemma. Since there was no legal entity known as "Google
Inc.," there was no way to deposit the check. It sat in Larry's desk drawer for a couple of weeks
while he and Sergey scrambled to set up a corporation and locate other funders among family,
friends, and acquaintances. Ultimately they brought in a total initial investment of almost $1
million.

Everyone's favorite garage band

On September 7, 1998, Google Inc. opened its door in Menlo Park, California. The door came
with a remote control, as it was attached to the garage of a friend who sublet space to the new
corporation's staff of three. The office offered several big advantages, including a washer and
dryer and a hot tub. It also provided a parking space for the first employee hired by the new
company: Craig Silverstein, now Google's director of technology.
Already Google.com <http://google.com/>, still in beta, was answering 10,000 search queries
each day. The press began to take notice of the upstart website with the relevant search results,
and articles extolling Google appeared in USA TODAY and Le Monde. That December, PC
Magazine named Google one of its Top 100 Web Sites and Search Engines for 1998. Google
was moving up in the world.

On the road again

Google quickly outgrew the confines of its Menlo Park home, and by February 1999 had moved
to an office on University Avenue in Palo Alto. At eight employees, Google's staff had nearly
tripled, and the service was answering more than 500,000 queries per day. Interest in the
company had grown as well. Red Hat signed on as its first commercial search customer, drawn in
part by Google's commitment to running its servers on the open source operating system Linux.
On June 7, the company announced that it had secured a round of funding that included $25
million from the two leading venture capital firms in Silicon Valley, Sequoia Capital and Kleiner
Perkins Caufield & Byers. In a replay of the convergence of opposites that gave birth to Google,
the two firms — normally fiercely competitive, but seeing eye-to-eye on the value of this new
investment — both took seats on the board of directors. Mike Moritz of Sequoia and John Doerr
of Kleiner Perkins — who between them had helped grow Sun Microsytems, Intuit, Amazon,
and Yahoo! — joined Ram Shriram, CEO of Junglee, at the ping pong table that served as formal
boardroom furniture.
In short order, key hires began to fill the company's modest offices. Omid Kordestani left
Netscape to accept a position as vice president of business development and sales, and Urs

- 31 -
Hölzle was hired away from UC Santa Barbara as vice president of engineering. It quickly
became obvious that more space was needed. At one point the office became so cramped that
employees couldn't stand up from their desks without others tucking their chairs in first.

No beta search engine

The gridlock was alleviated with the move to the Googleplex, Google's current headquarters in
Mountain View, California. And tucked away in one corner of the two-story structure, the
Google kernel continued to grow — attracting staff and clients and drawing attention from users
and the press. AOL/Netscape selected Google as its web search service and helped push traffic
levels past 3 million searches per day. Clearly, Google had evolved. What had been a college
research project was now a real company offering a service that was in great demand.
On September 21, 1999, the beta label came off the website.
Still Google continued to expand. The Italian portal Virgilio signed on as a client, as did Virgin
Net, the UK's leading online entertainment guide. The spate of recognition that followed
included a Technical Excellence Award for Innovation in Web Application Development from
PC Magazine and inclusion in several "best of" lists, culminating with Google's appearance on
Time magazine's Top Ten Best Cybertech list for 1999.

Built-in innovation
At the Googleplex, a unique company culture was evolving. To maximize the flexibility of the
work space, large rubber exercise balls were repurposed as highly mobile office chairs in an open
environment free of cubicle walls. While computers on the desktops were fully powered, the
desks themselves were wooden doors held up by pairs of sawhorses. Lava lamps began sprouting
like multi-hued mushrooms. Large dogs roamed the halls — among them Yoshka, a massive but
gentle Leonberger. After a rigorous review process, Charlie Ayers was hired as company chef,
bringing with him an eclectic repertoire of health-conscious recipes
<http://www.google.com/jobs/food.html> he developed while cooking for the Grateful Dead
<http://www.google.com/search?q=grateful%2Bdead>. Sections of the parking lot were roped
off for twice-weekly roller hockey games. Larry and Sergey led weekly TGIF meetings in the
open space among the desks, which easily accommodated the company's 60-odd employees.
The informal atmosphere bred both collegiality and an accelerated exchange of ideas. Google
staffers made many incremental improvements to the search engine itself and added such
enhancements as the Google Directory (based on Netscape's Open Directory Project) and the
ability to search via wireless devices. Google also began thinking globally, with the introduction
of ten language versions for users who preferred to search in their native tongues.

Google's features and performance attracted new users at an astounding rate. The broad appeal of
Google search became apparent when the site was awarded both a Webby Award and a People's
Voice Award for technical achievement in May 2000. Sergey's and Larry's five-word acceptance
speech: "We love you, Google users!" The following month, Google officially became the
world's largest search engine with its introduction of a billion-page index — the first time so
much of the web's content had been made available in a searchable format.
Through careful marshalling of its resources, Google had avoided the need for additional rounds
of funding beyond its original venture round. Already clients were signing up to use Google's
search technology on their own sites. With the launch of a keyword-targeted advertising

- 32 -
program, Google added another revenue stream that began moving the company into the black.
By mid-2000, these efforts were beginning to show real results.
On June 26, Google and Yahoo! announced a partnership that solidified the company's
reputation — not just as a provider of great technology, but as a substantial business answering
18 million user queries every day. In the months that followed, partnership deals were announced
on all fronts, with China's leading portal NetEase
<http://www.google.com/press/pressrel/pressrelease32.html> and NEC's BIGLOBE
<http://www.google.com/press/pressrel/pressrelease43.html> portal in Japan both adding Google
search to their sites.

To extend the power of its keyword-targeted advertising to smaller businesses, Google

introduced AdWords <http://www.google.com/ads/>, a self-service ad program that could be
activated online with a credit card in a matter of minutes. And in late 2000, to enhance users'
power to search from anywhere on the web, Google introduced the Google Toolbar
<http://toolbar.google.com/>. This innovative browser plug-in made it possible to use Google
search without visiting the Google homepage, either using the toolbar's search box or right-
clicking on text within a web page, as well as enabling the highlighting of keywords in search
results. The Google Toolbar would prove enormously popular and has since been downloaded by
millions of users.
As 2000 ended, Google was already handling more than 100 million search queries a day — and
continued to look for new ways to connect people with the information they needed, whenever
and wherever they needed it. They reached out first to a population with a never-ending need for
knowledge — students, educators, and researchers — paying homage to Google's academic roots
by offering free search services to schools, universities, and other educational institutions
worldwide.
Realizing that people aren't always at their desks when questions pop into their heads, Google set
out to put wireless search into as many hands as possible. The first half of 2001 saw a series of
partnerships and innovations that would bring Google search to a worldwide audience of mobile
users. Wireless Internet users in Asia, Japanese users of i-mode mobile phones, Sprint PCS,
Cingular, and AT&T Wireless customers, and other wireless device users throughout the world
gained untethered access to the 1.6 billion web documents in Google's growing index.

Google finds a few things it needs

Meanwhile, Google had acquired a cornerstone of Internet culture. In February, Google took on
the assets of Deja.com <http://deja.com/> and began the arduous task of integrating the huge
volume of data in the Internet's largest Usenet archive <http://groups.google.com/> into a
searchable format. In short order, Google introduced improved posting, post removal, and
threading of the 500 million-plus messages exchanged over the years on Usenet discussion
boards.
As Google's global audience grew, the patterns buried in the swarm of search queries provided a
snapshot of what was on humanity's mind. Sifting through a flood of keywords, Google captured
the top trending searches and institutionalized them as the Google Zeitgeist
<http://www.google.com/press/zeitgeist.html>, a real-time window into the collective
consciousness. The Google Zeitgeist showcases the rising and falling stars in the search
firmament as names and places flicker from obscurity to center stage and fade back again. Like

- 33 -
an S&P Index for popular culture, the Google Zeitgeist charts our shifting obsessions and the
impermanence of fame.
As Google's search capabilities multiplied, the company's financial footing became even more
solid. By the beginning of the fourth quarter of 2001, Google announced that it had found
something that had eluded many other online companies: profitability.

Information without barriers

Google's circle of friends continued to widen. An agreement with Lycos Korea brought Google
search to a new group of Asian Internet users. In October, a partnership with Universo Online
(UOL) made Google Latin America's premier search engine. New sales offices opened in
Hamburg and Tokyo to satisfy growing international interest in Google's advertising programs.
Google's borderless appeal was also evident in its evolving user interface: Users could now limit
searches to sites written in Arabic, Turkish, or any of 26 other languages.
Meanwhile the Google search engine evolved again and learned to crawl several new kinds of
information. File type search added a dozen formats to Google's roster of searchable documents.
In December, Google Image Search <http://images.google.com/>, first launched during the
summer with 250 million images, came out of beta with advanced search added and an expanded
image index. Online shopping took a leap forward with the beta launch of Google Catalog
Search <http://catalogs.google.com/>, which made it possible for Google users to search and
browse more than 1,100 mail order catalogs that previously had been available only in print.
December also brought another milestone: The Google search index reached 3 billion searchable
web documents, another leap forward in Google's mission to make the world's information
accessible. Google's year came to a close, appropriately, with the Year-End Google Zeitgeist
<http://www.google.com/press/zeitgeist2001.html>, a retrospective on the search patterns,
trends, and top search terms of 2001.

Good things come in yellow boxes

Google's success in charting the public Internet had helped make it the Internet search engine of
choice. But Googlebot, the robot software that continually crawls the web to refresh and expand
Google's index of online documents, had to turn back at the corporate firewall — which left
employees, IT managers, and productivity-conscious executives wishing for a way to bring the
power of Google search into their workplaces.
Their wish came true in February of 2002, with the introduction of the Google Search Appliance,
a plug-and-play search solution in a bright yellow box. Soon it was crawling company intranets,
e-commerce sites, and university networks, with organizations from Boeing to the University of
Florida powering their searches with "Google in a box
<http://www.google.com/appliance/index.html>."

In love with innovation

The love affair between Google and the technology community — engineers, programmers,
webmasters, and early adopters of all shapes and sizes — went back to the days when word-of-
mouth from tech-savvy users spread the budding search engine's reputation far beyond the
Stanford campus. That ongoing romance was evident at the 2001 Search Engine Watch Awards
<http://searchenginewatch.com/awards/2001-winners.html>, announced in February of 2002,
where the webmaster community awarded Google top honors for Outstanding Search Service,

- 34 -
Best Image Search Engine, Best Design, Most Webmaster Friendly Search Engine, and Best
Search Feature.
Google showed the affection was mutual with a trio of initiatives to delight the most avid
technophile. The Google Programming Contest <http://www.google.com/programming-
contest/> coupled a daunting challenge with a tempting prize: $10,000, a visit to the Googleplex,
and a chance for the winner to spend some quality time with the Google code base. (The eventual
winner <http://www.google.com/programming-contest/winner.html>, Daniel Egnor of New
York, created a program enabling users to search for webpages within a specified geographic
area.)
Google's web application programming interfaces <http://www.google.com/apis/> (APIs)
enabled software programs to query Google directly, drawing on the data in billions of web
documents. Their release sparked a flurry of innovation, from Google-based games to new
search interfaces.
Google Compute <http://toolbar.google.com/dc/>, newly added to the Google Toolbar, took
advantage of idle cycles on users' computers to help solve computation-intensive scientific
problems. The first beneficiary: Folding@home, a non-profit Stanford University research
project to analyze the structure of proteins with an eye to improving treatments for a number of
illnesses.

Advertising that people want to see

In February of 2002, AdWords <http://adwords.google.com/select/>, Google's self-service
advertising system, received a major overhaul, including a cost-per-click (CPC) pricing model
that makes search advertising as cost-effective for small businesses as for large ones. Google's
approach to advertising has always followed the same principle that works so well for search:
Focus on the user and all else will follow. For ads, this means using keywords to target ad
delivery and ranking ads for relevance to the user's query. As a result, ads only reach the people
who actually want to see them - an approach that benefits users as well as advertisers.
In May, that approach got a vote of confidence <http://www.google.com/press/pressrel/aol.html>
when America Online — calling Google "the reigning champ of online search" — chose the
company to provide both search and advertising to its 34 million members and tens of millions of
other visitors to AOL properties. Further confirmation
<http://www.google.com/press/pressrel/b2b.html> came when BtoB Magazine named Google
the #1 business-to-business website and the #5 B2B ad property in any medium, online or off.
The launch of Google Labs <http://labs.google.com/> enabled Google engineers to present their
pet ideas proudly to an adventurous audience. Users could get acquainted with prototypes that
were still a bit wet behind the ears, while developers received feedback that helped them groom
their projects for success. Works-in-progress ranged from Google Voice Search, enabling users
to search on Google with a simple telephone call, to Google Sets, which generates complete sets
(a list of gemstones, say) from a few examples (topaz, ruby, opal), giving each member of the
new set its own search link.

All the news that's fit to click

Google News <http://news.google.com/> launched in beta in September of 2002, offering access
to 4,500 leading news sources from around the world. Headlines and photos are automatically
selected and arranged by a computer program which updates the page continuously. The free
service lets users scan, search, and browse, with links from each headline to the original story.

