UA STAR Equation Sheet Energy Calculations Q(Tothl) = 4.5 x CFM x Ah 1.

1OxCFMxAT Q(Sensible) Q=BTUH Ah = Difference in enthalpy Ag= difference in grains of moisture AT = difference in temperature Heat transfer BTUH = LB. x AT x Specific heat (for any substance) BTUH = CFM x AT x 1.08 (for standard air) BTUH = GPM x AT x 500 (for water) Force exerted by a round diaphragm with a pressure applied and measured in psig Force = Area x Pressure
= =

sq. m. x

pound

sq.ln.

x psig

Pressure conversions 1 psi= 2.31 feet of head 1 psi = 27.7 in. w.c. 1 psi = 2.04 in. Hg. 1 atmosphere 34 feet of head 1 atmosphere = 29.9 in. Hg. 1 atmosphere = 14.7 psi w.c. = water column in. Hg. inches Mercury Air pressure in ducts V = 4005/V VP
(V) 4005

Airflow in duct: Q=AxV

Q= CFM
A = Cross sectional area of duct (ft ) 2 V = Velocity of air (feet per minute FPM) VP = inches water gage, WG

Mixed air temperature (MAT) MAT

=

OATx%OA+RATx%RA
100

Exhibit # 20 Rev 02-18-09 (UA_STAR_EquationSheet).doc 1

UA STAR Equation Sheet Percent of outside air %OA

RAT-MAT
=

RAT-OAT

x 100

MAT = Mixed air temperature OA = Outside air OAT = Outside air temperature RA = Return air RAT = Return air temperature Hydronic pressure (Total Head) Total Head Static Head + Friction Head

Velocity Head

Static Head Static Head = Static Discharge Head Static Suction Head (Calculated distance above pump as positive, distance below pump as negative)

Velocity Head (VH) VH =

2 V

2g

2 g = 32.3 fl/sec (acceleration due to gravity) V = Velocity of liquid Total Dynamic Head TDH = (DSH SSH) + (DVH SVH) TDH = Total dynamic head DSH = Discharge static head SSH = Suction static head DVII Discharge velocity head SVH = Suction velocity head
-

Flow Coefficient (Cv) rating of valve

Vffri

Flow rate in gpm H = Head loss (pressure drop) in PSI C = Flow coefficient with valve wide open, equal to gpm of flow at a 1 PSI pressure drop across the valve. C decreases as the valve closes.

Temperature conversions F (Fahrenheit) C (Celsius)

=

C ! + 32

(F

32) x

R (Rankine) = F + 460 K (Kelvin) = C + 273

Exhibit #20 Rev 02-18-09 (UASTAR_EquationSheet).doc 2

UA STAR Equation Sheet Ohms Law Volts = Amps x Ohms or E=IxR Watts Law Watts Volts x Amps or P=ExI Energy formula W=Pxt

Formula Circle for Ohms and Watts Laws

E = voltage I = current (amps) P = power (watts) R = resistance (ohms) W = energy (k Wh, or kilowatt-hour) t time (hours)

Sum of resistance Series circuits 1 2 RT = R + R Parallel circuits 1 R

1 R 2 R

3 R

3 R

Exhibit #20 Rev O2-18O9 (UA_STAR_EquationSheet).doc 3

UA STAR Equation Sheet

Sum of capacitance (C) Series cfrcuits

1
l=ll Cl Cz C 3

Parallel circuits 1 2 3 CT = C + C + C Troubleshoot/replace belts, sheaves/pulley Fan RPM

=

Motor RPM x Motor Sheave Diameter Fan Pulley Diameter

Power factor calculations Power Factor =

true power (kW) apparent power (kVA)

cosO

C)

Real Power (kW) 3-phase apparent power (kVA)

=

volts XAmps x 1.73

=

single stage apparent power (WA) Reactive power (kVAR) Percent of motor load %load=
MA-0.SNPA 0.5NPA
=

1000 Volts x Amps 1000

2 2 JkVA + kW

MV NPV

MA = Measured amps NPA = Nameplate amps MV = Measured volts NPV = Nameplate volts Transformer voltage/winding calculation EsEx Es = Secondary voltage Ep = Primary voltage 5 N = Number of secondary turns Np = Number of primary turns
Exhibit # 20 Rev 02-18-09 (UA_STAR_EquationSheet).doc
4 5 N

UA STAR Equation Sheet

Brake horsepower of a fan Bhp NPhp x

MA

MV

x LF

NPhp = Nameplate horsepower MA = Measured amps NPA = Nameplate amps (FLA) MV = Measured volts NPV = Nameplate volts LF Load factor (by table) Brake horsepower of a pump Bhp Bhp
GPM xTDH 3960 x Eff kWxEff 0.746 Total head x GPM 3960 x Bhp

x specific gravity

Pump efficiency

x specific gravity

GPM = Gallons per minute TDH = Total dynamic head Eff Pump efficiency kW = Real input power Speed Calculation Rpm of driver Rpm of driven
=

diameter of driven x rpm of driven diameter of driver diameter of driver x rpm of driver diameter of driven

Calculate new sheave diameter, changing motor sheave Dianew = Dia x ld 0

RPMnew RPMOId

Calculate new sheave diameter, changing fan or motor sheave Dianew = Dia x ld 0
d 1 RPMO RPMnew

Exhibit # 20 Rev 02-18-09 (UA_STAR_EquationSheet).doc 5

UA STAR Equation Sheet

Fan Laws
CFMnew
SPnew =

Id 0 CFM X

RPMnew RPMOId 2

ia 0 sp
=

(cFMnew) Id 0 CFM ew\2 0 IRPM RPMOId) X (CFMnew\3 Id, 0 CFM fRPMnew)3 Id 0 RPM
/

Id 0 SP x

BHPnew
=

Id 0 BHP BHPOId

Compression ratio (R) R

=

Absolute discharge pressure Absolute suction pressure

Pump Laws
GPMnew = GPM X 01
=

Dnew

Id 0 GPM

RPMnew RPMOId

L\Pnew

t.Pold
=

(GPMnew)2 Id 0 GPM (Dnew)2

IdX 0 AP IPo1d

Dold

(RPMnew2 j 0 \ RPM 1 X fGPMnew )3 GPMO1d

BHPnew
=

Id 0 BHP BHPOId BHPold

(P)3
(RPMnew)3 RPMOJd

General Gas Law pV-mRT

Exhibit #20 Rev 02-18-09 (UA_STAR_EquationSheet).doc

6

UA STAR Equation Sheet

Boyles Law and Charles Law 2 1 P P 1 2 T = T (Charles Law with constant volume) 12 2 T V = T V (Charles Law with constant pressure) Pj Vj = P V2 (Boyles Law with constant temperature) 2 P = absolute pressure in pounds per square foot V= volume in cubic feet m mass in pounds R = gas constant of the particular gas (foot-pounds per pound per degree Rankine) T= absolute temperature in degrees Rankine Gas R Gas R Air 53.5 Hydrogen 765.9 Ammonia 90.5 Nitrogen 55.1 Carbon dioxide 35.1 Oxygen 48.3 Carbon monoxide 55.1 Sulfur dioxide 24.1

Exhibit # 20 Rev 02-18-09 (UA_STAR_EquationSheet).doc 7