School Bullying Worksheet Respond to the questions below in detail. 1.

What are the 4 levels of negative consequences of bullying specified by the text? Bullying in schools can have negative consequences for the general school climate and for the right of the students to learn in a safe environment without fear. It can also have negative lifelong consequences - both for students who bully and for their victims. 2. What is the foremost source of formal bullying research? Much of the formal research of bullying has taken place in the Scandinavian countries, Great Britain and Japan. 3. Direct bullying behaviours include teasing, taunting, threatening, hitting and stealing. 4. Indirect bullying is spreading rumours and enforcing social isolation. 5. Boys and girls differ in their bullying behaviours in that boys typically engage in direct bullying methods but girls who bully are more apt to utilize more subtle indirect strategies. In general terms, bullying can be defined as a physical or psychological intimidation that occurs repeatedly over time to create an ongoing pattern of harassment and abuse. 6. The amount of students involved in bullying (as either bullies or victims) is 15 per cent. 7. The chronological pattern of direct bullying can be described as increasing through the elementary years, peaking in the middle school/junior high school years and decline during the high school years. 8. Distinguishing factors determining the occurrence of bullying do NOT include school size, racial composition, and school setting (rural suburban or urban) 9. Characteristic traits of a bully : (12 features) they have a need to feel power and in control, appear to derive satisfaction from inflicting injury and suffering on others, seem to have little empathy for their victims and often defend their actions by saying that their victims provoked them in some way, they often come from homes where physical punishment is used, where the children are taught to strike back physically as a way to handle problems, and where parental involvement and warmth are frequently lacking, they are defiant or oppositional toward adults, antisocial and apt to break school rules, they appear to have little anxiety and to possess strong self-esteem. 10. Characteristic features of a victim: (11 features) they are typically anxious, insecure, cautious and suffer from low self-esteem, rarely defending themselves or retaliating when confronted by students who bully them, they may lack social skills and friends, and they are often socially isolated, they tend to be close to their parents and may have parents who can be described as overprotective, they tend to be physically weaker than their peers. 11. Consequences for the person of being a bully: a strong correlation appears to exist between bullying other students during school and experiencing legal or criminal troubles as adults. Chronic bullies seem to maintain their behaviours into adulthood, negatively influencing their ability to develop and maintain positive relationships.(3)

Consequences for the person of having been bullied: Victims often fear school and consider school to be an unsafe and unhappy place. The act of being bullied tends to increase some students' isolation because their peers do not want to lose status by associating with them. Being bullied leads to depression and low self-esteem, problems that can carry into adulthood. 12. Student attitudes to bullying: (7) a clear majority felt that victims were at least partially responsible for bringing the bullying on themselves. They tend to agree that bullying toughened a weak person and that bullying teaches victims appropriate behaviour. They consider victims to be weak, nerds and afraid to fight back. 43% of students in the study said that they try to help the victim, 33% said that they should help but do not, and 24% said that bullying was none of their business. 13. Parents relationship to bullying: (2) they are often unaware of the bullying problem and talk about it with their children only to a limited extent. 14. Students attitude to adult help: (3) they feel that adult intervention is infrequent and ineffective, and that telling adults will only bring more harassment from bullies. 15. School personnel only intervenes according to research when verbal and psychological intimidation crosses the line into physical assault or theft. 16. Smith and Sharp propose 6 measures to control bullying: the need to develop whole-school bullying policies, implement curricular measures, improve the school ground environment, and empower students through conflict resolution, peer counselling, and assertiveness training. 17. The Olweus approach comprises 4 components: An initial questionnaire can be distributed to students and adults, a parental awareness campaign can be conducted during parent-teacher conference days, through parent newsletters, and at PTA meetings, teachers can work with students at the class level to develop class rules against bullying, other components of anti-bullying programs include individualized interventions with the bullies and victims, the implementation of cooperative learning activities to reduce social isolation, and increasing adult supervision at key times.