- 35 -
Froogle <http://froogle.google.com/>, a product search service launched in test mode in
December of 2002, continued Google's emphasis on innovation and objective results. Searching
through millions of relevant websites, Froogle helps users find multiple sources for specific
products, delivering images and prices for the items sought.

And the worlds turn

Google's innovations continued to reshape not only the world of search, but also the advertising
marketplace and the realm of publishing. In 2003, Google acquired Pyra Labs and became the
home for Blogger <http://www.blogger.com/>, a leading provider of services for those inclined
to share their thoughts with the world through online journals (weblogs). Not long thereafter, the
Google AdSense <https://www.google.com/adsense/> program was born, offering web sites of
all sizes a way to easily generate revenue through placement of highly targeted ads adjacent to
their content. Google AdSense technology analyzes the text on any given page and delivers ads
that are appropriate and relevant, increasing the usefulness of the page and the likelihood that
those viewing it will actually click on the advertising presented there. Version 2.0 of the Google
Toolbar <http://toolbar.google.com/> was released in the Spring and the Google Deskbar
<http://toolbar.google.com/deskbar/> joined it in the Fall. The Toolbar's enhancements included
a pop-up blocker and form filler, while the Deskbar's location in the Windows Taskbar made it
possible to search using Google without even launching a web browser. And there was so much
more to find, thanks to the addition of a calculator feature, parcel tracking, flight information,
VIN numbers and more, all accessible through the same Google search box.

This message just in

The year 2004 brought new services, including Local Search <http://local.google.com/lochp> for
those times when all a person needs is a neighborhood place close enough to deliver cannolis that
are still cool or a tire shop that's within walking distance. Within weeks, Google followed up
with a way for advertisers to target their ads to locations a set distance from their stores. It was
an improvement for merchants that also made it easier for searchers to find goods and services
for sale in their own neighborhoods.On April 1st Google announced it was offering free mail
accounts with 1,000 megabytes of memory and had plans to open an engineering office on the
moon <http://www.google.com/jobs/lunar_job.html>. It soon became apparent that Gmail
<http://www.gmail.com/> was no joke. The first serious re-examination of web-based email in
years, Gmail offers a powerful built in search function, messages grouped by subject line into
conversations and enough free storage to hold emails for years to come. Gmail account owners
don't need to file messages or worry about deleting items to stay within impractical storage
constraints. Everything gets archived and is just a search away. Using AdSense technology,
Gmail delivers relevant ads adjacent to mail messages, giving recipients a way to act on the
information they receive.

And on and on
What's next from Google? Hard to say. We don't talk much about what lies ahead, because we
believe one of our chief competitive advantages is surprise. Surprise and innovation. You can
take a peek at some of the ideas our engineers are currently kicking around by visiting them at
play in Google Labs <http://labs.google.com/>. Have fun, but be sure to wear your safety
goggles.
*****

- 36 -
~~Making FireFox a Whole Lot Faster~~

There are ways to make FireFox render pages every bit as quickly, with just a few easy "tweaks."
I had thought these adjustments were pretty well-known, but it's beginning to seem as though
they may not be. So I thought it was worthwhile to bring these "hidden settings" more into the
light.

So…… Lets get started……….

To get started, type "about:config" in your FireFox address bar. The settings you're looking for
are:

1.) network.http.pipelining
2.) network.http.pipelining.firstrequest
3.) network.http.pipelining.maxrequests
4.) network.http.proxy.pipelining
5.) nglayout.ititialpaint.delay

Set #1, #2, and #4 to "true". Set #3 to a high number, like 32. Set #5 to 0.

Enabling the pipelining features allows the browser to make multiple requests to the server at the
same time. The "maxrequests" is the maximum number of requests it will send at once. I've
heard that 8 is the most it will send at once, but setting it higher won't hurt, just in case. The
initialpaint.delay is the length of time (in milliseconds) after the server response before the
browser begins to paint the page.

Adjusting those settings will help pages render much faster in FireFox. In fact, my own
observations have been that, tweaked in this manner, FireFox will render faster than Opera (and
yes, I realize that others may experience different results).

Happy Surfing….

Thank you.
MiLiNd Thombare--(India)-Pune
<http://www.milindonline.com>
"A Specialist is one who knows everything about something and nothing
about anything else"..
milind.t@milindonline.com
Yahoo ID : milind_media
MSN : milindonline@hotmail.com
AIM : thombaremilind
Skype : milind_media

*****

- 37 -
TEN TIPS FOR EARTHQUAKE SAFETY

1) Most everyone who simply "ducks and covers" when buildings collapse are crushed to death.
People who get UNDER objects, like desks or cars, are crushed.

2) Cats, dogs and babies often naturally curl up in the fetal position.You should too in an
earthquake. It is a natural safety/survival instinct. You can survive in a smaller void. Get next to
an object, next to a sofa, next to a large bulky object that will compress slightly but leave a void
(space) next to it.

3) Wooden buildings are the safest type of construction to be in during an earthquake. Wood is
flexible and moves with the force of the earthquake. If the wooden building does collapse, large
survival voids are created. Also, the wooden building has less concentrated, crushing weight.
Brick buildings will break into individual bricks. Bricks will cause many injuries but less
squashed bodies than concrete slabs.

4) If you are in bed during the night and an earthquake occurs, simply roll off the bed. A safe
void will exist around the bed. Hotels can achieve a much greater survival rate in earthquakes,
simply by posting a sign on the back of the door of every room
telling occupants to lie down on the floor, next to the bottom of the bed during an earthquake.

5) If an earthquake happens and you cannot easily escape by getting out the door or window,
then lie down and curl up in the fetal position next to a sofa, or large chair.

6) Most everyone who gets under a doorway when buildings collapse is killed. How? If you
stand under a doorway and the doorjamb falls forward or backward you will be crushed by the
ceiling above. If the door jam falls sideways you will be cut in
half by the doorway. In either case, you will be killed!

7) Never go to the stairs. The stairs have a different "moment of frequency" (they swing
separately from the main part of the building). The stairs and remainder of the building
continuously bump into each other until structural failure of the stairs takes place. The people
who get on stairs before they fail are chopped up by the stair treads - horribly mutilated. Even if
the building doesn't collapse, stay away from the stairs. The stairs are
a likely part of the building to be damaged. Even if the stairs are not collapsed by the earthquake,
they may collapse later when overloaded by fleeing people. They should always be checked for
safety, even when the rest of the building is not damaged.

8) Get Near the Outer Walls Of Buildings Or Outside Of Them If Possible -

It is much better to be near the outside of the building rather than the interior. The farther
inside you are from the outside perimeter of the building the greater the probability that your
escape route will be blocked.

9) People inside of their vehicles are crushed when the road above falls in an earthquake and
crushes their vehicles; which is exactly what happened with the slabs between the decks of the
Nimitz Freeway. The victims of the San Francisco earthquake all stayed inside of their vehicles.

- 38 -
They were all killed. They could have easily survived by getting
out and sitting or lying next to their vehicles. Everyone killed would have survived if they had
been able to get out of their cars and sit or lie next to them. All the crushed cars had voids 3 feet
high next to them, except for the cars that had columns fall directly across them.

10) I discovered, while crawling inside of collapsed newspaper offices and other offices with a
lot of paper, that paper does not compact. Large voids are found surrounding stacks of paper.

Spread the word to everyone YOU care about and save someone's life!

*****

How To Control Your Temper

There's nothing wrong with getting angry. How you express it is what it's all about.
1. If you're too angry to think rationally, remove yourself from the situation.
2. Give yourself a few quiet minutes alone to cool down. Think of something relaxing.
3. When you feel your body relax, take a few deep breaths.
4. Return to the original situation and try a different approach.
5. If your new approach doesn't help you stay in control of your temper, repeat steps 1-4
Tips:
Find something that relaxes you (music, skateboarding, drawing, etc.) and do it regularly.
If you've got a problem with someone, don't hold it inside, let him/her know about it.
It's a rare manager who, at least once in a while, isn't firmly convinced that his department's
performance would perk up dramatically if one employee or another were quietly throttled.
More realistically, he settles for occasionally blowing his top…resorting to sarcasm…or ill-
disguised acerbic humor. The result is a foregone conclusion: a sulking staff with drooping
morale whose performance hits another low, triggering the entire cycle anew—and a king-size
headache for the manager.
Control your temper is the easiest advice in the world to give, but among the hardest to take.
How do you do it?
One way is to compel yourself to back off from the immediate situation and try to see it
objectively, preferably in a larger context. So Miss Jones misplaced some important
correspondence. Will empires fall? Is the few minutes' delay to find it really sufficient reason to
ruin your day and digestion? Really?
Another technique is suggested by an incident in the life of John D. Rockefeller. A top executive
of the Standard Oil Company once made an error in judgment that cost his firm more than $2
million. Understandably, colleagues of Rockefeller decided to avoid their chief on the day he
heard the news, lest he vent his wrath on them.
The exception was Edward Bedford, a Rockefeller partner. He entered Rockefeller's office
prepared to listen to a long harangue against the offending executive, only to find the head of the
Standard Oil empire busily writing at his desk.
After some minutes in which the only sound was the scratching of his pen, John D. Rockefeller
looked up at his visitor. "Oh, it's you, Bedford," he said calmly. "I suppose you've heard about
our loss." Bedford nodded. "I've been thinking it over," Rockefeller said, "and before I ask the
man in to discuss the matter, I've been making some notes." He handed the sheet of paper on
which he had been writing to his partner. Bedford reported it this way:

- 39 -
"Across the top of the page was written, 'Points in favor of Mr. ÂÂÂÂ______.' There followed a
long list of the gentleman's virtues, including a brief description of how he had helped the firm
make the right decision on three separate occasions that had earned many times the cost of his
recent error.
"I never forgot that lesson. In later years, whenever I was tempted to rip into anyone, I forced
myself first to sit down and thoughtfully compile as long a list of his good points as I possibly
could. Invariably, by the time I finished my inventory, I would see the matter in its true
perspective and keep my temper under control. There is no telling how many times this habit has
prevented me from committing one of the costliest mistakes any manager can make—losing his
temper.
"I commend it to anyone who must deal with people."

Sell That Idea Positively

Two groups of people were exposed to identical presentations on the benefits and drawbacks of a
common household product—with one exception. Group A was first informed of the
advantages of owning the product, then told of the drawbacks. This order was reversed with
Group B. Several weeks later, both groups were questioned. Group A had bought almost twice as
much of the product as Group B.
Psychologists call this the "primacy effect." That is, what we hear first lingers with us longest. If
you list the benefits of an idea before the drawbacks, you create a positive "that's for me" state of
mind. Start with the drawbacks and you create an attitude of resistance.
For example, if your plan to streamline office procedure is expensive, you might admit it this
way. "My plan will free one secretary and two clerk-typists for more important work and save us
over $25,000 a year by eliminating many duplicate records, even though it's a little expensive to
set into action." The benefits "smother" the drawback.
Try it next time you want to sell an idea.

Don't Sell Your Instincts Short

As the business world grows more complex and reliance on sophisticated tools like computers
increases, fewer and fewer people have the confidence to call on that still little voice within
them—their instincts—when decision-making time rolls around.
Believing that everything can be expressed quantitatively, or ought to be, they wince at the
notion that good ideas and wise decisions can be based on anything so unscientific as a "sixth
sense." "After all," they ask, "when you have access to a computer or can draw up statistics, why
fly by the seat of your pants?"
For one thing, computers deal in data and not every question is readily answered with facts and
figures. People, on the other hand, deal with ideas.
In many ways, using one's instincts is a creative act. It is a summoning of past experiences,
accumulated knowledge, analogous reasoning and combining everything you've ever learned,
read and heard to analyze a problem and form a judgment. Much of this is done with such
blinding speed that you are not even aware of what you are doing, so you think of it as "instinct"
or "a hunch."
When in doubt about a course of action, therefore, don't be afraid to rely on your instincts.
You've spent a lifetime perfecting them.
thx,
Vaibhav

- 40 -
Hindi Songs Based on Ragas

http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=Hindi+songs+based+on+Ragas

This is copypasted from one of them

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

HINDI FILM SONGS - based on Ragas

Raga: Abhogi Kanada

Jiya lage na kya karu sajna sautan
Na jaiyo re ghar sainyai

Raga: Adana
Jhanak jhanak payal baje Jhanak Jhanak Payal Baje
Radhike toone bansari Bhai Bhai
Manmohan man mein ho tumhi Kaise Kahoon

Raga: Ahir Bhairav

Puchho na kaise maine rain bitai Meri Surat Teri Aankhen
Ramka gun gaan kariye Ram Shyam Gun Gaan (non-film)
Meri bina tum bin roye Dekh Kabir Roya
Main to kabse teri sharan men Ram Nagari
Zindagi ko sanvarana hoga Alaap
Sola barasaki bali umarko salam Ek Duje Ke Liye
Apne jeevan ki uljhan ko Uljhan
Man Anand Anand Chhayo Vijeta
Waqt karta jo wafa aap hamare Dilne Pukara
Ram teri ganga maili ho gayi Ram Teri Ganga Maili
Meri galiyonse logonki yari badh Dharmatma
Chalo man jayen ghar apne Swami Vivekananda
Albela sajan aayo re Hum Dil De Chuke Sanam

