URCANIZATIUN STRUCTURE AND DESICN

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1.CENTRALZATON:
Situation in which decision-making power is at
the top of an organization and there is little delegation of authority. t is the
opposite of decentralization . Centralization and decentralization are really
a matter of degree. Full centralization means minimum autonomy and
maximum restrictions on operations of subunits of the organization. As an
organization grows in size and complexity, decentralization is generally
considered to be effective and efficient. Centralized organizational
structures rely on one individual to make decisions and provide direction for
the company. Small businesses often use this structure since the owner is
responsible for the company's business operations. Centralized
organizations can be extremely efficient regarding business decisions.
Business owners typically develop the company's mission and vision, and
set objectives for managers and employees to follow when achieving these
goals. Centralized organizations can suffer from the negative effects of
several layers of bureaucracy. These businesses often have multiple
management layers stretching from the owner down to frontline operations.
Business owners responsible for making every decision in the company
may require more time to accomplish these tasks, which can result in
sluggish business operations.
The organization that have choice is the PEL n Centralization.
Pak Elektron Limited (PEL)

Mission Statement:


Vision Statement:

'Journey towards excellence

HISTORY & INTRODUCTION OF PEL

Pak Elektron Limited (PEL) is the Ilag bearer oI the Saigol Group oI Companies.
Pak elektron Ltd is the pioneer manuIacturer oI electrical goods. It was established
in 1956 intechnical collaboration with M/S AEG oI Germany. In October 1978 the
group was bought by saigal group of industries. Since its inception, the company
has always been contribution towards the advancements and development oI the
engineering sector in Pakistan by producing hundreds oI engineer`s, skilled
workers and technicians through its apprenticeship schemes and training program.
The products manuIactured by PEL have always been oI high standard and the
name 'PEL' is synonymous with QUALITY all over Pakistan. Since its inception,
the company has been working Ior the advancement and development oI
engineering know-how in Pakistan. The company has produced hundreds oI
engineers, skilled workers and technicians through its apprenticeship schemes &
training programs.

PEL has been continuously adding new products to its range. As a result, PEL has
registered a signiIicant increase in its sales volume, during the last ten years

PRODUCTS OF PEL

PEL Air Conditioners:
PEL window-type air conditioners were introduced in
1981 in technical collaboration with General Corporation oI Japan. Ever since their
launch, PEL air conditioners have a leading position in the market. PEL air
conditioners cooling perIormance has been tested and approved by Copeland and
ITS USA and today PEL holds approximately45 oI airconditioners market share.










PEL Refrigerators:
The manuIacturing oI
reIrigerators started in 1986-87 in technical
collaboration with M/sIAR-SILTAL oI Italy.Like the air conditioner, PEL's
reIrigerators are also in great demand. Today, PEL Crystal has 30 market share.
Its cooling perIormance is tested andapproved by DanIoss, Germany and its
manuIacturing Iacility is ISO 9002certiIiedbySGS Switzerland.

PEL Deep Freezers:
PEL deep Ireezers were introduced in 1987 in technical
collaboration with M/s Ariston oIItaly. Due to their durability and high quality,
PEL deep Ireezers are the preIerred choiceoI companies like Lever Brothers.

Crgan|zat|ona| n|erarchy
Chairman

Managing Director

GeneraI Manager

Senior Manager

Manager
SaIes
Manager
Production
Manager
HRM
Manager
Consumer
Marketing
department
Consumer service
Department




Marketing
Manager
Finance
Manager
Distribution
Manager
Trading
Department
Credit ControI
Manager
S1AII

2. FormaIization:
Formalization is the extent to which rules and
procedures are followed in an organization. This element varies greatly
across organizations. Organizations use formalization to increase their
rationality. n one sense formalization is an attempt to make behavior more
predictable by standardizing it. Standard procedures for production workers
or quality control checklists that must be used and submitted before a
product can be shipped are examples of this kind of formalization.
Formalization may also be an attempt to make explicit and visible the
structure of relationships among organizational participants. t can establish
status differences among organizational members in a way that is objective
and external to the participants themselves. Formalization makes the
process of succession routine and regular so that people can be replaced
when necessary with minimal disturbance to an organization's
functioning.Formal structures are aspects of organizations that are not
formally planned but that more or less spontaneously evolve from the
needs of the people. Thus, formal structures are the norms and behaviors
that exist regardless of individuals; informal structures are interactions
based on the personal characteristics or resources of the individuals
involved. nformal structures are not without form; those forms are not
determined simply by the organization but grow out of the relationships of
the participants. nformal life is structured and orderly; it simply reflects the
hearts and minds of an organization's members. Formalization in One area
of an organization brings about pressures for less formalization in other
areas.Formalization is influenced by technology, size, and organizational
traditions. One can categorize technologies as routine and non routine.
Organizations or work units in which work is routine are more likely to be
highly formalized than those in which technologies are less routine.
n Formalization have select BANK ALFALAH as an example


ank Alfalah Limited




'ision:
'To be the premier organization operating locally & internationality that
provides the completerange oI Iinancial services to all segments under one rooI.

Mission:
'To develop & deliver the most innovative products, manage customer
experience, deliver qualityservices that contributes to brand strength, establishes a
competitive advantage and enhances proIitability, thus providing value to the
stakeholders oI the bank.

History And Introduction of ANK ALFALAH

Bank AlIalah Limited was incorporated on June 21st,1992 as a public
limited company under the Companies Ordinance 1984.
Its banking operations commenced Irom November 1
st
,1997.The bank i s
engaged i n commerci al banki ng and rel at ed servi ces as deIi ned i n
t he Banki ng companies ordinance,1962.The Bank is currently
operating through 195 branches in 74 cities,with the registered oIIice at
B.A. Building, I.I.Chundrigar, Karachi.Bank AlIalah Limited is a Private
bank in Pakistan owned by the Abu Dhabi Group.Since its inception,as
the new identity oI H.C.E.B aIter the privatization in 1997,t he management
oI the bank has implemented strategies and policies to carve a distinct position
Ior the bank in the market place.Strengthened with the banking oI the Abu Dhabi
Group and driven by the strategic goals set out by i t s board oI management ,
t he Bank has i nvest ed i n revol ut i onary t echnol ogy t o have
anextensive range oI products and services

Organizational Hierarchy

It`s a general hierarchy oI bank which is showing about the main
authorities oI Bank AlIalah Limited who are controlling its management
in Pakistan. Bank`s management is divided into diIIerent groups, regions
and areas. Co-chairman is providing supervision to group heads that are
responsible Ior controlling the aIIairs oI diIIerent groups. AIter group heads in the
hierarchy regional and area managers are working who are managing and guiding
the working oI diIIerent branches oI bank.


















h|ef Lxecut|ve Cff|cer
oha|rman
Group neads
keg|ona| Managers
Area Managers
8ranch Managers
oard of directors:

. E.Sheikh amdan Bin Mubarak Al Nahayan CHAIRMAN

2. Mr. Sirajuddin aziz CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER

3. Mr. Abdullah Naseer Al Mansoori DIRECTOR

4. Mr. Abdullah Khalil Al Mutawa DIRECTOR

5. Mr. kram Ul-Majeed Sehgal DIRECTOR

6. Mr. Khalid Mana Saeed Al Otiba DIRECTOR

7. Mr.Adeem qbal Sheikh DIRECTOR




FUNCTIONS

ranch banking
e.g. Deposits, Remittances, Foreign trade, Lockers.

Consumer banking
e.g. Credit Cards, Auto loans, Home loans, Consumer durables,
RTCs.

Electronic anking
e.g. Telephone banking, ATMs, Online banking

Corporate banking
e.g. Short/Long Term Iinance, Trade Iinance, Structured Iinance.

Treasury & Investment
e.g. Money market, Forex market, Investments, Government
securities, Correspondent banking

PRODUCTS AND SER'ICES

.Current Account
2.Profit and Ioss(P&L) Saving Account
3.RoyaI Profit
4. Basic Banking Account
5.AIfaIah Kifayat Account
6.AIfaIah Mahana Amdan
7.AIfaIah Kamyab Karobar
. AIfaIah HiIaI Card


Specialization:
A method of production where a business
or area focuses on the production of a limited scope of products or services
in order to gain greater degrees of productive efficiency within the entire
system of businesses or areas. Many countries specialize in producing the
goods and services that are native to their part of the world. This
specialization is the basis of global trade as few countries produce enough
goods to be completely self-sufficient.
Advantages include:
Yields very clear task assignments, consistent with and individual's
training.ndividuals within a department can easily build on one another's
knowledge, training, and experience.Provides an excellent training ground
for new managers. t is easy to explain.t increase efficiency- practice make
perfect, therefore the work within particular skills will develop skills and
efficiency through repetition of the job.t save time -there is no need of
switching from one place to another in that case worker is fixed in her/his
field as a result time is saved.Accuracy in production - it is likely to be
accuracy in production due to the fact that every worker will engage in the
particular work where will be concerned with.Reduce cost of production-in
the particular activities the specialized person will be effectively handling it
out as a result there be no need giving cost of repeating the same job.
Disadvantages include:
May reinforce the narrow training of individuals. May yield narrow, boring,
and routine jobs. Communication across technical areas is complex and
difficult."Top management overload with too much attention to cross-
functional problems. ndividuals may look up the organizational hierarchy
for direction and reinforcement rather than focus attention on products,
services, or clients.t create monopoly this means after specialization
certain field of work may lead into boredom to the worker.t may cause
unemployment this occur when the company is closed and there is no
similar industry offering the same job. Also it limit the freedom of the choice
of work.