Raga: Alaiya Bilawal

Jana gana mana National Anthem
Bhor ayi, gaya andhiyara Bawarchi
Sare ke sare ga ma ko lekar Parichay

Raga: Asavari
Mujhe galese lagalo bahut udas Aaj aur Kaal
Chale jana nahin naina milake Badi Bahen
Piya tu kaha Toofan aur Diya

- 41 -
Raga: Bageshri
Jag dard-e-ishq jaag Anarkali
Radha na bole na bole Azad
Bedardi dagabaz ja tu nahin Bluff Master
Chah barbad karegi Shah Jahan
Jao jao nand ke lala Rangoli
Aaja re, paradesi Madhumati
Ghadi Ghadi mera dil dhadke Madhumati
Hamse aya na gaya Dekh Kabir Roya
Poochhta jaa mere marghatse A Ghazal by Gulam Ali
Chaman men rang-e-bahar Ghazal by Gulam Ali

Raga: Bahar
Chham chham nachat ayi bahar Chhaya
Mann ki bin matwari baje Shabaab

Raga: Bairagi
Kisi nazar ko tera intazar aaj bhi hai Aitbaar
Mein ek raja hun Uphaar

Raga: Barawa
Khai hai re humne kasam Talash

Raga: Basant
Ketaki, gulab, juhi champaka Basant Bahar

Raga: Bibhash
Sanjh dhale gagan tale hum Utsav
Neelam ke nabh chhayi Utsav

Raga: Bhairav
Sun ri pavan, pavan puravaiya Anuraag
Jaago mohan pyaare Jaagte Raho
Raga: Bhairavi
Babul mora naihar chhooto Street Singer
Insaf ka mandir hai Naya Daur
Kaise jaun jamunake tir Devta
Laaga chunari men daag Dil Hi To Hai
Tu ganga ki mauj Baiju Bawra
Dost dost na raha Sangam

- 42 -
Mile sur tera hamara Doordarshan item
Kaise samjhaoon bade nasamajh Sooraj
Jiya jale jaan jale nainon tale Dil Se
Hume tumse pyar kitana Kudrat
Kar chale hum fida jaan-o-tan Haqeeqat

Raga: Bhatiyar
Ek ritu aye ek ritu jaye Jhanak Jhanak Payal Baaje

Raga: Bhimpalasi
Ai ri main to prem diwani Navbahar
Maine chand aur sitaronki Chandrakanta
Ye na thi hamari kismet Mirza Ghalib
Dil mein tujhe bithake puja Fakira
Nainon mein badra chhaye Mera Saaya
Jhanakar payalaki tose binati Naga Devata
Hum giridha rake ghar jaun Meera Bhajan
Samay dhire chalo Rudaali
Kismat Se Tum Ham Ko Mile Ho Pukar
Ae Ajnabi Tu Bhi Kabhi Dil Se
Khilte Hain Gul Yaha Sharmilee
Main gareebon ka dil hoon Ab-e-hayat

Raga: Bhoopali
Chanda hai tu, mera suraj hai tu Aradhana
Sayonara, sayonara Love in Tokyo
Pankh hote to ud aati re Sehraa
Jyoti kalash chhalke Bhabhi Ki Chudiyan
Jab nil gagan ki chhaon mein Amrapali
Achyutam keshavam ram <shloka>
Jaun tore charan kamal par vari Sur Sangam
Om namah shivay Bhairavi
Panchhi banu udti firun mast Chori Chori
Dekha ek khwab to yeh silsile Silsila
In ankhon ki masti ke, mastane Umrao Jaan
Dil hun hun kare Rudaali

Raga: Bhupali Todi

O zindagi ke denevale Nagin

Raga: Bihag
Tere sur aur mere geet Goonj Uthi Shehnai

- 43 -
Koi gata, main so jata Alaap
Tere pyar men dildar Mere Mehboob
Ae dil beqarar jhum Shah Jahan
Hamare dilse na jaanaa Udan Khatola
Chalenge tir jab dil par Kohinoor
Zindagike safar men gujar jate Aap Ki Kasam
Yeh kya jagah hai doston Umrao Jaan
Meri ladli re, meri ladli Andaaz (old)
Tujhe jeevan ki dor se Asli Naqli
Hamare dilse na jaanaa Udan Khatola

Raga: Bilaskhani Todi

Jhoothay naina bolay - Lekin
Diya na bujhegi, aaj hamara

Raga: Basant Mukhari

O basanti pavan pagal - Jis Desh Me Ganga Behti Hai
Vada kar le sajna - Haath ki Safai

Raga: Chandrakauns
Tu hi tu main seva karu
San sanna sanna sanna, jao re o pavan
Majhi re himmat na har

Raga: Charukeshi
Bainya na dharo, o balama - Dastak (old)
Aaj dilpe koi jor chalta nahin - Milan
Kabhi raat din hum dur the - Aamne Saamne
Ek tu na mila - Himalay ki Godmen
Akele hain chale aao - Raaz
Bekhudimen sanam kisi rahamen kisi modpar - Mere Humsafar
Megha re Megha re... - Pyaasa
Bedardi balama tujh ko, mera man yaad karta hai - Aarzoo
Shyam teri bansi pukare radha naam - Geet Gata Chal
Jaan-e-jaana...Jab jab teri surat dekhun - Janbaaz
Chhod de sari duniya kisike liye - Saraswati Chandra

Raga: Chhayanat
Chanda re, ja re ja re - Ziddi (old)
Baad muddat ki yeh ghadi aayi - Jahan Aara
Hum bekhudi mein tumko pukaare chale gaye - Kaala Paani
Tere naina talaash karen jise - Talaash
Chaina nahin aye, kahan dil jaye - Samundar
Zan Zan Zan Zan payal baje

- 44 -
Raga: Darbari
Ye Hawa Ye Raat Ye Chaandni - Sangdil
Bahon Ke Darmiyan - Khamoshi (new)

Raga: Darbari Kanada

Dil jalta hai to jalne de - Pehli Nazar
O duniyake rakhawale - Baiju Bawra
Tute hue khvabonne - Madhumati
Mohabbat ki jhuthi kahani pe roye - Mugal-e-azam
Tora man darpan kehlaye - Kaajal
Guzre hai aaj ishqmen - Dil Diya Dard Liya
Raha gardishonmen haradam - Do Badan
Jhanak jhanak tori baje payeliya - Mere Huzoor
Dekha hai pehli baar - Saajan
Hum tum se juda ho ke - Ek Sapera Ek Lutera
Aap ki nazaron ne samajha - Anpadh
Pag ghoongroo bandh meera naachi thi - Namak Halal
Tu pyarka sagar hai - Seema

Raga: Desh
Phir kahin koi phul khila - Anubhav
Bekasi hadse jab guzar jaye - Kalpana
Door Koi Gaaye, dhun yeh sunaye - Baiju Bawra
Pyaar Hua Chupke se - 1942, A Love Story
Om jai jagadish hare - Poorab Aur Pashchim
Vande mataram

Raga: Desi
Aaj gaavat man mero jhumke - Baiju Bawra

Raga: Durga
Geet gaya pattharon ne - Geet Gaya Pattharon ne
Chanda re mori patiya le ja - Miss Mary

Raga: Dhani
Prabhu tero nam jo gae phal - Hum Dono

Raga: Gara
Tere mere sapne ab ek rang hain - Guide
Jivanmen piya tera sath rahe - Gunj Uthi Shehnai
Raghupati raghav raja ram - Bhajan
Aise to na dekho - Teen Deviyan
Kabhi khud pe kabhi haalat pe ronaa aaya - Hum Dono
Mohe panghat pe nandlal chher gayo re - Mughal-e-Aazam
Unke khayaal aaye to aate chale gaye - Lal Patthar

- 45 -
Raga: Gaud Malhar
Garajat barsat savan ayo re - Barsaat Ki Raat (old)
Jhir jhir barase savani ratiyan - Ashirvad

Raga: Gaud Sarang

Allah tero naam - Hum Dono
Naadir deem, ta na dere na - Pardesi

Raga: Gurjari Todi

Ek tha bachapan - Ashirvad
Jaa-jaa re ai pathikwa - Lekin

Raga: Hamir
Madhuban men radhika nache re - Kohinoor
Jao re jogi tum - Amrapali

Raga: Hansdhwani
Jaa tose nahin boloon kanhaiya - Parivaar

Raga: Hemant
Yad piyaki aye - A Thumri by Ustaad Bade Ghulam Ali Khan
Udajare ja re kaga - Meera bhajan by Lata Mangeshkar
Tumbin jeevan kaise - by Manna Dey

Raga: Jaijaiwanti
Manmohana bade jhoothe, haar ke haar na maanein - Seema
Bairan ho gai raina - Dekh Kabir Roya
Zindagi aaj mere namse sharamati hai
Yeh dilki lagi kam kya hogi - Mugal e Azam
Dost bankar bhi nahin saath nibhanevala - A Ghazal by Ghulam Ali
Suni suni saans kay sitaar par - Lal Patthar
Thumak chalat Ramchandra, baajat paijaniya - Bhajan

Raga: Jaunpuri
Dil chher koi aisa naghma - Inspector
Ghunghat ke pat khol re tohe piya milenge - Jogan
Jaayen to jaayen kahaan, samjhega kaun yahaan - Taxi Driver
Meri yaad mein tum na aansu bahaana - Madhosh
Muhabbat ki jhoothi kahani pe roye - Mughal-E-Azam

Raga: Jhinjhoti
Mere mehboob tujhe meri muhabbat ki kasam - Mere Mehboob
Jaun kahan bataaye dil - Chhoti Bahen
Tum mujhe yun bhula na pao ge - Pagla Kahin Ka

- 46 -
Teri ankhoke siva duniyamen - Chirag
Mose chal kiye jaye hai re hai hai dekho saiyan beiman - Guide
Koi hamdam na raha, koi sahara na raha - Jhumroo
Ghungharoo ki tarah, bajata hi raha hoon main - Chor Machaaye Shor
Chhup gaya koi re durase pukarake - Champakali

Raga: Jogiya
Dil ek mandir - Dil ek mandir hai
Kah do koi na kare yahaan pyaar - Goonj Uthi Shehnai
Raat bhar ka hai mehmaan andhera - Sone Ki Chidiya

Raga: Kafi
Biraj me holi khelat nand lal - Godaan
Gairon pe karam apnon pe sitam - Aankhen (old)
Raga: Kalavati
Hay re vo din kyun na aye - Anuradha
Kahe tarasae jiyara - Chitralekha
Koi sagar dilko bahalata nahin - Dil Diya Dard Liya
Hai agar dushman dushman, zamaana ghum nahin - Hum Kisi Se Kam Nahin
Subah aur sham kamhi kam - Uljhan
Bhajan bina chain naa aye ram - Rafoochakkar

Raga: Kalingda
Mohe bhool gaye saanwariya - Baiju Bawra

Raga: Kalyan
Do naina matavale tihare - Choti Bahen
Ansu bhari hai ye jivanki rahe - Parvarish
Jiya le gayo ji mora savariya - Anpadh
Mausam hai ashikana - Pakeezah
Inhi logone le lina dupatta mera - Pakeezah
Jab dip jale ana - Chit Chor
Woh sham kuchh ajib thi - Khamoshi (old)
Chandansa badan chanchal chitavan - Saraswati Chandra
Apke anurodhpe main ye geet - Anurodh
Bada dukh dina tere lakhanne - Ram Lakhan Yaad
"Breathless" - Breathless (Shankar Mahadevan)
Man re tu kahe na dhir dhare - Chitralekha
Saranga teri yaadmen - Saaranga
Abhi na jao chhodkar - Hum Dono
Mere humsafar mere paas - Refugee

Raga: Kamod
Eri jane na dungi - Chitralekha
Jao re jogi tum jao re - Amrapali
Tumko dekha to ye khayal aya - Saath Saath

- 47 -
Raga: Kedar
Bekaspe karam kijie - Mugal-e-Azam
Humko manki shakti dena - Guddi
Pal do pal ka saath humara - The Burning Train
Aapki ankhonmen kucch - Ghar
Bole to basuri kahi - Saawan Ko Aane Do
Uthaye ja unke sitam - Andaaz (old)
Main paagal mera manwa paagal - Aashiana

Raga: Khamaj
Ayo kahan se ghanashyam - Buddha Mil Gaya
Bada natkhat hai...ka kare yashoda maiya - Amar Prem
Vaishnav jan to - Narsinh Mehta Bhajan
Nazar lagi raja tore bungle par - Kaala Pani
Kuch to log kahenge - Amar Prem
Vaishnav jan to taine re kahiye (Bhajan)