Qarshi Industries


'ision Statement:

Mission Statement:

Introduction and History of QARSHI
From humble beginning in 196,Qarshi ndustries (Pvt.) Ltd., is now
Pakistan's largest herbal pharmaceutical company. t was conceptualized
75 years ago by the venerated eastern poet Allama Muhammad qbal. ts
inception was in the shape of a clinic at Beadon Road in the city of Lahore,
in the heart of Punjab, which was opened by Shifa-ul-Mulk akim
Muhammad assan Qarshi, e was a practitioner of herbal medicine and
health supplements. The clinic was started with a view to provide pure and
effective herbal medicines to the general populace.n 196 the youngest
son of Shifa-ul-Mulk, Mr.qbal Ahmed Qarshi after completing M.Sc in
Chemical Engineering, laid the foundations of Qarshi Dawakhana, that has
now evolved into Qarshi ndustries, a modern and successful company
that, outweighs by far, the expectations of its original founder.Qarshi
ndustries is highly rated company in its category in Pakistan. t has
consolidated its image as a quality-conscious company and has, over the
year, demonstrated its firm commitment to quality and strict adherence to
international standards. Qarshi takes pride in maintaining a high quality in
its products and superior skills and acquiring the latest in advanced
technology. t is conscious of the need to improve efficiency and set new
standard of excellence in the competitive phyto pharmaceutical market.

Qarshi ndustries (Pvt) Ltd has over 200 natural health food products made
from pure herbs and plants. They are produced by maintaining the highest
standard of quality and purity. These include health food supplements,
medicines, tonics & syrups.Qarshi Industries (Pvt.) Ltd. is one of the
largest natural products company in Pakistan. From a humble Dawakhana,
Qarshi ndustries (Pvt.) Ltd. has emerged as modern, successful and
progressive company manufacturing & marketing leading brands like Jam-
e-Shirin, Johar Joshanda and SpringIey (Natural Mineral Water).

PRODUCTS OF QARSHI:
ameSh|r|n
am-e-Shirin is well known drink of the East and a brand
leader from Qarshi ndustries. Before the preparation of each bottle of am-
e-Shirin, a scientific and stage-to-stage research is conducted on all the
components of distilled concoctions, herbs, flowers and fruits that are used
in the old system as well as modern system of medicine. At every stage the
best components are selected for the preparation of this ideal refreshing
drink. Offering am-e-Shirin to guests is a tradition
Johar Joshanda:
nstant erbal Tea, effective remedy for catarrh, cold,
cough and physical fatigue. The physicians of the past made an effective
prescription of oshanda for catarrh, cold, cough and fever. Qarshi R
& D Cell has succeeded in preserving the effective
ingredients of oshanda in the form of granules.

Spr|ng|ey:
Springley is the only Natural Mineral Water in Pakistan; which
is collected from geologically & physically protected, pure natural source in
the imalayan ills. Springley is rich in essential minerals such as Calcium,
Magnesium, Sodium, Potassium, Chlorides and Bicarbonates. Springley
goes through filtration and ozonation (a water treatment process) for the
elimination of particles and micro organisms, assuring that there is no
chance of water borne diseases. No chemical treatment or processing is
carried out to keep the quantity of Natural Minerals intact and undiluted.
Springley is bottled at state of the art and hygienically protected plant at
attar. Springley under goes 75 rigorous quality tests in our international
SO 17025 accredited Chemical and microbiological Lab.


Carbonated Soft Drinks:
No synthetic flavor, No artificial sweeter, No phosphoric acid, Contains the
natural benefits of fruit juices.
Jams & MarmaIades:
Made from the best and perfectly ripe fruits. Qarshi
Orange Marmalades contains rich fruit pulp and conforms to intenational
quality standards.
Powder Drinks:
Refreshing Orange and lemon nstant Drink,
economical solution for fighting dehydration and fatigue on the job. Simply
mix the powder with the indicated amount of water for an instant refreshing
drink.
HeaIth SuppIements / MineraIs / SingIe Ingredient Products:
Quality natural herbal supplements from the house of Qarshi. Valerian,
Guggle, Ginger, Lavender, Dil.Qarshi is producing a wide range of quality
natural products since 196. Products include food and health
supplements, natural traditional remedies, juices, farm products, instant
herbal teas, refreshing drinks and natural mineral water.
These are the some products of Qarshi.Qarshi produces a number of
products in its product line.