Raga: Kirwani
Mera dil ye pukare a ja - Nagin
Yaad na jaye bite dinonki - Dil Ek Mandir
Meri bhigi-bhigisi palakonpe - Anamika
Ye raten ye mausam nadika kinara - Dilli Ka Thug
Nind na mujhako ae - Post box No. 999
Pukarta chala hun main - Mere Sanam
Geet gata hun mai - Laal Pathhar
Anevala pal janevala hai - Golmaal
Bekaraar dil too gaaye ja - Door Ka Rahi
Mera dil ye pukaare aaja - Nagin

Raga: Lalit
Tu hai mera prem devta - Kalpana
Ik shahenshahne banvake hansi - Leader
Pritam daras dikhao - Chacha Zindabad
Koi paas aya savere savere - A Ghazal by Jagjit Singh
Tu nahin to mere liye - Tum Yaad Aaye
Raina biti jaye - Amar Prem

Raga: Madhuvanti
Rasm-e-ulfat ko nibhaayen, to nibhaayen kaise - Dil Ki Rahen
Ko birahini ko dukh jane - Chala Vahi Desh

Raga: Madhyamad Sarang

Aa laut ke aaja mere meet - Rani Roopmati

- 48 -
Raga: Manjh Khammaj
Kaanha kanha aan padi re tere dwar - Aman
Jane kaise sapano me kho gai ankhiyan - Anuradha
Kaise dina bite kaise biti ratiyan piya jane na - Anuradha

Raga: Malgunji
Nain so nain nahi milo - Jhanak Jhanak Payal Baaje
Ghar a ja ghir aye badra - Chhote Nawab
Unko yeh shikayat hai - Adaalat (old)
Na jiya lage na - Anand
Raga: Malkauns
Man tarapat hari darshanko - Baiju Bawra
Aadha hai chandrama rat adhi - Navrang
Tu chhupi hai kahan - Navrang
Aaye sur ke panchhi aaye - Sur Sangam
Ye kahani hai diyeki aur tufanaki - Tufan aur Diya
O pavanvegase udanevale ghode - Jai Chaittaur
Ankhiyana sang ankhiya lagi aaj - Bada Aadmi
Deep jalaye jo - Kalakaar

Raga: Mand
Tu chanda main chandani - Reshma aur Shera
Kesariya Balam - Lekin
Ab to hai tumse har khushi apni - Abhimaan
Piya piya bole mora kangana - Swarg Nark
Bachpan ki mohabbat ko - Baiju Baawara
Dheemo re chale re vaayariyo - Album (Piya Basanti)

Raga: Maru Bihag

Matwaali naar thumak thumak
Tum to pyar ho sajna - Sehra
Jamunaa kinare aaja chaliya pukare aaja - Mehbooba

Raga: Marwa
Payeliya bavari - Saaz aur Aawaz

Raga: Megh
Mahefil men baar baar kisi par nazar gai - A Ghazal by Gulam Ali
Konpalen phir fut ayi - A Ghazal by Mehdi Hassan
Kahan se aye badra - Chashm-e-Badoor

Raga: Megh Malhar

Dukh bhare din bite re bhaiya - Mother India
Tan rangalo ji aaj man ranga lo baraso re - Tansen
Kare kare badra - by Lata Mangeshkar
Ghata ghana ghora ghora - Tansen

- 49 -
Raga: Miyan Ki Malhar
Bole re papihara - Guddi
Bhay bhanjana vandana sun humari - Basant Bahar
Baadal umad bhar aaye - Saaz
Ghir ghir aayi badariya kaari - Sardari Begum

Raga: Miya ki Todi

Bhini bhini bhor aayi - Asha Bhosle's Album 'Dil Padosi Hai'

Raga: Mohanam (Carnatic)

Jyoti Kalas Jalke - Bhabhi Ki Chudiyaan

Raga : Multani
Daya karo e girdhar-gopala

Raga: Nand
Tu jahan jahan chalega - Mera Saaya

Raga: Pahadi
Sunri sakhi mohe sajna bulae - Nagin
Chal ud jaa re panchi - Bhabhi
Chaudavika chand ho - Chaudavi Ka Chand
Ye vadiyan phijae bula rahi - Aaj aur Kal
Tujhko pukare mera pyar - Neel Kamal
Aja re tujhko mera pyar pukare - Waqt
Do sitaaron ka zameen par hai milan aaj ki raat - Waqt
Kaun aya hai nigahonmen chamak jag uthi - Waqt
Janevalo jara mudke dekho mujhe - Dosti
Chaahoonga main tujhe saanjh savere - Dosti
Lag ja gale ke phir ye hansi raat - Woh kaun thi?
Vahan kaun hai tera musaphir - Guide
Dil pukare aa re aa re - Jewel Thief
Rulake gaya sapna mera - Jewel Thief
Chalo dildaar chalo - Pakeezah
Aaja re, aaja re o mere dilbar aaja - Noorie
Kabhi kabhi mere dilmein - Kabhi Kabhi
Isharon isharon mein dil lenewale - Kashmir Ki Kali
Aaj ki raat mere dil ki salaami le le - Ram Aur Shyam
Javaan hai mohabbat, hasin hai zamaana - Anmol Ghadi
Jo waada kiya wo nibhaana parega - Taj Mahal
Kora kaagaz tha ye man mera - Aaradhana
Meri aankhon mein bas gaya koi re - Barsat
O door ke musaafir, ham ko bhi saath le le - Udan Khatola
Saawan ka mahina, pawan kare sor - Milan
Suhaani raat dhal chuki, na jaane tum kab aayoge - Dulari
Tere mere honthon pe, meethe meethe geet mitava - Chaandani

- 50 -
Raga: Palasi
Gori tera gaanv bada pyara - Chit Chor

Raga: Patdeep
Saaz ho tum awaz hun main - Saaz aur Aawaz
Megha chhaye adhi raat - Sharmilee

Raga: Pilu
Ajahun na aye balma - Sanjh Aur Savera
Jhoole mein pavanki ayi bahar - Baiju Bawra
Dheere se aaja ri akhiyan mein nindiya - Albela
Banwari Re Jeene Ka Sahara - Ek Phool Char Kante
Jaiye aap kahan jayenge - Mere Sanam
Dhoondho dhoondho re saajna - Ganga Jamuna
Allah megh de pani de - Guide
Kali ghata chhaye mora jiya ghabraye - Sujata
Tere bin soone nayan hamare - Meri Soorat Teri Aankhein
Pi ke ghar aaj pyari dulhaniya chali babul - Mother India
Nadiya kinare harayee aayee kangna - Abhiman
Ab ke baras bhejo bhaiya ko babul - Bandini
Baharon ne mera chaman loot kar - Devar
Kaun gali gaye shyam - Pakeezah
Tu jo mere sur men - Chitchor
Na jao saiyan chhuda ke baiyan - Sahib Biwi Aur Ghulam
Din sara guzara tore angana - Junglee
Mainu ishq lag gaya rog - Dil Hai Ke Maanta Nahin
Surmayi akhiyonmen nanha munna ek sapna de jaa re - Sadma
Apni kaho kuch meri suno - Parchhain
Ai meri johara zabeen, tujhe maaloom nahin - Waqt
Chandan ka palana resham ki dori - Shabab
More kaanha jo aaye palat ke - Sardari Begum
Raghuvar tumako meri laaj (Bhajan)

Raga: Puriya Dhanashri

Tori Jai Jai Kartaar - Baiju Bawra
Ruk jao banavasi ram - Sampurna Ramayan
Rut aa gayi re, rut chha gayi re - 1947:Earth
Hai rama yeh kya hua - Rangeela
Meri sanson ko jo mehaka rahi hai - Badalte Rishtey
Tumne kya kya kiya hai hamare liye - Prem Geet
Raga: Rageshri
Mohabbat aisi dhadkan hai - Anarkali
Mere sang ga gunguna - Janwar
Kaun aaya mere manke dwaare - Dekh Kabira Roya

- 51 -
Raga: Sarang
Aa laut ke aaja mere meet - Rani Roopmati
Savan aye ya na aye - Dil Diya Dard Liya
Dair-o-harammen basne waalon - Ghazal by Jagjit Singh
Saawan rut aaye dekho balam - Album (Piya Basanti)

Raga: Shudh Kalyan

Chand phir nikala - Paying Guest
Meri muhabbat javan rahegi - Janwar
Jahaan daal daal par sone ki cheediyaan - Sikandar-e-Azam
Chaand phir nikala, magar tum na aaye - Paying Guest
Rasik balama - Chori Chori

Raga: Shankara
Rumajhuma rumajhuma chala tihari - Tansen
Bolo bolo kanha bolo chhaliya - Chhaliya

Raga: Shivranjani
Aawaz deke hamem tum bulao - Professor
Jaane kahaan gaye wo din - Mera Naam Joker
Sansar hai ek nadiya - Raftaar
Khabar meri naa lini re bahut din bite - Sant Gyaneshwar
Mere naina savan bhado - Mehbooba
Banake kyun bigada re - Zanjeer
Ai mere sanam ai mere sanam, do jism magar ek jaan - Sangam
Dil ke jharokhe mein tujhko bithakar - Bramhachari
Tere mere beech mein - Ek Duje ke liye
Kahin deep jale kahin dil - Bees Saal Baad
Tumhe dekhti hun to lagta hai aise - Tumhare Liye
Bahaaro phool barasaao, mera mehboob aaya hai - Suraj
Yaad teri aayegi, mujhko bara sataayegi - Ek Jaan Hain Ham

Raga: Sindh Bhairavi

Ajahun na aye balma - Sanjh Aur Savera
Chhod gaye balam - Barsaat (old)

Raga: Sohni
Jhumati gayi hawa, yaad aa gaya koi - Sangeet Samrat Tansen
Kuhu kuhu bole koyaliya - Swarn Sundari
Prem jogan ban ke - Mughal-e-Azam

Raga: Sur Malhar

Dar lage garaje badariya - Ram Rajya

Raga: Tilang
Chhup gaye saare nazaare hoye kya baat ho gayi - Do Raaste

- 52 -
Chota sa baalama akhiyaan neend udaaye le gayo - Ragini
Rehte the kabhi jinake dil mein ham jaan se bhi - Mamta
Yahi armaan lekar aaj apne - Shabab
Itna to yaad hai mujhe - Mehboob ki Mehndi
Meri kahani bhulnevale - Deedar
Sajna sang kahe neha lagae - Main Nashe Me Hun
Lagan tose lagi balma - Dekh Kabir Roya

Raga: Tilak Kamod

Tumhare bin ji na lage gharmen - Bhumika
Jalta rahata din raina

Raga: Todi
Insan bano - Baiju Bawra
Mai to ek khvab hun - Himalaya Ki God Mein
Duniya na bhaye mohe, ab to bulale - Basant Bahar
Sun rasiya sun rasiya, kaahe ko jalaaye jiya aaja - Nagin
Too hai mera prem devta - Kalpana
Khuda e baratara teri jaminpar - Taj Mahal

Raga: Vrindavani Sarang

Jhutimuti batiya avan kahe - Rudali

Raga: Yaman
Bhooli huyi yaadon, mujhe itna na sataao - Sanjog
Chandan sa badan, chanchal chitavan - Saraswati Chandra
Chupa lo dil mein yoon pyaar mera - Mamta
Inhi logon ne le leena dupatta mera - Pakeezah
Jab deep jale aana, jab shaam dhale aana - Chitchor
Jiya le gayo re mora saanwariya - Anpadh
Mausam hai aashikaana, ai dil kahin se unko - Pakeezah
Nigahen milane ko jee chahata hai - Dil Hi To Hai
Woh shaam kuchh ajeeb thi, ye shaam bhi ajeeb hai - Khamoshi
Ranjish hi sahi, dil hi dukhane ke liye aa (Ghazal)

Raga: Yaman Kalyan

Abhi na jayo chhor kar, ke dil abhi bhara nahi - Hum Dono
Ahsaan tera hoga mujh par - Junglee
Beeti na bitaayi raina - Parichay
Is mor se jaate hain - Aandhi
Saaranga teri yaad mein, nain huye bechain - Saaranga
Tere husn ki kya taarif karoon - Leader
Wo jab yaad aaye, bahut yaad aaye - Parasmani
Zindagi bhar naheen bhoolegi wo barsaat ki raat - Barsaat Ki Raat
Aaj jaane ki zid na karo (Geet)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

- 53 -
File Name Extensions

#
.$$$ A generic temporary file ( also seeTMP)
A
.A Assembly source code
.ABK CorelDRAW AutoBackup file
.ACL CorelDRAW 6 keyboard accelerator
.ACM Audio Compression Module (add-on to MSACM.DRV Windows audio driver)
.AD Library module for After Dark screensaver
.ADF Adapter Description file
.ADL MicroChannel Adapter Description Library file
.ADM After Dark MultiModule screensaver
.ADR After Dark Randomizer screensaver
.AFM Adobe Font Metrics
.AI Adobe Illustrator drawing
.AIF Apple Mac AIFF sound
.AIO APL I/O
.ALB JASC Image Commander album
.ALL Arts & Letters Library
.AND Add In Utility
.ANI Animated Cursor
.ANN Annotations
.ANS ANSI text
.APL APL workspace
.APP Application
.ARC LH ARC (old version) compressed archive file
.ARJ Robert Jung ARJ compressed archive file
.ART Xara Studio drawing
.ASC ASCII text
.ASD WinWord AutoSave
.ASM Assembly source code
.ASP Active Server Page
.ATT AT&T Group 4 bitmap file
.AUX Auxiliary file
.AVI Microsoft Audio Video Interleave (Video for Windows)
.AWD FaxView document
B
.B BASIC source code
.B4 Helix Nuts and Bolts file
.BAK Backup file
.BAS BASIC source code
.BAT Batch file
.BBL Bibliography file
.BFC Windows 95 Briefcase document
.BG Backgammon for Windows game

- 54 -
.BGI Borland Graphic Interface
.BI Binary file
.BIB Bibliography file
.BIN Binary file
.BK! Backup file
.BLD BASIC Bload data
.BM1 Apogee BioMenace data file
.BMK Bookmark file
.BMP OS/2 or Windows bitmap file
.BNK Ad-lib Instrument ID file
.BS1 Apogee Blake Stone data file
.BSC Boyan Script
.BSV BASIC Bsave data
C
.C C source code
.CAL Calendar schedule data
.CAT Catalog file
.CB Microsoft clean boot file
.CBK Wave Blaster sound bank file (alternate sets of sounds and instruments)
.CBL Cobol source code
.CC C/C++ source code
.CCB Visual Basic Animated Button configuration
.CCH Corel Chart
.CDA CD Audio Track
.CDF Comma delimited format
.CDR CorelDRAW picture
.CDT CorelDRAW template
.CDX CorelDRAW compressed drawing
.CFG Configuration file
.CGM Computer Graphics metafile
.CHK CHKDSK information
.CHP Ventura Publisher chapter
.CIL Clip Gallery download package
.CK1 iD/Apogee Commander Keen 1 data file
.CK2 iD/Apogee Commander Keen 2 data file
.CK3 iD/Apogee Commander Keen 3 data file
.CK4 iD/Apogee Commander Keen 4 data file
.CK5 iD/Apogee Commander Keen 5 data file
.CK6 iD/Apogee Commander Keen 6 data file
.CLI Aldus Photostyler clipboard file
.CLP Microsoft Windows clipboard viewer data file
.CLS Visual Basic Class Module
.CMD Command file
.CMF Corel metafile
.CMF Creative Music file (a Creative Labs format for the Sound Blaster)
.CMP Address document

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.CMP JPEG Bitmap
.CMV Corel Move animation
.CMX Corel Presentation Exchange image
.CNF Configuration file
.CNQ Compuworks Design Shop file
.COB Cobol source code
.COD Code file
.COM Command file (program)
.CPD Fax Cover document
.CPE Fax Cover document
.CPI Character Pixel Information
.CPI Code Page Information
.CPL Control Panel item
.CPL Corel Color palette
.CPP C++ source code
.CPR Corel Presents Presentation
.CPT Corel PHOTO-PAINT image
.CPX Corel Presentation Exchange compressed drawing
.CRD Cardfile file
.CRP Corel Presents Run-Time Presentation
.CRT Certificate file
.CSC Corel Script
.CSP PC Emcee On-Screen image
.CSV Comma delimited text
.CT Scitex CT Bitmap
.CUE Microsoft Cue Cards data
.CUR Windows Cursor file
.CUT Dr Halo bitmap
.CV Corel Versions archive
.CVF Compressed Volume File
D
.DAT Data file
.DAT WordPerfect Merge Data
.DBF Ashton-Tate dBASE database
.DBG Debug info
.DBX DataBeam image
.DCS Desktop Color Separation file
.DCT Dictionary file
.DCX Fax image (based on PCX)
.DDE Interprocess communications (IPC) protocol to support exchange of commands and data
.DDF BTRIEVE database
.DEF C++ Definition file
.DEF Defaults file
.DEF SmartWare II data file
.DEM Demo file
.DER Certificate file

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.DES Description file
.DIB Device Independent Bitmap (a graphics format)
.DIC Dictionary file
.DIF Data Interchange Format spreadsheet
.DIF Difference file
.DIR Directory file
.DLG C++ Dialogue Script
.DLL Dynamic Link Library (executable code module for Windows)
.DOC Microsoft Word document
.DOC WordPerfect document
.DOC WordStar document
.DOT Microsoft Word document template
.DRS Driver Resource file
.DRV Driver files for Windows
.DRW Drawing file
.DRW Micrografx Designer/Draw
.DSC Description file
.DSQ Corel QUERY file
.DTA Data file
.DVR Device driver file
.DWG AutoCAD drawing
.DXF AutoDesk Drawing Interchange Format
E
.EMF Enhanced Windows metafile
.EML E-Mail file
.ENC Encoded
.EPS Encapsulated PostScript image
.EVY Envoy document
.EWL Microsoft Encarta document
.EXE Executable file (program)
F
.FAV Microsoft Outlook navigation bar
.FAX Fax bitmaps in CCITT format
.FAX FAX Type image
.FH3 Aldus Freehand 3 drawing
.FLC Autodesk hi-resolution animation file
.FLI An animation (flick) file format created using Autodesk Animator
.FLT Filter file: a DLL used by Corel, or for Aldus and Winword for import
.FMT Microsoft Schedule+ print file
.FOG Fontographer font
.FON System font
.FOR Fortran source code
.FOT Font-related file
.FP FileMaker Pro file
.FP1 Flying Pigs for Windows data file
.FP3 FileMaker Pro file

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.FPX FlashPix bitmap
.FRM Generic form file
.FRM Visual Basic form
.FRM WordPerfect Merge Form
.FRX Visual Basic form stash file
G
.GAL Corel Multimedia Manager album
.GED Graphic Environment Document (drawing)
.GEM GEM metafile
.GEN Ventura-generated text file
.GFI Genigraphics Graphics Link presentation
.GFX Genigraphics Graphics Link presentation
.GFX Instant Artist graphics file
.GID Windows 95 global index file (containing help status)
.GIF Graphic Interchange Format (CompuServe bitmap)
.GIM Genigraphics Graphics Link presentation
.GIX Genigraphics Graphics Link presentation
.GLY Glossary file
.GNA Genigraphics Graphics Link presentation
.GNX Genigraphics Graphics Link presentation
.GRA Microsoft Graph
.GRF Graph file
.GRP Windows Program Manager Group
.GWX Genigraphics Graphics Link presentation
.GWZ Genigraphics Graphics Link presentation
.GZ Unix Gzip compressed file
H
.H C program header
.HED HighEdit document
.HEL Microsoft Hellbender saved game
.HEX Macintosh BinHex 2.0 file
.HGL HP Graphics Language drawing
.HLP Help file
.HPJ Visual Basic Help Project
.HPP C++ program header
.HQX Macintosh BinHex 4.0 file
.HST History file
.HST Host file
.HT HyperTerminal file
.HTM Hypertext document file
.HTML Hypertext document file
I
.IBK Instrument Bank file for the FM chip, specifying parameters for a particular sound
.ICB Targa bitmap
.ICO Windows Icon file
.IDD MIDI Instrument Definition

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.IDX Index file
.IFF Amiga ILBM file
.IGF Inset Systems metafile
.IIF QuickBooks for Windows interchange file
.IMA WinImage file
.IMG GEM bitmapped graphics file
.INF Windows application Setup information files
.INI Windows initialization files that define your Windows environment
.INS X-Internet sign-up file
.ISP X-Internet sign-up file
.IW Idlewild screensaver
J
.JFF JPEG bitmap
.JFIF JPEG File Interchange Format
.JIF JPEG bitmap
.JN1 Epic MegaGames Jill of the Jungle data file
.JNK Junk
.JPEG JPEG bitmap
.JPG JPEG bitmap
.JTF JPEG bitmap
K
.KDC Kodak Photo-Enhancer
.KFX KoFax Group 4 image
.KIF Knowledge Interchange Format
.KYE Kye game data
L
.LBM Deluxe Paint bitmap
.LBR Library file
.LDB Microsoft Access lock file
.LEG Legacy document
.LET Letter file
.LIB Library file
.LOG Log file
.LPD Helix Nuts and Bolts file
.LRC Intel Video Phone file
.LRS Language Resource file
.LST List file
.LZH LH ARC compressed archive
.LZS Skyroads data file
M
.M3D Corel Motion 3D animation
.MAC MacPaint bitmap format
.MAC Macro file
.MAD Microsoft Access Module
.MAF Microsoft Access Form
.MAI Mail

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.MAK Visual Basic or MS Visual C++ Project
.MAM Microsoft Access Macro
.MAP LInk MAP file
.MAQ Microsoft Access Query
.MAR Microsoft Access Report
.MAT Microsoft Access Table
.MAZ Hover maze data
.MB1 Apogee Monster Bash data file
.MCC Dialer10 calling card
.MCS MathCAD image
.MCW Microsoft Word for Macintosh document
.MDA Microsoft Access add-in
.MDE Microsoft Access MDE file
.MDF Menu Definition File
.MDN Microsoft Access blank database template
.MDW Microsoft Access Workgroup
.MDZ Microsoft Access wizard template
.ME Information file (i.e., READ.ME), typically in text format
.MEN Menu file
.MET Presentation Manager metafile
.MI Miscellaneous
.MIC Microsoft Image Composer file
.MID MIDI music file
.MMF Microsoft Mail File
.MMM Microsoft Multimedia Movie
.MNU Menu file
.MOD A sound file format used with Amiga systems
.MOD Microsoft Multiplan spreadsheet
.MOV QuickTime for Windows movie
.MPE MPEG animation
.MPEG MPEG animation
.MPG MPEG animation
.MSD Microsoft Diagnostics report file
.MSG Microsoft Mail message
.MSN Microsoft Network document
.MSP Microsoft Paint bitmap
.MUS Music file
.MVB Microsoft Multimedia Viewer file
N
.NAP NAP metafile vector image
.NDX Index file
.NEW New file
.NFO Information file
O
.OBD Microsoft Office Binder or template
.OBJ Object file

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.OBZ Microsoft Office Binder wizard
.OCX Visual Basic custom control
.OFN Microsoft Office File New file
.OFT Microsoft Outlook template
.OLB OLE Object Library
.OLD Old file (i.e. CONFIG.OLD)
.OLE OLE object
.OPT Options file
.ORG Organizer file
.ORI Original
.OUT Outline file
.OVL Overlay file
.OVR Overlay file
P
.P10 Tektronix Plot 10 drawing
.P65 Pagemaker 6.5 file
.PAB Microsoft Personal Address Book
.PAK Packed file
.PAL Palette file; used by many programs, generally each with their own format
.PAS Pascal source code
.PAT Corel Draw pattern
.PAT Patch file
.PBK Microsoft Phonebook
.PBM Portable bitmap file
.PCD Kodak Photo CD file
.PCL HP Laserjet bitmap
.PCS PICS animation file
.PCT Macintosh PICT drawing
.PCX Zsoft PC Paintbrush picture file
.PDF Adobe Acrobat Portable Document Format
.PDX Paradox file
.PFA Type 1 font (ASCII)
.PFB Type 1 font (binary)
.PFC PF Component
.PFM Printer Font Metrics
.PGL HP Plotter drawing
.PGM Portable Graymap (bitmap)
.PGP Program Parameter
.PHO Phone list file
.PIC Lotus picture/Macintosh drawing/PC Paint bitmap
.PIF Program Information File containing information about a non-Windows application
.PIX Inset Systems bitmap
.PLL Pre-Linked Library file
.PLT AutoCAD Plot drawing
.PLT HPGL Plotter drawing
.PM5 Pagemaker 5.0 file

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.PM6 Pagemaker 6.0 file
.PNG Paint Shop Pro Browser catalog
.PNG Portable Network Graphics bitmap
.PNT MacPaint graphic file
.POT Microsoft PowerPoint template
.PP4 Picture Publisher 4 bitmap
.PPA Microsoft PowerPoint add-in
.PPM Portable Pixelmap bitmap
.PPS Microsoft PowerPoint slide show
.PPT Microsoft PowerPoint presentation
.PRD Printer driver file
.PRE Lotus Freelance presentation
.PRF Windows Preferences file
.PRG Program file
.PRN Print Table (space delimited text)
.PRS Harvard Graphics for Windows presentation
.PS PostScript file
.PSD Adobe Photoshop bitmap
.PST Microsoft Outlook Personal Folder file
.PUB Microsoft Publisher publication file
.PUB Ventura Publisher publication file
.PWD Microsoft Pocket Word document
.PWZ Microsoft PowerPoint Wizard
.PXL Microsoft Pocket Excel spreadsheet
Q
.QAD QuickArt document file
.QBW QuickBooks for Windows file
.QLB Quick Library file
.QRY Microsoft Query file
.QT QuickTime Movie format
.QTM QuickTime Movie format
R
.RA Real Audio sound
.RAM Real Audio sound
.RAS Sun Raster Images bitmap
.RAW Raw file format (bitmap)
.RC Microsoft Visual C++ Resource Script
.REC Recording file
.REF Reference file
.REG Registration file
.RES Microsoft Visual C++ Resource
.RFT RFT-DCA
.RLE Run Length Encoding for compressed bitmap files
.RMI Windows alternate MIDI synthesized sound format
.ROL Adlib sound file format
.ROV Rescure Rover data file

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.RPT Microsoft Visual Basic Crystal Reports file
.RTF Rich Text Format document
S
.SAM Ami Professional document file
.SAV Saved file (i.e., saved game)
.SBI Sound Blaster Instrument file
.SBK AWE-32 Sound Bank file containing alternate sets of sounds and instruments
.SC2 Microsoft Schedule+ 7
.SCD Matrix/Imapro file
.SCD Microsoft Schedule+ 7
.SCH Microsoft Schedule+ 1
.SCO DL slide image file
.SCP Dial-Up Networking Script
.SCR Fax image file
.SCR Script file, screen saver, or screen capture
.SCT Scitex CT bitmap file
.SDF Standard Data Format
.SDL SmartDraw library file
.SDR SmartDraw drawing
.SDT SmartDraw template
.SEP Tagged Image File Format (TIFF) bitmap
.SHB Corel Show presentation
.SHB Document shortcut file
.SHG Hotspot bitmap file
.SHS Shell scrap file
.SHW Corel Show presentation file
.SLK Symbolic Link (SYLK) spreadsheet
.SMM Lotus AmiPro spreadsheet file
.SND Raw sound file format—also a sound file used in Mac systems
.SND Mac Sound Resource file
.SND NeXT sound file
.SPL Spell checker
.STY Ventura style sheet file
.SUP Supplemental file
.SVX Amiga 8 sound file
.SWP Swap file
.SYM Symbol file
.SYS System device driver (such as HIMEM.SYS)
T
.TAR Tape Archive file
.TAZ UNIX Gzip/Tape Archive file
.TBX Toolbox file
.TDF Trace Definition File
.TDF Typeface Definition File
.TEX Texture file
.TFM Tagged Font Metric

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.TGA Targa “Tru Color†bitmapped format
.TGZ UNIX Gzip/Tape Archive file
.THD Thread
.THN Graphics Workshop for Windows thumbnail
.THS Thesaurus
.TIF Tagged Image Format
.TIG Tiger file—used by U.S. government to distribute maps
.TLB OLE Type Library
.TMP Windows temporary file
.TRM Terminal file
.TST Test file
.TTF TrueType Font file
.TWF TabWorks file
.TWW Tagwrite template file
.TX8 MS-DOS text file
.TXT Generic text (ASCII) format
V
.VBP Visual Basic Project
.VBX Visual Basic Extension or custom control
.VBS Virtual Basic script file
.VDA Targa bitmap
.VLB Corel Ventura Library
.VOC Creative voice file created with a Sound Blaster card
.VP Ventura Publisher publication
.VST Targa bitmap
.VSW Visio Workspace file
.VXD Windows virtual device driver file
W
.WAV Windows waveform audio file
.WB1 QuattroPro for Windows spreadsheet
.WB2 QuattroPro for Windows spreadsheet
.WBK Microsoft Word Backup
.WBL Argo WebLoad II upload file
.WCM WordPerfect Macro
.WDB Microsoft Works database
.WEB CorelXara Web document
.WGP Wild Board Games data file
.WID Ventura width table
.WIL WinImage file
.WIZ Microsoft Word Wizard
.WK1 Lotus 123 versions 1 & 2 spreadsheet
.WK3 Lotus 123 version 3 spreadsheet
.WK4 Lotus 123 version 4 spreadsheet
.WKS Lotus 123 Worksheet spreadsheet
.WKS Microsoft Works document
.WLF Argo WebLoad I upload file

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.WLL Microsoft Word add-In
.WMF Windows metafile vector graphics format
.WP WordPerfect document
.WP4 WordPerfect 4 document
.WP5 WordPerfect 5 document
.WP6 WordPerfect 6 document
.WPD WordPerfect demo
.WPD WordPerfect document
.WPG WordPerfect graphic
.WPS Microsoft Works document
.WPT WordPerfect template
.WPW Novel PerfectWorks document
.WQ1 QuattroPro/DOS spreadsheet
.WQ2 QuattroPro/DOS version 5 spreadsheet
.WRI Write document file
.WRL Virtual reality model
.WS1 WordStar for Windows 1 document
.WS2 WordStar for Windows 2 document
.WS3 WordStar for Windows 3 document
.WS4 WordStar for Windows 4 document
.WS5 WordStar for Windows 5 document
.WS6 WordStar for Windows 6 document
.WS7 WordStar for Windows 7 document
.WSD WordStar 2000 document
.WVL Wavelet compressed bitmap file
X
.XAR Corel Xara drawing
.XLA Microsoft Excel add-in
.XLB Microsoft Excel toolbar
.XLC Microsoft Excel chart
.XLD Microsoft Excel dialog
.XLK Microsoft Excel backup
.XLM Microsoft Excel macro
.XLS Microsoft Excel worksheet
.XLT Microsoft Excel template
.XLV Microsoft Excel VBA module
.XLW Microsoft Excel workbook/workspace
.XML Extensible Markup Language files
.XR1 Epic MegaGames Xargon data file
.XTP XTree data file
.XY3 XYWrite III document
.XY4 XYWrite IV document
.XYP XYWrite III Plus document
.XYW XYWrite for Windows 4.0 document

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Y
.YAL Arts & Letters clipart library
.YBK Microsoft Encarta Yearbook
Z
.Z UNIX Gzip (compressed)
.ZIP PKZIP archive file[/b]
Extract of Mr. Narayana Murthy's Speech during Mentor Session
I know people who work 12 hours a day, six days a week, or more. Some people do so because
of a work emergency where the long hours are only temporary. Other people I know have put
these hours for years. I don't know if they are working all these hours, but I do know they are in
the office this long. Others put in long office hours because they are addicted to the workplace.
Whatever the reason for putting in overtime, working long hours over the long term is harmful to
the person and to the organization. There are things that managers can do to change this for
everyone's benefit. Being in the office long hours,over long periods of time, makes way for
potential errors. My colleagues who are in the office long hours frequently make mistakes caused
by fatigue. Correcting these mistakes requires their time as well as the time and energy of others.
I have seen people work Tuesday through Friday to correct mistakes made after 5 PM on
Monday. Another problem is that people ho are in the office long hours are not pleasant
company. They often complain about other people (who aren't working as hard); they are
irritable, or cranky,or even angry. Other people avoid them. Such behavior poses problems,
where work goes much better when people work together instead of avoiding one another. As
Managers, there are things we can do to help people leave the office.
First and foremost is to set the example and go home ourselves. I work with a manager who
chides people for working long hours. His words quickly lose their meaning when he sends these
chiding groups e-mails with a time-stamp of 2 AM,Sunday. Second is to encourage people to put
some balance in their lives. For instance,here is a guideline I find helpful:
1) Wake up, eat a good breakfast, and go to work.
2) Work hard and smart for eight or nine hours.
3) Go home.
4) Read the comics, watch a funny movie, dig in the dirt, play with your kids,etc.
5) Eat well and sleep well.
This is called recreating. Doing steps 1, 3,4, and 5 enable step 2.
Working regular hours and recreating daily are simple concepts. They are hard for some of us
because that requires personal change. They are possible since we all have the power to choose
to do them. In considering the issue of overtime,I am reminded of my oldest son. When he was a
toddler, if people were visiting the apartment, he would not fall asleep no matter how long the
visit, and no matter what time of day it was. He would fight off sleep until the visitors left.
It was as if he was afraid that he would miss something. Once our visitors'left, he would go to
sleep. By this time,however, he was over tired and would scream through half the night with
nightmares. He, my wife, and I,all paid the price for his fear of missing out. Perhaps some
people put in such long hours because they don't want to miss anything when they leave the
office. The trouble with this is that events will never stop happening.That is life!! Things happen
24 hours a day. Allowing for little rest is not ultimately practical. So, take a nap. Things will
happen while you're asleep, but you will have the energy to catchup when you wake.
************************************************************************

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The Singularity of Thoughts
Hi,
Well, As a person dies, a lot of knowledge goes with him.... some terrabytes of
information ( a few kilobytes, in case of someone like me, perhaps)... all gone, ir-
retrievable for ever.
Unless one meets with a fatal accident or manages to get himself murdered, it
seems one is fairly aware of his/her approaching demise. What must have been the
dying thoughts of some of the greatest minds of world?
Shivaji Maharaj... Albert Einstein ... Alexander ..
For a moment, consider yourself in place of Shivaji Maharaj, and you will be
weighed down by the enormity of his thoughts... you have built up a mighty empire
from zero, next generations may do justice to it or may not, that's another thing.
Whatever it is, there is absolutely nothing you can do about it anymore. What must
have he felt ? a feeling of helplessness ? or the satisfaction that he had done his
duty on this planet and was ready to depart ? there are some passages in "Raja
Shiv Chhatrapati" or "Shrimaan Yogi" about this ... but no one can tell what his real
thoughts might have been. [1*]
Albert Einstein, when he died was alone. He said something in German but there
was just a nurse around, who did not understand the language. What could have he
been thinking ? In a decade from 1905 to 1915, he turned the Newtonian Physics
on its head almost single-handedly... Was he satisfied ? Did he ever think he might
be able to crack the ultimate riddle of all.. The Grand Unified Theory, which would
bring together General Relativity and Quantum Mechanics? [2**]
How I wish we could know this .. that there was some way by which their thoughts
could be downloaded,Just like we hastily have some imp data downloaded on a
floppy/CD when the current is abt to go. [3***]
In Physics there is concept of a singulairty.. the core of a black-hole contains a
singularity.. the point in space-time where all the laws of physics including the
General Relativity , break down.
Death is also a kind of singularity.. a place in space-time where all thoughts break
down.
There is something known as Event Horizon surrounding the black hole.. also
known as the Schwarzschild Radius ( NOT the Chandrashekhar Limit... mind you ) .
It is that radius inside which you are doomed to a journey into the singularity..
escape is impossible ( unless it happens to be a rotating black-hole , of course ).
[4****]

Death also creates a kind of event horizon around oneself... whatever other people
say, you are unable to comprehend, whatever you want to say doesnt reach the
outside world.
Then, there is another kind of singularity.. the Big Bang where again physics can't
predict anything. It can tell what happened even a few pico-seconds later, but not
at the exact origin of space-time.
Look at a child who has not learned to talk yet. Surely there must be some
thoughts passing thru his mind. what kind of thoughts ? what he/she must be
thinking, looking at all those unfamiliar objects ?
Isn't this something similar to singularity at the Big Bang ?

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Singularities need not always be located at the heart of giant black-holes... there
might be tiny ones and they may also be present anywhere, one may be lurking
just around the corner..... [5*****]
Aren't moments of depression akin to these tiny singularities ? they may strike you
anywhere, anytime. A singularity sucks in the matter... moments of depression
deplete your thoughts and energy.
So many other parallels can be drawn, but let me stop here... else some of you
may be forced to put me to some singular treatment, ha ha !!
Yours,
G.

Notes :
[1*] : How did Shivaji Maharaj die ? what it is called in medical terms ?
[2***]:For complete story, visit :
<http://www.time.com/time/archive/preview/0,10987,866292,00.html?internalid=ACA>
[3***]: I strongly recommend the science-fiction story : "Einstein, The Second" by
Laxman Londhe
[4****]: Read "The Frozen Star" by George Greenstein for all basic info abt black-
holes. I have not come across another book which explains this complex stuff in
such a easy-to-understand manner.
[5*****] : For more details on tiny singularities, any book by Stephen Hawking
will do... esp "Black Holes & Baby Universes".

*****

*How to disable a STOLEN mobile phone?*

(ASK people who have lost their mobile phones how it feels... "Espically
that expensive mobiles"...better note this down someplace)

To check your Mobile phone's serial number, key in the following digits on
your phone:
** # 0 6 #*
A 15 digit code will appear on the screen. This number is unique to your
handset. Write it down and keep it somewhere safe.

Should your phone get stolen, you can phone your service provider and give
them this code.They will then be able to block your handset so even if the
thief changes the SIM card, your phone will be totally useless .

You probably won't get your phone back, but at least you know that
whoeverstole it can't use/sell it either.

If everybody does this, there would be no point in people stealing mobile

phones.

Please spread this useful information around !!

*****

- 68 -
Pythagoras Theorem
Hi all,
Recently I was reading the book 'Fermat's Last Theorem' by Simon Singh...another
mathematician studied in Cambridge University. The book is really good one.....containing much
historical background of development of mathematics as well.
It is mentioned in the book by Mr Singh that around 600 BCE (Before Common Era) Pythagoras
has developed basic mathematics in Greece. Before starting his work and research the records
shows that Pythagoras has travelled all over the world. So he also visited India. He was a quite
secretive kind of person who used to keep all his research secret. He has developed a
Pythagorian brotherhood around that time in Alexandria...in Greece. It is mentioned that the
libraries in Alexandria are distroyed by some attackers (probably some Aarabs) and the
knowledge was smuggled to their countries. Though Simon Singh mentions about the discovery
of zero by Hindus and gives credit of the discovery of negative numbers to Indian
mathematicians, he has written that the knowledge of mathematics is smuggled and revived in a
new form in Arebian country and India.
Now I have read another book in which I found that the theorem which we call Pythagoras
theorem is discovered by a vedic rishi Bodhayana...(and is stated in terms of chords of an
oblong) around 1500 BCE - 500 BCE which is almost 2-3 centuries before Pythagoras. It is very
pleasent thing that 'The particular theorem is invented by an Indian mathematician, but on the
otherside it is very painful to read that the thing of smuggling of knowledge is written by an
Indian (of course a British Indian).
Actually, it will be very interesting to find out the truth ....because....the theory of invasion of
Aryans ...developed by Maxmuller ...a Germen Philosopher....which was accepted as a standard
one in the world history....is now in controversy due to lack of archiological and Indological
evidences. So if we can find the truth.....that will be the Goldan day for all of us.
Yours
Aparna

Schizophrenia
Hi all,
Immediately after biography of Albert Einstein, I started reading Dr John
Nash's biography...on which a film is picturised: A Beautiful Mind.
The film was basically focused on schizophrenia and recovery of Nash from it
before winning a noble prize. So the film has not covered the minute
details..in the book.
When I heard about the film, I was really interested in 'how people can start
suffering with such an odd disorder?'... I think after reading the book I got
some of the answers. Thought to share with you all.
Such kind of psychological disorders are very common in extremely brilliant
people especially scientists, mathematicians. We can see many mathematicians
and scientists has suffered some kind of psychological disorder at one point
of their life and career. Such disorders are quite common among family
members of these brilliant people. Some of them got recovered but some of
them died in that. Newton has suffered a psychotic breakdown and then
recovered. Einstien's younger son was suffereing from schizophenia and never
recovered.
It is generally found that many psychological disorders such as sudden
psychotic breakdown, schizophenia, autisum are found in the families of
brilliant background.
Reason behind such kind of disorders can be deep depression, frustration in

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career, super egocentric nature, eccentric behaviour etc.
For John Nash, it was due to mixed effect. Firstly, his frustration coming
through homosexuality, psychological pressure (Freudian theory) due to his
wife's pregnancy, frustration in his career....for not getting the
prestigious awards in his field.
I have seen some people suffering with autism and some with psychological
problem according to Freudian theory. Too much psychological pressure to be
No.1 in their career or say since school days....for getting marks and
all....create many psychological peoblems.
After all, one question remains in my mind...
Jar Suryala swatahachya tejachi janiv lokana bolun karun dakhavanyachi garaj
nasate..Mag ya etakya great lokana swatahacha great pana sidhha karanya
vishayi yevadhi bhiti ka...ki jyatun aase psychological problems creat hotil?
urs
Aparna

*****
Muhurta

Vaibhav,
The muhurta concept ties in closely with the kundali concept. The idea is
that the 9 astrological planets are always changing positions in the sky, and
times at a particular location on the earth are relatively good or bad
according to those positions. This is the fundamental assumption of any
school of astrology.
Now, it is believed that the start of certain things, like the start of a
business, or a journey, or a marriage or a partnership of any sort
should be done during an auspicious time.
now certain times are considered auspicious for business, some other times
are considered auspicious for marriage some other times are considered
auspicious for journey.
usually the muhurta is not an exact moment in time, but it's a window
when certain planetary positions are achieved. therefore, muhurta ek minta
ithe tithe zhala tari chalto.
mhanun tar hindi picture madhya mhantat, jaldi kanya ko bulaiye, muhurat
ka samay nikalte jaa raha hai, basically the bhadji means that the window is
closing.
Of course, belief in muhurta implies a belief in astrology. If you don't
believe in astrology, then you may not want to follow a muhurta.
Someone told me that the battle of Panipat was postponed for quite a while
because some pandit travelling with the Maratha army said that the Muhurta
was not good for starting a battle, and that if they fought, they would lose.
While we did not actually lose or win the Panipat battle, we did get
clobbered big time.
Can anyone confirm or disconfirm this story?
regards,
Onkar.

Vaibhav Malse wrote:

> Hi,
>I am confused with term "Muhurta " what it actually signifies ?
> why some one should marry on particular time ?
>> thx,
> Vaibhav

***

- 70 -
As i pass over the Howrah Bridge i have this nostalgic feel. Reminds me of something really
close.
Taxi wala takes an 'extra seat' ... and it happens to be a film actor. The extra one is very
interesting.
"Hum bahut sara bengoli filmo mein kam kiya hu" he informs. "Aj 25 saal bad bombay gaya
tha...udhar ka torokki dekh ke hum hairon reh goya"
I agree.
"Hum comedian hu". He appears so. "Chota mota kam kor leta hu filmo mein. Hum Kadar Khan
se milne gaya tha...Bohot bada gentleman admi hai wo."
I stay in Maharastra Niwas as suggested by our dear MDN member Sanju bhau. As i register, i
get one soap as a compliment which i am supposed to use all along my stay. Interestingly, most
of the staff there is Bihari. You can also see lots of Biharis all over Kolkata.
As i am checking my mails, theres a knock on the door and Rajendar brings a much needed tea.
I ask "Chai ka paisa kitna hua?"
"Kuch nahi. Ek Kop chai sabko free hai"
He also inquires, "Apko khane mein nimok kam lagta hai ya jyada?". I opt for Kam nimok.
They say its easy to learn Bengali. Put a roshogulla in your mouth and speak Hindi. Thats
Bengali.
Incidentally at the conference, an Australian asks me "Have you come here todie (today)?"
"No sir, I prefer to stay alive"
That is a very poor joke by his standards. So he doesn't smile.
Back at the hotel I ask Rajendar "Yaha ka climate kaisa hota hai?"
He says "Apka lock accha hai ap winter mein aya"
"Matlab?"
"Matlab ki apka lock bohot hi accha hai jo ap December mein yaha aya!"
"Lekin mere pas to koi lock nahi hai". I am confused.
4-5 Bengalis in their lungis laugh hysterically at me including Rajendar. I am embarrassed.
Then he says "Apkaa naseeb (luck) accha hai ap yaha winter mein aya"
I try to smile.

*****

<http://news.indiainfo.com/columns/guru/112405population-relegion.html>

Has religion to do anything with population?

by S Gurumurthy

"Population is a development issue, an issue between a husband and wife. It

has nothing to do with religion," says a politburo member of Communist Party
of India-Marxist (CPI-M). This is in response to Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh
(RSS) chief KS Sudharshan's advice to Hindus against the two-child norm.
Sudharshan's opinion that one may reject is not the issue; but the hard
facts, which must have disturbed Sudharshan to talk perhaps unlike him, are
not in issue at all.
Sudharshan was releasing a book on Religious Demography, a meticulous
research work by a Chennai-based socio-economic research body, the Centre for
Policy Studies (CPS). The CPS came out with the first study of religious
demography in India in 2003 and revised it in 2005. The study disclosed that
the share of Indian religions, Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism and Sikhism, in
the population of the Indian sub-continent has come down from 79.32 per cent

- 71 -
in 1881 to 67.56 per cent in 2001. A decline of 11.76 per cent in 120 years;
in the last decade alone 1.16 percent! Such a steep 12 percent decline of a
faith in a century is extraordinary, says the CPS study. It is the decline of
Indian religions, disproportionately in some areas, that invited the
partition of India in 1947.
The partition of 1947 was, undeniably, based on religious demography. That
explains why Muslim majority areas became part of Pakistan and Indian
religions' areas were included in India. See what happens, after partition,
in Pakistan in the West and in the East, later Bangladesh. In the census of
1941, Indian religions in West Pakistan were 19.69 per cent. Their numbers
today? Hold your breath, just 1.84 per cent. This means 9 out of 10 Indian
religions have disappeared from West Pakistan! Look at the East, Bangladesh,
which was born courtesy the Indian Army. In 1941, Indian religions were 33.93
per cent, more than a third of Bangladesh. Their numbers today? Again, hold
your breath, just 10.03 per cent, meaning that more than 2 out of 3 Indian
religions have disappeared from Bangladesh.
Reduction in Indian religions causes partition first and next partition
exterminates the Indian religions, a perfect sequence. Look at Kashmir and
Mizoram for the faith cleansing capabilities of religious intolerance,
despite the secular Constitution in force. Between 1981 and 2001, Indian
religions in Kashmir valley went down from 5.03 per cent to 2.77 per cent,
that is, almost half of them have disappeared from the valley. Again in
Mizoram in which other religions, not the Indian religions, are in majority,
the 50,000-strong Reang tribe has been driven out of the state as refugees
elsewhere.
When Indian religions were being cleansed out in Pakistan and Bangladesh, as
a contrast, in India, Indian religions, not others, are down from 87.22 per
cent in 1951 to 84.22 per cent in 2001, a decline of 3 percent in 50 years.
Others religions are up from 12.78 per cent to 15.78 per cent at the same
time! Their growth is consistent with India's ancient traditions, which
perhaps wrongly in hindsight, never looked at the religious profile of any
one. Thus whether it were the Parsis or the Jews or the early Christians or
Shia Muslims, who were driven out of their places by religious intolerance,
they were protected by Indian religions when there was no secular
Constitution!
This is the measure of the difference between 'doctrinally tolerant'
religions like the Indian religions and 'doctrinally intolerant' religions,
as the Encyclopaedia Britannica would classify them. So, the concern is not
that the other religions are rising in numbers faster. The concern is that
history seems to warn that a Pakistan or a Bangladesh might be repeated,
particularly in the border districts of Bihar, Bengal and Assam where other
religions are disproportionately rising. The concern is that what happened in
Pakistan or Bangladesh to Indian religions after partition may repeat in
those areas. Would that not lead to further Kashmirs or more Mizorams is the
question. This concern should not be that of only the Indian religions. It
should be of others too. They too will be concerned if responsible leadership
explains the issue to them.
These concerns are real. Since secular India sweeps under the carpet all hard
facts the realities of 'doctrinally intolerant' religions, others are forced
to talk. Facts cannot be ignored, as ignoring them in the past has cost the
nation before the very eyes of the present generation. Sudharshan's opinion
may be criticised as an extreme reaction but what about the facts disclosed
by the CPS study which drove him to express an extreme view? Facts cannot be
ignored and should not be. But, why then does secular India run away from
these hard facts, from debating the issue?
<http://www.DESHPANDEs.net>

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Rural Uplift or Urbanisation?
Hi all, I am sure all of you have visited outskirts of the city you live in and are akin to the kind of
urban spill that is taking place in these rural/semi-rural areas. There are some varieties of the
rural uplift/urbanisation phenomenon that I want to highlight.
Case 1: Navi Mumbai
Rural Areas and vast tracts of arable and non-arable land were systematically developed into
urban areas - well planned roads, railway stations and houses are the hallmark of Navi Mumbai.
However, the local population from these areas was displaced or resetelled. Some of them today
live in slums of Mumbai.
Case 2: Outskirts of Pune
Rural Areas adjoining Pune are slowly being pulled and joined together with the main city, not
by plan but by need. Little or no planning has resulted into narrow village roads not being
widened and hence becoming crowded. Also, the old village mandais and bhaaji bazaars remain
where they were and further add to the chaos - public utilities are in a mess and there is dust and
dirt all over. The local population however is not displaced - in fact they are the ones who add to
the chaos. There rural people have not been taught by anyone to learn the urban mannerisms of
walking or driving. So we find them crossing the road anywhere and everywhere, dirving like
wild animals swirving their vehicles and displaying little regard to other drivers. To top that -
bullock carts and Tata Sumos share the crowded and narrow roads with Cars and Bikes. On the
brighter side - the rural people are today getting high worth for their land as builders are paying
high amounts to acquire small tracts of land in these areas.
Case 3: Outskirts of Bhopal
Not governmental planning but high demand for systematic and planned housing has lead big
builders in Bhopal to acquire large tracts of land at reasonable prices and develop large
townships there. One can also see similar constructions in Pune (Ex. Magarpatta city, Sahara
City). The villagers have got goodprice for their land - the urbanisation of the area has nelped
them better their own economic propects. The large townships are well planned with wide roads,
parks and even artificial ponds dotting the area. All public amenities and utilities are in place -
however the cost of houses in such areas is comparitively higher than in areas mentioned in Case
2.
Case 4: Rural prosperity
Villages of Maharahstra and Punjab became prosperous due to high productivity in these areas.
The Urban areas have not spilled over to them - they continue to live in rural environs - cheap,
unformed but pure and natural as well. And they have enough employment opportunities and
good economic prospects in their own villages.
There may be some other scenarios that I have missed - BUT my question is which of the above
models is worth following? This questions have several subsets to it
Is urbanisation of semi-rural areas a better alternative for progress than pure rural uplift?
Should we encourage our major cities to engulf adjoining rural areas and morph into metros
(American Model) or encourage existence of many small cities than some large cities (European
Model)?
If a semi-rural area is to be urbanised, should it be left to the society to make its way or should
the government intervene, acquire all the land and usher in planned development?
OR should the goverment encourage private players to develop areas as planned areas?

nikhil Mob: 09324383346 Visit my blog <http://the-complete-man.blogspot.com/>

- 73 -
 ***

Trivia
Chewing on gum while cutting onions can help a person from stop producing tears.
Until babies are six months old, they can breathe and swallow at the same time.
Offered a new pen to write with, 97% of all people will write their own name.
Male mosquitoes are vegetarians. Only females bite.
The average person's field of vision encompasses a 200-degree wide angle.
To find out if a watermelon is ripe, knock it, and if it sounds hollow then it is ripe.
Canadians can send letters with personalized postage stamps showing their own photos on stamp.
Babies' eyes do not produce tears until the baby is approximately six to eight weeks old.
It snowed in the Sahara Desert in February of 1979.
Plants watered with warm water grow larger and faster than plants watered with cold water.
Wearing headphones for just an hour will increase the bacteria in your ear by 700 times.
Grapes explode when you put them in the microwave.
Those stars and colours you see when you rub your eyes are called phosphenes.
Our eyes are always the same size from birth, but our nose and ears never stop growing.
Everyone's tongue print is different, like fingerprints.
At 40 Centigrade a person loses about 14.4 calories per hour by breathing.
There is a hotel in Sweden built entirely out of ice; it is rebuilt every year.
Cats, camels and giraffes are the only animals in the world that walk rightfoot, right foot, left
foot, left foot, rather than right foot,left foot...
Onions help reduce cholesterol if eaten after a fatty meal.
The sound you hear when you crack your knuckles is the sound of nitrogen gas bubbles bursting.
In most watch advertisements the time displayed on the watch is 10:10 because then the arms
frame the brand of the watch and make it look like it's smiling.
The color blue can have a calming affect on people.
Depending upon shade, the brain may send up to 11 tranquilizing chemicals to calm the body.
Leonardo da Vinci could write with the one hand and draw with the other simultaneously.
Names of the three wise monkeys are: Mizaru (See no evil), Mikazaru(Hear no evil), and Mazaru
(Speak no evil).
The only 2 animals that can see behind itself without turning it's head are the rabbit and parrot.
The only 15 letter word that can be spelled without repeating a letter is uncopyrightable.
Babies are born without knee caps. They don't appear until child reaches 2-6 years of age.
The names of the continents all end with the same letter with which they start.
Electricity doesn't move through a wire but through a field around the wire.
All U.S. Presidents have worn glasses; some just didn't like to be seen wearing them in public.
No word in the English language rhymes with month, orange, silver, and purple.
Raw cashews are poisonous and must be roasted before.
Coca-Cola was originally green.
The most common name in the world is Mohammed.
The name of all the continents end with the same letter that they start with.
The strongest muscle in the body is the tongue.
There are two credit cards for every person in the United States.

- 74 -
TYPEWRITER is the longest word that can be made using the letters only on one row of the
keyboard.
Women blink nearly twice as much as men!!
You can't kill yourself by holding your breath.
It is impossible to lick your elbow.
People say "Bless you" when you sneeze because when you sneeze, your heart stops for a
millisecond.
It is physically impossible for pigs to look up into the sky.
The "sixth sick sheik's sixth sheep's sick" is the toughest tongue twister in the English language.
If you sneeze too hard, you can fracture a rib. If you try to suppress a sneeze, you can rupture a
blood vessel in your head or neck and die.
Each king in a deck of playing cards represents great king from history.
Spades - King David
Clubs - Alexander the Great,
Hearts - Charlemagne
Diamonds - Julius Caesar.
111,111,111 x 111,111,111 = 12,345,678,987,654,321
If a statue of a person on a horse has both front legs in the air, the person died in battle.
If horse has one front leg in ir, the person died as a result of wounds received in battle.
If the horse has all four legs on the ground, the person died of natural causes.
What do bullet proof vests, fire escapes, windshield wipers and laser printers all have in
common? Ans. - All invented by women.
Question - This is the only food that doesn't spoil. What is this? Ans. - Honey
A crocodile cannot stick its tongue out.
A snail can sleep for three years.
All polar bears are left handed.
Butterflies taste with their feet.
Elephants are the only animals that can't jump.
In the last 4000 years, no new animals have been domesticated.
On average, people fear spiders more than they do death.
Shakespeare invented the word 'assassination' and 'bump'.
Stewardesses is the longest word typed with only the left hand.
The ant always falls over on its right side when intoxicated.
The electric chair was invented by a dentist.
The human heart creates enough pressure when it pumps out to the body to squirt blood 30 feet.
Rats multiply so quickly that in 18 months, two rats could have over million descendants.
Wearing headphones for just an hour will increase the bacteria in your ear by 700 times.
The cigarette lighter was invented before the match.
Most lipstick contains fish scales.
Like fingerprints, everyone's tongue print is different
And finally, 99% of people who read this will try to lick their elbow.
A rat can last longer without water than a camel.
Your stomach has to produce a new layer of mucus every two weeks or it will digest itself.
The dot over the letter "i" is called a tittle.
A raisin dropped in a glass of fresh champagne will bounce up and down continuously from the
bottom of the glass to the top.

- 75 -
A female ferret will die if it goes into heat and cannot find a mate.
A duck's quack doesn't echo. No one knows why.
During the chariot scene in "Ben Hur," a small red car can be seen in the distance (and Heston's
wearing a watch).
Donald Duck comics were banned from Finland because he doesn't wear pants.
Because metal was scarce, the Oscars given out during World War II were made of wood.
The number of possible ways of playing the first four moves per side in a game of chess is
318,979,564,000.
The very first bomb dropped by the Allies on Berlin in World War II killed the only elephant in
the Berlin Zoo.
If one places a tiny amount of liquor on a scorpion, it will instantly go mad and sting itself to
death. (Who was the sadist who discovered this??)
The original name for butterfly was flutterby.
The phrase "rule of thumb" is derived from an old English law which stated that you couldn't
beat your wife with anything wider than your thumb.
The first product Motorola started to develop was a record player for automobiles. At that time,
the most known player on the market was Victrola, so the called themselves Motorola.
Roses may be red, but violets are indeed violet.
By raising your legs slowly and lying on your back, you cannot sink into quicksand.
Celery has negative calories. It takes more calories to eat a piece of celery than the celery has in
it to begin with.
Charlie Chaplin once won third prize in a Charlie Chaplin look-alike contest.
Chewing gum while peeling onions will keep you from crying.
Sherlock Holmes NEVER said, "Elementary, my dear Watson."
An old law in Bellingham, Washington, made it illegal for a woman to take more than three steps
backwards while dancing !!
The glue on Israeli postage is certified kosher.
Guinness Book Records holds record for being the book most often stolen from public ibraries.
Bats always turn left when exiting a cave !!

****

Understanding it thru code !

class Indian_Bachelor_female_professional
{
double styles;
short skirts;
long time_to_understand_problems;
float mind;
void knowledge();
char non_co_operative;
};

- 76 -
class Married_female_Software_Professional
{
double weight;
short tempered;
long gossips;
float hopes;
void work();
char unstable;
};

class Female_Engaged_software_professional
{
double time_on_phone;
short attention_on_work;
long boast;
float on_cloud_nine;
void understanding();
char edgy;
};

class Indian_Newly_Married_software_professional
{
double dinner_invitations;
short time_at_work;
long lunch_breaks;
float talks;
void bank_balance();
char hen_pecked;
};

class Indian_husband_wife_software_professional
{
double income;
short temper;
long time_no_see;
float new_software_company;
void love;
};

*****

- 77 -
 THE Boss
Hi,
Well, I get up every morning, go to work....return by late evening; most of the times, late
night....work for a minimum of 10 hours a day, sometimes 6 days a week. About 70-80% of
my time as well as intellect is taken up by the work.

Who am I : an employee or a boss ? For my team members, I may the boss; but for me, the
Project Manager is the boss; for him the Project Co-ordinator is the boss, for him the COO is
the boss, for COO, the CEO/GM/MD is the boss, and he in turn is bossed by the Chairman of
the company. Even the chairman is not free to do as he wishes. He has to keep in mind the
best interests of the Board of Directors, the share-holders, the investors...

So, who is the boss and who is the employee ?

If you ask me, we are all employees. The real boss is sitting high up there. In fact He is
everywhere. Omnipresent.

As we begin our career or life, we go thru a training

training period. We call it as childhood. Mentors
guide us... we call them first the parents, and later on the teachers. They teach us the basic
tips and tricks.... be it how to tie a shoe-lace or how to write an ActiveX control or a code
snippet in JavaScript.
The training ends and one day you find yourself in the field.. and realize that inspite of all
the guidance, when it comes to making the real decisions, you are all alone.
You manage to get along somehow.You already have relatives by default... that's your basic
salary.
salary Later on you add friends, colleagues.... that's your incentive . It's up to you how to
invest these things for your better future.
If you are lucky, you also find someone whom you begin to like insticntively.. you are in
love... that's a raise , a salary hike for you.
If you are really really lucky , you also get to marry him/her for life.. so you start a family,
and settle down. Congratulations, you have earned a promotion !!

Of course, it's not a smooth sailing always. Sometimes you lose a near & dear one. You cry
your heart out. Why? No need ...he/she has only been transferred from your section to
another one. Perhaps his/her services are more needed there. The Boss knows what is best
for you and for the overall team. Learn to trust Him.

If He is indeed pleased with you, you will find that the one whom you considered as lost ,
will meet you in some other form. A team-member from your section will come across as a
team-leader in different section..... someone you lost as a brother may come again in your life
as a great pal.

- 78 -
There are also moments of frustraion and failure. It's a memo from The Boss.. His way of
indicating you that "Mister ( or Lady), you have not been upto your mark. Introspect."
If you are wise enough, you introspect, and get back on the right track.
Sometimes, you find yourself in real trouble.. meet with an accident or develope some
illness. It is a suspension order.
order Depending upon ur past service-record, you may survive or
perish.
If you perish, your service has been terminated.
If you survive, pat yourself on the back. you have been given an extension.
extension Make the best of
it.

...and mind you, there no distinctions here like a blue-chip worker or a white-collar worker.
We are all equal. If someone begins to walk a few inches above the ground, he is promptly
shown his proper place.

The Boss is not unreasonable. At the onset of career itself He has given you the necessary
tools with which you can carry out the work. Open the toolbox your mind and take an
inventory.You will something you can use... it may be an ability to speak, to write, to sing, to
dance, to run, to manage, to think, to lead.... even one of this is enough to build a life-time....
and most of the times you will find that you have more than one of these.

He has given you something ... what you give Him back depends on you. Read, Write, Sing,
Dance, Administrate, Lead, Think, Communicate.... Do something...Be something.
Imagination is the limit... and there are no limits to imagination.
Do your duty.... and do it with passion and dedication.. with honesty and integrity.
The Boss expects nothing more from you .... and He will accept nothing less.

Do not be worried . He keeps a perfect record of your deeds ... and also your misdeeds.
... Give your best in everything you do...
...and leave the appraisal to The Boss.

There once happened to be a fellow called as Albert Einstein .. who knew one or two things
more about the universe than most of us here... and he has summed up our Boss very
beautifully. ...

"He may be subtle.... but He is not malicious."

Yours,
G.

*****

- 79 -
Kalchakra aani Kaal-Nirnay
Hey hi Friends!!

Varshacha Shevtcha Namskaar!!

Uff.. sutlo ekdacha!! aata asa mahnu naka. Ethe varsha year sathi. Evdha pan New Year
tumchyasathi "Happy" nahi. Hahaha.. Abhi aur bahot julum sahana baki hai.
2006 samplyala 4 taas baki aahet... udya navin Kalnirnay (office/regular/table). Uff hey
kalchakra naste tar kalnirnay wale kuthe aste? Kalnirnay ghetlya ghetlya aadhi suthya aani
saglyanchya birthday che day baghyche. Aani magchi baju wachyala survaat karaychi. Kai
zakaas... lihile aste.. reciepies pasun,, payachi niga,hataachi niga, chehryachi niga and so on,,
aani recipies pan bhannat astaat ..pahilich prakaar aahe "Makroni Varanphala". Asa kahi try
karnyapeksha upwaas kela tara jasat satunsta watel. Nantar ghrachyaghari karnyasarkhaya
baryach gosti dilelya astaat.. uff gharcha cake mahtlywar aamchyakde ugaach saglyana tension
yete.
Aso.. tar Kalnirnay barobar varsha chalu hotoy.. aani tyabarobar samplty..kalacha
kalchakra..niyamit..aani aapan sudha.. 31st sajara kartoch.. aani magchya varshi chuka, karayche
rahile ase aani pudhcyache swagat aani navin kalpana.. aani aasha. Gelelyachi odh aani navin
cha vedh.. asa 31st nehmich..hurhur aani aanandayee watato.
Tumha sarvana .. Navin Varshachya Hardik Shubhechha...Dil Se....
Varsha

*********

- 80 -